In this paper, large wheat varietal experiment was comparatively studied and analyzed through cla... more In this paper, large wheat varietal experiment was comparatively studied and analyzed through classical ANOVA and latest spatial modeling approach. Spatial modeling technique captures the trend of field variability which consequently results in an unbiased varietal contrast and considerable improvement in precision of underlying experiment. An experiment based on the layout of alpha lattice design with 24 wheat varieties replicated three times was conducted for the purpose of varietal comparison. Post blocking technique was used to re-analyze the experiment using RCBD which was actually conducted using the layout of alpha design. Variogram used to capture the spatial dependence between neighboring wheat field plots which suggests serial correlation among adjacent plots. Run test was also carried out to know the pattern of variation in underlying experiment. Linear mixed spatial model was used as novel statistical method for modeling all possible sources of variation present in field...
Sampling was done from various outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) that occurred during the... more Sampling was done from various outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) that occurred during the year 2013 in district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for typing of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). A total of 110 clinical samples were received from different administrative regions of Faisalabad; 86 were found FMDV genome positive when tested with 1F and 1R consensus primers. Out of these genome positive samples, 73 were successfully typed into serotypes A (19 samples), O (30 samples) and Asia1 (24 samples). Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) were stored at -80˚C for further sequencing studies. Serotype A FMDV was detected from samples received from outbreaks that occurred in Sumandri, Jaranwala and Tandlianwala tehsils, serotype O from Tandlianwala and Sadhar, and serotype Asia 1 outbreaks were reported from Chak Jhumra and Sadhar.
Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis are among the important and main etiological agents causing ovine... more Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis are among the important and main etiological agents causing ovine babesiosis and ovine theileriosis, causing severe economic losses among sheep and goats. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and molecular diagnosis of B. ovis and T. ovis in Lohi sheep at Livestock Experiment Station Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan. The prevalence of B. ovis and T. ovis was investigated in 200 Lohi sheep of mixed age and sex by PCR during 2011. The assay was employed using primers Bbo-F & Bbo-R, specific for a 549-bp fragment in B. ovis genomic DNA and primers TSsr 170F & TSsr 670R, specific for a 520-bp fragment in T. ovis genomic DNA. The animals were also screened for both haemoparasites through stained thin blood smears. Thirty two (16%), 48 (24%) and 26 (13%) were the number of animals found positive for B. ovis, T. ovis and for mixed infection with both parasites, respectively, through microscopy. Sixty eight (34%), 73 (37%) and 42 (21%) we...
Mycoplasma conjunctivae are etiological agents of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC), commonly... more Mycoplasma conjunctivae are etiological agents of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC), commonly known as pink-eye in domestic sheep, goats and other wild animals in many parts of the world. A few young Lohi lambs maintained at Livestock Experiment Station (LES), Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan showed clinical signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis, keratitis, severe lacrimation and varying degree of blindness. During January to March, 2011, a total of 36 ocular swabs were collected from IKC affected animals and were processed for isolation, identification, and characterization of M. conjunctivae. Sixteen (44.44 %) out of 36 samples showed turbidity in PPLO broth. Twelve (75 %) out of 16 broth samples showed colony growth on PPLO agar. All 16 (44.44 %) out of 36 turbid broth samples, 12 (75 %) out of 16 cultured on agar plate samples, and 21 (59 %) out of 36 sheep ocular direct swab samples were found positive for M. conjunctivae through polymerase chain reaction test by using M. conjunctivae-specific primer pair McoF1 and McoR1 and detecting a 750 base pair fragment on agarose gel. Topical application of 0.5 % sterile solution of gentamycin (100 mg/ml) (Gentafar 10 %, FARVET, Netherlands) proved suitable for the treatment of IKC in Lohi lambs as all clinical signs of IKC disappeared after 5 days of treatment with this antibiotic. This is the first report about the prevalence, molecular diagnosis, and treatment of M. conjunctivae in Lohi sheep affected with infectious keratoconjunctivitis at LES, Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan.
Abstract.-A study was conducted to characterize caprine mycoplasma species and to know its preval... more Abstract.-A study was conducted to characterize caprine mycoplasma species and to know its prevalence in different areas of Pakistan during 2006 to 2007. A total of 1440 samples (including nasal discharge, pleural fluid, lung tissue, synovial fluid, and milk (1180), and ...
The prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi was investigated in 1,250 Nili-Ravi buffaloes of mixed age a... more The prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi was investigated in 1,250 Nili-Ravi buffaloes of mixed age and sex by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the first time in Pakistan. DNA of the trypanosomes was isolated with TRIREAGENT®. The assay was employed using primers ESAG 6/7, specific for a 237-bp fragment from T. evansi genomic DNA. The samples were screened for the presence of T. evansi also by stained thin smear. Forty-four (3.5%) samples were positive by microscopy, while 97 (7.7%) samples were identified by PCR, indicating the high sensitivity of PCR for surveying the disease in epidemiological studies.
