Publisher Summary Iterated function systems can be used to produce a representation of complex im... more Publisher Summary Iterated function systems can be used to produce a representation of complex images. It has been recently shown that visual representation of the structure of long (2-100 K) sequences by reversing the iterated function system (IFS) technique can be produced, using a fixed set of affine maps and having map selection controlled by the sequence. The resulting Chaos Game Representation (CGR) is a 1-1 map between plotted points and subsequences. Non-uniformity of the distribution of subsequences produces non-uniformity in the CGR. The CGR is a picture of the sequence, often with visually striking features corresponding to sets of subsequences. This chapter presents the technique, several examples using DNA sequences as examples of nonrandom sequences whose structure is of great independent interest, algorithms for approximating arbitrarily closely subsequences corresponding to observable features of the CGR, and a description of a program based on these algorithms useful for exploring features of CGRs. Finally, several extensions to the basic CGR algorithm are proposed.
PETER G. OSSORIO’S PLACE IS AN EXTRAORDINARILY valuable treatment of the central issues in social... more PETER G. OSSORIO’S PLACE IS AN EXTRAORDINARILY valuable treatment of the central issues in social psychology: person in society, influence of community and culture on behavior, cultural relativity of worlds, social construction, identity, social interaction, cross-cultural interaction and the limitations thereof, identity, choice in the face of conflicting motivations by persons who simultaneously are members of many distinct cultures (ethnic, religious, national, work, family, etc.). It is an invaluable resource for researchers and teachers in any of the social or psychological disciplines. Place is something we have never had before: A systematic, comprehensive articulation of the core concepts of the social sciences: person, behavior, and the world, and aspects of those concepts, such as reasons, motivation, and the interaction of person and community. For many readers with a background in the social sciences, it can also be extremely difficult. Not, however, for any of the usual reasons; the exposition is clear, the writing straightforward, the concepts not unusual, abstruse, or technical. It is difficult because it is a kind of work that is relatively rare in the field: conceptual analysis. Specifically, it is a careful, in-depth, precise elucidation of what we mean by the words that define psychology, including social psychology:
... J. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE 147 1991; 14:147153 Human Systems Analysis in the Software Engineering Cu... more ... J. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE 147 1991; 14:147153 Human Systems Analysis in the Software Engineering Curriculum H. Joel Jeffrey Computer ... 3. PG Ossorio, Outline of Descriptive Psychology for Personality Theory and Clinical Applications, in Ad vances in Descriptive Psychology ...
The central concept of Brooks' classic paper, “No Silver Bullet,” is that the hard part of b... more The central concept of Brooks' classic paper, “No Silver Bullet,” is that the hard part of building software is the specification, design, and testing of the conceptual construct that comprises the essence of software. The purpose of this article is fourfold: (1) to develop a formal conceptual framework for representing all aspects of a client organization, including those that have traditionally not been addressed formally, such as “culture,” “values,” “concepts,” and perspective; (2) to use this framework to gain a more detailed understanding of Brooks' essential difficulty, including a better understanding of the sources of conceptual errors, particularly in the requirements definition phase; (3) to show that Brooks' essential difficulty is inextricably involved with a second essential difficulty, namely, that the computer system is built by one group of people, for another group of people, who differ from them in at least one, usually very important, way, including their work activities, language, the fundamental concpets that define their work and what it is about, and the principles that form the basis for their choices in their work; and (4) to present Outside-In Development, a methodology for addressing these intertwined essential difficulties.
... H. Joel Jeffrey ... behavior. And the psychologists, sociologists, and an-thropologists all t... more ... H. Joel Jeffrey ... behavior. And the psychologists, sociologists, and an-thropologists all tell us that economic factors alone are not sufficient to describe and explain human be-havior (see Abelson [1996], Ossorio [1981], Putman [1981], and Spradley [1979]). ...
Behavioral finance depends intimately on the notion of subjective probability, which has been uni... more Behavioral finance depends intimately on the notion of subjective probability, which has been universally treated as one of the two forms of probability. A substantial body of work and recent experimental results show conclusively that this approach is invalid: subjective and objective probabilities cannot be treated as two sides of the same coin. This raises serious questions about calculations based on that assumption, decisions based on those calculations, and what to do if assigning numerical values and calculating expected values based on subjective probabilities is invalid. This paper presents a radical re-formulation of subjective probability, showing that what have been called “subjective probabilities” are properly formulated as uncertainty appraisals, re-descriptions of states of affairs carrying tautological implications for action. A novel formulation of the decision maker's field-of-view, based on the concept of Actor, Observer, and Critic roles, combined with the uncertainty appraisal formulation, is used to develop new methods for evaluating data, finding patterns in data, and integrating probabilities and uncertainty appraisals, that is, those aspects that have, until now, been called “subjective probabilities.”
Clarifying and defining client expectations is one of the most difficult and important parts of t... more Clarifying and defining client expectations is one of the most difficult and important parts of the requirements definition process. Finding out and then prioritizing functional and nonfunctional requirements remains ambiguous and error prone. This article presents an approach that ...
... 12. Square not corresponding to a single subsequence. 32 H. JOEL JEFFREY screen list. ... 5. ... more ... 12. Square not corresponding to a single subsequence. 32 H. JOEL JEFFREY screen list. ... 5. PG Ossorio, "'What Actually Happens"--The Repre-sentation of Real World Phenomena, University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC ( 1978). ...
... H. Joel Jeffrey Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 6011... more ... H. Joel Jeffrey Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 jeffrey@cs.niu.edu ... Entity specifications are based on the “representation formats” of PG Ossorio, the Object Unit, Process Unit, and State of Affairs Unit [3]. Representation formats ...
