Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) are environmental contaminants that are released into the mar... more Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) are environmental contaminants that are released into the marine water via oil spills and industrial activities. The mRNA expression profile of some antioxidant genes in livers, gills, skin and muscles of Lethrinas nebulosus was used as biomarker of TPHs pollution in six areas at Jeddah and Yanbu coasts in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). TPHs were determined in Red Sea water and sediments collected from the studied areas. Ten fish of similar sizes were collected from each area for the mRNA expression of super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The highest concentration of TPHs was observed in front of petromine refinery in Jeddah. The expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes were highly significantly increased in the polluted areas. MDA levels were high in TPHs polluted areas. This study concluded that the expressi...
Despite the emergence of COVID 19 since 20019 and despite the many studies that researchers have... more Despite the emergence of COVID 19 since 20019 and despite the many studies that researchers have raced to uncover the truth about this virus, there is still great ambiguity in everything related to this virus, especially its behavior inside the human body and the body’s reaction to it. The body reaction to COVID 19 differ greatly from one individual to anther in terms of its type and severity. Hence the importance of this review, as if we understand the changes that this virus causes in the human body and are able to measure its bioindicators, this gives us the ability to understand the behavior of this virus inside the body and thus enables us to overcome it. The investigation of different biomarkers induced by COVID 19 infection will open the dour to the researchers to understand the molecular mechanism of viral infection gives new diagnostic tools for the viral infection and gives the researcher a chance for discovering new strategies for COVID 19 treatment and prevention, and ...
To investigate the mechanisms of the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Costus speciosus (C. speciosus)... more To investigate the mechanisms of the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Costus speciosus (C. speciosus) root ethanolic extracts (CSREt) by assessing its action on insulin synthesis and glucose catabolic enzyme gene expression and activities in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. This study was carried out at the Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt between July and August 2013. Sixty male albino rats (120 +/- 20 g weight, and 6 months old) were used and divided into 6 groups (n=10). Two groups served as diabetic and nondiabetic controls. Four groups of STZ diabetic animals were given oral C. speciosus (CSREt) in doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight, and 600 µg/kg body weight of the standard drug glibenclamide for 4 weeks. The CSREt 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight induced a decrease in blood glucose and an increase in serum insulin level, glucokinase (GK), aldolase, pyruvate kinase (PK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and glycogen...
In this paper we present an algorithm for optical phase evaluation based on the wavelet transform... more In this paper we present an algorithm for optical phase evaluation based on the wavelet transform technique. The main advantage of this method is that it requires only one fringe pattern. This algorithm is based on the use of a second π/2 phase shifted fringe pattern where it is calculated via the Hilbert transform. To test its validity, the algorithm was used to demodulate a simulated fringe pattern giving the phase distribution with a good accuracy.
Background and Aims: Optimal pain control can be a challenge in cirrhotic patients. The aim was t... more Background and Aims: Optimal pain control can be a challenge in cirrhotic patients. The aim was to compare the analgesic efficacy and side effects of intravenous fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with and without bupivacaine boluses in transversus abdominis plane (TAP) and rectus sheath space (RSB) in cirrhotics undergoing liver surgery. Material and Methods: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial (n = 55, child's A) was conducted. Catheters were inserted surgically in TAP and rectal sheath space during surgical closure. Fentanyl PCA + TAP + RSB group (gp) (n = 30): (0.2 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine, 8 hourly) was compared with fentanyl PCA gp (n = 25): [0.2 ml/kg of saline (placebo) injected in catheters 8 hourly] for 48 h postoperatively. Plasma bupivacaine was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after each injection and 30 min before next injection. Results: Fentanyl consumption was reduced in (PCA + TAP + RSB) gp compared to PCA gp (Day 1: 325.4 ± 169.1 vs. 1034 ± 231.7, Day 2: 204.44 ± 62.9 vs. 481.6 ± 158.3 μg, P < 0.05). Both groups demonstrated effective pain control at rest [Visual Analog Scales (VAS) <3), but on movement pain control with bupivacaine was better (P < 0.05). Increased demand for rescue opioids was observed prior to next scheduled bupivacaine injection in 10/30 patients on Day 1 and 2/30 on Day 2, in association with a reduced bupivacaine serum levels compared to 10 min after injection (47.6 ± 22.7 vs. 93.6 ± 61.0 ng/ml, respectively, P < 0.05). Bupivacaine did not exceed referred toxic levels. Conclusion: Repeated bupivacaine TAP and RSB with PCA fentanyl improved pain control, reduced opioids demand with no toxicity. Time interval between injections needs to be reduced to avoid breakthrough pain.
