World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Feb 8, 2008
... this study were then conserved at -80°C after an addition of glycerol to a final concentratio... more ... this study were then conserved at -80°C after an addition of glycerol to a final concentration of 40% (v/v). All strains were checked for fluorescent pigment under uv light (Sharifi-Tehrani et ... cause sheath blight diseases (Inagaki 1998) and sheath rot disease in rice (Abbas et al. ...
Land use change and agricultural management practices could have an impact on soil properties and... more Land use change and agricultural management practices could have an impact on soil properties and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change from the previous crop (cassava) to a rubber tree chronosequence on soil quality related to microbial and physical-chemical properties. Microbial properties together with physical-chemical properties, including microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration, microbial quotient (qmic) and microbial metabolic quotient-C (qCO2), which have been considered as effective indicators of the changes in soil quality, were examined. Soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium content were higher in the rubber tree plantation than the cassava plantation, suggesting an improvement in soil microbial biomass efficiency. The highest qmic was found in 11 years rubber tree plantation which indicates most efficiency of converting organic carbon into microbial biomass carbon or carbon losses in soil. Interestingly, no significantly different of qCO2 was found among treatments. These findings suggested that soil quality related to microbial properties was not responsive to land use change from cassava to rubber tree.
Rubber tree is an important economic crop which has created economic value of Thailand. Soil acts... more Rubber tree is an important economic crop which has created economic value of Thailand. Soil acts as one of important component of the global carbon cycle as they store large amounts of organic carbon. In addition, soil organic carbon and soil organic matter are crucial component for soil quality and productivity assessment. However, they probably sensitive to plant age, ecosystem management and climate change. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different rubber tree plantation ages, including 1) 3 years rubber tree plantation (3Y), 2) 11 years rubber tree plantation (11Y), 3) 17 years rubber tree plantation (17Y) and 4) 27 years rubber tree plantation (27Y) on carbon stock. The result suggested that different age of rubber tree plantation has an effect on carbon stock. The highest soil carbon stock was found in 17Y, but showed no significant different when compared to 27Y. The greatest above ground biomass was observed in 27Y. Interestingly, younger age of rubber tree showed that soil carbon stock was sequestered in the form of microbial biomass carbon, due to lowest qCO2 was determined.
properties and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change from ... more properties and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change from the previous crop (cassava) to a rubber tree chronosequence on soil quality related to microbial and physical-chemical properties. Microbial properties together with physical-chemical properties, including microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration, microbial quotient (q mic) and microbial metabolic quotient-C (qCO 2), which have been considered as effective indicators of the changes in soil quality, were examined. Soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium content were higher in the rubber tree plantation than the cassava plantation, suggesting an improvement in soil q mic was found in 11 years rubber tree plantation qCO 2 was found was not responsive to land use change from cassava to rubber tree.
Soil phosphorus (P) plays an essential role in rubber tree plantations that are rapidly and exten... more Soil phosphorus (P) plays an essential role in rubber tree plantations that are rapidly and extensively being established in Southeast Asia. However, available information is quite limited on soil P fractions and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the tropical region. Herein, we investigated P fractions and AMF community under natural forest and rubber plantations at different ages of 5 years, 11 years, and 22 years in tropical coarse-textured soils from Thailand. The studied loamy sand soils were acidic (pH=5.0-5.7) with low available P concentrations (1.73-6.48 mg/kg). Data on the P fractions data revealed that the labile P (water-extractable Pi and NaHCO3-extractable Pi) and moderately labile P (NaOH0.1-extractable Po and HCl-extractable Pi) pools in rubber-growing soils were higher than those in the natural forest soil. Elevated values of these properties were substantial with increasing stand ages. The rubber monocropping systems declined in the density and diversity of AMF ...
Leaf litter plays a major role in carbon and nutrient cycling, as well as in fueling food webs. T... more Leaf litter plays a major role in carbon and nutrient cycling, as well as in fueling food webs. The chemical composition of a leaf may directly and indirectly influence decomposition rates by influencing rates of biological reactions and by influencing the accumulation of soil organic carbon content, respectively. This study aimed to assess the impact of the chemical composition of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg.) leaves on various soil properties of different ages of rubber (4–5, 11–12, and 22–23 year-old). Synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (Sr-FTIR) was utilized for analyzing the chemical composition of plant leaves. The Sr-FTIR bands illustrated that the epidermis of rubber leaves from 4–5-year-old trees was found to contain a high quantity of polysaccharides while mesophyll from 22–23-year-old trees had a large number of polysaccharides. The change in soil properties in the older rubber plantation could be attributed to it...
