Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes,... more Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes, frequently requires pharmacological treatment with long-term use, suggesting that pattern of use could increase the rates of genetic damage. Among antiobesity drugs, meridia and orlistat act with completely different mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic effect of meridia and orlistat on genetic material of mice by cytogenetic analysis, which included the micronucleus test and chromosomal aberration assay at two doses comparable to propose human therapeutic and double therapeutic doses. Results revealed that the total number of structural chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells, with gap, was significantly increased for the two drugs at therapeutic doses. The structural chromosomal aberrations involved breaks, gaps, deletions and fragments, and centric fusion. Chromosomal deletions and fragments were the most frequently increased types of structural chromosomal aberrations. At double therapeutic doses, the treated animals showed a high significant increase of total structural chromosomal aberrations with and without gaps for the two drugs. The frequency of micronucleus in mice treated with therapeutic doses was significantly increased for both drugs. The treated animals at double therapeutic doses showed a positive response for both drugs. In conclusion, treatment with these two drugs at therapeutic doses should be taken under precaution and contraindicated at double therapeutic doses, because the cytogenetic analysis of meridia and orlistat showed an adverse effect on genetic materials at therapeutic doses and a mutagenic effect at double therapeutic doses.
Drug therapy could be a highly beneficial at some doses, however they are not without deleterious... more Drug therapy could be a highly beneficial at some doses, however they are not without deleterious side effects and may be lethal at higher doses. Achievement of effective and safe therapeutic drugs is the main target of drug discovery. Recently, scientists are working on building a therapeutic regimen that optimizes the efficacy of the therapy while at the same time limiting potential adverse or toxic side effects. Adverse drug reaction includes the consideration, at the fundamental level of organ, cell and molecular function, distribution, metabolism, mode of action, and excretion. Drug side effects may be acute or chronic, and may vary from one organ to another as well as with age, genetics, gender, diet, physiological condition, or the health status of the organism. Among many potential causes of adverse drug reactions, genetic variation is a most important factor in human toxicity since the human population is highly outbred and shows extensive genetic variation. The identificat...
Abstract Background: Mannheimia haemolytica is a pathogenic bacterium for many farm animals and c... more Abstract Background: Mannheimia haemolytica is a pathogenic bacterium for many farm animals and causing Pneumonic mannheimiosis. So, protection of animals to prevent this infection has significant economic value. Aim of the work: Preparing low cost and scalable vaccine able to induce the animal immune system to protect against M. haemolytica infection. Materials and Methods: M. haemolytica strain was isolated and prepared for formalin killed vaccine (FK). Four White New Zealand rabbits (four weeks-old) were vaccinated subcutaneously (S/C) with two doses of FK M. haemolytica (4X109 bacterial cells / dose). The 2nd dose was given after three weeks from the 1st dose. Group 2: injected (S/C) with 2ml sterile PBS and was kept as control group. Challenge with M. haemolytica life organisms (0.5ml of 3.6X1010 / ml) was three week after the 2nd dose of vaccination to the FK vaccinated group and control group. The serum was collected and evaluated by Elisa assay. The results absorption (A) va...
The protective effect of Chitosan in mice treated with Cyclophosphamide has been evaluated in thi... more The protective effect of Chitosan in mice treated with Cyclophosphamide has been evaluated in this study using cytogenetic analysis, DNA fragmentation, biochemical markers and molecular genetic assay. The experimental animals divided into two groups as male and female, each group divided into four subgroups. Two subgroups received saline of 0.5ml/ animal as control. Two subgroups received a single i. p. injection of 50 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in saline for 24 hours as positive control. Two subgroups received Chitosan low dose (15 mg/ kg) for 3 weeks followed by a single i. p. injection of 50 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in saline for 24 hours. Two subgroups received Chitosan high dose (30 mg/ kg) for 3 weeks followed by a single i. p. injection of 50 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in saline for 24 hours. The results of different parameters used confirmed that the treated subgroups (G♂2 and G♀2) with Cyclophosphamide induced significant different in the chromosomal aberration of bone marrow, the fr...
A high number of breeds will be lost in the near future, before their characteristics can be stud... more A high number of breeds will be lost in the near future, before their characteristics can be studied and their potential evaluated. Therefore it is strategically important to preserve farm animal diversity for future generations. We used mtDNA to analyze genetic biodiversity between Italian and Egyptian breeds, gain information on breeds origin in both countries and to improve genetic management for maximizing biodiversity conservation of Italian and Egyptian sheep. A 721 bp fragment of the mtDNA control region (15,540 - 16,261 bp, NC_0019041.1) was amplified and sequenced in a total of 137 unrelated individuals from five sheep breeds (Egyptian Barki, Ossimi and Rahmani and Italian Sarda and Laticauda) and in Italian muflon (Ovis orientalis musimon). A 423 bp fragment excluding a zone rich of tandem repetitions (15,641 - 15,969 bp) was selected. Reference sequences for defining haplogroups were: DQ852286, DQ852287 for A, DQ852285 DQ852282, AF039579 for B, DQ097460, DQ097462, DQ85228...
