Papers by Wiwit D Nurbadriyah
AVERROUS: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Malikussaleh, 2018
Anemia adalah keadaan yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya hemoglobin dalam tubuh. Hemoglobin adalah... more Anemia adalah keadaan yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya hemoglobin dalam tubuh. Hemoglobin adalah suatu metaloprotein yaitu protein yang mengandung zat besi di dalam sel darah merah yang berfungsi sebagai pengangkut oksigen dari paru-paru ke seluruh tubuh. Anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang disebabkan karena kekurangan besi yang digunakan untuk sintesis hemoglobin (Hb) 1. Gejala dari anemia secara umum adalah lemah, tanda keadaan hiperdinamik (denyut nadi kuat dan cepat, jantung berdebar, dan roaring in the ears). Banyak faktor yang dapat menyebabkan terjadinya anemia defisiensi besi yaitu kebutuhan yang meningkat, asupan zat besi yang kurang, infeksi, dan perdarahan saluran cerna dan juga terdapat faktor-faktor lainnya. Anemia defisiensi besi dapat di diagnosis dengan cara anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan penunjang. Penatalaksanaan anemia defisiensi besi dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian zat besi secara oral, secara intramuskular dan transfusi darah
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Iron deficiency anemia is a common iron deficiency in children. Iron is a constituent of hemoglob... more Iron deficiency anemia is a common iron deficiency in children. Iron is a constituent of hemoglobin. The
impact of iron deficiency anemia in children will slowly preventing intelligence development of children
and make them susceptible to less endurance so become easily sick. The highest prevalence of anemia is at
the end of infancy and early childhood preschool age. The role of the mother in the family is very
important in the diet of the child and the fulfillment of nutritional needs. This can be known through the
CFAM family assessment approach (Calgary Family Assessment Model). The research design is
descriptive explorative with 22 respondents from preschool age children at TK Muslimat Curungrejo
Kepanjen through purposive sampling technique. CFAM data collection consists of structural,
developmental and functional family assessment components. CFAM structural components consist of:
number of nuclear families, order of children, gender, family boundaries, extended family, environment,
religion, purchasing power. Developmental components include family relationships, relationships with
the environment and available means. Functional component is an influential component because it is
related to daily life activities, consisting of routine activities, responsible for caring for children, problem
solving, beliefs of disease and follow-up during illness. Mothers role in the prevention of anemia are
mostly not routine (54.5%). Responsible of caring for children is 50% by one parent only (mother) .How
to solve the problem is done by the head of the family (68.1%). Follow-up during illness by making
curative effort is 72.7%. Disease believed is 81.8% assumes that anemia is not a dangerous disease. Efforts
that need to be done is screening the incidence of anemia in children so it can lead to the right prevention
and handling, and also optimization of Toddlers Posyandu to provide health education about the
importance of iron for children.
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Deepublish, 2018
Sistem pencernaan terdiri dari saluran pencernaan yaitu tuba muscular panjang yang merentang dari... more Sistem pencernaan terdiri dari saluran pencernaan yaitu tuba muscular panjang yang merentang dari mulut sampai anus, dan organ-organ aksesoris, seperti gigi, lidah, kelenjar ludah (saliva), hati, kantung empedu, dan pankreas. Saluran pencernaan yang terletak di bawah area diafragma disebut saluran gastrointestinal (GIT).Fungsi utama sistem ini adalah untuk menyediakan makanan, air, dan elektrolit bagi tubuh dari nutrien yang dicerna sehingga siap diabsorbsi.
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Deepublish, 2019
Anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang timbul karena kekurangan zat besi sehingga pembentukan ... more Anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang timbul karena kekurangan zat besi sehingga pembentukan sel-sel darah merah dan fungsi lain dalam tubuh terganggu (Adriani & Wirjatmadi, 2012)
Menurut Kiswari (2014) adalah anemia defisiensi besi bisa merupakan akibat yang utama karena kehilangan darah atau tidak memadainya masukan besi. Hal ini juga dapat merupakan kondisi sekunder yang disebabkan proses penyakit atau kondisi yang menguras cadangan besi, seperti perdarahan saluran pencernaan atau karena kehamilan.
Menurut Supandiman (2007) anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang sekunder terhadap kekurangan besi yang tersedia untuk sintesa hemoglobin. Oleh karena itu besi merupakan bagian dari molekul hemoglobin maka dengan berkurangnya besi, sintesa hemoglobin berkurang dan akhirnya adalah kadar hemoglobin akan menurun.