In this paper, large wheat varietal experiment was comparatively studied and analyzed through cla... more In this paper, large wheat varietal experiment was comparatively studied and analyzed through classical ANOVA and latest spatial modeling approach. Spatial modeling technique captures the trend of field variability which consequently results in an unbiased varietal contrast and considerable improvement in precision of underlying experiment. An experiment based on the layout of alpha lattice design with 24 wheat varieties replicated three times was conducted for the purpose of varietal comparison. Post blocking technique was used to re-analyze the experiment using RCBD which was actually conducted using the layout of alpha design. Variogram used to capture the spatial dependence between neighboring wheat field plots which suggests serial correlation among adjacent plots. Run test was also carried out to know the pattern of variation in underlying experiment. Linear mixed spatial model was used as novel statistical method for modeling all possible sources of variation present in field...
Sampling was done from various outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) that occurred during the... more Sampling was done from various outbreaks of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) that occurred during the year 2013 in district Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for typing of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). A total of 110 clinical samples were received from different administrative regions of Faisalabad; 86 were found FMDV genome positive when tested with 1F and 1R consensus primers. Out of these genome positive samples, 73 were successfully typed into serotypes A (19 samples), O (30 samples) and Asia1 (24 samples). Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) were stored at -80˚C for further sequencing studies. Serotype A FMDV was detected from samples received from outbreaks that occurred in Sumandri, Jaranwala and Tandlianwala tehsils, serotype O from Tandlianwala and Sadhar, and serotype Asia 1 outbreaks were reported from Chak Jhumra and Sadhar.
Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis are among the important and main etiological agents causing ovine... more Babesia ovis and Theileria ovis are among the important and main etiological agents causing ovine babesiosis and ovine theileriosis, causing severe economic losses among sheep and goats. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and molecular diagnosis of B. ovis and T. ovis in Lohi sheep at Livestock Experiment Station Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan. The prevalence of B. ovis and T. ovis was investigated in 200 Lohi sheep of mixed age and sex by PCR during 2011. The assay was employed using primers Bbo-F & Bbo-R, specific for a 549-bp fragment in B. ovis genomic DNA and primers TSsr 170F & TSsr 670R, specific for a 520-bp fragment in T. ovis genomic DNA. The animals were also screened for both haemoparasites through stained thin blood smears. Thirty two (16%), 48 (24%) and 26 (13%) were the number of animals found positive for B. ovis, T. ovis and for mixed infection with both parasites, respectively, through microscopy. Sixty eight (34%), 73 (37%) and 42 (21%) we...
Mycoplasma conjunctivae are etiological agents of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC), commonly... more Mycoplasma conjunctivae are etiological agents of infectious keratoconjunctivitis (IKC), commonly known as pink-eye in domestic sheep, goats and other wild animals in many parts of the world. A few young Lohi lambs maintained at Livestock Experiment Station (LES), Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan showed clinical signs and symptoms of conjunctivitis, keratitis, severe lacrimation and varying degree of blindness. During January to March, 2011, a total of 36 ocular swabs were collected from IKC affected animals and were processed for isolation, identification, and characterization of M. conjunctivae. Sixteen (44.44 %) out of 36 samples showed turbidity in PPLO broth. Twelve (75 %) out of 16 broth samples showed colony growth on PPLO agar. All 16 (44.44 %) out of 36 turbid broth samples, 12 (75 %) out of 16 cultured on agar plate samples, and 21 (59 %) out of 36 sheep ocular direct swab samples were found positive for M. conjunctivae through polymerase chain reaction test by using M. conjunctivae-specific primer pair McoF1 and McoR1 and detecting a 750 base pair fragment on agarose gel. Topical application of 0.5 % sterile solution of gentamycin (100 mg/ml) (Gentafar 10 %, FARVET, Netherlands) proved suitable for the treatment of IKC in Lohi lambs as all clinical signs of IKC disappeared after 5 days of treatment with this antibiotic. This is the first report about the prevalence, molecular diagnosis, and treatment of M. conjunctivae in Lohi sheep affected with infectious keratoconjunctivitis at LES, Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan.
Abstract.-A study was conducted to characterize caprine mycoplasma species and to know its preval... more Abstract.-A study was conducted to characterize caprine mycoplasma species and to know its prevalence in different areas of Pakistan during 2006 to 2007. A total of 1440 samples (including nasal discharge, pleural fluid, lung tissue, synovial fluid, and milk (1180), and ...
The prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi was investigated in 1,250 Nili-Ravi buffaloes of mixed age a... more The prevalence of Trypanosoma evansi was investigated in 1,250 Nili-Ravi buffaloes of mixed age and sex by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the first time in Pakistan. DNA of the trypanosomes was isolated with TRIREAGENT®. The assay was employed using primers ESAG 6/7, specific for a 237-bp fragment from T. evansi genomic DNA. The samples were screened for the presence of T. evansi also by stained thin smear. Forty-four (3.5%) samples were positive by microscopy, while 97 (7.7%) samples were identified by PCR, indicating the high sensitivity of PCR for surveying the disease in epidemiological studies.
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