Our thanks to those who have helped with this issue of Biofuels. Listed below are authors, refere... more Our thanks to those who have helped with this issue of Biofuels. Listed below are authors, referees and others who have kindly given their time, effort and expertise; their generosity has helped establish this publication. ... Adhikari D Alper H Angelidaki I Arantes V Aylott M ...
1. Am Surg. 2010 Aug;76(8):113-4. Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma. Kamath V, Mishra N, G... more 1. Am Surg. 2010 Aug;76(8):113-4. Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma. Kamath V, Mishra N, Gunabushanam V, Agaba E, Gupta R, Hyman K, Glassman LR. Department of Thoracic Surgery North Shore University Hospital Manhasset, New York, USA. ...
ABSTRACT The Net Centric and Global Information Grid (GIG) visions envision systems that will be ... more ABSTRACT The Net Centric and Global Information Grid (GIG) visions envision systems that will be interconnected to support multi-lateral, civilian and military missions. The constantly changing environment requires commanders and leaders to plan for missions that allow for units from various nations, agencies, etc. to join or separate from the team, depending on the situation, as the mission unfolds. Training performed at home stations and in mission training/mission rehearsal may occur just days, hours or even minutes before the actual missions. This need for rapid mission-specific rehearsal capabilities and multilateral environment drives requirements to 1) develop a simulation infrastructures that enable embedded simulation capability in the operational systems and 2) develop interoperability mechanisms that enable a more agile, dynamic and adaptive interconnection of heterogeneous simulations. In this paper the lessons learned from the novel BLACK-CACTUS project (Bi-LAteral Collaboration and Knowledge exchange – Command And Control To US and Sweden) is presented. The project shows an agile method of integrating Command and Control Systems and Computer Generated Force engines using the Command and Control Lexical Grammar (C2LG) together with the Widely Integrated Systems Environment (WISE) integration platform. The C2LG is the semantic glue that ties the information parts together and WISE is the framework for disseminating information through several of protocols and information models. The BLACK-CACTUS Proof of Principle consisted of the C2LG GUI, the TVT Vehicle Battle Management System (VBMS), the Joint Semi Automated Forces (JSAF) Simulation, the WISE platform, and the Joint Battle Management Language (JBML) web server and services. This paper presents the architecture, the implementation and the rational why a C2LG together with integration methods provides agile Joint/Coalition Embedded C2 Training Environments.
Pedicle screw instrumentation of the deformed cervical and thoracic spine is challenging to even ... more Pedicle screw instrumentation of the deformed cervical and thoracic spine is challenging to even the most experienced surgeon and associated with increased incidence of screw misplacement. Iso-C3D based navigation has been reported to improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement, however, there are very few studies assessing its efficacy in the presence of deformity. We conducted a study to evaluate the accuracy of Iso-C3D based navigation in pedicle screw fixation in the deformed cervical and thoracic spine. We inserted 98 cervical pedicle screws (18 patients) and 242 thoracic pedicle screws (17 patients) using Iso-C3D based navigation for deformities of spine due to scoliosis, ankylosing spondylitis, post traumatic and degenerative disorders. Two independent observers determined and graded the accuracy of screw placement from postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Postoperative CT scans of the cervical spine showed 90.8% perfectly placed screws with 7 (7%) grade I pedicle breaches, 2 (2%) grade II pedicle breaches and one anterior cortex penetration (< 2mm). Five lateral pedicle breaches violated the vertebral artery foramen and three medial pedicle breaches penetrated the spinal canal; however, no patient had any neurovascular complications. In the thoracic spine there were 92.2% perfectly placed screws with only six (2%) grade II pedicle breaches, eight (3%) grade I pedicle breaches and five screws (2%) penetrating the anterior or lateral cortex. No neuro-vascular complications were encountered. Iso-C3D based navigation improves the accuracy of pedicle screw placement in deformities of the cervical and thoracic spine. The low incidence of pedicle breach implies increased safety for the patient.