The switched reluctance machine (SRM) design is different from the design of most of other machin... more The switched reluctance machine (SRM) design is different from the design of most of other machines. SRM has many design parameters that have non-linear relationships with the performance indices (i.e., average torque, efficiency, and so forth). Hence, it is difficult to design SRM using straight forward equations with iterative methods, which is common for other machines. Optimization techniques are used to overcome this challenge by searching for the best variables values within the search area. In this paper, the optimization of SRM design is achieved using multi-objective Jaya algorithm (MO-Jaya). In the Jaya algorithm, solutions are moved closer to the best solution and away from the worst solution. Hence, a good intensification of the search process is achieved. Moreover, the randomly changed parameters achieve good search diversity. In this paper, it is suggested to also randomly change best and worst solutions. Hence, better diversity is achieved, as indicated from results. ...
A wavelet algorithm developed to improve metrology based on electronic speckle pattern interferom... more A wavelet algorithm developed to improve metrology based on electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) is presented. The wavelet algorithm is based on the calculation of the continuous wavelet transform of a modulated speckle correlation fringes .The Paul wavelet is used , the extraction of the maximum scales of the modulus of the wavelet transform leads simply to the phase gradient distribution. The advantage of the method is to provide phase distribution, with a high accuracy, from a single interferogram without unwrapping step.
The present study evaluates the biochemical effect of Oyster mushroom on the oxidative stress in ... more The present study evaluates the biochemical effect of Oyster mushroom on the oxidative stress in diabetic mice. Thirty five male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups, Group A; STZ induced diabetic mice, group B; STZ-induced diabetic mice treated with insulin, group C; STZ-induced diabetic mice fed on Oyster mushroom, group D; non diabetic non treated mice and group E; non diabetic fed on oyster mushroom mice. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), activities and genes expression of superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD) and catalase (CAT) were determined. Our results revealed a significant increase of blood TAC levels, SOD and CAT activities and significant decrease of MDA level with an increase of SOD and CAT genes expression in liver tissues of the diabetic mice fed on mushroom. In conclusion; oyster mushroom has the ability to reduce the oxidative stress in diabetic mice. (Aaser Mohamed Abdelazim and Mohamed Afif...
Silver-doped cadmium selenide/graphene oxide (GO) (Ag-CdSe/GO) nanocomposites have been synthesiz... more Silver-doped cadmium selenide/graphene oxide (GO) (Ag-CdSe/GO) nanocomposites have been synthesized, loaded in cellulose acetate (CA) to form Ag-CdSe/GO@CA heterostructure nanofibers, and characterized in terms of structural, morphological, photocatalytic properties, among others. The photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) was estimated using cadmium selenide-filled CA (CdSe@CA), silver-doped cadmium selenide-filled CA (Ag-CdSe@CA), cadmium selenide/GO-filled CA (CdSe/GO@CA), and silver-doped cadmium selenide/GO-filled CA (Ag-CdSe/GO@CA) nanocomposite materials. The Ag-CdSe/GO@CA nanocomposites exhibit and retain an enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MG dye. This amended performance is associated with the multifunctional supporting impacts of GO, Ag, and CA on the composite structure and properties. The superior photocatalytic activity is related to the fact that both Ag and GO can act as electron acceptors that boost the separation efficiency of pho...
