Plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic viruses represent a group of diseases (virosis) that can... more Plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic viruses represent a group of diseases (virosis) that can cause high economic losses and become a limiting factor in achieving full fertility and a quality yield. The transmitting ways of the viruses are multiple, and the main way to combat these diseases is the production, or use of healthy, virus-free seed and planting material. Since viruses cause the most significant damage on woody plants, fruits and vines, it is important to carry out a plant virus screening test in order to avoid multiple harmful effects in both aspects, the material and in the aspect of the time it takes for these plant species to grow and achieve a full fertility. One of the most common viruses infecting stone fruit species and causing significant economic damages is the Prune dwarf virus (PDV). Given the general presence in the world and high destructive potential of PDV, its diagnostic and identification methods are described in detail in this study.Bolesti gajenih ...
Summary Sugar beet leaf spot, caused by the air-borne fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc., leads to ... more Summary Sugar beet leaf spot, caused by the air-borne fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc., leads to a decrease in sugar beet leaf mass and the consequent regrowth of leaves based on exploiting the sugar reserves stored in the plant’s roots, thus ultimately resulting in lower yields and sugar contents of sugar beets. Azoxystrobin belongs to the group of QoI fungicides, which inhibit mitochondrial respiration by blocking cytochrome c reductase. The QoI fungicides are characterized by a very high risk of resistance interfering with their biological activity. For the purpose of testing the azoxystrobin sensitivity of the Cercospora beticola population found at the site of Rimski Šančevi, a collection of 84 isolates was assembled and tested for sensitivity to azoxystrobin by measuring the mycelial growth on fungicide-amended media with the addition of SHAM. The results obtained indicate that none of the isolates tested exhibited complete sensitivity to azoxystrobin, 4% were found to have re...
Sensitivity of seven maize hybrids to ear rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. ve... more Sensitivity of seven maize hybrids to ear rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus, was evaluated during 2010 and 2011 in field trials with artificial inoculations using colonized toothpick method. Significant differences in expression of symptoms were observed. The lowest susceptibility to F. graminearum and F. culmorum had hybrids: Sz349, Sarolta and Kenez and to F. verticillioides and A. flavus Kenez, Sz451 and Sarolta.
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most economically important plant viruses from genus Tosp... more Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most economically important plant viruses from genus Tospovirus. It has a polyphagous character and infects a wide range of very significant agricultural crops. Vectors of viruses are insects from order Thysanoptera (Thripidae) and till know eight species are known to transmit tospoviruses of which Frankliniella occidentalis is considered to be economically most important vector. TSWV is transmitted by thrips in a persistent and propagative manner. Relationship between vector and TSWV is very specific because vectors acquire the virus in the larval stages, while imago plays a key role in transmission of the virus. TSWV causes wide range of symptoms depending on host plant, external environmental conditions and type of viruses. In addition to affecting the fruit quality of cultivated crops, greatly reduces the yield to agricultural producers. Tomato is the most commonly attacked by TSWV, and after the symptoms manifested on leaves in the form o...
Alternaria toxins are mycotoxins produced by various Alternaria species which, besides the Fusari... more Alternaria toxins are mycotoxins produced by various Alternaria species which, besides the Fusarium species, represent the principal contaminants of wheat worldwide. As currently, only limited information on the behaviour of Alternaria toxins during processing of cereals is available, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the dry milling process of wheat on Alternaria toxins distribution. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) content were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in all milling fractions of untreated (control), fungicide-treated, Alternaria tenuissima inoculated and commercial wheat sample. After dry milling process, in last break and milling flows and by-products, increased concentration of examined Alternaria toxins was detected. TeA was quantified in almost all milling fractions in all tested wheat samples, while AOH and AME were detectable mos...
