Abstract In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy s... more Abstract In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy sector in Saudi Arabia under the Vision 2030 development plan. The key services provided by community pharmacists are also summarized together with evidence of their effectiveness, where available. Finally, we describe development and implementation of a pilot community pharmacy-based medication therapy management clinic and research study that is currently being carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinic.
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows:The object... more This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows:The objective of this review is to systematically compare the efficacy and harms of interrupted versus uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy for catheter ablation (CA) in adults with arrhythmias.
Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, Dec 1, 2021
Purpose Intern assessment during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) are generally bas... more Purpose Intern assessment during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) are generally based upon each individual preceptor’s perceptions without an objective measurement of intern understanding and performance. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a pre- and post-OSCE could be used to confirm that interns achieved the goals and objectives of the Ambulatory Care rotation. The aims of this study were to determine whether a pre-rotation OSCE can help pharmacy interns self-assess their clinical strengths and weaknesses and assess whether their knowledge and skills improved after completing a post-rotation OSCE. Methods Pharmacy interns undergoing APPE Ambulatory Care rotations from September 2018 to March 2020 participated in a pre- and post-rotation OSCE to assess their knowledge of various chronic disease states. Interns completed pre- and post-OSCE surveys to assess their perceptions about their knowledge and the OSCE experience. Results Pharmacy intern knowledge about diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation significantly improved post-OSCE compared to their pre-OSCE scores (p < 0.001). The mean post-OSCE scores for diabetes (p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (P = 0.046), anticoagulation (P = 0.006), and the overall mean post-OSCE scores (P = 0.005) were significantly higher compared to interns’ pre-OSCE scores. Students believed that the post-OSCE significantly highlighted their strengths and weaknesses in skills and knowledge compared to the pre-OSCE (P = 0.008). Conclusion Pre- and post-APPE OSCE assessments are important tools that can provide interns and preceptors with objective evaluations of student performance. OSCEs can either be used as an alternative to perception-based assessments or integrated into existing preceptor evaluations. Furthermore, OSCEs can help preceptors identify areas that require more emphasis in their rotations.
This study aims to assess the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and to a... more This study aims to assess the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and to analyze the relationship between the PIMs and frailty among inpatient older adults aged 65 and above in Saudi Arabia. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was utilized during the period between April 2021 and April 2022 of all patients aged 65 years and above admitted in a public tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Data on the number of medications and the use of PIMs were assessed using Beers’ criteria while the frailty status was assessed using the “FRAIL Scale”. Of the 358 patient files that were reviewed, 52.2% were males, 60.9% were aged 65–74 years, and 82% were married. The prevalence of robust, prefrail, and frail patients was 5%, 36.9%, and 58.1%, respectively. According to the 2019 Beers criteria, a total of 45.8% (n = 164) participants identified as using PIMs. Compared to the non-PIMs group, the PIMs group demonstrated significant differences in the number of medication...
BackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coro... more BackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and represents a major public health threat that aggressively promotes increased morbidity and mortality. Changes in public behavior were more common during the pandemic to protect against the infection. Suboptimal behavioral practices for a specific disease would increase the susceptibility of the public to infection. This study aimed to determine changes in behaviors of the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire survey to determine the extent of public behavioral changes in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected with a self-reported survey, and analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 (SPSS). A chi-square test was performed to determine the association among variables. A P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Re...
R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access Preconception care for diabetic women for improving mat... more R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access Preconception care for diabetic women for improving maternal and fetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Purpose Cardiotoxicity is a common complication associated with anthracyclines. Little is known r... more Purpose Cardiotoxicity is a common complication associated with anthracyclines. Little is known regarding the rate of anthracyclines-related acute and chronic cardiotoxicity and adherence to cardiac monitoring recommendations among cancer patients. Patients and Methods A single-centre retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2015 to 2018 on patients with cancer, 18 years of age and older, on anthracyclines without a history of cardiovascular diseases. Data on demographic information, comorbidities, cardiovascular events, monitoring parameters, and treatment details were obtained. The primary outcome was the incidence of anthracyclines-related cardiotoxicity both acute and chronic. The secondary outcome was to determine adherence to guideline recommendations for monitoring anthracyclines-related cardiotoxicity based on the American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guidelines. Analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Institutional review boa...
Appropriate management of patients with mechanical prosthetic valves on warfarin during dental pr... more Appropriate management of patients with mechanical prosthetic valves on warfarin during dental procedures is crucial. If the patients continue warfarin, they might develop bleeding, while interruption of therapy can cause thromboembolic events. Bridging therapy (mostly heparin) is used in some patients, while others stop medications. There is no unifying protocol. Information on management of patients on warfarin undergoing dental procedures in Saudi Arabia is lacking. Therefore, the current study aimed to provide more insight into various approaches utilized by clinicians to deal with such patients at a large teaching hospital in Riyadh, and to evaluate the frequency and severity of bleeding and thromboembolic complications during different types of dental procedures in this population. This was a cohort study. Patient records were used to collect data on peri-procedural management of patients on warfarin, continuation or interruption of warfarin therapy, as well as bleeding and th...
In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy sector in ... more In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy sector in Saudi Arabia under the Vision 2030 development plan. The key services provided by community pharmacists are also summarized together with evidence of their effectiveness, where available. Finally, we describe development and implementation of a pilot community pharmacy-based medication therapy management clinic and research study that is currently being carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinic.
Abstract In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy s... more Abstract In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy sector in Saudi Arabia under the Vision 2030 development plan. The key services provided by community pharmacists are also summarized together with evidence of their effectiveness, where available. Finally, we describe development and implementation of a pilot community pharmacy-based medication therapy management clinic and research study that is currently being carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinic.