Menurut Brunner dan Suddarth (2011) anemia defisiensi besi adalah keadaan dimana kandungan besi tubuh total turun dibawah tingkat normal. (besi diperlukan untuk sintesa hemoglobin). Merupakan jenis anemia paling sering pada semua kelompok umur. Anemia Defisiensi Besi (ADB) adalah anemia yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya besi yang diperlukan untuk sintesa hemoglobin. Anemia ini merupakan bentuk anemia yang paling sering ditemukan di dunia, terutama di Negara yang sedang berkembang. Diperkirakan sekitar 30% penduduk dunia menderita anemia, dan lebih dari setengahnya merupakan anemia defisiensi besi. Anemia defisiensi lebih sering ditemukan di negara yang sedang berkembang sehubungan dengan kemampuan ekonomi yang terbatas, masukan protein hewani yang rendah,
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Literasi Nusantara, 2020
Buku “Asuhan Keperawatan Konstipasi dengan Pendekatan 3S
(SDKI, SLKI dan SIKI)” merupakan bagian ... more Buku “Asuhan Keperawatan Konstipasi dengan Pendekatan 3S
(SDKI, SLKI dan SIKI)” merupakan bagian dari ilmu asuhan
keperawatan sistem pencernaan dengan pendekatan 3S yaitu SDKI
(Standart Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia), SLKI (Standart Luaran
keperawatan Indonesia) dan SIKI (Standart Intervensi Keperawatan
Indonesia).Dalam buku Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia (SDKI)
konstipasi diartikan dengan penurunan defekasi normal yang disertai
pengeluaran feses sulit dan tidak tuntas serta feses kering dan banyak.
Konstipasi merupakan salah satu gejala yang paling sering dari keluhan
gastrointestinal. Diderita sekitar 25% dari populasi dalam satu waktu,
lebih sering terjadi pada wanita dan orang lanjut usia
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International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation Vol. 24, Issue 7, 2020 ISSN: 1475-7192, 2020
The number of Patients with hypertension continues to increase every year. Hypertension is often ... more The number of Patients with hypertension continues to increase every year. Hypertension is often referred to as " The Silent Killer " disease. The ability to regulate dietary patterns to prevent complications is needed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the ability to regulate dietary patterns in patients with hypertension. The design of this research was analytic observational with a cross-sectional approach. Samples were taken using a purposive sampling technique resulting in 92 respondents. Inclusion criteria are people with hypertension in Tegalsari Village, Kepanjen, Malang who are willing to be respondents and the exclusion criterion is a mental disorder. This study using a closed questionnaire (list of questions with answers provided by the researcher) which includes knowledge, attitude, health worker support and an ability questionnaire (regulation of dietary patterns for hypertension sufferers). Statistical tests used multiple linear regression analysis tests. The results of the multiple linear regression analysis test found that from the variables knowledge, attitude, support of health workers the attitude variable had the biggest influence on the ability to regulate dietary patterns with a significance value (p-value: <0.001), followed by knowledge (p-value: 0.227) and support of health workers (p-value: 0.969). Attitude is the most important factor that can influence the ability to regulate dietary patterns, so it is necessary to increase a positive attitude in someone to improve the ability to regulate diet and to prevent an increase in uncontrolled blood pressure or hypertension complications.
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International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation, 2020
PWLA is used to refer to people living with HIV/AIDS. It is not uncommon for PWLA to possess nega... more PWLA is used to refer to people living with HIV/AIDS. It is not uncommon for PWLA to possess negative habits. The act of labeling or viewing them negatively has become a sort of social stigma. In its practice, the stigma may result in discrimination such as not recognizing PWLA as human beings worthy of dignity. One of the efforts to avoid such discrimination is through healthcare-related and educational approaches through peer groups with the aim of raising society's awareness of HIV-AIDS. Therefore, PWLA can be accepted by society. The purpose of this study was to reduce the community's negative stigma towards PWLA. Pre-experimental action research with a one group pretest-posttest design was used in this study. The sample was selected using a simple random sampling technique. The independent variable was peer support and the dependent variable was the respondent's stigma. The data was collected using a questionnaire that had good validity and reliability. The data was collected using questionnaires focused on the results of the modified HIV stigma scale by Berger with as many as 40 items. The measurements were done 2 times with the 48 respondents who were people living with HIV-AIDS at CAKAP Foundation Talok Turen Village, Malang District. Peer group support was given 4 times for 1 month with 1-2 hours set aside for the meeting duration. The data was analyzed in a bivariate and comparative manner using the Wilcoxon signed rank test for normally undistributed data at a significance level of p<0.05. The results of the research show improvements in society's perception with a positively valued difference (p=0.000) before and after the intervention. The conclusion on the change in society's stigma perception of PWLA is consistent. Health education with a peer education intervention is effective when it comes to changing the perception of others in order to avoid stigma focused on PWLAs. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the frequency of the intervention and to conduct continuous health care education.
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konstipasi adalah kelambatan atau kesulitan dalam defekasi yang terjadi dalam 2 minggu atau lebih... more konstipasi adalah kelambatan atau kesulitan dalam defekasi yang terjadi dalam 2 minggu atau lebih dan cukup membuat pasien menderita (NAPSGAN, 2006). Dalam buku Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia (SDKI) konstipasi diartikan dengan penurunan defekasi normal yang disertai pengeluaran feses sulit dan tidak tuntas serta feses kering dan banyak.
