Papers by Lars Alfredsson
Läkartidningen, Jan 14, 1990
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Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health, 1991
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International Journal of Epidemiology, 2001
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BMC Public Health, 2012
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Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2013
Background: Possible associations between childbearing patterns and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk ... more Background: Possible associations between childbearing patterns and multiple sclerosis (MS) risk have been studied for a long time, with conflicting results. We aimed to investigate the influence of reproductive history on MS risk. Methods: Using a Swedish population-based case-control study involving incident cases of MS (1798 cases, 3907 controls), we calculated odds ratios (OR) for MS comparing parents with childless subjects together with 95% confidence intervals (CI) employing logistic regression. Results: Overall, there was an association between having children and reduced MS risk among both sexes. Subjects who had become parents within five years prior to the index year had a substantially reduced risk of developing MS (OR 0.6, 95% CI 0.5–0.8 for women, and OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.3–0.6 for men). No association between having children and MS risk was observed when more than 10 years had passed since the birth of the last child. We found no association between increasing offspring n...
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Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2012
In a Swedish population-based case-control study (1571 cases, 3371 controls), subjects with diffe... more In a Swedish population-based case-control study (1571 cases, 3371 controls), subjects with different body mass indices (BMIs) were compared regarding multiple sclerosis (MS) risk, by calculating odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Subjects whose BMI exceeded 27 kg/m2 at age 20 had a two-fold increased risk of developing MS compared with normal weight subjects. Speculatively, the obesity epidemic may explain part of the increasing MS incidence as recorded in some countries. Measures taken against adolescent obesity may thus be a preventive strategy against MS.
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Multiple Sclerosis Journal, 2013
Background: Smoking may contribute to the induction of neutralizing antibodies to interferon β-1a... more Background: Smoking may contribute to the induction of neutralizing antibodies to interferon β-1a. Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of smoking on the risk of developing antibodies to natalizumab, another biological drug in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Methods: This report is based on 1338 natalizumab-treated multiple sclerosis patients included in either of two Swedish case-control studies in which information on smoking habits was collected. Using logistic regression, patients with different smoking habits were compared regarding risk of developing anti-natalizumab antibodies, by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Results: Compared with nonsmokers, the odds ratio of developing anti-natalizumab antibodies was 2.4 (95% CI 1.2–4.4) for patients who smoked at the time of screening, and a significant trend showed higher risk of developing antibodies with higher intensity of smoking. When smoking within two years prior to screeni...
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European journal of neurology : the official journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies, 2015
The possible interaction between adolescent obesity and past infectious mononucleosis (IM) was in... more The possible interaction between adolescent obesity and past infectious mononucleosis (IM) was investigated with regard to multiple sclerosis (MS) risk. This report is based on two population-based case-control studies, one with incident cases (1780 cases, 3885 controls) and one with prevalent cases (4502 cases, 4039 controls). Subjects were categorized based on adolescent body mass index (BMI) and past IM and compared with regard to occurrence of MS by calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) employing logistic regression. A potential interaction between adolescent BMI and past IM was evaluated by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction. Regardless of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) status, a substantial interaction was observed between adolescent obesity and past IM with regard to MS risk. The interaction was most evident when IM after the age of 10 was considered (attributable proportion due to interaction 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0 in the incident st...
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Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, 2018
Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for developing primary Sjogren's syndrome with Ro/SSA and ... more Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for developing primary Sjogren's syndrome with Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibodies
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Läkartidningen, 2007
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Objectives Lung exposures including cigarette smoking and silica exposure are associated with the... more Objectives Lung exposures including cigarette smoking and silica exposure are associated with the risk of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We investigated the association between textile dust exposure and the risk of RA in the Malaysian population, with a focus on women who rarely smoke. Methods Data from the Malaysian Epidemiological Investigation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (MyEIRA) population-based case-control study involving 910 female early RA cases and 910 female age-matched controls were analysed. Self-reported information on ever/never occupationally exposed to textile dust was used to estimate the risk of developing anti-citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA)-positive and ACPA-negative RA. Interaction between textile dust and the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope (SE) was evaluated by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP), with 95% CI. Results Occupational exposure to textile dust was significantly associated with an increased risk of developing RA in the Malaysian female population (OR 2.8, 95% CI: 1.6–5.2). The association between occupational exposure to textile dust and risk of RA was uniformly observed for the ACPA-positive RA (OR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.3–4.8) and ACPA-negative RA (OR 3.5, 95% CI: 1.7–7.0) subsets, respectively. We observed a significant interaction between exposure to occupational textile dust and HLA-DRB1 SE alleles regarding the risk of ACPA-positive RA (OR for double exposed: 39.1, 95% CI: 5.1–297.5; AP: 0.8, 95% CI: 0.5–1.2). Conclusions This is the first study demonstrating that textile dust exposure is associated with an increased risk for RA. In addition a gene-environment interaction between HLA-DRB1 SE and textile dust exposure provides a high risk for ACPA-positive RA.
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PubMed, Dec 19, 1990
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PubMed, Feb 15, 2005
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PubMed, Sep 11, 1996
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PubMed, Apr 3, 2007
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PubMed, 1995
An epidemiological investigation has been initiated from Sweden with the aim to study and compare... more An epidemiological investigation has been initiated from Sweden with the aim to study and compare dental health, dental treatment needs and attitudes to dental care in two well-defined age-groups, children of 5 and 12 years of age, in eight EU countries. To ensure comparability of the clinical registrations, data collection was preceded by clinical calibrations of the examiners from the participating countries. All the examiners participated in a workshop with initial calibration exercises. Agreement, expressed as sensitivity, was measured between the Swedish examiner acting as the reference examiner and each of the other examiners in turn, and assessed separately for the two age-groups. For DMFS/dmfs, agreement ranged from 44.3% to 82.2%. These results were discussed and where necessary the criteria were modified and/or made more stringent, so that they were clearcut and could be adhered to consistently. In a second calibration between the Swedish and the national examiner undertaken in each of the seven countries, the inter-examiner agreement (sensitivity) varied between 85.4% and 100%. The mean sensitivity for DMFS/dmfs after the total calibration procedures was 89.5% for the 12-year olds and 91.7 for the 5-year olds. The mean sensitivity for both age-groups together was 90.6% and the corresponding value for specificity was 98.9%.
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Oxford University Press eBooks, Sep 1, 2020
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a heterogeneous disease, consisting of distinct subsets with partly ... more Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a heterogeneous disease, consisting of distinct subsets with partly distinct aetiologies and risk factors. Such risk factors are environmental, including lifestyle mediated and genetic, and these factors must always be considered in the context of stochastic (i.e. chance) factors. As RA is a disease where immune reactions often precede symptoms, and where symptoms that do not involve joint inflammation such as joint pain, bone loss, and fatigue may precede arthritis, and where severe symptoms and comorbidities may follow after the first episode of joint inflammation, we also have to consider risk factors during these different phases of disease development. This chapter focuses on environmental, including lifestyle, factors, and on when and how during disease development such factors are active. The chapter also describes pathogenic mechanisms that may be triggered by such risk factors. Particular emphasis is on recognition of modifiable environmental/lifestyle factors as such knowledge can be used in primary as well as secondary prevention and also to improve effects of current pharmacological treatments.
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Associations betwwen physically demanding work and life-style : Results from the Swedish WOLF study
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Papers by Lars Alfredsson