Page 1. Historia Contemporánea de Chile V Niñez y juventud GABRIEL SALAZAR JULIO PINTO LOM Page 2... more Page 1. Historia Contemporánea de Chile V Niñez y juventud GABRIEL SALAZAR JULIO PINTO LOM Page 2. Page 3. Gabriel Salazar Vergara (Santiago, 1936). Estudió Historia, Filosofía y Sociología en la Universidad de Chile. ...
Se determinó en condiciones de laboratorio el efecto microbiológico de los metabolitos secundario... more Se determinó en condiciones de laboratorio el efecto microbiológico de los metabolitos secundarios, desarrollados como mecanismo de defensa pasiva, en la madera de las especies Puy (Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl.) Nicholson), Zapatero (Peltogyne porphyrocardia Griseb.), Algarrobo (Hymenaea courbaril L.) y Cartan (Centrolubium paraense Tul. var. orinocense Benth), frente a dos de los más comunes microorganismos que causan deterioro de la madera G. traveum y T. versicolor. El ensayo microbiológico se realizó empleando el método de dilución en gel con inoculación superficial en placa. Se evaluaron tres tipos de solventes de diferente polaridad para la recuperación de los extractivos (acetona, etanol y agua). Se empleó agar extracto de malta como medio de cultivo a tres niveles de concentración de extractivo (0,05%, 0,1% y 0,2% v/v). La inhibición del crecimiento, fue utilizada como una medida para evaluar la efectividad del producto químico natural. Los resultados obtenidos de la evaluac...
Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology, Jan 27, 2017
Purpose of state: The aims of this study were to develop a Wheelchair Maintenance Training Progra... more Purpose of state: The aims of this study were to develop a Wheelchair Maintenance Training Programme (WMTP) as a tool for clinicians to teach wheelchair users (and caregivers when applicable) in a group setting to perform basic maintenance at home in the USA and to develop a Wheelchair Maintenance Training Questionnaire (WMT-Q) to evaluate wheelchair maintenance knowledge in clinicians, manual and power wheelchair users. The WMTP and WMT-Q were developed through an iterative process. A convenience sample of clinicians (n = 17), manual wheelchair (n ∞ 5), power wheelchair users (n = 4) and caregivers (n = 4) provided feedback on the training programme. A convenience sample of clinicians (n = 38), manual wheelchair (n = 25), and power wheelchair users (n = 30) answered the WMT-Q throughout different phases of development. The subscores of the WMT-Q achieved a reliability that ranged between ICC(3,1) = 0.48 to ICC(3,1) = 0.89. The WMTP and WMT-Q were implemented with 15 clinicians who ...
Transformation of grape must into wine is a process that may vary according to the consumers&... more Transformation of grape must into wine is a process that may vary according to the consumers' requirements. Application of cold soak prior to alcoholic fermentation is a common practice in cellars in order to enhance flavor complexity and extraction of phenolic compounds. However, the effect of this step on wine yeast microbiota is not well-known. The current study simultaneously analyzed the effect of different cold soak temperatures on the microbiological population throughout the process and the use of culture-dependent and independent techniques to study this yeast ecology. The temperatures assayed were those normally applied in wineries: 2.5, 8 and 12°C. PCR-DGGE allowed detection of the most representative species such as Hanseniaspora uvarum, Starmerella bacillaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As could be expected, highest diversity indices were obtained at the beginning of each process, and survival of H. uvarum or S. bacillaris depended on the temperature. Our results are in agreement with those obtained with culture independent methods, but qPCR showed higher precision and a different behavior was observed for each yeast species and at each temperature assayed. Comparison of both culture-independent techniques can provide a general overview of the whole process, although DGGE does not reveal the diversity expected due to the reported problems with the sensitivity of this technique.
... Ángela D Vega Ávila 1,* , María E Toro 1 , Mario Baigori 2 , Luciana Fernández 1 &amp... more ... Ángela D Vega Ávila 1,* , María E Toro 1 , Mario Baigori 2 , Luciana Fernández 1 & Fabio Vázquez 1. ... arbustos estudiados podría deberse a que si bien L. divaricata y B. retama poseen exudados que posibilitarían el desarrollo de hongos (Martínez & Dalmasso 1992; Martínez ...