This study aims to investigate the histological alteration in skin, gills, liver and muscle as we... more This study aims to investigate the histological alteration in skin, gills, liver and muscle as well the ultrastructure alteration in the liver of Siganus canaliculatus (S. canaliculatus) and Epinephelus morio (E. morio )caught from different sites at Jeddah and Yanbou coast as a bio-indicator for oil pollution. Skin, gills, Livers and muscle of ten fishes of a similar size of each Siganus canaliculatus and Epinephelus morio were used in this study. Tissues samples were immediately taken and prepared for histopathological and ultrastructure alterations investigation. Such alterations were high in fishes collected from the polluted sites either from Jeddah or Yanbu when compared with their corresponding fishes collected from the reference sites. Fishes collected from Jeddah were more polluted than that collected from Yanbu. The highest affected organ was the skin followed by the gills and liver, while the muscles were the lowest ones. Moreover S. canaliculatus fishes were seriously af...
In the present study, the ultra structure toxic effects of ZONPs on Oreochromis niloticus (O. nil... more In the present study, the ultra structure toxic effects of ZONPs on Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and the protective role of vitamin C and E were evaluated. Two hundred male O. niloticus were exposed to sublethal concentrations (1 and 2 mgL) of characterized ZONPs nanoparticles either with or without vitamin C and E mixture for a period of 15 days. Livers and gills ultra-structure were investigated using transmition electron microscope. ZONPs leads to a severe vacuolation of gill cells and necrosis of pavement and epithelial cells with dilated mucous cells. These cells were separated from secondary lamella by edema containing fibrin and inflammatory cells. While the hepatocyte subcellular had a sever alteration manifested by rarefaction, complete disappearance of mitochondria, aggregation of rough endoplasmic reticulums, indentation of nucleus, Partial lysis of the outer and intactness of the inner nuclear membrane, appearance of irregular shaped nucleus (polypoid) and fragme...
Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) are environmental contaminants that are released into the mar... more Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) are environmental contaminants that are released into the marine water via oil spills and industrial activities. The mRNA expression profile of some antioxidant genes in livers, gills, skin and muscles of Lethrinas nebulosus was used as biomarker of TPHs pollution in six areas at Jeddah and Yanbu coasts in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). TPHs were determined in Red Sea water and sediments collected from the studied areas. Ten fish of similar sizes were collected from each area for the mRNA expression of super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The highest concentration of TPHs was observed in front of petromine refinery in Jeddah. The expression levels of antioxidant enzyme genes were highly significantly increased in the polluted areas. MDA levels were high in TPHs polluted areas. This study concluded that the expressi...
Despite the emergence of COVID 19 since 20019 and despite the many studies that researchers have... more Despite the emergence of COVID 19 since 20019 and despite the many studies that researchers have raced to uncover the truth about this virus, there is still great ambiguity in everything related to this virus, especially its behavior inside the human body and the body’s reaction to it. The body reaction to COVID 19 differ greatly from one individual to anther in terms of its type and severity. Hence the importance of this review, as if we understand the changes that this virus causes in the human body and are able to measure its bioindicators, this gives us the ability to understand the behavior of this virus inside the body and thus enables us to overcome it. The investigation of different biomarkers induced by COVID 19 infection will open the dour to the researchers to understand the molecular mechanism of viral infection gives new diagnostic tools for the viral infection and gives the researcher a chance for discovering new strategies for COVID 19 treatment and prevention, and ...
To investigate the mechanisms of the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Costus speciosus (C. speciosus)... more To investigate the mechanisms of the anti-hyperglycemic effect of Costus speciosus (C. speciosus) root ethanolic extracts (CSREt) by assessing its action on insulin synthesis and glucose catabolic enzyme gene expression and activities in streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats. This study was carried out at the Biochemical Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt between July and August 2013. Sixty male albino rats (120 +/- 20 g weight, and 6 months old) were used and divided into 6 groups (n=10). Two groups served as diabetic and nondiabetic controls. Four groups of STZ diabetic animals were given oral C. speciosus (CSREt) in doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight, and 600 µg/kg body weight of the standard drug glibenclamide for 4 weeks. The CSREt 400 and 600 mg/kg body weight induced a decrease in blood glucose and an increase in serum insulin level, glucokinase (GK), aldolase, pyruvate kinase (PK), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and glycogen...