2006 IEEE/ION Position, Location, And Navigation Symposium, 2006
The spread-spectrum structure of GPS signals provides inherent jamming tolerance for GPS receiver... more The spread-spectrum structure of GPS signals provides inherent jamming tolerance for GPS receivers. In a hostile environment where jamming sites may be close to GPS users, a larger JSR is possible. How to achieve the desired accuracy for GPS-based systems in the presence of strong jamming is an important but outstanding problem. Here we propose to use the empirical-mode decomposition (EMD) method, originally developed for analyzing nonlinear and nonstationary signals, for antijamming. Given a jammed, noisy GPS signal, the EMD method identifies the innate undulations belonging to different time scales and sifts them out to yield a small number of intrinsic modes. We find that the EMD method typically works well when the jamming is stationary in that the GPS signal and jamming components are typically contained in different intrinsic modes. However, when the jamming is nonstationary, the GPS signal and jamming are spread over all the intrinsic modes. Our solution is to use the blind-source separation (BSS) method operating on the set of intrinsic modes from EMD. Simulations indicated that this combined EMD/BSS methodology works reasonably well for extracting the GPS signal in the presence of nonstationary jamming for JSR up 45dB.
It is known from the theory of metal cutting that an examination of machining chips provides the ... more It is known from the theory of metal cutting that an examination of machining chips provides the cheapest and the most effective way of understanding the machining characteristics of a material. The review of literature on machining of DRACs reveals that these aspects have been given relatively little attention during the machining studies. This viewpoint has provided motivation for the study of fundamental aspects of machining of composites involving chip formation mechanism experimentally and analytically. This paper discusses experimental work and finite element analysis to investigate the mechanism of chip formation during machining of DRACs. Focus of this paper is on understanding the influence of different cutting parameters on mechanism of machining. Chips generated experimentally and by finite element modeling during orthogonal machining of DRACs were used for this purpose.
2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008
Biophotonic imaging can be used to characterize tumor growth in animal models. Estimation of the ... more Biophotonic imaging can be used to characterize tumor growth in animal models. Estimation of the numbers and location of target cells is dependent on accurate segmentation of a target region from the background luminescence of the animal body. Existing software systems extract general regions of interest in complex images but can fail to detect details or faint regions of interest in the presence of higher luminescent activity. Limited work has been published in the analysis of these images. We explore the use of popular medical image segmentation techniques in segmentation of bioluminescence images. The ability of each algorithm in detecting regions of interest is tested using established performance measures. Based on the characteristics of bioluminescence images of animal tumor models, and the performance of the algorithms, we formulate a framework for segmentation techniques best suited for this application.
Radiologists perform a CT Angiography procedure to examine vascular structures and associated pat... more Radiologists perform a CT Angiography procedure to examine vascular structures and associated pathologies such as aneurysms. Volume rendering is used to exploit volumetric capabilities of CT that provides complete interactive 3-D visualization. However, bone forms an occluding structure and must be segmented out. The anatomical complexity of the head creates a major challenge in the segmentation of bone and vessel.
A rotavirus vaccine could soon become part of India&a... more A rotavirus vaccine could soon become part of India's national immunization program. However the occurrence of intussusception due to rotavirus vaccine is a potential safety concern. This surveillance aimed at the collection of baseline data on childhood intussusception which would facilitate the monitoring of intussusception cases after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of confirmed intussusception cases in children under the age of five, treated during 2007-2012 at two tertiary care hospitals attached to medical schools in India. Demographic, clinical, diagnostic and treatment practices data were obtained from hospital records. Over a five to six year observation period, we identified 187 confirmed cases of intussusception, of which 75% were males. The median age of intussusception was 8 months, and we observed a possible trend in the distribution of cases with the highest number of cases being reported in the month of April and lowest in the month of October. The most common diagnostic methods used were ultrasonography and abdominal radiography with most cases being treated surgically (71%). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days (range 1-40) and mean was 10.2 days. Records of any fatality due to intussusception were not found during the review of the records. This analysis provides an estimate of the baseline data of childhood intussusception prior to the introduction of the rotavirus vaccination as a part of routine immunization in India. A prospective surveillance system using a standardized case definition is needed in order to better examine the incidence of intussusception in developing countries.