... Marina Lasa a , Antonio Chiloeches a , Natalia García a , Agustín Montes b and María J. Toro ... more ... Marina Lasa a , Antonio Chiloeches a , Natalia García a , Agustín Montes b and María J. Toro a , *. ... This effect is caused because lovastatin inhibits the farnesylation of Ras proteins and their attachment to the cell membrane (Gibbs, 1991). ...
We show that the levels and activity of the alpha-subunits of Gs and Gi proteins in plasma membra... more We show that the levels and activity of the alpha-subunits of Gs and Gi proteins in plasma membrane of GH4C1 cells are regulated by the availability of mevalonate (MVA), and not by changes in cholesterol cell content. Changes in the levels of MVA, induced by modulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, determine the amount of both membrane-bound G alpha-subunits, which correlated with the activity of their effector adenylyl cyclase. Lipoprotein deficient serum (LPDS) decreases cholesterol content and increases both HMG-CoA reductase activity and G alpha-subunits in the membrane. Cholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) each repress HMG-CoA reductase and diminish G alpha-subunit levels. However, while cholesterol cell content is also decreased by 25-HC, exogenous cholesterol increases it. In addition, the decrease of both G alpha-subunits is reversed by the presence of MVA. This regulation appears to be mediated by nonsterol products generated from MVA. We assume that the first is the prenylation of the gamma-subunits, since the attachment of G alpha-subunits to the membrane is dependent on this modification. However, as neither of our treatments completely abolished protein prenylation, we conclude that another MVA derivative is required in addition to prenyl residues to the presence and activity of alpha-subunits in the membrane.
The possible effect of cholera toxin (CTX) on hormonal inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in somatost... more The possible effect of cholera toxin (CTX) on hormonal inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in somatostatin (SST)-sensitive GH3 cells was quantitatively evaluated. The toxin treatment employed led to an essentially complete ADP ribosylation of all alpha s subunits of the stimulatory regulatory component (Gs) of the system and to ca. 5- to 7-fold increases in the activity measured, yet it failed to affect the inhibitory action of SST regardless of whether analyzed in terms of degree of inhibition (ca. 60%) that is attainable or in terms of the apparent Kact with which the inhibitory hormone elicits its action. In absolute terms the activity inhibited after CTX was ca. 6 times larger than that inhibited under control conditions, indicating that SST is equally effective in regulating control and CTX-stimulated adenylyl cyclase system and that interpretations are independent of possible intramembraneous compartmentalizations of adenylyl cyclase and its various regulatory components. Since CTX-mediated ADP ribosylation of the alpha-subunits of Gs has been demonstrated to result in an at least 10-fold decrease in the potency (i.e. EC50) with which the beta gamma-complexes of G proteins act to stabilize preactivated purified alpha-subunits of Gs and in an approximately 300-fold decrease in the potency with which exogenously added beta gamma-complexes act to prevent activation of Gs in intact membranes, the present data indicate that beta gamma-complexes cannot be mediating the inhibitory effects of hormones by interfering with activation of the Gs of adenylyl cyclase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Jan 3, 2016
To investigate the frequency and types of wheelchair repairs and associated adverse consequences.... more To investigate the frequency and types of wheelchair repairs and associated adverse consequences. Convenience cross-sectional sample survey. Nine Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Centers. People with spinal cord injury who use a wheelchair for more than 40 hours/week. Not applicable. Number of repairs needed and resulting adverse consequences, number and types of repairs completed, and location where main repair was completed in the previous six months. 591 participants responded to the survey, 63.8% (377/591) of them needed ≥ 1 repair, of which 27.6% (104/377) experienced ≥ 1 adverse consequence including 18.2% (69/377) individuals who were stranded. 6.9% of those who needed repairs did not have them completed (26/377). Repairs completed on the wheels and casters were the most frequent repair to manual wheelchairs while repairs to the electrical and power and control systems were the most frequent type of repair on power wheelchairs. 40% (79/201) of manual wheelchair users reported...