Systemic evalution of cucumber downy mildew disease intensity show that under the conditions of s... more Systemic evalution of cucumber downy mildew disease intensity show that under the conditions of severe infection pressure and favorable ecological conditions for disease development, can be protected only by frequent and good quality fungicide application. The available literature data describe various conditions for determining the azoxystrobin residues. Mario Schirra et al. (2002) determined the level of azoxystrobine residues in grapefruit by gas chromatography with NPD detector, while Lenza- Rizos et al. (2005) dealt with the azoxystrobin residue from grapes to raisins, also by gas chromatography with ECD detector. In this paper, GLC-ECD and extraction with toluen and propa-2-ol, were evaluated to be applied in the analysis of azoxystrobin residues in cucumber. The extract was analysed by GLC with SPB 5 capillary column and ECD. The mean value, recovery for levels 0.02- 1 mg/kg was 87.6%, with the relative standard deviation less than 10%. The metod showed linearity for all samp...
Plant viruses cause considerable economic losses and are a threat for sustainable agriculture. Du... more Plant viruses cause considerable economic losses and are a threat for sustainable agriculture. Due to the multiple possibilities of infection, they have become widespread. The use of healthy propagation material, free of viroids, viruses and bacteria, is an important strategy in disease control in viticulture. The early and accurate detection of plant viruses is an essential component of their control. Due to the widespread of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and its devastating potential, various diagnostic methods are being used. GFLV detection methods based on the specificity of the protein cover (ELISA) and nucleic acid-based virus detection methods (RT-PCR, qRT-PCR). Symptoms of viral diseases are often not distinct and can be confused with those of abiotic stresses, so visual inspection is not reliable enough.
The plum pox virus was discovered in Bulgaria between 1915 and 1918, hence the name "plum po... more The plum pox virus was discovered in Bulgaria between 1915 and 1918, hence the name "plum pox". Despite strict quarantine measures, as early as 1980s, this virus was widespread in whole Europe, but its presence was also confirmed in South and North America, Africa and Asia. The only continent where the infection with this virus has not been described yet is Australia. The presence of strains PPV-D, PPV-M and PPV-Rec has been confirmed in Serbia. The PPV-M strain spreads very quickly naturally, and it is considered as very dangerous for stone fruit trees. Trees infected with the plum pox virus do not decay, but bear fruit of poorer quality. Poorer quality of fruits reduces their market value, which leads to significant economic damage.
Large changes introduced in the sugar beet production technology in the Vojvodina Province over l... more Large changes introduced in the sugar beet production technology in the Vojvodina Province over last 40 years resulted in changes in the etiology and harmfulness of different agents of sugar beet root diseases. Improvements in cultivation practices reduced the harmfulness of some diseases while increased the harmfulness of others. Some disease agents became obsolete, but others gained importance. New agents of root diseases were found. The most frequent damages, persisting over long periods of time were caused by seedling damping-off, Fusarium root rot, charcoal root rot, parasitic (Rhizomania) and non-parasitic root bearding. The parasitic damping-off caused by several fungal species but most frequently by Phoma betae occurred at the time when multigerm seeds were used in combination with extensive cultural practices. The agents of seedling diseases completely lost their significance as the consequence of switching to fungicide - treated monogerm seeds, earlier planting and improve...
Bacterial canker and leaf spot caused by plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas is among the most... more Bacterial canker and leaf spot caused by plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas is among the most destructive cherry diseases worldwide. Nowadays in Serbia, sweet cherry production significantly increased and the new plantations, mainly grown from imported planting material are being raised every year. During spring, 2018 and 2019, occurrence of bacterial canker and leaf spot symptoms was observed on a newly planted sweet cherry plantations in two localities, Zitoradja (Southern region) and Karavukovo (Northern region-Vojvodina). Typical P. syringae colonies were isolated on Nutrient Sucrose Agar supplemented with 5% sucrose (NSA). A total of fifteen isolates were selected and identified. Results of the LOPAT test (+---+) determined them to belong to fluorescent Pseudomonas Group Ia, while results of G+A+T-Ta- tests indicate presence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Pathogenicity was confirmed on immature sweet and sour cherry fruitlets by forming of black, sunken lesions for a...
Plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic viruses represent a group of diseases (virosis) that can... more Plant diseases caused by phytopathogenic viruses represent a group of diseases (virosis) that can cause high economic losses and become a limiting factor in achieving full fertility and a quality yield. The transmitting ways of the viruses are multiple, and the main way to combat these diseases is the production, or use of healthy, virus-free seed and planting material. Since viruses cause the most significant damage on woody plants, fruits and vines, it is important to carry out a plant virus screening test in order to avoid multiple harmful effects in both aspects, the material and in the aspect of the time it takes for these plant species to grow and achieve a full fertility. One of the most common viruses infecting stone fruit species and causing significant economic damages is the Prune dwarf virus (PDV). Given the general presence in the world and high destructive potential of PDV, its diagnostic and identification methods are described in detail in this study.Bolesti gajenih ...
Summary Sugar beet leaf spot, caused by the air-borne fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc., leads to ... more Summary Sugar beet leaf spot, caused by the air-borne fungus Cercospora beticola Sacc., leads to a decrease in sugar beet leaf mass and the consequent regrowth of leaves based on exploiting the sugar reserves stored in the plant’s roots, thus ultimately resulting in lower yields and sugar contents of sugar beets. Azoxystrobin belongs to the group of QoI fungicides, which inhibit mitochondrial respiration by blocking cytochrome c reductase. The QoI fungicides are characterized by a very high risk of resistance interfering with their biological activity. For the purpose of testing the azoxystrobin sensitivity of the Cercospora beticola population found at the site of Rimski Šančevi, a collection of 84 isolates was assembled and tested for sensitivity to azoxystrobin by measuring the mycelial growth on fungicide-amended media with the addition of SHAM. The results obtained indicate that none of the isolates tested exhibited complete sensitivity to azoxystrobin, 4% were found to have re...
Sensitivity of seven maize hybrids to ear rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. ve... more Sensitivity of seven maize hybrids to ear rot, caused by Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. verticillioides and Aspergillus flavus, was evaluated during 2010 and 2011 in field trials with artificial inoculations using colonized toothpick method. Significant differences in expression of symptoms were observed. The lowest susceptibility to F. graminearum and F. culmorum had hybrids: Sz349, Sarolta and Kenez and to F. verticillioides and A. flavus Kenez, Sz451 and Sarolta.
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most economically important plant viruses from genus Tosp... more Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) is the most economically important plant viruses from genus Tospovirus. It has a polyphagous character and infects a wide range of very significant agricultural crops. Vectors of viruses are insects from order Thysanoptera (Thripidae) and till know eight species are known to transmit tospoviruses of which Frankliniella occidentalis is considered to be economically most important vector. TSWV is transmitted by thrips in a persistent and propagative manner. Relationship between vector and TSWV is very specific because vectors acquire the virus in the larval stages, while imago plays a key role in transmission of the virus. TSWV causes wide range of symptoms depending on host plant, external environmental conditions and type of viruses. In addition to affecting the fruit quality of cultivated crops, greatly reduces the yield to agricultural producers. Tomato is the most commonly attacked by TSWV, and after the symptoms manifested on leaves in the form o...
Alternaria toxins are mycotoxins produced by various Alternaria species which, besides the Fusari... more Alternaria toxins are mycotoxins produced by various Alternaria species which, besides the Fusarium species, represent the principal contaminants of wheat worldwide. As currently, only limited information on the behaviour of Alternaria toxins during processing of cereals is available, the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the dry milling process of wheat on Alternaria toxins distribution. Alternariol (AOH), alternariol monomethyl ether (AME) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) content were analysed by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in all milling fractions of untreated (control), fungicide-treated, Alternaria tenuissima inoculated and commercial wheat sample. After dry milling process, in last break and milling flows and by-products, increased concentration of examined Alternaria toxins was detected. TeA was quantified in almost all milling fractions in all tested wheat samples, while AOH and AME were detectable mos...