Abstract: In the present study a method has been proposed for the behavioral prediction of a pers... more Abstract: In the present study a method has been proposed for the behavioral prediction of a person through automated handwriting analysis. The present work identifies the psychological traits in the writing namely size, slant and pressure, baseline, number of ...
Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) contributes to coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (D... more Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) contributes to coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (DM). We hypothesized that in DM, ONOO(-) interferes with the function of coronary endothelial caveolae, which plays an important role in nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasomotor regulation. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of coronary arterioles was investigated in DM (n = 41) and non-DM (n = 37) patients undergoing heart surgery. NO-mediated coronary FMD was significantly reduced in DM patients, which was restored by ONOO(-) scavenger, iron-(III)-tetrakis(N-methyl-4'pyridyl)porphyrin-pentachloride, or uric acid, whereas exogenous ONOO(-) reduced FMD in non-DM subjects. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated an increased 3-nitrotyrosine formation (ONOO(-)-specific protein nitration) in endothelial plasma membrane in DM, which colocalized with caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the key structural protein of caveolae. The membrane-localized Cav-1 was significantly reduced in DM and also in high glucose-exposed coronary endothelial cells. We also found that DM patients exhibited a decreased number of endothelial caveolae, whereas exogenous ONOO(-) reduced caveolae number. Correspondingly, pharmacological (methyl-β-cyclodextrin) or genetic disruption of caveolae (Cav-1 knockout mice) abolished coronary FMD, which was rescued by sepiapterin, the stable precursor of NO synthase (NOS) cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin. Sepiapterin also restored coronary FMD in DM patients. Thus, we propose that ONOO(-) selectively targets and disrupts endothelial caveolae, which contributes to NOS uncoupling, and, hence, reduced NO-mediated coronary vasodilation in DM patients.
Our thanks to those who have helped with this issue of Biofuels. Listed below are authors, refere... more Our thanks to those who have helped with this issue of Biofuels. Listed below are authors, referees and others who have kindly given their time, effort and expertise; their generosity has helped establish this publication. ... Adhikari D Alper H Angelidaki I Arantes V Aylott M ...
1. Am Surg. 2010 Aug;76(8):113-4. Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma. Kamath V, Mishra N, G... more 1. Am Surg. 2010 Aug;76(8):113-4. Primary pleuropulmonary synovial sarcoma. Kamath V, Mishra N, Gunabushanam V, Agaba E, Gupta R, Hyman K, Glassman LR. Department of Thoracic Surgery North Shore University Hospital Manhasset, New York, USA. ...
ABSTRACT The Net Centric and Global Information Grid (GIG) visions envision systems that will be ... more ABSTRACT The Net Centric and Global Information Grid (GIG) visions envision systems that will be interconnected to support multi-lateral, civilian and military missions. The constantly changing environment requires commanders and leaders to plan for missions that allow for units from various nations, agencies, etc. to join or separate from the team, depending on the situation, as the mission unfolds. Training performed at home stations and in mission training/mission rehearsal may occur just days, hours or even minutes before the actual missions. This need for rapid mission-specific rehearsal capabilities and multilateral environment drives requirements to 1) develop a simulation infrastructures that enable embedded simulation capability in the operational systems and 2) develop interoperability mechanisms that enable a more agile, dynamic and adaptive interconnection of heterogeneous simulations. In this paper the lessons learned from the novel BLACK-CACTUS project (Bi-LAteral Collaboration and Knowledge exchange – Command And Control To US and Sweden) is presented. The project shows an agile method of integrating Command and Control Systems and Computer Generated Force engines using the Command and Control Lexical Grammar (C2LG) together with the Widely Integrated Systems Environment (WISE) integration platform. The C2LG is the semantic glue that ties the information parts together and WISE is the framework for disseminating information through several of protocols and information models. The BLACK-CACTUS Proof of Principle consisted of the C2LG GUI, the TVT Vehicle Battle Management System (VBMS), the Joint Semi Automated Forces (JSAF) Simulation, the WISE platform, and the Joint Battle Management Language (JBML) web server and services. This paper presents the architecture, the implementation and the rational why a C2LG together with integration methods provides agile Joint/Coalition Embedded C2 Training Environments.
