José Antonio García-Lorente
Profesor Titular de Universidad, en el Departamento de Filosofía, Facultad de Filosofía, Universidad de Murcia (web: https://webs.um.es/garcia-lorente/).
Codirector del Seminario permanente de investigación en Filosofía, del Grupo de investigación Noesis en la Universidad de Murcia (web: https://www.um.es/noesis/).
Associate Professor (Faculty of Philosophy, University of Murcia).
Co-director of the Permanent Research Seminar on Aristotle of the Nóesis Research Group (Faculty of Philosophy, University of Murcia).
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-9194
Address: José Antonio García-Lorente
Departamento de Filosofía
Facultad de Filosofía
Universidad de Murcia
E-30100 Murcia (España)
Personal web: http://webs.um.es/garcia-lorente/
Codirector del Seminario permanente de investigación en Filosofía, del Grupo de investigación Noesis en la Universidad de Murcia (web: https://www.um.es/noesis/).
Associate Professor (Faculty of Philosophy, University of Murcia).
Co-director of the Permanent Research Seminar on Aristotle of the Nóesis Research Group (Faculty of Philosophy, University of Murcia).
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2519-9194
Address: José Antonio García-Lorente
Departamento de Filosofía
Facultad de Filosofía
Universidad de Murcia
E-30100 Murcia (España)
Personal web: http://webs.um.es/garcia-lorente/
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Papers by José Antonio García-Lorente
En este trabajo se presenta una interpretación sobre la célebre distinción entre el intelecto activo y el intelecto pasivo en De anima III, 5, a partir de "otra modesta propuesta". Para ello, se expone el núcleo fundamental de esa reciente propuesta, que identifica el intelecto activo con el hábito de los principios y con el contenido de los primeros principios. A continuación, se ponen de manifiesto algunas objeciones a dicha interpretación y, finalmente, se analizan las notas o características del intelecto activo presentes en el texto de Aristóteles. El propósito de este artículo consiste en mostrar una posible comprensión del intelecto activo de Aristóteles, con la intención de que se convierta en "otra aún más modesta propuesta".
Abstract:
The object of this paper is to present an interpretation of the well-known distinction between the active intellect and the passive intellect in De anima III, 5 using as a basis a previous article entitled “a modest proposal.” To achieve this aim, I will expound on the fundamental nucleus of that recent proposal, which identifies the active intellect with the habit of principles and with the content of the first principles. I will then point out certain objections to the aforementioned interpretation. Finally, I will provide an analysis of the marks or characteristics of the active intellect in the text of Aristotle. The purpose of this article is to offer a possible understanding of the active intellect of Aristotle, with the intention that it may become “another even more modest proposal”.
Palabras clave: Aristóteles; metafísica; Platón; posmodernidad; posverdad.
Abstract: This study presents the eclipse of metaphysics in the 21st century. To this purpose, it exposes the fundamental nucleus of the metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle, which supposes the origin and foundation of what has come to be known as metaphysics. This article then proceeds to examine the pillars upon which the decline of metaphysics is based, beginning with the context of the postmodern era. Finally, it examines whether metaphysics is undeniable, i.e., whether it can be rejected, given the motivations of a post-metaphysical culture. The object of this investigation consists in demonstrating whether it is possible to continue doing metaphysics in the present day, the age of post-truth era.
Key-words: Aristotle; metaphysics; Plato; postmodernity; post-truth.
This article presents an analysis of Aristotle’s teleology, based on chapter 10 of book Lambda in Metaphysics. In order to do so, the author compiles the main interpretations of specialists from antiquity up to the present day, thereby establishing a thorough and detailed status quaestionis. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate Aristotle’s concept of finality and its relation with the universe, in order to propose an interpretation of Lambda 10 capable of explaining natural and cosmic teleology.
that we should philosophize can withstand
the claims of the neo-pragmatism of Richard
Rorty. I examine the value of the Aristotelian text
in order to shed some light on whether and to
what extent it makes sense to philosophize today.
