Abstract. Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions tha... more Abstract. Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions that are often violated in practice, in particular in the Semantic Web. Ontologies often need to be built in a decentralized way, ontologies must be given to a community in a way such that individuals have partial autonomy over them and ontologies have a life cycle that involves an iteration back and forth between construction/modification and use.
An effective solution to the problem of extending a dialogue system to new knowledge domains requ... more An effective solution to the problem of extending a dialogue system to new knowledge domains requires a clear separation between the knowledge and the system: as ontologies are used to conceptualize information, they can be used as a means to improve the separation between the dialogue system and the domain information. This paper presents the development of an ontology for the cooking domain, to be integrated in a dialog system.
Summary. Ontology engineering processes in truly distributed settings like the Semantic Web or gl... more Summary. Ontology engineering processes in truly distributed settings like the Semantic Web or global Peer-to-Peer systems may not be adequately supported by conventional, centralized ontology engineering methodologies. In this chapter, we present our work towards the DILIGENT methodology, which is intended to support domain experts in a distributed setting to engineer and evolve ontologies.
Abstract. As the Semantic Web emerges the problem of semantic heterogeneity is becoming more acut... more Abstract. As the Semantic Web emerges the problem of semantic heterogeneity is becoming more acute. Ontology matching techniques aim at tackling this problem by establishing correspondences between elements of the ontologies. These techniques rely on distance metrics, often called (dis) similarity measures, to assess the similarity of elements within the ontologies. Most of these approaches are either terminological, structural and/or extensional.
Abstract The Diligent argumentation framework helps capture design deliberations in ontology-engi... more Abstract The Diligent argumentation framework helps capture design deliberations in ontology-engineering discussions. It makes consensus-building tasks more efficient and provides detailed guidance for nonexperts. The semantic Web envisions an infrastructure in which humans and machines seamlessly exchange information on the Web. During the discussions participants raise new issues or elaborate on existing ones. Once a discussion evolves, participants can group issues and act on them accordingly.
Abstract. In this paper we refine an organizational model to describe the execution of business a... more Abstract. In this paper we refine an organizational model to describe the execution of business activities. The model offers a dynamic, actor--centered, context--based and business process oriented perspective of the organization that explicitly addresses information, cooperation and collaboration needs derived from human multi--tasking capabilities. This modeling approach aims to facilitate the design of collaboration services capable of providing a more appropriate support for groups of interacting individuals.
Abstract. In this paper, we propose an organizational model to describe the execution of business... more Abstract. In this paper, we propose an organizational model to describe the execution of business activities. The model offers a dynamic, actor centered, context based and business process oriented perspective of the organization that explicitly addresses the information and collaboration requirements derived from human multi-tasking capabilities. Actors are approached as a network of contexts managed by an “operating system”. Three kinds of actors are defined; human, business process and organization actor.
Knowledge reuse by means of ontologies now faces three important problems:(1) there are no standa... more Knowledge reuse by means of ontologies now faces three important problems:(1) there are no standardized identifying features that characterize ontologies from the user point of view;(2) there are no web sites using the same logical organization, presenting relevant information about ontologies; and (3) the search for appropriate ontologies is hard, time-consuming and usually fruitless.
Abstract. Evidence of multitasking at work can be observed through several case studies. Moreover... more Abstract. Evidence of multitasking at work can be observed through several case studies. Moreover, task interleaving is constantly increasing due to the improvement of information and communication technologies. However, despite the availability of several personal information and task management tools, an appropriate support for multitasking is still lacking.
Abstract. Current enterprise modeling approaches allow representing organizaa tion\ s design. Thi... more Abstract. Current enterprise modeling approaches allow representing organizaa tion\ s design. This paper describes contextabased approach for organizational analysis, to discover and model aspects of the organization\ s implementation. The proposed approach aims at allowing the elaboration of graphical representations of actual work practices within given execution contexts. In particular, it addresses the discovery and analysis of personal and interapersonal contexts from action rea positories.
ABSTRACT Despite the availability of several task and personal information management tools, an a... more ABSTRACT Despite the availability of several task and personal information management tools, an appropriate support to human multitasking at work is still lacking. Supporting multitasking behavior entails capturing and modeling this behavior. In this paper, we refine an approach to model multitasking behavior in organizations, through an ontology based on two interrelated primitives; action and interaction contexts.
Abstract In this paper we describe the revision and extension processes performed to the “subonto... more Abstract In this paper we describe the revision and extension processes performed to the “subontology” for Units of Measure of the Merged ontology proposed by Ian Niles. We have used a principled approach to guide revision of knowledge. The methodology and the sets of criteria that were used in this revision are described.
