Description/Abstract Earcons are audio cues used in the computer/user interface to provide inform... more Description/Abstract Earcons are audio cues used in the computer/user interface to provide information and feedback to the user about computer entities.(Earcons include messages and functions, as well as states and labels.) Design guidelines are presented for the ...
A string y is in C(x), the commutative image of a string x, if y is a permutation of the symbols ... more A string y is in C(x), the commutative image of a string x, if y is a permutation of the symbols in x. A language L is Parikh-bounded if L contains a bounded language B and all x in L have a corresponding y in B such that x is in C(y). The central result in this paper is that if L is context-free it is also Parikh-bounded. Parikh's theorem follows as a corollary. If L is not bounded but is a Parikh-bounded language closed under intersection with regular sets, then for any positive integer k there is an x in L such that #(C(x) ∩ L) ≥ k. The notion of Parikh-discreteness is introduced.
A detailed study is presented of the expected performance of the ATLAS detector. The reconstructi... more A detailed study is presented of the expected performance of the ATLAS detector. The reconstruction of tracks, leptons, photons, missing energy and jets is investigated, together with the performance of b-tagging and the trigger. The physics potential for a variety of interesting physics processes, within the Standard Model and beyond, is examined. The study comprises a series of notes based on simulations of the detector and physics processes, with particular emphasis given to the data expected from the first years of operation of the LHC at CERN.
ABSTRACT: The silicon pixel tracking system for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider... more ABSTRACT: The silicon pixel tracking system for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is described and the performance requirements are summarized. Detailed descriptions of the pixel detector electronics and the silicon sensors are given. The design, fabrication, assembly and performance of the pixel detector modules are presented. Data obtained from test beams as well as studies using cosmic rays are also discussed. KEYWORDS: Particle tracking detectors; Electronic detector readout concepts (solid-state) ...
... The optimal number of pitches in a motive is two to four: "A motive is as short as two o... more ... The optimal number of pitches in a motive is two to four: "A motive is as short as two or threenotes-just long enough so that its rhythmic andlor melodic character is easily recognized and easily remembered when it comes back again" (Kerman, 1980, p. 22). ...
The authors analyze two intertwined and fundamental issues concerning computer-to-human communica... more The authors analyze two intertwined and fundamental issues concerning computer-to-human communication in the multimodal interface; the interplay between sound and graphics, and the role of object persistence. The observations lead to metawidgets as abstract entities capable of manifesting themselves to users as image, as sound, or as various combinations and/or sequences of the two media. The authors show examples of metawidgets in action and discuss mechanisms for choosing among alternative media for metawidget instantiation. Two experimental microworlds implemented to explore these ideas are described
Description/Abstract Earcons are audio cues used in the computer/user interface to provide inform... more Description/Abstract Earcons are audio cues used in the computer/user interface to provide information and feedback to the user about computer entities.(Earcons include messages and functions, as well as states and labels.) Design guidelines are presented for the ...
A string y is in C(x), the commutative image of a string x, if y is a permutation of the symbols ... more A string y is in C(x), the commutative image of a string x, if y is a permutation of the symbols in x. A language L is Parikh-bounded if L contains a bounded language B and all x in L have a corresponding y in B such that x is in C(y). The central result in this paper is that if L is context-free it is also Parikh-bounded. Parikh's theorem follows as a corollary. If L is not bounded but is a Parikh-bounded language closed under intersection with regular sets, then for any positive integer k there is an x in L such that #(C(x) ∩ L) ≥ k. The notion of Parikh-discreteness is introduced.
A detailed study is presented of the expected performance of the ATLAS detector. The reconstructi... more A detailed study is presented of the expected performance of the ATLAS detector. The reconstruction of tracks, leptons, photons, missing energy and jets is investigated, together with the performance of b-tagging and the trigger. The physics potential for a variety of interesting physics processes, within the Standard Model and beyond, is examined. The study comprises a series of notes based on simulations of the detector and physics processes, with particular emphasis given to the data expected from the first years of operation of the LHC at CERN.
ABSTRACT: The silicon pixel tracking system for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider... more ABSTRACT: The silicon pixel tracking system for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider is described and the performance requirements are summarized. Detailed descriptions of the pixel detector electronics and the silicon sensors are given. The design, fabrication, assembly and performance of the pixel detector modules are presented. Data obtained from test beams as well as studies using cosmic rays are also discussed. KEYWORDS: Particle tracking detectors; Electronic detector readout concepts (solid-state) ...
... The optimal number of pitches in a motive is two to four: "A motive is as short as two o... more ... The optimal number of pitches in a motive is two to four: "A motive is as short as two or threenotes-just long enough so that its rhythmic andlor melodic character is easily recognized and easily remembered when it comes back again" (Kerman, 1980, p. 22). ...
The authors analyze two intertwined and fundamental issues concerning computer-to-human communica... more The authors analyze two intertwined and fundamental issues concerning computer-to-human communication in the multimodal interface; the interplay between sound and graphics, and the role of object persistence. The observations lead to metawidgets as abstract entities capable of manifesting themselves to users as image, as sound, or as various combinations and/or sequences of the two media. The authors show examples of metawidgets in action and discuss mechanisms for choosing among alternative media for metawidget instantiation. Two experimental microworlds implemented to explore these ideas are described
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