En este texto se presentan las bases éticas de la reciente corriente denominada psicología positiva y su relación con la filosofía práctica de Aristóteles. Para ello, se analizan los conceptos de felicidad y virtud, estableciendo una correspondencia entre la teoría de la felicidad de la psicología positiva y la ética aristotélica. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en mostrar la rehabilitación de una ética basada en la virtud, a través de una de las corrientes más influyentes en nuestro tiempo.
Abstract
This paper presents the ethical basis of the recent tendency known as Positive Psychology and its relationship with Aristotle’s practical philosophy. To this effect, an analysis of the concepts of happiness and virtue is carried out to link the happiness theory of Positive Psychology to Aristotelian ethics. The aim of this work is to show the recovery of virtue-based ethics by means of one of the most influential modern-day tendencies.
Abstract: This article presents an analysis of the thesis in favor of and against the early chronology of the book Lambda of the Metaphysics, to determine if its composition corresponds to an early or late stage with respect to the rest of the works of the Corpus aristotelicum. This paper shows and evaluates the main arguments that defend an early chronology of the Aristotelian text, and those that point towards a late chronology. As a result, a new line of argumentation is developed which suggests a late or even a very late composition of the book Lambda, which goes against the current “official” interpretation of the academy.
fundamentales de Zeta que han dado lugar a interpretar la forma en términos de particularidad o universalidad. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en mostrar si la forma en Aristóteles es particular, es decir, única y peculiar, o es universal, es decir, común y compartida por varios individuos.
Abstract: This paper examines the status of form in the book Zeta of the Metaphysics from the perspective of contemporary debates. For this purpose, the paper discusses critical passages that led to the interpretation of Aristotelian forms in terms of particularity or universality. The aim is to determine if form in Aristotle is particular, i.e. unique and peculiar, or universal, i.e. common and shared by several individuals.
Abstract: Aristotle argues in favour of the law of contradiction, based on the thesis stated in Met. Γ 4, 1006a 29-30. The problem facing us is the difficulty in the understanding and translation of that sentence. This paper analyses the three main translations given within Aristotelian scholarship. It concludes that two of them are hardly acceptable for philolog-ical reasons and clearly objectionable given the context of discourse and its philosophical sense. Finally, a new translation is proposed and the sense of the Aristotelian thesis clarified.
como ciencia de los principios y de las causas primeras según el libro primero de la
Metafísica. Para ello, se distinguen tres momentos sucesivos que constituyen el análisis
de la naturaleza y la meta que debe alcanzar esta ciencia: 1) la concepción de la sabiduría como ciencia que se ocupa de ciertos principios y causas; 2) la sabiduría
como ciencia de los primeros principios y de las causas; 3) la determinación de las cuatro causas primeras como tarea de la filosofía primera. De este modo, se pretende mostrar que la Metafísica de Aristóteles es un intento para explicar las últimas cuestiones, el último porqué, indicando cuatro géneros diferentes de respuesta.
Abstract: This paper pretends to show the aristotelian conception of the first philosophy as the science of the principles and the first causes according to the first book of the Metaphysics. In order to do this, three successive moments are distinguished which constitute the analysis of the nature and the goal that this science must attained: 1) the conception of wisdom as a science that deals with certain principles and causes; 2) wisdom as a science of first principles and causes; 3) the determination of the four first causes as a task of the first philosophy. In this way, the aim of this work is to show that the Metaphysics of Aristotle is an attempt to explain the ultimate questions, the ultimate why, indicating four different genera of answer.
universal religion.
Abstract: This article first presents the aristotelian criticism of the conception of God as Esse ipsum subsistens in Thomas Aquinas, through one of the most important aristotelian philosophers today, Enrico Berti. Then the answer offered by the thomist Stephen L. Brock in his defense of the ipsum esse is set forth, with reference to the recent disputes regarding this issue in the so-called «analytical thomism». The aim is to determine the status of the recent debate between aristotelians and thomists regarding the question of God as Esse ipsum subsistens, in order to ascertain whether the historical incompatibility between the two metaphysical conceptions is to be considered definitive.
existencia. Aquí se explica cuál es el objeto propio de la Metafísica de Aristóteles, para
aclarar si es necesario invocar a Dios cuando se quiere justificar la existencia del universo.