Systemic evalution of cucumber downy mildew disease intensity show that under the conditions of s... more Systemic evalution of cucumber downy mildew disease intensity show that under the conditions of severe infection pressure and favorable ecological conditions for disease development, can be protected only by frequent and good quality fungicide application. The available literature data describe various conditions for determining the azoxystrobin residues. Mario Schirra et al. (2002) determined the level of azoxystrobine residues in grapefruit by gas chromatography with NPD detector, while Lenza- Rizos et al. (2005) dealt with the azoxystrobin residue from grapes to raisins, also by gas chromatography with ECD detector. In this paper, GLC-ECD and extraction with toluen and propa-2-ol, were evaluated to be applied in the analysis of azoxystrobin residues in cucumber. The extract was analysed by GLC with SPB 5 capillary column and ECD. The mean value, recovery for levels 0.02- 1 mg/kg was 87.6%, with the relative standard deviation less than 10%. The metod showed linearity for all samp...
Plant viruses cause considerable economic losses and are a threat for sustainable agriculture. Du... more Plant viruses cause considerable economic losses and are a threat for sustainable agriculture. Due to the multiple possibilities of infection, they have become widespread. The use of healthy propagation material, free of viroids, viruses and bacteria, is an important strategy in disease control in viticulture. The early and accurate detection of plant viruses is an essential component of their control. Due to the widespread of Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) and its devastating potential, various diagnostic methods are being used. GFLV detection methods based on the specificity of the protein cover (ELISA) and nucleic acid-based virus detection methods (RT-PCR, qRT-PCR). Symptoms of viral diseases are often not distinct and can be confused with those of abiotic stresses, so visual inspection is not reliable enough.
The plum pox virus was discovered in Bulgaria between 1915 and 1918, hence the name "plum po... more The plum pox virus was discovered in Bulgaria between 1915 and 1918, hence the name "plum pox". Despite strict quarantine measures, as early as 1980s, this virus was widespread in whole Europe, but its presence was also confirmed in South and North America, Africa and Asia. The only continent where the infection with this virus has not been described yet is Australia. The presence of strains PPV-D, PPV-M and PPV-Rec has been confirmed in Serbia. The PPV-M strain spreads very quickly naturally, and it is considered as very dangerous for stone fruit trees. Trees infected with the plum pox virus do not decay, but bear fruit of poorer quality. Poorer quality of fruits reduces their market value, which leads to significant economic damage.
Large changes introduced in the sugar beet production technology in the Vojvodina Province over l... more Large changes introduced in the sugar beet production technology in the Vojvodina Province over last 40 years resulted in changes in the etiology and harmfulness of different agents of sugar beet root diseases. Improvements in cultivation practices reduced the harmfulness of some diseases while increased the harmfulness of others. Some disease agents became obsolete, but others gained importance. New agents of root diseases were found. The most frequent damages, persisting over long periods of time were caused by seedling damping-off, Fusarium root rot, charcoal root rot, parasitic (Rhizomania) and non-parasitic root bearding. The parasitic damping-off caused by several fungal species but most frequently by Phoma betae occurred at the time when multigerm seeds were used in combination with extensive cultural practices. The agents of seedling diseases completely lost their significance as the consequence of switching to fungicide - treated monogerm seeds, earlier planting and improve...
Bacterial canker and leaf spot caused by plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas is among the most... more Bacterial canker and leaf spot caused by plant pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas is among the most destructive cherry diseases worldwide. Nowadays in Serbia, sweet cherry production significantly increased and the new plantations, mainly grown from imported planting material are being raised every year. During spring, 2018 and 2019, occurrence of bacterial canker and leaf spot symptoms was observed on a newly planted sweet cherry plantations in two localities, Zitoradja (Southern region) and Karavukovo (Northern region-Vojvodina). Typical P. syringae colonies were isolated on Nutrient Sucrose Agar supplemented with 5% sucrose (NSA). A total of fifteen isolates were selected and identified. Results of the LOPAT test (+---+) determined them to belong to fluorescent Pseudomonas Group Ia, while results of G+A+T-Ta- tests indicate presence of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae. Pathogenicity was confirmed on immature sweet and sour cherry fruitlets by forming of black, sunken lesions for a...
Uploads
Papers