Pedicle screw instrumentation of the deformed cervical and thoracic spine is challenging to even ... more Pedicle screw instrumentation of the deformed cervical and thoracic spine is challenging to even the most experienced surgeon and associated with increased incidence of screw misplacement. Iso-C3D based navigation has been reported to improve the accuracy of pedicle screw placement, however, there are very few studies assessing its efficacy in the presence of deformity. We conducted a study to evaluate the accuracy of Iso-C3D based navigation in pedicle screw fixation in the deformed cervical and thoracic spine. We inserted 98 cervical pedicle screws (18 patients) and 242 thoracic pedicle screws (17 patients) using Iso-C3D based navigation for deformities of spine due to scoliosis, ankylosing spondylitis, post traumatic and degenerative disorders. Two independent observers determined and graded the accuracy of screw placement from postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Postoperative CT scans of the cervical spine showed 90.8% perfectly placed screws with 7 (7%) grade I pedicle breaches, 2 (2%) grade II pedicle breaches and one anterior cortex penetration (< 2mm). Five lateral pedicle breaches violated the vertebral artery foramen and three medial pedicle breaches penetrated the spinal canal; however, no patient had any neurovascular complications. In the thoracic spine there were 92.2% perfectly placed screws with only six (2%) grade II pedicle breaches, eight (3%) grade I pedicle breaches and five screws (2%) penetrating the anterior or lateral cortex. No neuro-vascular complications were encountered. Iso-C3D based navigation improves the accuracy of pedicle screw placement in deformities of the cervical and thoracic spine. The low incidence of pedicle breach implies increased safety for the patient.
2006 IEEE/ION Position, Location, And Navigation Symposium, 2006
The spread-spectrum structure of GPS signals provides inherent jamming tolerance for GPS receiver... more The spread-spectrum structure of GPS signals provides inherent jamming tolerance for GPS receivers. In a hostile environment where jamming sites may be close to GPS users, a larger JSR is possible. How to achieve the desired accuracy for GPS-based systems in the presence of strong jamming is an important but outstanding problem. Here we propose to use the empirical-mode decomposition (EMD) method, originally developed for analyzing nonlinear and nonstationary signals, for antijamming. Given a jammed, noisy GPS signal, the EMD method identifies the innate undulations belonging to different time scales and sifts them out to yield a small number of intrinsic modes. We find that the EMD method typically works well when the jamming is stationary in that the GPS signal and jamming components are typically contained in different intrinsic modes. However, when the jamming is nonstationary, the GPS signal and jamming are spread over all the intrinsic modes. Our solution is to use the blind-source separation (BSS) method operating on the set of intrinsic modes from EMD. Simulations indicated that this combined EMD/BSS methodology works reasonably well for extracting the GPS signal in the presence of nonstationary jamming for JSR up 45dB.
It is known from the theory of metal cutting that an examination of machining chips provides the ... more It is known from the theory of metal cutting that an examination of machining chips provides the cheapest and the most effective way of understanding the machining characteristics of a material. The review of literature on machining of DRACs reveals that these aspects have been given relatively little attention during the machining studies. This viewpoint has provided motivation for the study of fundamental aspects of machining of composites involving chip formation mechanism experimentally and analytically. This paper discusses experimental work and finite element analysis to investigate the mechanism of chip formation during machining of DRACs. Focus of this paper is on understanding the influence of different cutting parameters on mechanism of machining. Chips generated experimentally and by finite element modeling during orthogonal machining of DRACs were used for this purpose.
