We investigated the contribution of earthquake-induced surface movements to the ground displaceme... more We investigated the contribution of earthquake-induced surface movements to the ground displacements detected through Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data, after the Mw 3.9 Ischia earthquake on 21 August 2017. A permanent displacement approach, based on the limit equilibrium method, allowed estimation of the spatial extent of the earthquake-induced landslides and the associated probability of failure. The proposed procedure identified critical areas potentially affected by slope movements partially overlapping the coseismic ground displacement retrieved by InSAR data. Therefore, the observed ground displacement field is the combination of both fault slip and surficial sliding caused by the seismic shaking. These findings highlight the need to perform preliminary calculations to account for the non-tectonic contributions to ground displacements before any estimation of the earthquake source geometry and kinematics. Such information is fundamental to avoid both the in...
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a valuable and well-established inversion technique for the es... more Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a valuable and well-established inversion technique for the estimation of geophysical parameters from satellite images. After training, ANNs are able to generate very fast products for several types of applications. Satellite remote sensing is an efficient way to detect and map strong earthquake damage for contributing to post-disaster activities during emergency phases. This work aims at presenting an application of the ANN inversion technique addressed to the evaluation of building collapse ratio (CR), defined as the number of collapsed buildings with respect to the total number of buildings in a city block, by employing optical and SAR satellite data. This is done in order to directly relate changes in images with damage that has occurred during strong earthquakes. Furthermore, once they have been trained, neural networks can be used rapidly at application stage. The goal was to obtain a general tool suitable for re-use in different scenarios. A...
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2013
ABSTRACT The coseismic slip distribution of the Mw 9.0 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake has been estima... more ABSTRACT The coseismic slip distribution of the Mw 9.0 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake has been estimated by inverting near-field onshore and offshore geodetic data, using Green's function calculated with a 3-D finite element (FE) model. The FE model simulates several geophysical features of the subduction zone that hosted the rupture surface of the event. These features include a 3-D geometric configuration and distribution of material properties of the tectonic system, a precise geometric configuration of the irregular rupture surface, and an irregular free surface according to the topography and bathymetry. A model that simulates rupture along the interface between the relatively weak overriding Okhotsk plate and stiff subducting slab of the Pacific Plate requires less slip to produce the observed surface deformation, compared to a model having uniform material properties across the rupture interface. Furthermore, the estimated slip of the heterogeneous model is more widely distributed over the shallow portion of the plate boundary, whereas the estimated slip of the homogeneous model is more focused updip of the epicenter. This demonstrates the sensitivity of inverse analyses of geodetic data for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake to the simulated domain geometry and configuration of material properties.
The Alban Hills volcanic complex, 15 km SE of Rome, Italy, is considered a quiescent volcano, who... more The Alban Hills volcanic complex, 15 km SE of Rome, Italy, is considered a quiescent volcano, whose last erupted products have been radiometrically dated at 20 ka [1]. The area of most recent activity (maar lakes of Albano and Nemi, last magmatic products younger than 23 ka, Funiciello et al., in press) experienced periodical unrest episodes documented since the Roman
The Alban Hills volcanic complex, SE of Rome, Italy, experienced periodical unrest episodes in th... more The Alban Hills volcanic complex, SE of Rome, Italy, experienced periodical unrest episodes in the upper Holocene. They consist of intermittent swarms of moderate intensity earthquakes, documented since the Roman Age, of occasional episodes of magmatic CO2 release, and of variations of the uplift rate in the area of the youngest volcanic centres. The latter in particular have been inferred
We investigated the contribution of earthquake-induced surface movements to the ground displaceme... more We investigated the contribution of earthquake-induced surface movements to the ground displacements detected through Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data, after the Mw 3.9 Ischia earthquake on 21 August 2017. A permanent displacement approach, based on the limit equilibrium method, allowed estimation of the spatial extent of the earthquake-induced landslides and the associated probability of failure. The proposed procedure identified critical areas potentially affected by slope movements partially overlapping the coseismic ground displacement retrieved by InSAR data. Therefore, the observed ground displacement field is the combination of both fault slip and surficial sliding caused by the seismic shaking. These findings highlight the need to perform preliminary calculations to account for the non-tectonic contributions to ground displacements before any estimation of the earthquake source geometry and kinematics. Such information is fundamental to avoid both the in...
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a valuable and well-established inversion technique for the es... more Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a valuable and well-established inversion technique for the estimation of geophysical parameters from satellite images. After training, ANNs are able to generate very fast products for several types of applications. Satellite remote sensing is an efficient way to detect and map strong earthquake damage for contributing to post-disaster activities during emergency phases. This work aims at presenting an application of the ANN inversion technique addressed to the evaluation of building collapse ratio (CR), defined as the number of collapsed buildings with respect to the total number of buildings in a city block, by employing optical and SAR satellite data. This is done in order to directly relate changes in images with damage that has occurred during strong earthquakes. Furthermore, once they have been trained, neural networks can be used rapidly at application stage. The goal was to obtain a general tool suitable for re-use in different scenarios. A...
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 2013
ABSTRACT The coseismic slip distribution of the Mw 9.0 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake has been estima... more ABSTRACT The coseismic slip distribution of the Mw 9.0 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake has been estimated by inverting near-field onshore and offshore geodetic data, using Green's function calculated with a 3-D finite element (FE) model. The FE model simulates several geophysical features of the subduction zone that hosted the rupture surface of the event. These features include a 3-D geometric configuration and distribution of material properties of the tectonic system, a precise geometric configuration of the irregular rupture surface, and an irregular free surface according to the topography and bathymetry. A model that simulates rupture along the interface between the relatively weak overriding Okhotsk plate and stiff subducting slab of the Pacific Plate requires less slip to produce the observed surface deformation, compared to a model having uniform material properties across the rupture interface. Furthermore, the estimated slip of the heterogeneous model is more widely distributed over the shallow portion of the plate boundary, whereas the estimated slip of the homogeneous model is more focused updip of the epicenter. This demonstrates the sensitivity of inverse analyses of geodetic data for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake to the simulated domain geometry and configuration of material properties.
The Alban Hills volcanic complex, 15 km SE of Rome, Italy, is considered a quiescent volcano, who... more The Alban Hills volcanic complex, 15 km SE of Rome, Italy, is considered a quiescent volcano, whose last erupted products have been radiometrically dated at 20 ka [1]. The area of most recent activity (maar lakes of Albano and Nemi, last magmatic products younger than 23 ka, Funiciello et al., in press) experienced periodical unrest episodes documented since the Roman
The Alban Hills volcanic complex, SE of Rome, Italy, experienced periodical unrest episodes in th... more The Alban Hills volcanic complex, SE of Rome, Italy, experienced periodical unrest episodes in the upper Holocene. They consist of intermittent swarms of moderate intensity earthquakes, documented since the Roman Age, of occasional episodes of magmatic CO2 release, and of variations of the uplift rate in the area of the youngest volcanic centres. The latter in particular have been inferred
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