Abstract Several attempts have been made to structure and systematize the enology field. This wor... more Abstract Several attempts have been made to structure and systematize the enology field. This work proposes a new ontology for the wine domain according to several features:(i) maceration;(ii) fermentation process;(iii) grape maturity state;(iv) wine characteristics;(v) classification system according to country; and (vi) region where the wine was produced. This work describes how this ontology was built by non-ontology engineering experts from scratch.
ABSTRACT Despite the high level of success attained by keyword based information retrieval method... more ABSTRACT Despite the high level of success attained by keyword based information retrieval methods, a significant fraction of information retrieval tasks still needs to take into account the semantics of the data. We propose a method that combines an hand-crafted ontology with a robust inductive inference method to assign semantic labels to pieces of technical articles available on the Web.
Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions that are ofte... more Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions that are often neglected in practice. Ontologies often need to be built in a decentralized way, ontologies must be given to a community in a way such that individuals have partial autonomy over them, ontologies have a life cycle that involves an iteration back and forth between construction/modification and use and ontologies should support the participation of non-expert users in ontology engineering processes.
São muitas as iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo d... more São muitas as iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo de informação ou conhecimento na organização. A Gestão do Conhecimento é uma área que foca, precisamente, os processos relacionados com o ciclo de vida do conhecimento nas organizações.
Apesar das muitas iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produ o, distribui oe consumo ... more Apesar das muitas iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produ o, distribui oe consumo de informa o, os indivíduos no seu trabalho ainda necessitam de investir tempo para obter a informa o requerida para as suas tarefas. De um ponto de vista operativo, para suportar apropriadamente as tarefas intelectuais na organiza o, a informa o requerida deve ser fornecida proactiva e oportunamente, segundo os padrões humanos de processamento de informa o.
Abstract. Enterprise modeling is an effective tool in designing and communicating enterprise oper... more Abstract. Enterprise modeling is an effective tool in designing and communicating enterprise operation and structure. The inclusion of the concept of context enables capturing and representing situated behaviors from actual execution. A context-based modeling approach is being developed to (1) capture and represent personal and inter-personal work patterns from action repositories, and (2) align them with enterprise activities and resources.
Abstract. Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions tha... more Abstract. Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions that are often violated in practice, in particular in the Semantic Web. Ontologies often need to be built in a decentralized way, ontologies must be given to a community in a way such that individuals have partial autonomy over them and ontologies have a life cycle that involves an iteration back and forth between construction/modification and use.
An effective solution to the problem of extending a dialogue system to new knowledge domains requ... more An effective solution to the problem of extending a dialogue system to new knowledge domains requires a clear separation between the knowledge and the system: as ontologies are used to conceptualize information, they can be used as a means to improve the separation between the dialogue system and the domain information. This paper presents the development of an ontology for the cooking domain, to be integrated in a dialog system.
Summary. Ontology engineering processes in truly distributed settings like the Semantic Web or gl... more Summary. Ontology engineering processes in truly distributed settings like the Semantic Web or global Peer-to-Peer systems may not be adequately supported by conventional, centralized ontology engineering methodologies. In this chapter, we present our work towards the DILIGENT methodology, which is intended to support domain experts in a distributed setting to engineer and evolve ontologies.
Abstract. As the Semantic Web emerges the problem of semantic heterogeneity is becoming more acut... more Abstract. As the Semantic Web emerges the problem of semantic heterogeneity is becoming more acute. Ontology matching techniques aim at tackling this problem by establishing correspondences between elements of the ontologies. These techniques rely on distance metrics, often called (dis) similarity measures, to assess the similarity of elements within the ontologies. Most of these approaches are either terminological, structural and/or extensional.
Abstract The Diligent argumentation framework helps capture design deliberations in ontology-engi... more Abstract The Diligent argumentation framework helps capture design deliberations in ontology-engineering discussions. It makes consensus-building tasks more efficient and provides detailed guidance for nonexperts. The semantic Web envisions an infrastructure in which humans and machines seamlessly exchange information on the Web. During the discussions participants raise new issues or elaborate on existing ones. Once a discussion evolves, participants can group issues and act on them accordingly.
Abstract. In this paper we refine an organizational model to describe the execution of business a... more Abstract. In this paper we refine an organizational model to describe the execution of business activities. The model offers a dynamic, actor--centered, context--based and business process oriented perspective of the organization that explicitly addresses information, cooperation and collaboration needs derived from human multi--tasking capabilities. This modeling approach aims to facilitate the design of collaboration services capable of providing a more appropriate support for groups of interacting individuals.
