Tourism and gender-based violence: challenging inequalities
Tourism and hospitality scholars have been studying the prevalence of trafficking in human beings... more Tourism and hospitality scholars have been studying the prevalence of trafficking in human beings in the context of travel and tourism, particularly in the framework of sex tourism. However, a legal perspective is currently underexplored, especially one that reflects a human rights-based approach. The present chapter contributes such an approach. To do so it considers the existing international legal instruments and the legal obligations that derive from them and which states have committed to fulfil. To clarify the content of those obligations the chapter takes into account the findings and recommendations of human rights monitoring bodies, as well as existing soft law instruments, mostly from the field of business and human rights, that may have the potential to develop into hard law. Furthermore, it looks at corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives undertaken in the private sector, which complement hard and soft law and offer the tourism industry valuable tools to addres...
Taking into account the strategic importance of education for the economic and social welfare, as... more Taking into account the strategic importance of education for the economic and social welfare, as well as the origins and meaning of the right to education in international human rights law, this paper examines the relevance of the right to the UAE and analyses the key elements that emerge from the UAE's engagement with the UN treaty bodies and special procedures, specifically, the Committee on the Rights of the Child, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Special Rapporteurs on racism and on the sale of children. Moreover, outlining the meaning of the dialogue undertaken by UN human rights bodies, its significance for promoting the role of the UAE in the international community and its relevance for advancing UAE education in a range of spheres, this paper examines their recommendations and suggests pathways towards enhancing dialogue and adopting a rights-based approach to education in the UAE.
Human rights education and training (HRE) has been gaining greater momentum since the 1990s, emer... more Human rights education and training (HRE) has been gaining greater momentum since the 1990s, emerging as a human right and setting the framework for relevant state obligations through hard law and soft law instruments. As such, it has been clearly articulated in the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Education and Training (2011). In the GCC, where the project of modernizing education set off only in the 1950s, states have only recently started engaging with international human rights law in a more meaningful fashion. In this context, the development of human rights education has been facing a number of challenges. The paper explores the emergence of the right to human rights education in the GCC, outlining its origins and meaning in international human rights law. It also studies the implementation of the right in the six GCC states, examining their HRE obligations, as identified and articulated by treaty-based and Charter-based bodies through the monitoring process. To con...
This research paper identifies and explores the challenges and barriers that Arab women in the Un... more This research paper identifies and explores the challenges and barriers that Arab women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) face in their careers. Primary data was collected via an interview process involving 12 Arab women who reside and work in senior decision making positions in the UAE. Taking into account an overview of the global and UAE-specific challenges faced by women in the workplace and considering the significant efforts of the UAE government to promote women in leadership, as reported in literature, the analysis revealed that women often navigated their career through a sub-text of deep rooted social and cultural values that manifested themselves as stereotypes both in and out of the workplace and that these stereotypes impacted their career trajectory. Main barriers highlighted include; unfavourable policies, work/family conflicts and lack of support and options for entrepreneurial activity. The recommendations at the end of the paper focus on the need for continued gove...
This research article examines the impact of ethnic identity-based politics on education in Pakis... more This research article examines the impact of ethnic identity-based politics on education in Pakistan through in-depth interviews with young professionals from Balochistan and Punjab. The findings suggest that the Punjabi-dominated power structure results in an unequal allocation of financial resources, whereby Balochistan lacks the financial resources to invest in education development. In addition, political instability caused by unprecedented ethnic strife contributes towards poor-quality education, which, as a result, adversely impacts a Balochi’s future course of life. On the other hand, Punjabis are at an advantage in the public arena because of their robust educational foundation.
Although the legal notion of slavery has been defined in article 1 of the 1926 Slavery Convention... more Although the legal notion of slavery has been defined in article 1 of the 1926 Slavery Convention, it is currently being widely used to encompass various practices of abuse, oppression and exploitation. Trafficking in human beings is one such practice, extensively being referred to as a contemporary form of slavery. This article attempts to establish the legal criteria on the basis of which trafficking in human beings can constitute slavery and to define states’ obligations deriving from it, in the light of the recent relevant case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, and to highlight its impact to the current European anti-trafficking regulatory framework.