This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows:The object... more This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows:The objective of this review is to systematically compare the efficacy and harms of interrupted versus uninterrupted anticoagulation therapy for catheter ablation (CA) in adults with arrhythmias.
Journal of The Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, Dec 1, 2021
Purpose Intern assessment during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) are generally bas... more Purpose Intern assessment during advanced pharmacy practice experiences (APPEs) are generally based upon each individual preceptor’s perceptions without an objective measurement of intern understanding and performance. Therefore, we sought to determine whether a pre- and post-OSCE could be used to confirm that interns achieved the goals and objectives of the Ambulatory Care rotation. The aims of this study were to determine whether a pre-rotation OSCE can help pharmacy interns self-assess their clinical strengths and weaknesses and assess whether their knowledge and skills improved after completing a post-rotation OSCE. Methods Pharmacy interns undergoing APPE Ambulatory Care rotations from September 2018 to March 2020 participated in a pre- and post-rotation OSCE to assess their knowledge of various chronic disease states. Interns completed pre- and post-OSCE surveys to assess their perceptions about their knowledge and the OSCE experience. Results Pharmacy intern knowledge about diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atrial fibrillation significantly improved post-OSCE compared to their pre-OSCE scores (p < 0.001). The mean post-OSCE scores for diabetes (p < 0.001), dyslipidemia (P = 0.046), anticoagulation (P = 0.006), and the overall mean post-OSCE scores (P = 0.005) were significantly higher compared to interns’ pre-OSCE scores. Students believed that the post-OSCE significantly highlighted their strengths and weaknesses in skills and knowledge compared to the pre-OSCE (P = 0.008). Conclusion Pre- and post-APPE OSCE assessments are important tools that can provide interns and preceptors with objective evaluations of student performance. OSCEs can either be used as an alternative to perception-based assessments or integrated into existing preceptor evaluations. Furthermore, OSCEs can help preceptors identify areas that require more emphasis in their rotations.
This study aims to assess the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and to a... more This study aims to assess the prevalence of potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) and to analyze the relationship between the PIMs and frailty among inpatient older adults aged 65 and above in Saudi Arabia. A retrospective cross-sectional study design was utilized during the period between April 2021 and April 2022 of all patients aged 65 years and above admitted in a public tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia. Data on the number of medications and the use of PIMs were assessed using Beers’ criteria while the frailty status was assessed using the “FRAIL Scale”. Of the 358 patient files that were reviewed, 52.2% were males, 60.9% were aged 65–74 years, and 82% were married. The prevalence of robust, prefrail, and frail patients was 5%, 36.9%, and 58.1%, respectively. According to the 2019 Beers criteria, a total of 45.8% (n = 164) participants identified as using PIMs. Compared to the non-PIMs group, the PIMs group demonstrated significant differences in the number of medication...
BackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coro... more BackgroundCoronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and represents a major public health threat that aggressively promotes increased morbidity and mortality. Changes in public behavior were more common during the pandemic to protect against the infection. Suboptimal behavioral practices for a specific disease would increase the susceptibility of the public to infection. This study aimed to determine changes in behaviors of the general public during the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted using an online questionnaire survey to determine the extent of public behavioral changes in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected with a self-reported survey, and analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 26 (SPSS). A chi-square test was performed to determine the association among variables. A P ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Re...
R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access Preconception care for diabetic women for improving mat... more R E S E A R C H A R T I C L E Open Access Preconception care for diabetic women for improving maternal and fetal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Purpose Cardiotoxicity is a common complication associated with anthracyclines. Little is known r... more Purpose Cardiotoxicity is a common complication associated with anthracyclines. Little is known regarding the rate of anthracyclines-related acute and chronic cardiotoxicity and adherence to cardiac monitoring recommendations among cancer patients. Patients and Methods A single-centre retrospective cohort study was conducted from 2015 to 2018 on patients with cancer, 18 years of age and older, on anthracyclines without a history of cardiovascular diseases. Data on demographic information, comorbidities, cardiovascular events, monitoring parameters, and treatment details were obtained. The primary outcome was the incidence of anthracyclines-related cardiotoxicity both acute and chronic. The secondary outcome was to determine adherence to guideline recommendations for monitoring anthracyclines-related cardiotoxicity based on the American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guidelines. Analyses included descriptive statistics and logistic regression. Institutional review boa...
Appropriate management of patients with mechanical prosthetic valves on warfarin during dental pr... more Appropriate management of patients with mechanical prosthetic valves on warfarin during dental procedures is crucial. If the patients continue warfarin, they might develop bleeding, while interruption of therapy can cause thromboembolic events. Bridging therapy (mostly heparin) is used in some patients, while others stop medications. There is no unifying protocol. Information on management of patients on warfarin undergoing dental procedures in Saudi Arabia is lacking. Therefore, the current study aimed to provide more insight into various approaches utilized by clinicians to deal with such patients at a large teaching hospital in Riyadh, and to evaluate the frequency and severity of bleeding and thromboembolic complications during different types of dental procedures in this population. This was a cohort study. Patient records were used to collect data on peri-procedural management of patients on warfarin, continuation or interruption of warfarin therapy, as well as bleeding and th...
In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy sector in ... more In this chapter, we present an overview of the rapidly transforming community pharmacy sector in Saudi Arabia under the Vision 2030 development plan. The key services provided by community pharmacists are also summarized together with evidence of their effectiveness, where available. Finally, we describe development and implementation of a pilot community pharmacy-based medication therapy management clinic and research study that is currently being carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinic.
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