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Jurnal lentera, 2016
Diare adalah kondisi pengeluaran tinja cair, kadang bercampur darah dan lendir sehingga cairan tu... more Diare adalah kondisi pengeluaran tinja cair, kadang bercampur darah dan lendir sehingga cairan tubuh hilang dan dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi bahkan kematian terutama pada bayi dan anak usia dibawah lima tahun. Penanganan pertama selama di rumah yang kurang tepat bisa menyebabkan anak jatuh pada kondisi yang lebih parah. Upaya peningkatan perilaku keluarga yang bisa dilakukan melalui intervensi pendekatan keluarga salah satunya menggunakan CFIM (Calgary Family Intervention Model).Metode:Rancangan penelitian design pra eksperimental dengan sampel 35 ibu dengan anak usia 1-5 tahun yang pernah menderita diare di desa Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen melalui purposive sampling. Data yang diambil yaitu demografi dan CFAM (Calgary Family Asessment Model) dan data khusus tentang perilaku (pengetahuan, sikap, tindakan) keluarga dalam penanganan pertama diare. Analisa data Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test dengan α 0.05. Hasil: uji statistic menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan dan sikap keluarga dengan p value=0.00, sedangkan praktik keluarga tidak mengalami perubahan setelah dilakukan intervensi (p=1). Pembahasan:CFAM pada komponen fungsional merupakan pengkajian fungsi keluarga yang merujuk pada akivitassehari-hari didapatkan sebagian besar kurang. Hal ini berperan dalam perilaku responden yang tidak mengalami perubahan setelah dilakukan CFIM. Kesimpulan: CFIM dapat meningkatkan perilaku keluarga (pengetahuan dan sikap) dalam penanganan pertama diare anak.
Kata kunci: CFIM, penanganan pertama, diare, anak 1-5 tahun
ABSTRACT Introduction Diarrhea is a condition of expenditures liquid stools, sometimes mixed with blood and mucus so the body fluid drained through feces and can lead to dehydration and even death, especially in infants and children under five years. Incorrect first aidsat home can cause the child to fall in more severe conditions.The efforts to increase family behaviors can be done through the intervention of a family approach by using CFIM.Method:The study design was pre-experimental design with a sample of 35 mothers with children aged 1 to 5 years who had diarrhea in the village Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen used purposive sampling techniques. Data taken, were demography, CFAM and specific data about behavior (knowledge, attitude, action) of family in giving first aids for diarrhea. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with α 0,05.Result:Statistical test results showed an increase in knowledge and attitudes of families with p value=0.00, while the family practices did not change after the intervention (p=1).Discussion:CFAM on the functional components was an assessment of family functioning that referred to the activity of daily life was obtained with deficient. It played a role in the behavior of respondents who did not change after CFIM was done.Conclusion:CFIM can improve the behavior of the family (knowledge and attitude) in the first treatment of diarrhea children.
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Jurnal Hesti wira sakti, 2017
Anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang timbul karena kekurangan zat besi (Fe). Besi merupakan ... more Anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang timbul karena kekurangan zat besi (Fe). Besi merupakan elemen mikronutrien yang penting, jika kekurangan akan manghambat pertumbuhan dan perkembangan kecerdasan, rentan terserang penyakit karena penurunan imunitas. Prevalensi tertinggi pada akhir masa bayi dan awal masa kanak-kanak (prasekolah). Zat besi bagi anak sangat penting sehingga perlu upaya pencegahan primer defisiensi besi melalui pemberian makanan sehat. Peran keluarga (ibu) sangat penting karena usia prasekolah belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan gizi secara mandiri, sehingga perlu bantuan dari keluarga. Perilaku ibu dalam pemenuhan gizi anak dapat diidentifikasi dengan pendekatan teori Health Promotion Model (HPM). HPM merupakan perspektif teori yang mengeksplorasi perilaku ibu dalam pencegahan anak prasekolah. Metode Rancangan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif design dengan sampel 25 responden yaitu ibu dari anak prasekolah di PAUD An Nur Sawahan Turen Malang melalui teknik sampling purposive. Pengumpulan data menggunakan instrumen. Data yang diambil yaitu demografi meliputi usia ibu, suku, motivasi dan data khusus perceived benefit, peceived barrier, perceived self efficacy, activity related affect. Hasil penelitian motivasi 64% kuat dan data khusus perceived benefit 60% memiliki persepsi positif tentang manfaat pencegahan anemia, peceived barrier 52% mempersepsikan adanya hambatan, perceived self efficacy 68% mempunyai persepsi yang kuat tentang kemampuan diri, activity related affect 64% memiliki sikap yang kuat dalam pencegahan anemia. Diskusi Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan melakukan pendampingan kepada keluarga melalui kader kesehatan tentang praktek pencegahan anemia dan pengoptimalan program meja 4 di Posyandu Balita untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang pentingnya zat besi.