Abstract. In this paper, we propose an organizational model to describe the execution of business... more Abstract. In this paper, we propose an organizational model to describe the execution of business activities. The model offers a dynamic, actor centered, context based and business process oriented perspective of the organization that explicitly addresses the information and collaboration requirements derived from human multi-tasking capabilities. Actors are approached as a network of contexts managed by an “operating system”. Three kinds of actors are defined; human, business process and organization actor.
Knowledge reuse by means of ontologies now faces three important problems:(1) there are no standa... more Knowledge reuse by means of ontologies now faces three important problems:(1) there are no standardized identifying features that characterize ontologies from the user point of view;(2) there are no web sites using the same logical organization, presenting relevant information about ontologies; and (3) the search for appropriate ontologies is hard, time-consuming and usually fruitless.
Abstract. Evidence of multitasking at work can be observed through several case studies. Moreover... more Abstract. Evidence of multitasking at work can be observed through several case studies. Moreover, task interleaving is constantly increasing due to the improvement of information and communication technologies. However, despite the availability of several personal information and task management tools, an appropriate support for multitasking is still lacking.
Abstract. Current enterprise modeling approaches allow representing organizaa tion\ s design. Thi... more Abstract. Current enterprise modeling approaches allow representing organizaa tion\ s design. This paper describes contextabased approach for organizational analysis, to discover and model aspects of the organization\ s implementation. The proposed approach aims at allowing the elaboration of graphical representations of actual work practices within given execution contexts. In particular, it addresses the discovery and analysis of personal and interapersonal contexts from action rea positories.
ABSTRACT Despite the availability of several task and personal information management tools, an a... more ABSTRACT Despite the availability of several task and personal information management tools, an appropriate support to human multitasking at work is still lacking. Supporting multitasking behavior entails capturing and modeling this behavior. In this paper, we refine an approach to model multitasking behavior in organizations, through an ontology based on two interrelated primitives; action and interaction contexts.
Abstract In this paper we describe the revision and extension processes performed to the “subonto... more Abstract In this paper we describe the revision and extension processes performed to the “subontology” for Units of Measure of the Merged ontology proposed by Ian Niles. We have used a principled approach to guide revision of knowledge. The methodology and the sets of criteria that were used in this revision are described.
Abstract Several attempts have been made to structure and systematize the enology field. This wor... more Abstract Several attempts have been made to structure and systematize the enology field. This work proposes a new ontology for the wine domain according to several features:(i) maceration;(ii) fermentation process;(iii) grape maturity state;(iv) wine characteristics;(v) classification system according to country; and (vi) region where the wine was produced. This work describes how this ontology was built by non-ontology engineering experts from scratch.
ABSTRACT Despite the high level of success attained by keyword based information retrieval method... more ABSTRACT Despite the high level of success attained by keyword based information retrieval methods, a significant fraction of information retrieval tasks still needs to take into account the semantics of the data. We propose a method that combines an hand-crafted ontology with a robust inductive inference method to assign semantic labels to pieces of technical articles available on the Web.
Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions that are ofte... more Existing mature ontology engineering approaches are based on some basic assumptions that are often neglected in practice. Ontologies often need to be built in a decentralized way, ontologies must be given to a community in a way such that individuals have partial autonomy over them, ontologies have a life cycle that involves an iteration back and forth between construction/modification and use and ontologies should support the participation of non-expert users in ontology engineering processes.
São muitas as iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo d... more São muitas as iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produção, distribuição e consumo de informação ou conhecimento na organização. A Gestão do Conhecimento é uma área que foca, precisamente, os processos relacionados com o ciclo de vida do conhecimento nas organizações.
Apesar das muitas iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produ o, distribui oe consumo ... more Apesar das muitas iniciativas que visam o suporte dos processos de produ o, distribui oe consumo de informa o, os indivíduos no seu trabalho ainda necessitam de investir tempo para obter a informa o requerida para as suas tarefas. De um ponto de vista operativo, para suportar apropriadamente as tarefas intelectuais na organiza o, a informa o requerida deve ser fornecida proactiva e oportunamente, segundo os padrões humanos de processamento de informa o.
Abstract. Enterprise modeling is an effective tool in designing and communicating enterprise oper... more Abstract. Enterprise modeling is an effective tool in designing and communicating enterprise operation and structure. The inclusion of the concept of context enables capturing and representing situated behaviors from actual execution. A context-based modeling approach is being developed to (1) capture and represent personal and inter-personal work patterns from action repositories, and (2) align them with enterprise activities and resources.
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