Tourism and gender-based violence: challenging inequalities
Tourism and hospitality scholars have been studying the prevalence of trafficking in human beings... more Tourism and hospitality scholars have been studying the prevalence of trafficking in human beings in the context of travel and tourism, particularly in the framework of sex tourism. However, a legal perspective is currently underexplored, especially one that reflects a human rights-based approach. The present chapter contributes such an approach. To do so it considers the existing international legal instruments and the legal obligations that derive from them and which states have committed to fulfil. To clarify the content of those obligations the chapter takes into account the findings and recommendations of human rights monitoring bodies, as well as existing soft law instruments, mostly from the field of business and human rights, that may have the potential to develop into hard law. Furthermore, it looks at corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives undertaken in the private sector, which complement hard and soft law and offer the tourism industry valuable tools to addres...
Taking into account the strategic importance of education for the economic and social welfare, as... more Taking into account the strategic importance of education for the economic and social welfare, as well as the origins and meaning of the right to education in international human rights law, this paper examines the relevance of the right to the UAE and analyses the key elements that emerge from the UAE's engagement with the UN treaty bodies and special procedures, specifically, the Committee on the Rights of the Child, the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and the Special Rapporteurs on racism and on the sale of children. Moreover, outlining the meaning of the dialogue undertaken by UN human rights bodies, its significance for promoting the role of the UAE in the international community and its relevance for advancing UAE education in a range of spheres, this paper examines their recommendations and suggests pathways towards enhancing dialogue and adopting a rights-based approach to education in the UAE.
Human rights education and training (HRE) has been gaining greater momentum since the 1990s, emer... more Human rights education and training (HRE) has been gaining greater momentum since the 1990s, emerging as a human right and setting the framework for relevant state obligations through hard law and soft law instruments. As such, it has been clearly articulated in the United Nations Declaration on Human Rights Education and Training (2011). In the GCC, where the project of modernizing education set off only in the 1950s, states have only recently started engaging with international human rights law in a more meaningful fashion. In this context, the development of human rights education has been facing a number of challenges. The paper explores the emergence of the right to human rights education in the GCC, outlining its origins and meaning in international human rights law. It also studies the implementation of the right in the six GCC states, examining their HRE obligations, as identified and articulated by treaty-based and Charter-based bodies through the monitoring process. To con...
This research paper identifies and explores the challenges and barriers that Arab women in the Un... more This research paper identifies and explores the challenges and barriers that Arab women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) face in their careers. Primary data was collected via an interview process involving 12 Arab women who reside and work in senior decision making positions in the UAE. Taking into account an overview of the global and UAE-specific challenges faced by women in the workplace and considering the significant efforts of the UAE government to promote women in leadership, as reported in literature, the analysis revealed that women often navigated their career through a sub-text of deep rooted social and cultural values that manifested themselves as stereotypes both in and out of the workplace and that these stereotypes impacted their career trajectory. Main barriers highlighted include; unfavourable policies, work/family conflicts and lack of support and options for entrepreneurial activity. The recommendations at the end of the paper focus on the need for continued gove...
This research article examines the impact of ethnic identity-based politics on education in Pakis... more This research article examines the impact of ethnic identity-based politics on education in Pakistan through in-depth interviews with young professionals from Balochistan and Punjab. The findings suggest that the Punjabi-dominated power structure results in an unequal allocation of financial resources, whereby Balochistan lacks the financial resources to invest in education development. In addition, political instability caused by unprecedented ethnic strife contributes towards poor-quality education, which, as a result, adversely impacts a Balochi’s future course of life. On the other hand, Punjabis are at an advantage in the public arena because of their robust educational foundation.
Although the legal notion of slavery has been defined in article 1 of the 1926 Slavery Convention... more Although the legal notion of slavery has been defined in article 1 of the 1926 Slavery Convention, it is currently being widely used to encompass various practices of abuse, oppression and exploitation. Trafficking in human beings is one such practice, extensively being referred to as a contemporary form of slavery. This article attempts to establish the legal criteria on the basis of which trafficking in human beings can constitute slavery and to define states’ obligations deriving from it, in the light of the recent relevant case-law of the European Court of Human Rights, and to highlight its impact to the current European anti-trafficking regulatory framework.
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Papers by Tenia Kyriazi