Kata kunci: perilaku, pencegahan anemia, health promotion model
ABSTRACT Introduction Iron deficiency anemia is anemia resulting from a lack of iron (Fe). Iron is an important micronutrient elements. Anemia in children will gradually hinders the growth and development of intelligence, vulnerable to disease because of decreased immunity. The highest prevalence are in late infancy and early childhood (preschool). Iron is very important for children thus it needs primary prevention of iron deficiency through the administration of healthy food for children. The role of the family (the mother) is very important since preschool ages have not been able to meet the nutritional needs independently, so it needs the help of the closest environment that is family. Mother's behavior in the child nutrition meet can be identified with the theoretical approach of Health Promotion Model (HPM). HPM is a theoretical perspective that explores the behavior of mothers in the prevention of preschool children anemia. Method The design of descriptive was exploratory design study with a sample of 25 respondents namly mothers of preschool children in Early Childhood Education Program of An Nur Sawahan Turen Malang through purposive sampling techniques. Collecting data used instruments. Data taken were demography include maternal age, ethnicity, motivation and specific data perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, activity related affect. Result The results of motivational research was 64% strong and specific data of perceived benefit was 60% have a positive perception of the benefits of prevention of anemia, perceived barrier was 52%, perceived self-efficacy was 68% have a strong perception of self-efficacy, activity related Affect was 64% have strong attitude in the prevention of anemia.DiscussThe health worker is expected to provide guidance for families through health volunteers in terms of anemia prevention practices and optimization of program in integrated services for children under five years old in providing health education about the importance of iron.
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Jurnal ners dan kebidanan, 2015
Food borne disease (FBD) is a disease through consumption of contaminated food. The problem is th... more Food borne disease (FBD) is a disease through consumption of contaminated food. The problem is that, school children are vulnerable to FBD because of household food contamination. This indicates the family as a food handler hygiene mainly the mother who prepare the food needed to be improved. Most common FBD is diarrhea, one of the danger is that the child's body fluids are expelled out through the stool this can cause dehydration or even death. Family plays very important role in the handling of FBD first before being taken to the health service. This can be known through family studies approach CFAM (Calgary Family assessment model). The design of this study was descriptive eksplorative with a sample of 35 respondents; the 4 th graders and their parents (17 persons) and 5 th graders and their parents (18) in Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen Elemetary School through purposive sampling technique. The data taken were demographic and CFAM consists of the structural assessment components, development as well as family function. The family in first handling of food borne disease largely was not routine (71.4%). Ways of solving the problems mostly by the head of the family (74.3%). Responsible care for sick children mostly (57.2%) by only one parent (father / mother). Follow up during sick mostly made an effort (curative) as much as 85.7%. Family belief the majority (80%) considered that the first treatment at home was not needed because it could be taken directly to the health service. Health workers are expected to provide guidance for families through health volunteers on first handling practices of FBD. While schools are expected to perform optimization of UKS (School Health Unit) program to provide health education about the prevention and first treatment of FBD toward the school community.
Food borne disease (FBD) adalah penyakit melalui konsumsi makanan terkontaminasi. Masalah yang terjadi, FBD rentan menyerang anak sekolah karena kontaminasi makanan rumah tangga. Hal ini mengindikasikan hygiene keluarga sebagai food handler utama (ibu) yang menyiapkan makanan masih perlu peningkatan. FBD terbanyak adalah diare, salah satu bahayanya adalah cairan tubuh anak keluar melalui tinja dan dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi bahkan kematian. Peran keluarga sangat penting dalam penanganan pertama FBD sebelum dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan. Hal ini bisa diketahui melalui pendekatan pengkajian keluarga CFAM (Calgary Family Asessment Model). Rancangan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif design dengan sampel 35 responden yaitu orangtua beserta siswa kelas 4 (17 orang) dan 5 (18 orang) di SDN. Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen melalui teknik sampling purposive. Data yang diambil yaitu demografi dan CFAM terdiri dari komponen pengkajian structural, perkembangan serta fungsional keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keluarga dalam penanganan pertama FBD sebagian besar tidak rutin (71.4%). Cara pemecahan masalah sebagian besar oleh kepala keluarga (74.3%). Penanggungjawab merawat anak sakit sebagian besar (57.2%) oleh salah satu orangtua saja (ayah/ibu).Tindak lanjut saat sakit sebagian besar melakukan upaya pengobatan (kuratif) sebanyak 85.7%. Keyakinan keluarga sebagian besar (80%) menganggap bahwa penanganan pertama di rumah tidak diperlukan karena bisa langsung dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan. Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan melakukan pendampingan kepada keluarga melalui kader kesehatan tentang praktek penanganan pertama FBD. Sedangkan sekolah diharapkan melakukan pengoptimalan program UKS untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang pencegahan dan
penanganan pertama FBD kepada komunitas sekolah.