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes,... more Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes, frequently requires pharmacological treatment with long-term use, suggesting that pattern of use could increase the rates of genetic damage. Among antiobesity drugs, meridia and orlistat act with completely different mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic effect of meridia and orlistat on genetic material of mice by cytogenetic analysis, which included the micronucleus test and chromosomal aberration assay at two doses comparable to propose human therapeutic and double therapeutic doses. Results revealed that the total number of structural chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells, with gap, was significantly increased for the two drugs at therapeutic doses. The structural chromosomal aberrations involved breaks, gaps, deletions and fragments, and centric fusion. Chromosomal deletions and fragments were the most frequently increased types of structural chromosomal aberrations. At double therapeutic doses, the treated animals showed a high significant increase of total structural chromosomal aberrations with and without gaps for the two drugs. The frequency of micronucleus in mice treated with therapeutic doses was significantly increased for both drugs. The treated animals at double therapeutic doses showed a positive response for both drugs. In conclusion, treatment with these two drugs at therapeutic doses should be taken under precaution and contraindicated at double therapeutic doses, because the cytogenetic analysis of meridia and orlistat showed an adverse effect on genetic materials at therapeutic doses and a mutagenic effect at double therapeutic doses.
ABSTRACT Medicinal therapy requires careful assessment of effective treatment offering an accepta... more ABSTRACT Medicinal therapy requires careful assessment of effective treatment offering an acceptable safety over human health. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of walnuts diet on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Comprehensive systems of biochemical markers and genomic screening were used to achieve this task. Experimental animals were divided into four groups (negative and positive control, diabetic group and diabetic group fed on walnuts diet). Diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (STZ) for 3 successive days. Biomarkers assay, gene expression analysis, comet assay, quantitation of DNA fragmentation and micronucleus assay were investigated. The results suggested that walnuts could act as diabetic therapy without adverse effects at metabolic activity and molecular levels in diabetic mice.
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes,... more Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes, frequently requires pharmacological treatment with long-term use, suggesting that pattern of use could increase the rates of genetic damage. Among antiobesity drugs, meridia and orlistat act with completely different mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic effect of meridia and orlistat on genetic material of mice by cytogenetic analysis, which included the micronucleus test and chromosomal aberration assay at two doses comparable to propose human therapeutic and double therapeutic doses. Results revealed that the total number of structural chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells, with gap, was significantly increased for the two drugs at therapeutic doses. The structural chromosomal aberrations involved breaks, gaps, deletions and fragments, and centric fusion. Chromosomal deletions and fragments were the most frequently increased types of structural chromosomal aberrations. At double therapeutic doses, the treated animals showed a high significant increase of total structural chromosomal aberrations with and without gaps for the two drugs. The frequency of micronucleus in mice treated with therapeutic doses was significantly increased for both drugs. The treated animals at double therapeutic doses showed a positive response for both drugs. In conclusion, treatment with these two drugs at therapeutic doses should be taken under precaution and contraindicated at double therapeutic doses, because the cytogenetic analysis of meridia and orlistat showed an adverse effect on genetic materials at therapeutic doses and a mutagenic effect at double therapeutic doses.
Drug therapy could be a highly beneficial at some doses, however they are not without deleterious... more Drug therapy could be a highly beneficial at some doses, however they are not without deleterious side effects and may be lethal at higher doses. Achievement of effective and safe therapeutic drugs is the main target of drug discovery. Recently, scientists are working on building a therapeutic regimen that optimizes the efficacy of the therapy while at the same time limiting potential adverse or toxic side effects. Adverse drug reaction includes the consideration, at the fundamental level of organ, cell and molecular function, distribution, metabolism, mode of action, and excretion. Drug side effects may be acute or chronic, and may vary from one organ to another as well as with age, genetics, gender, diet, physiological condition, or the health status of the organism. Among many potential causes of adverse drug reactions, genetic variation is a most important factor in human toxicity since the human population is highly outbred and shows extensive genetic variation. The identificat...