El libro de José Antonio García-Lorente es principalmente una reconstrucción atenta y cuidadosa de la filosofía de Richard Rorty y, en particular, de su crítica a la verdad y a la metafísica. Pero la intención del libro no es sólo histórica, o sea, expositiva, sino filosófica, es decir, crítica. Se trata de una crítica que definiría de tipo “clásico”, porque –según la costumbre de la antigua dialéctica griega– retuerce contra Rorty las mismas objeciones por él dirigidas a la concepción clásica de la verdad y de la metafísica; objeciones que, además, él mismo había dirigido a cuantos le habían precedido en la crítica a la metafísica.
Esta obra se presenta como una de las más agudas críticas a la filosofía posmoderna que se puedan encontrar hoy. Como signo de coraje, de inteligencia y de libertad de pensamiento, este trabajo merece ser apreciado.
Abstract: Richard Rorty, a representative of American neopragmatism, carries out a critique of the conception of knowledge as exact representation of reality to show that this idea does not work. The neopragmatist vision, characterized as «epistemological behaviourism», reduces knowledge to an instrument useful for conversation, with the objective of arriving at unforced agreements. In this present work the neopragmatist treatment of knowledge is presented, in order to analyse the internal consistency of neopragmatism or of epistemological behaviourism.
elabora una crítica al concepto filosófico de verdad como correspondencia. La conclusión del neopragmatismo de Rorty es que la idea de la verdad como correspondencia entre el lenguaje y los hechos no puede hacerse efectiva porque ya no funciona. La concepción neopragmatista de la verdad señala los únicos usos del término verdadero, centrándose en la idea de la justificación. En este trabajo se presenta la concepción neopragmatista de la verdad, para analizar la propia consistencia interna del neopragmatismo respecto a la noción filosófica de verdad.
Abstract: Richard Rorty, one of the most influential authors of our time, presents
a critique of the philosophical concept of truth as correspondence. The conclusion of
Rorty’s neopragmatism is that the idea of truth as correspondence between language and facts is ineffective because it no longer works. The neopragmatist conception of truth indicates the only possible uses for the term «truthful,» revolving around the idea of justification. In this article, the neopragmatist notion of truth is presented in order to analyse neopragmatism’s own internal consistency with respect to the philosophical notion of truth.
Abstract: This article attempts to show how postmodernity comes from doctrines originating in the «linguistic revolution». The thinkers of the 19th century German tradition —who are included in the socalled «Triple-H theory»— wanted to shift the line of argument from reason to language. The presupposition of the primacy of language will be presumed by the prophet of postmodernism, Nietzsche, thus making possible the dawning of postmodernity. Postmodernity will accept unquestionably the shift from the universal and absolute to the particular and relative.
Talks by José Antonio García-Lorente
En este trabajo se presenta una interpretación sobre la célebre distinción entre el intelecto activo y el intelecto pasivo en De anima III, 5, a partir de "otra modesta propuesta". Para ello, se expone el núcleo fundamental de esa reciente propuesta, que identifica el intelecto activo con el hábito de los principios y con el contenido de los primeros principios. A continuación, se ponen de manifiesto algunas objeciones a dicha interpretación y, finalmente, se analizan las notas o características del intelecto activo presentes en el texto de Aristóteles. El propósito de este artículo consiste en mostrar una posible comprensión del intelecto activo de Aristóteles, con la intención de que se convierta en "otra aún más modesta propuesta".
Abstract:
The object of this paper is to present an interpretation of the well-known distinction between the active intellect and the passive intellect in De anima III, 5 using as a basis a previous article entitled “a modest proposal.” To achieve this aim, I will expound on the fundamental nucleus of that recent proposal, which identifies the active intellect with the habit of principles and with the content of the first principles. I will then point out certain objections to the aforementioned interpretation. Finally, I will provide an analysis of the marks or characteristics of the active intellect in the text of Aristotle. The purpose of this article is to offer a possible understanding of the active intellect of Aristotle, with the intention that it may become “another even more modest proposal”.
Palabras clave: Aristóteles; metafísica; Platón; posmodernidad; posverdad.