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Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan, 2019
Masalah.Kekurangan zat besi adalah penyebab yang paling umum terjadinya anemia gizi. Kejadian ane... more Masalah.Kekurangan zat besi adalah penyebab yang paling umum terjadinya anemia gizi. Kejadian anemia tertinggi ditemukan pada akhir masa bayi dan prasekolah. Pada mayoritas keluarga, ibu berperan penting dalam pengaturan makan anak dan pemenuhan kebutuhan gizi. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan perilaku pencegahan anemia pada anak adalah dengan Calgary Family Intervention Model (CFIM).Metode.Rancangan pre eksperiment one group pre post test design. Sampel adalah ibu dengan anak prasekolah yang bersekolah di TK Muslimat Curungrejo Kepanjen Malang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebanyak 22 (purposive sampling). Intervensi Calgary/CFIM dalam pencegahan anemia selama 3x pertemuan melalui kunjungan rumah, tiap pertemuan 50 menit dengan metode ceramah, diskusi, konseling. Instrumen menggunakan Food Frekuency Quistionare (FFQ). Analisa data menggunakan Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test dengan α 0.05. Hasil.Uji statistik menunjukkan peningkatan pengetahuan sebelum (54,5 %) dan sesudah (90.9%) dengan p value=0.004.Simpulan.Intervensi melalui kunjungan rumah selama 3 sesi dengan mengkombinasikan beberapa metode berperan dalam peningkatan pengetahuan responden setelah dilakukan intervensi. CFIM dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan ibu dalam pencegahan anemia anak. Kata kunci: CFIM, pengetahuan, pencegahan anemia, prasekolah ABSTRACT Introduction:.Iron deficiency is the most common cause of nutritional anemia. The highest incidence of anemia is found at the end of infancy and preschool. In the majority of families, mothers play an important role in the diet of children and the fulfillment of nutritional needs. One effort to improve the prevention behavior of anemia in children is the Calgary Family Intervention Model (CFIM). Method:.This research used pre-experiment one group only with pre post test design. Samples were mothers with preschool children who attend kindergarten Muslimat Curungrejo Kepanjen Malang who meet the inclusion criteria of 22 (purposive sampling)). Calgary intervention/CFIM in prevention of anemia for 3 times meeting through home visits, each session for 50 minutes using the lecture, discussion, and counseling methods. The instrument used Food Frequency Quistionare (FFQ).Data analysis used Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with α 0.05. Result:.The result showed increased knowledge before (54,5 %) dan after (90.9%) with p value = 0.004. Discussion:.Intervention through home visits for 3 sessions by combining several methods play a role in increasing respondents' knowledge after the intervention. CFIM can improve mother's knowledge in the prevention of childhood anemia.
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Papers by Wiwit D Nurbadriyah
impact of iron deficiency anemia in children will slowly preventing intelligence development of children
and make them susceptible to less endurance so become easily sick. The highest prevalence of anemia is at
the end of infancy and early childhood preschool age. The role of the mother in the family is very
important in the diet of the child and the fulfillment of nutritional needs. This can be known through the
CFAM family assessment approach (Calgary Family Assessment Model). The research design is
descriptive explorative with 22 respondents from preschool age children at TK Muslimat Curungrejo
Kepanjen through purposive sampling technique. CFAM data collection consists of structural,
developmental and functional family assessment components. CFAM structural components consist of:
number of nuclear families, order of children, gender, family boundaries, extended family, environment,
religion, purchasing power. Developmental components include family relationships, relationships with
the environment and available means. Functional component is an influential component because it is
related to daily life activities, consisting of routine activities, responsible for caring for children, problem
solving, beliefs of disease and follow-up during illness. Mothers role in the prevention of anemia are
mostly not routine (54.5%). Responsible of caring for children is 50% by one parent only (mother) .How
to solve the problem is done by the head of the family (68.1%). Follow-up during illness by making
curative effort is 72.7%. Disease believed is 81.8% assumes that anemia is not a dangerous disease. Efforts
that need to be done is screening the incidence of anemia in children so it can lead to the right prevention
and handling, and also optimization of Toddlers Posyandu to provide health education about the
importance of iron for children.
Menurut Kiswari (2014) adalah anemia defisiensi besi bisa merupakan akibat yang utama karena kehilangan darah atau tidak memadainya masukan besi. Hal ini juga dapat merupakan kondisi sekunder yang disebabkan proses penyakit atau kondisi yang menguras cadangan besi, seperti perdarahan saluran pencernaan atau karena kehamilan.
Menurut Supandiman (2007) anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang sekunder terhadap kekurangan besi yang tersedia untuk sintesa hemoglobin. Oleh karena itu besi merupakan bagian dari molekul hemoglobin maka dengan berkurangnya besi, sintesa hemoglobin berkurang dan akhirnya adalah kadar hemoglobin akan menurun.