Abstract Background: Mannheimia haemolytica is a pathogenic bacterium for many farm animals and c... more Abstract Background: Mannheimia haemolytica is a pathogenic bacterium for many farm animals and causing Pneumonic mannheimiosis. So, protection of animals to prevent this infection has significant economic value. Aim of the work: Preparing low cost and scalable vaccine able to induce the animal immune system to protect against M. haemolytica infection. Materials and Methods: M. haemolytica strain was isolated and prepared for formalin killed vaccine (FK). Four White New Zealand rabbits (four weeks-old) were vaccinated subcutaneously (S/C) with two doses of FK M. haemolytica (4X109 bacterial cells / dose). The 2nd dose was given after three weeks from the 1st dose. Group 2: injected (S/C) with 2ml sterile PBS and was kept as control group. Challenge with M. haemolytica life organisms (0.5ml of 3.6X1010 / ml) was three week after the 2nd dose of vaccination to the FK vaccinated group and control group. The serum was collected and evaluated by Elisa assay. The results absorption (A) va...
The protective effect of Chitosan in mice treated with Cyclophosphamide has been evaluated in thi... more The protective effect of Chitosan in mice treated with Cyclophosphamide has been evaluated in this study using cytogenetic analysis, DNA fragmentation, biochemical markers and molecular genetic assay. The experimental animals divided into two groups as male and female, each group divided into four subgroups. Two subgroups received saline of 0.5ml/ animal as control. Two subgroups received a single i. p. injection of 50 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in saline for 24 hours as positive control. Two subgroups received Chitosan low dose (15 mg/ kg) for 3 weeks followed by a single i. p. injection of 50 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in saline for 24 hours. Two subgroups received Chitosan high dose (30 mg/ kg) for 3 weeks followed by a single i. p. injection of 50 mg/kg Cyclophosphamide in saline for 24 hours. The results of different parameters used confirmed that the treated subgroups (G♂2 and G♀2) with Cyclophosphamide induced significant different in the chromosomal aberration of bone marrow, the fr...
A high number of breeds will be lost in the near future, before their characteristics can be stud... more A high number of breeds will be lost in the near future, before their characteristics can be studied and their potential evaluated. Therefore it is strategically important to preserve farm animal diversity for future generations. We used mtDNA to analyze genetic biodiversity between Italian and Egyptian breeds, gain information on breeds origin in both countries and to improve genetic management for maximizing biodiversity conservation of Italian and Egyptian sheep. A 721 bp fragment of the mtDNA control region (15,540 - 16,261 bp, NC_0019041.1) was amplified and sequenced in a total of 137 unrelated individuals from five sheep breeds (Egyptian Barki, Ossimi and Rahmani and Italian Sarda and Laticauda) and in Italian muflon (Ovis orientalis musimon). A 423 bp fragment excluding a zone rich of tandem repetitions (15,641 - 15,969 bp) was selected. Reference sequences for defining haplogroups were: DQ852286, DQ852287 for A, DQ852285 DQ852282, AF039579 for B, DQ097460, DQ097462, DQ85228...
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes,... more Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease that, similarly to high blood pressure and diabetes, frequently requires pharmacological treatment with long-term use, suggesting that pattern of use could increase the rates of genetic damage. Among antiobesity drugs, meridia and orlistat act with completely different mechanisms of action. This study aimed to evaluate the mutagenic effect of meridia and orlistat on genetic material of mice by cytogenetic analysis, which included the micronucleus test and chromosomal aberration assay at two doses comparable to propose human therapeutic and double therapeutic doses. Results revealed that the total number of structural chromosomal aberrations in bone marrow cells, with gap, was significantly increased for the two drugs at therapeutic doses. The structural chromosomal aberrations involved breaks, gaps, deletions and fragments, and centric fusion. Chromosomal deletions and fragments were the most frequently increased types of structural chromosomal aberrations. At double therapeutic doses, the treated animals showed a high significant increase of total structural chromosomal aberrations with and without gaps for the two drugs. The frequency of micronucleus in mice treated with therapeutic doses was significantly increased for both drugs. The treated animals at double therapeutic doses showed a positive response for both drugs. In conclusion, treatment with these two drugs at therapeutic doses should be taken under precaution and contraindicated at double therapeutic doses, because the cytogenetic analysis of meridia and orlistat showed an adverse effect on genetic materials at therapeutic doses and a mutagenic effect at double therapeutic doses.
ABSTRACT Medicinal therapy requires careful assessment of effective treatment offering an accepta... more ABSTRACT Medicinal therapy requires careful assessment of effective treatment offering an acceptable safety over human health. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of walnuts diet on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Comprehensive systems of biochemical markers and genomic screening were used to achieve this task. Experimental animals were divided into four groups (negative and positive control, diabetic group and diabetic group fed on walnuts diet). Diabetes was induced by i.p. injection of streptozotocin (STZ) for 3 successive days. Biomarkers assay, gene expression analysis, comet assay, quantitation of DNA fragmentation and micronucleus assay were investigated. The results suggested that walnuts could act as diabetic therapy without adverse effects at metabolic activity and molecular levels in diabetic mice.
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