In this paper we present an algorithm for optical phase evaluation based on the wavelet transform... more In this paper we present an algorithm for optical phase evaluation based on the wavelet transform technique. The main advantage of this method is that it requires only one fringe pattern. This algorithm is based on the use of a second π/2 phase shifted fringe pattern where it is calculated via the Hilbert transform. To test its validity, the algorithm was used to demodulate a simulated fringe pattern giving the phase distribution with a good accuracy.
Background and Aims: Optimal pain control can be a challenge in cirrhotic patients. The aim was t... more Background and Aims: Optimal pain control can be a challenge in cirrhotic patients. The aim was to compare the analgesic efficacy and side effects of intravenous fentanyl patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with and without bupivacaine boluses in transversus abdominis plane (TAP) and rectus sheath space (RSB) in cirrhotics undergoing liver surgery. Material and Methods: A double-blinded randomized controlled trial (n = 55, child's A) was conducted. Catheters were inserted surgically in TAP and rectal sheath space during surgical closure. Fentanyl PCA + TAP + RSB group (gp) (n = 30): (0.2 ml/kg of 0.25% bupivacaine, 8 hourly) was compared with fentanyl PCA gp (n = 25): [0.2 ml/kg of saline (placebo) injected in catheters 8 hourly] for 48 h postoperatively. Plasma bupivacaine was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay at 10 min, 30 min, 1 h, 2 h, and 4 h after each injection and 30 min before next injection. Results: Fentanyl consumption was reduced in (PCA + TAP + RSB) gp compared to PCA gp (Day 1: 325.4 ± 169.1 vs. 1034 ± 231.7, Day 2: 204.44 ± 62.9 vs. 481.6 ± 158.3 μg, P < 0.05). Both groups demonstrated effective pain control at rest [Visual Analog Scales (VAS) <3), but on movement pain control with bupivacaine was better (P < 0.05). Increased demand for rescue opioids was observed prior to next scheduled bupivacaine injection in 10/30 patients on Day 1 and 2/30 on Day 2, in association with a reduced bupivacaine serum levels compared to 10 min after injection (47.6 ± 22.7 vs. 93.6 ± 61.0 ng/ml, respectively, P < 0.05). Bupivacaine did not exceed referred toxic levels. Conclusion: Repeated bupivacaine TAP and RSB with PCA fentanyl improved pain control, reduced opioids demand with no toxicity. Time interval between injections needs to be reduced to avoid breakthrough pain.
The switched reluctance machine (SRM) design is different from the design of most of other machin... more The switched reluctance machine (SRM) design is different from the design of most of other machines. SRM has many design parameters that have non-linear relationships with the performance indices (i.e., average torque, efficiency, and so forth). Hence, it is difficult to design SRM using straight forward equations with iterative methods, which is common for other machines. Optimization techniques are used to overcome this challenge by searching for the best variables values within the search area. In this paper, the optimization of SRM design is achieved using multi-objective Jaya algorithm (MO-Jaya). In the Jaya algorithm, solutions are moved closer to the best solution and away from the worst solution. Hence, a good intensification of the search process is achieved. Moreover, the randomly changed parameters achieve good search diversity. In this paper, it is suggested to also randomly change best and worst solutions. Hence, better diversity is achieved, as indicated from results. ...
A wavelet algorithm developed to improve metrology based on electronic speckle pattern interferom... more A wavelet algorithm developed to improve metrology based on electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) is presented. The wavelet algorithm is based on the calculation of the continuous wavelet transform of a modulated speckle correlation fringes .The Paul wavelet is used , the extraction of the maximum scales of the modulus of the wavelet transform leads simply to the phase gradient distribution. The advantage of the method is to provide phase distribution, with a high accuracy, from a single interferogram without unwrapping step.