Secondary metabolites produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas play key roles in the suppression of va... more Secondary metabolites produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas play key roles in the suppression of various soilborne plant pathogens. However, the performance of this biocontrol agent varies depending on the environment and host plant species. In this study, In vitro antagonistic activity against phytopathogens by Pseudomonas fluorescens R21, which was isolated from rice rhizosphere in Thailand, was investigated in comparison to Pseudomonas fluorescens F113, which was isolated from sugar beet rhizosphere in Ireland. The result of in vitro antagonistic activity showed that Pythium spp. was suppressed by strains R21 and F113. Then, strain R21 that has the ability to produce IAA and to control plant pathogen was investigated for in vivo antagonistic activity and also was screened for the production of secondary metabolites such as pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, hydrogen cyanide and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). The result of in vivo antagonistic activity confirmed that Pythium spp. was su...
Besides highest incidence of melioidosis, an infectious disease in humans caused by Burkholderia ... more Besides highest incidence of melioidosis, an infectious disease in humans caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, Northeastern part of Thailand is as well facing major problem with soil organic matter loss and fertility degradation under large sandy soil contents. In order to reduce the presence of B. pseudomallei in parallel with restoration of soil degradation, thus, this study investigated the population of B. pseudomallei in relation to the appearance of natural allelopathic substances from tamarind leaves residue and commercial allelopathic substances (gallic acid, tannic acid, and caffeic acid). The findings showed that long-term continuous application of tamarind leaf residue has potential to improve soil fertility by increase soil organic matter in parallel with decrease the population of B. pseudomallei. In addition, crude water-soluble extract of tamarind leaf and commercial allelopathic substances have potential to reduce the population of B. pseudomallei under in vitro cond...
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important economic crop in Thailand. Nowadays, insect pe... more Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important economic crop in Thailand. Nowadays, insect pest is the major problem that causes severe damage to cassava leading to considerable yield losses. Since, using chemical pesticide is always presence of chemical residues on soil and may affect the population and diversity of soil microorganism. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of thiamethoxam on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) population in cassava production system. A total of 400 bacteria were isolated from 4 sites, including 1 (cassava production system without thiamethoxam and fertilizer application 2 (cassava production system with thiamethoxam application 3 (cassava production system with thiamethoxam and organic fertilizer application 4 (cassava production system with thiamethoxam and chemical fertilizer application. These isolates were screened for their plant growth promoting factors like production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), phosphate...
Acute toxicity tests using distillery spent wash, treated by anaerobic digestion process, on Nile... more Acute toxicity tests using distillery spent wash, treated by anaerobic digestion process, on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were conducted under laboratory conditions for 96 h using static bioassay method. In the defmitive test, seven groups with three replications of experimental fish (body weight 5.6±0.45 g/fish) were exposed to seven concentrations of distillery spent wash (0, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 ml/L). No mortality was observed during the 96 h in groups of control fish (0 ml/L) and fish exposed to 12ml/L. The 100% mortality rate was achieved only in fish group exposed to 22 m1/L of distillery spent wash. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of distillery spent wash to fish for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 18.547, 18.024, 17.965 and 17.965 ml/L, respectively. In addition, health of fish exposed to over 12ml/L (14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 ml/L of distillery spent wash) were affected. The behavioral changes of fish in these groups displayed rapid opercular movement ...