Abstract: This study presents the eclipse of metaphysics in the 21st century. To this purpose, it exposes the fundamental nucleus of the metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle, which supposes the origin and foundation of what has come to be known as metaphysics. This article then proceeds to examine the pillars upon which the decline of metaphysics is based, beginning with the context of the postmodern era. Finally, it examines whether metaphysics is undeniable, i.e., whether it can be rejected, given the motivations of a post-metaphysical culture. The object of this investigation consists in demonstrating whether it is possible to continue doing metaphysics in the present day, the age of post-truth era.
Key-words: Aristotle; metaphysics; Plato; postmodernity; post-truth.
This article presents an analysis of Aristotle’s teleology, based on chapter 10 of book Lambda in Metaphysics. In order to do so, the author compiles the main interpretations of specialists from antiquity up to the present day, thereby establishing a thorough and detailed status quaestionis. The purpose of this article is to demonstrate Aristotle’s concept of finality and its relation with the universe, in order to propose an interpretation of Lambda 10 capable of explaining natural and cosmic teleology.
that we should philosophize can withstand
the claims of the neo-pragmatism of Richard
Rorty. I examine the value of the Aristotelian text
in order to shed some light on whether and to
what extent it makes sense to philosophize today.
En este texto se presentan las bases éticas de la reciente corriente denominada psicología positiva y su relación con la filosofía práctica de Aristóteles. Para ello, se analizan los conceptos de felicidad y virtud, estableciendo una correspondencia entre la teoría de la felicidad de la psicología positiva y la ética aristotélica. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en mostrar la rehabilitación de una ética basada en la virtud, a través de una de las corrientes más influyentes en nuestro tiempo.
Abstract
This paper presents the ethical basis of the recent tendency known as Positive Psychology and its relationship with Aristotle’s practical philosophy. To this effect, an analysis of the concepts of happiness and virtue is carried out to link the happiness theory of Positive Psychology to Aristotelian ethics. The aim of this work is to show the recovery of virtue-based ethics by means of one of the most influential modern-day tendencies.
Abstract: This article presents an analysis of the thesis in favor of and against the early chronology of the book Lambda of the Metaphysics, to determine if its composition corresponds to an early or late stage with respect to the rest of the works of the Corpus aristotelicum. This paper shows and evaluates the main arguments that defend an early chronology of the Aristotelian text, and those that point towards a late chronology. As a result, a new line of argumentation is developed which suggests a late or even a very late composition of the book Lambda, which goes against the current “official” interpretation of the academy.
fundamentales de Zeta que han dado lugar a interpretar la forma en términos de particularidad o universalidad. El propósito de este trabajo consiste en mostrar si la forma en Aristóteles es particular, es decir, única y peculiar, o es universal, es decir, común y compartida por varios individuos.
Abstract: This paper examines the status of form in the book Zeta of the Metaphysics from the perspective of contemporary debates. For this purpose, the paper discusses critical passages that led to the interpretation of Aristotelian forms in terms of particularity or universality. The aim is to determine if form in Aristotle is particular, i.e. unique and peculiar, or universal, i.e. common and shared by several individuals.
Abstract: Aristotle argues in favour of the law of contradiction, based on the thesis stated in Met. Γ 4, 1006a 29-30. The problem facing us is the difficulty in the understanding and translation of that sentence. This paper analyses the three main translations given within Aristotelian scholarship. It concludes that two of them are hardly acceptable for philolog-ical reasons and clearly objectionable given the context of discourse and its philosophical sense. Finally, a new translation is proposed and the sense of the Aristotelian thesis clarified.
como ciencia de los principios y de las causas primeras según el libro primero de la
Metafísica. Para ello, se distinguen tres momentos sucesivos que constituyen el análisis
de la naturaleza y la meta que debe alcanzar esta ciencia: 1) la concepción de la sabiduría como ciencia que se ocupa de ciertos principios y causas; 2) la sabiduría
como ciencia de los primeros principios y de las causas; 3) la determinación de las cuatro causas primeras como tarea de la filosofía primera. De este modo, se pretende mostrar que la Metafísica de Aristóteles es un intento para explicar las últimas cuestiones, el último porqué, indicando cuatro géneros diferentes de respuesta.