Menurut Brunner dan Suddarth (2011) anemia defisiensi besi adalah keadaan dimana kandungan besi tubuh total turun dibawah tingkat normal. (besi diperlukan untuk sintesa hemoglobin). Merupakan jenis anemia paling sering pada semua kelompok umur. Anemia Defisiensi Besi (ADB) adalah anemia yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya besi yang diperlukan untuk sintesa hemoglobin. Anemia ini merupakan bentuk anemia yang paling sering ditemukan di dunia, terutama di Negara yang sedang berkembang. Diperkirakan sekitar 30% penduduk dunia menderita anemia, dan lebih dari setengahnya merupakan anemia defisiensi besi. Anemia defisiensi lebih sering ditemukan di negara yang sedang berkembang sehubungan dengan kemampuan ekonomi yang terbatas, masukan protein hewani yang rendah,
(SDKI, SLKI dan SIKI)” merupakan bagian dari ilmu asuhan
keperawatan sistem pencernaan dengan pendekatan 3S yaitu SDKI
(Standart Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia), SLKI (Standart Luaran
keperawatan Indonesia) dan SIKI (Standart Intervensi Keperawatan
Indonesia).Dalam buku Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia (SDKI)
konstipasi diartikan dengan penurunan defekasi normal yang disertai
pengeluaran feses sulit dan tidak tuntas serta feses kering dan banyak.
Konstipasi merupakan salah satu gejala yang paling sering dari keluhan
gastrointestinal. Diderita sekitar 25% dari populasi dalam satu waktu,
lebih sering terjadi pada wanita dan orang lanjut usia
Kata kunci: CFIM, penanganan pertama, diare, anak 1-5 tahun
ABSTRACT Introduction Diarrhea is a condition of expenditures liquid stools, sometimes mixed with blood and mucus so the body fluid drained through feces and can lead to dehydration and even death, especially in infants and children under five years. Incorrect first aidsat home can cause the child to fall in more severe conditions.The efforts to increase family behaviors can be done through the intervention of a family approach by using CFIM.Method:The study design was pre-experimental design with a sample of 35 mothers with children aged 1 to 5 years who had diarrhea in the village Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen used purposive sampling techniques. Data taken, were demography, CFAM and specific data about behavior (knowledge, attitude, action) of family in giving first aids for diarrhea. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with α 0,05.Result:Statistical test results showed an increase in knowledge and attitudes of families with p value=0.00, while the family practices did not change after the intervention (p=1).Discussion:CFAM on the functional components was an assessment of family functioning that referred to the activity of daily life was obtained with deficient. It played a role in the behavior of respondents who did not change after CFIM was done.Conclusion:CFIM can improve the behavior of the family (knowledge and attitude) in the first treatment of diarrhea children.
Kata kunci: perilaku, pencegahan anemia, health promotion model
ABSTRACT Introduction Iron deficiency anemia is anemia resulting from a lack of iron (Fe). Iron is an important micronutrient elements. Anemia in children will gradually hinders the growth and development of intelligence, vulnerable to disease because of decreased immunity. The highest prevalence are in late infancy and early childhood (preschool). Iron is very important for children thus it needs primary prevention of iron deficiency through the administration of healthy food for children. The role of the family (the mother) is very important since preschool ages have not been able to meet the nutritional needs independently, so it needs the help of the closest environment that is family. Mother's behavior in the child nutrition meet can be identified with the theoretical approach of Health Promotion Model (HPM). HPM is a theoretical perspective that explores the behavior of mothers in the prevention of preschool children anemia. Method The design of descriptive was exploratory design study with a sample of 25 respondents namly mothers of preschool children in Early Childhood Education Program of An Nur Sawahan Turen Malang through purposive sampling techniques. Collecting data used instruments. Data taken were demography include maternal age, ethnicity, motivation and specific data perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, activity related affect. Result The results of motivational research was 64% strong and specific data of perceived benefit was 60% have a positive perception of the benefits of prevention of anemia, perceived barrier was 52%, perceived self-efficacy was 68% have a strong perception of self-efficacy, activity related Affect was 64% have strong attitude in the prevention of anemia.DiscussThe health worker is expected to provide guidance for families through health volunteers in terms of anemia prevention practices and optimization of program in integrated services for children under five years old in providing health education about the importance of iron.