Page 1. Historia Contemporánea de Chile V Niñez y juventud GABRIEL SALAZAR JULIO PINTO LOM Page 2... more Page 1. Historia Contemporánea de Chile V Niñez y juventud GABRIEL SALAZAR JULIO PINTO LOM Page 2. Page 3. Gabriel Salazar Vergara (Santiago, 1936). Estudió Historia, Filosofía y Sociología en la Universidad de Chile. ...
Se determinó en condiciones de laboratorio el efecto microbiológico de los metabolitos secundario... more Se determinó en condiciones de laboratorio el efecto microbiológico de los metabolitos secundarios, desarrollados como mecanismo de defensa pasiva, en la madera de las especies Puy (Tabebuia serratifolia (Vahl.) Nicholson), Zapatero (Peltogyne porphyrocardia Griseb.), Algarrobo (Hymenaea courbaril L.) y Cartan (Centrolubium paraense Tul. var. orinocense Benth), frente a dos de los más comunes microorganismos que causan deterioro de la madera G. traveum y T. versicolor. El ensayo microbiológico se realizó empleando el método de dilución en gel con inoculación superficial en placa. Se evaluaron tres tipos de solventes de diferente polaridad para la recuperación de los extractivos (acetona, etanol y agua). Se empleó agar extracto de malta como medio de cultivo a tres niveles de concentración de extractivo (0,05%, 0,1% y 0,2% v/v). La inhibición del crecimiento, fue utilizada como una medida para evaluar la efectividad del producto químico natural. Los resultados obtenidos de la evaluac...
Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology, Jan 27, 2017
Purpose of state: The aims of this study were to develop a Wheelchair Maintenance Training Progra... more Purpose of state: The aims of this study were to develop a Wheelchair Maintenance Training Programme (WMTP) as a tool for clinicians to teach wheelchair users (and caregivers when applicable) in a group setting to perform basic maintenance at home in the USA and to develop a Wheelchair Maintenance Training Questionnaire (WMT-Q) to evaluate wheelchair maintenance knowledge in clinicians, manual and power wheelchair users. The WMTP and WMT-Q were developed through an iterative process. A convenience sample of clinicians (n = 17), manual wheelchair (n ∞ 5), power wheelchair users (n = 4) and caregivers (n = 4) provided feedback on the training programme. A convenience sample of clinicians (n = 38), manual wheelchair (n = 25), and power wheelchair users (n = 30) answered the WMT-Q throughout different phases of development. The subscores of the WMT-Q achieved a reliability that ranged between ICC(3,1) = 0.48 to ICC(3,1) = 0.89. The WMTP and WMT-Q were implemented with 15 clinicians who ...
Transformation of grape must into wine is a process that may vary according to the consumers&... more Transformation of grape must into wine is a process that may vary according to the consumers' requirements. Application of cold soak prior to alcoholic fermentation is a common practice in cellars in order to enhance flavor complexity and extraction of phenolic compounds. However, the effect of this step on wine yeast microbiota is not well-known. The current study simultaneously analyzed the effect of different cold soak temperatures on the microbiological population throughout the process and the use of culture-dependent and independent techniques to study this yeast ecology. The temperatures assayed were those normally applied in wineries: 2.5, 8 and 12°C. PCR-DGGE allowed detection of the most representative species such as Hanseniaspora uvarum, Starmerella bacillaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. As could be expected, highest diversity indices were obtained at the beginning of each process, and survival of H. uvarum or S. bacillaris depended on the temperature. Our results are in agreement with those obtained with culture independent methods, but qPCR showed higher precision and a different behavior was observed for each yeast species and at each temperature assayed. Comparison of both culture-independent techniques can provide a general overview of the whole process, although DGGE does not reveal the diversity expected due to the reported problems with the sensitivity of this technique.
... Ángela D Vega Ávila 1,* , María E Toro 1 , Mario Baigori 2 , Luciana Fernández 1 &amp... more ... Ángela D Vega Ávila 1,* , María E Toro 1 , Mario Baigori 2 , Luciana Fernández 1 & Fabio Vázquez 1. ... arbustos estudiados podría deberse a que si bien L. divaricata y B. retama poseen exudados que posibilitarían el desarrollo de hongos (Martínez & Dalmasso 1992; Martínez ...