2008 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2008
Biophotonic imaging can be used to characterize tumor growth in animal models. Estimation of the ... more Biophotonic imaging can be used to characterize tumor growth in animal models. Estimation of the numbers and location of target cells is dependent on accurate segmentation of a target region from the background luminescence of the animal body. Existing software systems extract general regions of interest in complex images but can fail to detect details or faint regions of interest in the presence of higher luminescent activity. Limited work has been published in the analysis of these images. We explore the use of popular medical image segmentation techniques in segmentation of bioluminescence images. The ability of each algorithm in detecting regions of interest is tested using established performance measures. Based on the characteristics of bioluminescence images of animal tumor models, and the performance of the algorithms, we formulate a framework for segmentation techniques best suited for this application.
Radiologists perform a CT Angiography procedure to examine vascular structures and associated pat... more Radiologists perform a CT Angiography procedure to examine vascular structures and associated pathologies such as aneurysms. Volume rendering is used to exploit volumetric capabilities of CT that provides complete interactive 3-D visualization. However, bone forms an occluding structure and must be segmented out. The anatomical complexity of the head creates a major challenge in the segmentation of bone and vessel.
A rotavirus vaccine could soon become part of India&a... more A rotavirus vaccine could soon become part of India's national immunization program. However the occurrence of intussusception due to rotavirus vaccine is a potential safety concern. This surveillance aimed at the collection of baseline data on childhood intussusception which would facilitate the monitoring of intussusception cases after the introduction of rotavirus vaccines. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of confirmed intussusception cases in children under the age of five, treated during 2007-2012 at two tertiary care hospitals attached to medical schools in India. Demographic, clinical, diagnostic and treatment practices data were obtained from hospital records. Over a five to six year observation period, we identified 187 confirmed cases of intussusception, of which 75% were males. The median age of intussusception was 8 months, and we observed a possible trend in the distribution of cases with the highest number of cases being reported in the month of April and lowest in the month of October. The most common diagnostic methods used were ultrasonography and abdominal radiography with most cases being treated surgically (71%). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days (range 1-40) and mean was 10.2 days. Records of any fatality due to intussusception were not found during the review of the records. This analysis provides an estimate of the baseline data of childhood intussusception prior to the introduction of the rotavirus vaccination as a part of routine immunization in India. A prospective surveillance system using a standardized case definition is needed in order to better examine the incidence of intussusception in developing countries.
Abstract: In the present study a method has been proposed for the behavioral prediction of a pers... more Abstract: In the present study a method has been proposed for the behavioral prediction of a person through automated handwriting analysis. The present work identifies the psychological traits in the writing namely size, slant and pressure, baseline, number of ...
Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) contributes to coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (D... more Peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)) contributes to coronary microvascular dysfunction in diabetes mellitus (DM). We hypothesized that in DM, ONOO(-) interferes with the function of coronary endothelial caveolae, which plays an important role in nitric oxide (NO)-dependent vasomotor regulation. Flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of coronary arterioles was investigated in DM (n = 41) and non-DM (n = 37) patients undergoing heart surgery. NO-mediated coronary FMD was significantly reduced in DM patients, which was restored by ONOO(-) scavenger, iron-(III)-tetrakis(N-methyl-4'pyridyl)porphyrin-pentachloride, or uric acid, whereas exogenous ONOO(-) reduced FMD in non-DM subjects. Immunoelectron microscopy demonstrated an increased 3-nitrotyrosine formation (ONOO(-)-specific protein nitration) in endothelial plasma membrane in DM, which colocalized with caveolin-1 (Cav-1), the key structural protein of caveolae. The membrane-localized Cav-1 was significantly reduced in DM and also in high glucose-exposed coronary endothelial cells. We also found that DM patients exhibited a decreased number of endothelial caveolae, whereas exogenous ONOO(-) reduced caveolae number. Correspondingly, pharmacological (methyl-β-cyclodextrin) or genetic disruption of caveolae (Cav-1 knockout mice) abolished coronary FMD, which was rescued by sepiapterin, the stable precursor of NO synthase (NOS) cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin. Sepiapterin also restored coronary FMD in DM patients. Thus, we propose that ONOO(-) selectively targets and disrupts endothelial caveolae, which contributes to NOS uncoupling, and, hence, reduced NO-mediated coronary vasodilation in DM patients.
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Papers by V. Kamath