Food borne disease (FBD) adalah penyakit melalui konsumsi makanan terkontaminasi. Masalah yang terjadi, FBD rentan menyerang anak sekolah karena kontaminasi makanan rumah tangga. Hal ini mengindikasikan hygiene keluarga sebagai food handler utama (ibu) yang menyiapkan makanan masih perlu peningkatan. FBD terbanyak adalah diare, salah satu bahayanya adalah cairan tubuh anak keluar melalui tinja dan dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi bahkan kematian. Peran keluarga sangat penting dalam penanganan pertama FBD sebelum dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan. Hal ini bisa diketahui melalui pendekatan pengkajian keluarga CFAM (Calgary Family Asessment Model). Rancangan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif design dengan sampel 35 responden yaitu orangtua beserta siswa kelas 4 (17 orang) dan 5 (18 orang) di SDN. Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen melalui teknik sampling purposive. Data yang diambil yaitu demografi dan CFAM terdiri dari komponen pengkajian structural, perkembangan serta fungsional keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keluarga dalam penanganan pertama FBD sebagian besar tidak rutin (71.4%). Cara pemecahan masalah sebagian besar oleh kepala keluarga (74.3%). Penanggungjawab merawat anak sakit sebagian besar (57.2%) oleh salah satu orangtua saja (ayah/ibu).Tindak lanjut saat sakit sebagian besar melakukan upaya pengobatan (kuratif) sebanyak 85.7%. Keyakinan keluarga sebagian besar (80%) menganggap bahwa penanganan pertama di rumah tidak diperlukan karena bisa langsung dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan. Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan melakukan pendampingan kepada keluarga melalui kader kesehatan tentang praktek penanganan pertama FBD. Sedangkan sekolah diharapkan melakukan pengoptimalan program UKS untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang pencegahan dan
penanganan pertama FBD kepada komunitas sekolah.
impact of iron deficiency anemia in children will slowly preventing intelligence development of children
and make them susceptible to less endurance so become easily sick. The highest prevalence of anemia is at
the end of infancy and early childhood preschool age. The role of the mother in the family is very
important in the diet of the child and the fulfillment of nutritional needs. This can be known through the
CFAM family assessment approach (Calgary Family Assessment Model). The research design is
descriptive explorative with 22 respondents from preschool age children at TK Muslimat Curungrejo
Kepanjen through purposive sampling technique. CFAM data collection consists of structural,
developmental and functional family assessment components. CFAM structural components consist of:
number of nuclear families, order of children, gender, family boundaries, extended family, environment,
religion, purchasing power. Developmental components include family relationships, relationships with
the environment and available means. Functional component is an influential component because it is
related to daily life activities, consisting of routine activities, responsible for caring for children, problem
solving, beliefs of disease and follow-up during illness. Mothers role in the prevention of anemia are
mostly not routine (54.5%). Responsible of caring for children is 50% by one parent only (mother) .How
to solve the problem is done by the head of the family (68.1%). Follow-up during illness by making
curative effort is 72.7%. Disease believed is 81.8% assumes that anemia is not a dangerous disease. Efforts
that need to be done is screening the incidence of anemia in children so it can lead to the right prevention
and handling, and also optimization of Toddlers Posyandu to provide health education about the
importance of iron for children.
Menurut Kiswari (2014) adalah anemia defisiensi besi bisa merupakan akibat yang utama karena kehilangan darah atau tidak memadainya masukan besi. Hal ini juga dapat merupakan kondisi sekunder yang disebabkan proses penyakit atau kondisi yang menguras cadangan besi, seperti perdarahan saluran pencernaan atau karena kehamilan.
Menurut Supandiman (2007) anemia defisiensi besi adalah anemia yang sekunder terhadap kekurangan besi yang tersedia untuk sintesa hemoglobin. Oleh karena itu besi merupakan bagian dari molekul hemoglobin maka dengan berkurangnya besi, sintesa hemoglobin berkurang dan akhirnya adalah kadar hemoglobin akan menurun.
Menurut Brunner dan Suddarth (2011) anemia defisiensi besi adalah keadaan dimana kandungan besi tubuh total turun dibawah tingkat normal. (besi diperlukan untuk sintesa hemoglobin). Merupakan jenis anemia paling sering pada semua kelompok umur. Anemia Defisiensi Besi (ADB) adalah anemia yang disebabkan oleh kurangnya besi yang diperlukan untuk sintesa hemoglobin. Anemia ini merupakan bentuk anemia yang paling sering ditemukan di dunia, terutama di Negara yang sedang berkembang. Diperkirakan sekitar 30% penduduk dunia menderita anemia, dan lebih dari setengahnya merupakan anemia defisiensi besi. Anemia defisiensi lebih sering ditemukan di negara yang sedang berkembang sehubungan dengan kemampuan ekonomi yang terbatas, masukan protein hewani yang rendah,
(SDKI, SLKI dan SIKI)” merupakan bagian dari ilmu asuhan
keperawatan sistem pencernaan dengan pendekatan 3S yaitu SDKI
(Standart Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia), SLKI (Standart Luaran
keperawatan Indonesia) dan SIKI (Standart Intervensi Keperawatan
Indonesia).Dalam buku Standar Diagnosis Keperawatan Indonesia (SDKI)
konstipasi diartikan dengan penurunan defekasi normal yang disertai
pengeluaran feses sulit dan tidak tuntas serta feses kering dan banyak.