Growing demands for crops have expanded agricultural production to sandy soils with low available... more Growing demands for crops have expanded agricultural production to sandy soils with low available phosphorus (P) content and high P mobility. Knowledge of P speciation and solubility in such soils is poorly understood. Here we investigated: i) the P speciation in the clay size fraction of sandy soils, ii) the pH-dependent solubility of soil orthophosphate (PO4–P), and iii) the particle size-dependent solubility of the soil P. The studied loamy sand soils were low in organic matter (2.6–7.9 g kg−1) and deficient in available P (1.5–8.5 mg kg−1), and kaolinite (21%) was the only clay mineral identified using X-ray diffraction technique in the clay-sized particles. The P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis revealed that P associated with Al phases, 45% adsorbed to gibbsite and 35% in variscite (AlPO₄·2H₂O), dominated the P speciation in the clay-sized particles. The very low PO4–P solubilities in the investigated bulk soils exhibited a pronounced positive pH-dependent pattern that was consistent with the pH-dependent solubility of Al3+ and Fe3+. Geochemical modeling suggested that the maximum PO4–P solubilities were linked to the solubility of variscite and strengite (FePO₄·2H₂O), indicating that PO4–P solubilities were controlled by the solubility of Al3+ and Fe3+ as restricted by the pH-dependent solubility of Al phases and Fe (hydr)oxides. The analysis of particle size fractions revealed that the largest size fraction (1000–2000 µm), containing visible plant debris and contributing the least to total soil mass (<0.126%), contained most of the total soil P stocks (50–60%). The small size factions (<250 µm) were the key to available PO4–P. Our data highlighted the pivotal role of Al/Fe (hydr)oxides and kaolinite in controlling the pH-dependent solubility of PO4–P in these tropical sandy soils having very limited contents of total and available P and a high risk of P loss.ISSN:0016-7061ISSN:1872-625
The objective of this research was to study plant-microbe interactions in rhizospheric soil treat... more The objective of this research was to study plant-microbe interactions in rhizospheric soil treated with different quality organic residues in short-term incubation of the soil and subsequent planting of maize crop. The treatments combinations were, 1) untreated soil (control; CT), 2) groundnut stover (GN) with high nitrogen (N) but low lignin (L) and polyphenol (PP), 3) tamarind leaf and petiole litter (TM) with medium N, L and PP, 4) rice straw (RS) with low N, L and PP but high cellulose, 5) GN+TM, 6) GN+RS and 7) TM+RS. Single and mixed residue additions of GN and TM, both high and intermediate quality, resulted in higher soil microbial properties and nutrients than the application of RS as a low quality. Accordingly, the application of the former group increased microbial abundances (i.e., bacteria, archaea, and fungi), elevated the enzymes related to the decomposition of organic residue (i.e., invertase, protease, phenoloxidase and peroxidase activity), and enhanced soil nutri...
World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, Feb 8, 2008
... this study were then conserved at -80°C after an addition of glycerol to a final concentratio... more ... this study were then conserved at -80°C after an addition of glycerol to a final concentration of 40% (v/v). All strains were checked for fluorescent pigment under uv light (Sharifi-Tehrani et ... cause sheath blight diseases (Inagaki 1998) and sheath rot disease in rice (Abbas et al. ...
Land use change and agricultural management practices could have an impact on soil properties and... more Land use change and agricultural management practices could have an impact on soil properties and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change from the previous crop (cassava) to a rubber tree chronosequence on soil quality related to microbial and physical-chemical properties. Microbial properties together with physical-chemical properties, including microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration, microbial quotient (qmic) and microbial metabolic quotient-C (qCO2), which have been considered as effective indicators of the changes in soil quality, were examined. Soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium content were higher in the rubber tree plantation than the cassava plantation, suggesting an improvement in soil microbial biomass efficiency. The highest qmic was found in 11 years rubber tree plantation which indicates most efficiency of converting organic carbon into microbial biomass carbon or carbon losses in soil. Interestingly, no significantly different of qCO2 was found among treatments. These findings suggested that soil quality related to microbial properties was not responsive to land use change from cassava to rubber tree.
Rubber tree is an important economic crop which has created economic value of Thailand. Soil acts... more Rubber tree is an important economic crop which has created economic value of Thailand. Soil acts as one of important component of the global carbon cycle as they store large amounts of organic carbon. In addition, soil organic carbon and soil organic matter are crucial component for soil quality and productivity assessment. However, they probably sensitive to plant age, ecosystem management and climate change. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of different rubber tree plantation ages, including 1) 3 years rubber tree plantation (3Y), 2) 11 years rubber tree plantation (11Y), 3) 17 years rubber tree plantation (17Y) and 4) 27 years rubber tree plantation (27Y) on carbon stock. The result suggested that different age of rubber tree plantation has an effect on carbon stock. The highest soil carbon stock was found in 17Y, but showed no significant different when compared to 27Y. The greatest above ground biomass was observed in 27Y. Interestingly, younger age of rubber tree showed that soil carbon stock was sequestered in the form of microbial biomass carbon, due to lowest qCO2 was determined.
properties and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change from ... more properties and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of land use change from the previous crop (cassava) to a rubber tree chronosequence on soil quality related to microbial and physical-chemical properties. Microbial properties together with physical-chemical properties, including microbial biomass carbon, soil respiration, microbial quotient (q mic) and microbial metabolic quotient-C (qCO 2), which have been considered as effective indicators of the changes in soil quality, were examined. Soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable potassium content were higher in the rubber tree plantation than the cassava plantation, suggesting an improvement in soil q mic was found in 11 years rubber tree plantation qCO 2 was found was not responsive to land use change from cassava to rubber tree.