The present study evaluates the biochemical effect of Oyster mushroom on the oxidative stress in ... more The present study evaluates the biochemical effect of Oyster mushroom on the oxidative stress in diabetic mice. Thirty five male Swiss albino mice were divided into five groups, Group A; STZ induced diabetic mice, group B; STZ-induced diabetic mice treated with insulin, group C; STZ-induced diabetic mice fed on Oyster mushroom, group D; non diabetic non treated mice and group E; non diabetic fed on oyster mushroom mice. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), activities and genes expression of superoxide dismutase (CuZn SOD) and catalase (CAT) were determined. Our results revealed a significant increase of blood TAC levels, SOD and CAT activities and significant decrease of MDA level with an increase of SOD and CAT genes expression in liver tissues of the diabetic mice fed on mushroom. In conclusion; oyster mushroom has the ability to reduce the oxidative stress in diabetic mice. (Aaser Mohamed Abdelazim and Mohamed Afif...
Silver-doped cadmium selenide/graphene oxide (GO) (Ag-CdSe/GO) nanocomposites have been synthesiz... more Silver-doped cadmium selenide/graphene oxide (GO) (Ag-CdSe/GO) nanocomposites have been synthesized, loaded in cellulose acetate (CA) to form Ag-CdSe/GO@CA heterostructure nanofibers, and characterized in terms of structural, morphological, photocatalytic properties, among others. The photocatalytic degradation of malachite green (MG) was estimated using cadmium selenide-filled CA (CdSe@CA), silver-doped cadmium selenide-filled CA (Ag-CdSe@CA), cadmium selenide/GO-filled CA (CdSe/GO@CA), and silver-doped cadmium selenide/GO-filled CA (Ag-CdSe/GO@CA) nanocomposite materials. The Ag-CdSe/GO@CA nanocomposites exhibit and retain an enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MG dye. This amended performance is associated with the multifunctional supporting impacts of GO, Ag, and CA on the composite structure and properties. The superior photocatalytic activity is related to the fact that both Ag and GO can act as electron acceptors that boost the separation efficiency of pho...
This study aims to investigate the histological alteration in skin, gills, liver and muscle as we... more This study aims to investigate the histological alteration in skin, gills, liver and muscle as well the ultrastructure alteration in the liver of Siganus canaliculatus (S. canaliculatus) and Epinephelus morio (E. morio )caught from different sites at Jeddah and Yanbou coast as a bio-indicator for oil pollution. Skin, gills, Livers and muscle of ten fishes of a similar size of each Siganus canaliculatus and Epinephelus morio were used in this study. Tissues samples were immediately taken and prepared for histopathological and ultrastructure alterations investigation. Such alterations were high in fishes collected from the polluted sites either from Jeddah or Yanbu when compared with their corresponding fishes collected from the reference sites. Fishes collected from Jeddah were more polluted than that collected from Yanbu. The highest affected organ was the skin followed by the gills and liver, while the muscles were the lowest ones. Moreover S. canaliculatus fishes were seriously af...
In the present study, the ultra structure toxic effects of ZONPs on Oreochromis niloticus (O. nil... more In the present study, the ultra structure toxic effects of ZONPs on Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus) and the protective role of vitamin C and E were evaluated. Two hundred male O. niloticus were exposed to sublethal concentrations (1 and 2 mgL) of characterized ZONPs nanoparticles either with or without vitamin C and E mixture for a period of 15 days. Livers and gills ultra-structure were investigated using transmition electron microscope. ZONPs leads to a severe vacuolation of gill cells and necrosis of pavement and epithelial cells with dilated mucous cells. These cells were separated from secondary lamella by edema containing fibrin and inflammatory cells. While the hepatocyte subcellular had a sever alteration manifested by rarefaction, complete disappearance of mitochondria, aggregation of rough endoplasmic reticulums, indentation of nucleus, Partial lysis of the outer and intactness of the inner nuclear membrane, appearance of irregular shaped nucleus (polypoid) and fragme...
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Papers by mohamed afifi