Konstipasi merupakan salah satu gejala yang paling sering dari keluhan
gastrointestinal. Diderita sekitar 25% dari populasi dalam satu waktu,
lebih sering terjadi pada wanita dan orang lanjut usia
Kata kunci: CFIM, penanganan pertama, diare, anak 1-5 tahun
ABSTRACT Introduction Diarrhea is a condition of expenditures liquid stools, sometimes mixed with blood and mucus so the body fluid drained through feces and can lead to dehydration and even death, especially in infants and children under five years. Incorrect first aidsat home can cause the child to fall in more severe conditions.The efforts to increase family behaviors can be done through the intervention of a family approach by using CFIM.Method:The study design was pre-experimental design with a sample of 35 mothers with children aged 1 to 5 years who had diarrhea in the village Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen used purposive sampling techniques. Data taken, were demography, CFAM and specific data about behavior (knowledge, attitude, action) of family in giving first aids for diarrhea. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Sign Rank Test with α 0,05.Result:Statistical test results showed an increase in knowledge and attitudes of families with p value=0.00, while the family practices did not change after the intervention (p=1).Discussion:CFAM on the functional components was an assessment of family functioning that referred to the activity of daily life was obtained with deficient. It played a role in the behavior of respondents who did not change after CFIM was done.Conclusion:CFIM can improve the behavior of the family (knowledge and attitude) in the first treatment of diarrhea children.
Kata kunci: perilaku, pencegahan anemia, health promotion model
ABSTRACT Introduction Iron deficiency anemia is anemia resulting from a lack of iron (Fe). Iron is an important micronutrient elements. Anemia in children will gradually hinders the growth and development of intelligence, vulnerable to disease because of decreased immunity. The highest prevalence are in late infancy and early childhood (preschool). Iron is very important for children thus it needs primary prevention of iron deficiency through the administration of healthy food for children. The role of the family (the mother) is very important since preschool ages have not been able to meet the nutritional needs independently, so it needs the help of the closest environment that is family. Mother's behavior in the child nutrition meet can be identified with the theoretical approach of Health Promotion Model (HPM). HPM is a theoretical perspective that explores the behavior of mothers in the prevention of preschool children anemia. Method The design of descriptive was exploratory design study with a sample of 25 respondents namly mothers of preschool children in Early Childhood Education Program of An Nur Sawahan Turen Malang through purposive sampling techniques. Collecting data used instruments. Data taken were demography include maternal age, ethnicity, motivation and specific data perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, activity related affect. Result The results of motivational research was 64% strong and specific data of perceived benefit was 60% have a positive perception of the benefits of prevention of anemia, perceived barrier was 52%, perceived self-efficacy was 68% have a strong perception of self-efficacy, activity related Affect was 64% have strong attitude in the prevention of anemia.DiscussThe health worker is expected to provide guidance for families through health volunteers in terms of anemia prevention practices and optimization of program in integrated services for children under five years old in providing health education about the importance of iron.
Food borne disease (FBD) adalah penyakit melalui konsumsi makanan terkontaminasi. Masalah yang terjadi, FBD rentan menyerang anak sekolah karena kontaminasi makanan rumah tangga. Hal ini mengindikasikan hygiene keluarga sebagai food handler utama (ibu) yang menyiapkan makanan masih perlu peningkatan. FBD terbanyak adalah diare, salah satu bahayanya adalah cairan tubuh anak keluar melalui tinja dan dapat menyebabkan dehidrasi bahkan kematian. Peran keluarga sangat penting dalam penanganan pertama FBD sebelum dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan. Hal ini bisa diketahui melalui pendekatan pengkajian keluarga CFAM (Calgary Family Asessment Model). Rancangan penelitian deskriptif eksploratif design dengan sampel 35 responden yaitu orangtua beserta siswa kelas 4 (17 orang) dan 5 (18 orang) di SDN. Jatirejoyoso Kepanjen melalui teknik sampling purposive. Data yang diambil yaitu demografi dan CFAM terdiri dari komponen pengkajian structural, perkembangan serta fungsional keluarga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa keluarga dalam penanganan pertama FBD sebagian besar tidak rutin (71.4%). Cara pemecahan masalah sebagian besar oleh kepala keluarga (74.3%). Penanggungjawab merawat anak sakit sebagian besar (57.2%) oleh salah satu orangtua saja (ayah/ibu).Tindak lanjut saat sakit sebagian besar melakukan upaya pengobatan (kuratif) sebanyak 85.7%. Keyakinan keluarga sebagian besar (80%) menganggap bahwa penanganan pertama di rumah tidak diperlukan karena bisa langsung dibawa ke pelayanan kesehatan. Tenaga kesehatan diharapkan melakukan pendampingan kepada keluarga melalui kader kesehatan tentang praktek penanganan pertama FBD. Sedangkan sekolah diharapkan melakukan pengoptimalan program UKS untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang pencegahan dan
penanganan pertama FBD kepada komunitas sekolah.