Soil phosphorus (P) plays an essential role in rubber tree plantations that are rapidly and exten... more Soil phosphorus (P) plays an essential role in rubber tree plantations that are rapidly and extensively being established in Southeast Asia. However, available information is quite limited on soil P fractions and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in the tropical region. Herein, we investigated P fractions and AMF community under natural forest and rubber plantations at different ages of 5 years, 11 years, and 22 years in tropical coarse-textured soils from Thailand. The studied loamy sand soils were acidic (pH=5.0-5.7) with low available P concentrations (1.73-6.48 mg/kg). Data on the P fractions data revealed that the labile P (water-extractable Pi and NaHCO3-extractable Pi) and moderately labile P (NaOH0.1-extractable Po and HCl-extractable Pi) pools in rubber-growing soils were higher than those in the natural forest soil. Elevated values of these properties were substantial with increasing stand ages. The rubber monocropping systems declined in the density and diversity of AMF ...
Leaf litter plays a major role in carbon and nutrient cycling, as well as in fueling food webs. T... more Leaf litter plays a major role in carbon and nutrient cycling, as well as in fueling food webs. The chemical composition of a leaf may directly and indirectly influence decomposition rates by influencing rates of biological reactions and by influencing the accumulation of soil organic carbon content, respectively. This study aimed to assess the impact of the chemical composition of rubber (Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Muell. Arg.) leaves on various soil properties of different ages of rubber (4–5, 11–12, and 22–23 year-old). Synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy (Sr-FTIR) was utilized for analyzing the chemical composition of plant leaves. The Sr-FTIR bands illustrated that the epidermis of rubber leaves from 4–5-year-old trees was found to contain a high quantity of polysaccharides while mesophyll from 22–23-year-old trees had a large number of polysaccharides. The change in soil properties in the older rubber plantation could be attributed to it...
Secondary metabolites produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas play key roles in the suppression of va... more Secondary metabolites produced by fluorescent Pseudomonas play key roles in the suppression of various soilborne plant pathogens. However, the performance of this biocontrol agent varies depending on the environment and host plant species. In this study, In vitro antagonistic activity against phytopathogens by Pseudomonas fluorescens R21, which was isolated from rice rhizosphere in Thailand, was investigated in comparison to Pseudomonas fluorescens F113, which was isolated from sugar beet rhizosphere in Ireland. The result of in vitro antagonistic activity showed that Pythium spp. was suppressed by strains R21 and F113. Then, strain R21 that has the ability to produce IAA and to control plant pathogen was investigated for in vivo antagonistic activity and also was screened for the production of secondary metabolites such as pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, hydrogen cyanide and 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG). The result of in vivo antagonistic activity confirmed that Pythium spp. was su...
Besides highest incidence of melioidosis, an infectious disease in humans caused by Burkholderia ... more Besides highest incidence of melioidosis, an infectious disease in humans caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, Northeastern part of Thailand is as well facing major problem with soil organic matter loss and fertility degradation under large sandy soil contents. In order to reduce the presence of B. pseudomallei in parallel with restoration of soil degradation, thus, this study investigated the population of B. pseudomallei in relation to the appearance of natural allelopathic substances from tamarind leaves residue and commercial allelopathic substances (gallic acid, tannic acid, and caffeic acid). The findings showed that long-term continuous application of tamarind leaf residue has potential to improve soil fertility by increase soil organic matter in parallel with decrease the population of B. pseudomallei. In addition, crude water-soluble extract of tamarind leaf and commercial allelopathic substances have potential to reduce the population of B. pseudomallei under in vitro cond...