Abstract: This paper pretends to show the aristotelian conception of the first philosophy as the science of the principles and the first causes according to the first book of the Metaphysics. In order to do this, three successive moments are distinguished which constitute the analysis of the nature and the goal that this science must attained: 1) the conception of wisdom as a science that deals with certain principles and causes; 2) wisdom as a science of first principles and causes; 3) the determination of the four first causes as a task of the first philosophy. In this way, the aim of this work is to show that the Metaphysics of Aristotle is an attempt to explain the ultimate questions, the ultimate why, indicating four different genera of answer.
universal religion.
Abstract: This article first presents the aristotelian criticism of the conception of God as Esse ipsum subsistens in Thomas Aquinas, through one of the most important aristotelian philosophers today, Enrico Berti. Then the answer offered by the thomist Stephen L. Brock in his defense of the ipsum esse is set forth, with reference to the recent disputes regarding this issue in the so-called «analytical thomism». The aim is to determine the status of the recent debate between aristotelians and thomists regarding the question of God as Esse ipsum subsistens, in order to ascertain whether the historical incompatibility between the two metaphysical conceptions is to be considered definitive.
existencia. Aquí se explica cuál es el objeto propio de la Metafísica de Aristóteles, para
aclarar si es necesario invocar a Dios cuando se quiere justificar la existencia del universo.
El libro de José Antonio García-Lorente es principalmente una reconstrucción atenta y cuidadosa de la filosofía de Richard Rorty y, en particular, de su crítica a la verdad y a la metafísica. Pero la intención del libro no es sólo histórica, o sea, expositiva, sino filosófica, es decir, crítica. Se trata de una crítica que definiría de tipo “clásico”, porque –según la costumbre de la antigua dialéctica griega– retuerce contra Rorty las mismas objeciones por él dirigidas a la concepción clásica de la verdad y de la metafísica; objeciones que, además, él mismo había dirigido a cuantos le habían precedido en la crítica a la metafísica.
Esta obra se presenta como una de las más agudas críticas a la filosofía posmoderna que se puedan encontrar hoy. Como signo de coraje, de inteligencia y de libertad de pensamiento, este trabajo merece ser apreciado.
Abstract: Richard Rorty, a representative of American neopragmatism, carries out a critique of the conception of knowledge as exact representation of reality to show that this idea does not work. The neopragmatist vision, characterized as «epistemological behaviourism», reduces knowledge to an instrument useful for conversation, with the objective of arriving at unforced agreements. In this present work the neopragmatist treatment of knowledge is presented, in order to analyse the internal consistency of neopragmatism or of epistemological behaviourism.
elabora una crítica al concepto filosófico de verdad como correspondencia. La conclusión del neopragmatismo de Rorty es que la idea de la verdad como correspondencia entre el lenguaje y los hechos no puede hacerse efectiva porque ya no funciona. La concepción neopragmatista de la verdad señala los únicos usos del término verdadero, centrándose en la idea de la justificación. En este trabajo se presenta la concepción neopragmatista de la verdad, para analizar la propia consistencia interna del neopragmatismo respecto a la noción filosófica de verdad.
Abstract: Richard Rorty, one of the most influential authors of our time, presents
a critique of the philosophical concept of truth as correspondence. The conclusion of
Rorty’s neopragmatism is that the idea of truth as correspondence between language and facts is ineffective because it no longer works. The neopragmatist conception of truth indicates the only possible uses for the term «truthful,» revolving around the idea of justification. In this article, the neopragmatist notion of truth is presented in order to analyse neopragmatism’s own internal consistency with respect to the philosophical notion of truth.
Abstract: This article attempts to show how postmodernity comes from doctrines originating in the «linguistic revolution». The thinkers of the 19th century German tradition —who are included in the socalled «Triple-H theory»— wanted to shift the line of argument from reason to language. The presupposition of the primacy of language will be presumed by the prophet of postmodernism, Nietzsche, thus making possible the dawning of postmodernity. Postmodernity will accept unquestionably the shift from the universal and absolute to the particular and relative.