... Marina Lasa a , Antonio Chiloeches a , Natalia García a , Agustín Montes b and María J. Toro ... more ... Marina Lasa a , Antonio Chiloeches a , Natalia García a , Agustín Montes b and María J. Toro a , *. ... This effect is caused because lovastatin inhibits the farnesylation of Ras proteins and their attachment to the cell membrane (Gibbs, 1991). ...
We show that the levels and activity of the alpha-subunits of Gs and Gi proteins in plasma membra... more We show that the levels and activity of the alpha-subunits of Gs and Gi proteins in plasma membrane of GH4C1 cells are regulated by the availability of mevalonate (MVA), and not by changes in cholesterol cell content. Changes in the levels of MVA, induced by modulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, determine the amount of both membrane-bound G alpha-subunits, which correlated with the activity of their effector adenylyl cyclase. Lipoprotein deficient serum (LPDS) decreases cholesterol content and increases both HMG-CoA reductase activity and G alpha-subunits in the membrane. Cholesterol and 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-HC) each repress HMG-CoA reductase and diminish G alpha-subunit levels. However, while cholesterol cell content is also decreased by 25-HC, exogenous cholesterol increases it. In addition, the decrease of both G alpha-subunits is reversed by the presence of MVA. This regulation appears to be mediated by nonsterol products generated from MVA. We assume that the first is the prenylation of the gamma-subunits, since the attachment of G alpha-subunits to the membrane is dependent on this modification. However, as neither of our treatments completely abolished protein prenylation, we conclude that another MVA derivative is required in addition to prenyl residues to the presence and activity of alpha-subunits in the membrane.
The possible effect of cholera toxin (CTX) on hormonal inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in somatost... more The possible effect of cholera toxin (CTX) on hormonal inhibition of adenylyl cyclase in somatostatin (SST)-sensitive GH3 cells was quantitatively evaluated. The toxin treatment employed led to an essentially complete ADP ribosylation of all alpha s subunits of the stimulatory regulatory component (Gs) of the system and to ca. 5- to 7-fold increases in the activity measured, yet it failed to affect the inhibitory action of SST regardless of whether analyzed in terms of degree of inhibition (ca. 60%) that is attainable or in terms of the apparent Kact with which the inhibitory hormone elicits its action. In absolute terms the activity inhibited after CTX was ca. 6 times larger than that inhibited under control conditions, indicating that SST is equally effective in regulating control and CTX-stimulated adenylyl cyclase system and that interpretations are independent of possible intramembraneous compartmentalizations of adenylyl cyclase and its various regulatory components. Since CTX-mediated ADP ribosylation of the alpha-subunits of Gs has been demonstrated to result in an at least 10-fold decrease in the potency (i.e. EC50) with which the beta gamma-complexes of G proteins act to stabilize preactivated purified alpha-subunits of Gs and in an approximately 300-fold decrease in the potency with which exogenously added beta gamma-complexes act to prevent activation of Gs in intact membranes, the present data indicate that beta gamma-complexes cannot be mediating the inhibitory effects of hormones by interfering with activation of the Gs of adenylyl cyclase.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Jan 3, 2016
To investigate the frequency and types of wheelchair repairs and associated adverse consequences.... more To investigate the frequency and types of wheelchair repairs and associated adverse consequences. Convenience cross-sectional sample survey. Nine Spinal Cord Injury Model Systems Centers. People with spinal cord injury who use a wheelchair for more than 40 hours/week. Not applicable. Number of repairs needed and resulting adverse consequences, number and types of repairs completed, and location where main repair was completed in the previous six months. 591 participants responded to the survey, 63.8% (377/591) of them needed ≥ 1 repair, of which 27.6% (104/377) experienced ≥ 1 adverse consequence including 18.2% (69/377) individuals who were stranded. 6.9% of those who needed repairs did not have them completed (26/377). Repairs completed on the wheels and casters were the most frequent repair to manual wheelchairs while repairs to the electrical and power and control systems were the most frequent type of repair on power wheelchairs. 40% (79/201) of manual wheelchair users reported...
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