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important economic crop in Thailand. Nowadays, insect pe... more Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) is an important economic crop in Thailand. Nowadays, insect pest is the major problem that causes severe damage to cassava leading to considerable yield losses. Since, using chemical pesticide is always presence of chemical residues on soil and may affect the population and diversity of soil microorganism. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the effect of thiamethoxam on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) population in cassava production system. A total of 400 bacteria were isolated from 4 sites, including 1 (cassava production system without thiamethoxam and fertilizer application 2 (cassava production system with thiamethoxam application 3 (cassava production system with thiamethoxam and organic fertilizer application 4 (cassava production system with thiamethoxam and chemical fertilizer application. These isolates were screened for their plant growth promoting factors like production of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), phosphate...
Acute toxicity tests using distillery spent wash, treated by anaerobic digestion process, on Nile... more Acute toxicity tests using distillery spent wash, treated by anaerobic digestion process, on Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings were conducted under laboratory conditions for 96 h using static bioassay method. In the defmitive test, seven groups with three replications of experimental fish (body weight 5.6±0.45 g/fish) were exposed to seven concentrations of distillery spent wash (0, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 ml/L). No mortality was observed during the 96 h in groups of control fish (0 ml/L) and fish exposed to 12ml/L. The 100% mortality rate was achieved only in fish group exposed to 22 m1/L of distillery spent wash. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of distillery spent wash to fish for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h were 18.547, 18.024, 17.965 and 17.965 ml/L, respectively. In addition, health of fish exposed to over 12ml/L (14, 16, 18, 20 and 22 ml/L of distillery spent wash) were affected. The behavioral changes of fish in these groups displayed rapid opercular movement ...
Growing demands for crops have expanded agricultural production to sandy soils with low available... more Growing demands for crops have expanded agricultural production to sandy soils with low available phosphorus (P) content and high P mobility. Knowledge of P speciation and solubility in such soils is poorly understood. Here we investigated: i) the P speciation in the clay size fraction of sandy soils, ii) the pH-dependent solubility of soil orthophosphate (PO4–P), and iii) the particle size-dependent solubility of the soil P. The studied loamy sand soils were low in organic matter (2.6–7.9 g kg−1) and deficient in available P (1.5–8.5 mg kg−1), and kaolinite (21%) was the only clay mineral identified using X-ray diffraction technique in the clay-sized particles. The P K-edge X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis revealed that P associated with Al phases, 45% adsorbed to gibbsite and 35% in variscite (AlPO₄·2H₂O), dominated the P speciation in the clay-sized particles. The very low PO4–P solubilities in the investigated bulk soils exhibited a pronounced positive pH-dependent pattern that was consistent with the pH-dependent solubility of Al3+ and Fe3+. Geochemical modeling suggested that the maximum PO4–P solubilities were linked to the solubility of variscite and strengite (FePO₄·2H₂O), indicating that PO4–P solubilities were controlled by the solubility of Al3+ and Fe3+ as restricted by the pH-dependent solubility of Al phases and Fe (hydr)oxides. The analysis of particle size fractions revealed that the largest size fraction (1000–2000 µm), containing visible plant debris and contributing the least to total soil mass (<0.126%), contained most of the total soil P stocks (50–60%). The small size factions (<250 µm) were the key to available PO4–P. Our data highlighted the pivotal role of Al/Fe (hydr)oxides and kaolinite in controlling the pH-dependent solubility of PO4–P in these tropical sandy soils having very limited contents of total and available P and a high risk of P loss.ISSN:0016-7061ISSN:1872-625
The objective of this research was to study plant-microbe interactions in rhizospheric soil treat... more The objective of this research was to study plant-microbe interactions in rhizospheric soil treated with different quality organic residues in short-term incubation of the soil and subsequent planting of maize crop. The treatments combinations were, 1) untreated soil (control; CT), 2) groundnut stover (GN) with high nitrogen (N) but low lignin (L) and polyphenol (PP), 3) tamarind leaf and petiole litter (TM) with medium N, L and PP, 4) rice straw (RS) with low N, L and PP but high cellulose, 5) GN+TM, 6) GN+RS and 7) TM+RS. Single and mixed residue additions of GN and TM, both high and intermediate quality, resulted in higher soil microbial properties and nutrients than the application of RS as a low quality. Accordingly, the application of the former group increased microbial abundances (i.e., bacteria, archaea, and fungi), elevated the enzymes related to the decomposition of organic residue (i.e., invertase, protease, phenoloxidase and peroxidase activity), and enhanced soil nutri...
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