Publisher Summary Iterated function systems can be used to produce a representation of complex im... more Publisher Summary Iterated function systems can be used to produce a representation of complex images. It has been recently shown that visual representation of the structure of long (2-100 K) sequences by reversing the iterated function system (IFS) technique can be produced, using a fixed set of affine maps and having map selection controlled by the sequence. The resulting Chaos Game Representation (CGR) is a 1-1 map between plotted points and subsequences. Non-uniformity of the distribution of subsequences produces non-uniformity in the CGR. The CGR is a picture of the sequence, often with visually striking features corresponding to sets of subsequences. This chapter presents the technique, several examples using DNA sequences as examples of nonrandom sequences whose structure is of great independent interest, algorithms for approximating arbitrarily closely subsequences corresponding to observable features of the CGR, and a description of a program based on these algorithms useful for exploring features of CGRs. Finally, several extensions to the basic CGR algorithm are proposed.
PETER G. OSSORIO’S PLACE IS AN EXTRAORDINARILY valuable treatment of the central issues in social... more PETER G. OSSORIO’S PLACE IS AN EXTRAORDINARILY valuable treatment of the central issues in social psychology: person in society, influence of community and culture on behavior, cultural relativity of worlds, social construction, identity, social interaction, cross-cultural interaction and the limitations thereof, identity, choice in the face of conflicting motivations by persons who simultaneously are members of many distinct cultures (ethnic, religious, national, work, family, etc.). It is an invaluable resource for researchers and teachers in any of the social or psychological disciplines. Place is something we have never had before: A systematic, comprehensive articulation of the core concepts of the social sciences: person, behavior, and the world, and aspects of those concepts, such as reasons, motivation, and the interaction of person and community. For many readers with a background in the social sciences, it can also be extremely difficult. Not, however, for any of the usual reasons; the exposition is clear, the writing straightforward, the concepts not unusual, abstruse, or technical. It is difficult because it is a kind of work that is relatively rare in the field: conceptual analysis. Specifically, it is a careful, in-depth, precise elucidation of what we mean by the words that define psychology, including social psychology:
... J. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE 147 1991; 14:147153 Human Systems Analysis in the Software Engineering Cu... more ... J. SYSTEMS SOFTWARE 147 1991; 14:147153 Human Systems Analysis in the Software Engineering Curriculum H. Joel Jeffrey Computer ... 3. PG Ossorio, Outline of Descriptive Psychology for Personality Theory and Clinical Applications, in Ad vances in Descriptive Psychology ...
The central concept of Brooks' classic paper, “No Silver Bullet,” is that the hard part of b... more The central concept of Brooks' classic paper, “No Silver Bullet,” is that the hard part of building software is the specification, design, and testing of the conceptual construct that comprises the essence of software. The purpose of this article is fourfold: (1) to develop a formal conceptual framework for representing all aspects of a client organization, including those that have traditionally not been addressed formally, such as “culture,” “values,” “concepts,” and perspective; (2) to use this framework to gain a more detailed understanding of Brooks' essential difficulty, including a better understanding of the sources of conceptual errors, particularly in the requirements definition phase; (3) to show that Brooks' essential difficulty is inextricably involved with a second essential difficulty, namely, that the computer system is built by one group of people, for another group of people, who differ from them in at least one, usually very important, way, including their work activities, language, the fundamental concpets that define their work and what it is about, and the principles that form the basis for their choices in their work; and (4) to present Outside-In Development, a methodology for addressing these intertwined essential difficulties.
... H. Joel Jeffrey ... behavior. And the psychologists, sociologists, and an-thropologists all t... more ... H. Joel Jeffrey ... behavior. And the psychologists, sociologists, and an-thropologists all tell us that economic factors alone are not sufficient to describe and explain human be-havior (see Abelson [1996], Ossorio [1981], Putman [1981], and Spradley [1979]). ...
Behavioral finance depends intimately on the notion of subjective probability, which has been uni... more Behavioral finance depends intimately on the notion of subjective probability, which has been universally treated as one of the two forms of probability. A substantial body of work and recent experimental results show conclusively that this approach is invalid: subjective and objective probabilities cannot be treated as two sides of the same coin. This raises serious questions about calculations based on that assumption, decisions based on those calculations, and what to do if assigning numerical values and calculating expected values based on subjective probabilities is invalid. This paper presents a radical re-formulation of subjective probability, showing that what have been called “subjective probabilities” are properly formulated as uncertainty appraisals, re-descriptions of states of affairs carrying tautological implications for action. A novel formulation of the decision maker's field-of-view, based on the concept of Actor, Observer, and Critic roles, combined with the uncertainty appraisal formulation, is used to develop new methods for evaluating data, finding patterns in data, and integrating probabilities and uncertainty appraisals, that is, those aspects that have, until now, been called “subjective probabilities.”
Clarifying and defining client expectations is one of the most difficult and important parts of t... more Clarifying and defining client expectations is one of the most difficult and important parts of the requirements definition process. Finding out and then prioritizing functional and nonfunctional requirements remains ambiguous and error prone. This article presents an approach that ...
... 12. Square not corresponding to a single subsequence. 32 H. JOEL JEFFREY screen list. ... 5. ... more ... 12. Square not corresponding to a single subsequence. 32 H. JOEL JEFFREY screen list. ... 5. PG Ossorio, "'What Actually Happens"--The Repre-sentation of Real World Phenomena, University of South Carolina Press, Columbia, SC ( 1978). ...
... H. Joel Jeffrey Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 6011... more ... H. Joel Jeffrey Department of Computer Science, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115 jeffrey@cs.niu.edu ... Entity specifications are based on the “representation formats” of PG Ossorio, the Object Unit, Process Unit, and State of Affairs Unit [3]. Representation formats ...
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