Four studies were conducted on a sample of 230 undergraduates to determine the psychometric prope... more Four studies were conducted on a sample of 230 undergraduates to determine the psychometric properties of a measure of alexithymia, the Schalling-Sifneos Scale. In the first study it was found that scores on the scale are approximately normally distributed for each sex with 8.2% of males and 1.8% of females in the alexithymia range. In the second study a factor analysis of the scale revealed three distinct factors: (1) 'difficulty in expression of feelings'; (2) 'the importance of feelings especially about people'; (3) 'day-dreaming or introspection'. In the second factor analytic study, scores from several standard psychological tests on the same subjects were introduced with the scale items. Two factors in this analysis were comprised almost entirely of the other test scores: a 'general psychological distress factor' and a 'concerns about physical symptoms factor'. The other two factors were similar to factors 1 and 2 above in terms of items. The Rathus Assertiveness Scale loaded positively on the equivalent of factor 1. In the lst study, it was shown that Schalling-Sifneos Scale score is relatively orthogonal to other psychological tests with the exception of a Psychosomatic Symptom Checklist and thus is measuring something other than depression, anxiety, etc.
This study investigated the extent to which IQ and emotional/behavioral factors were related to t... more This study investigated the extent to which IQ and emotional/behavioral factors were related to tested academic achievement in 56 child psychiatric inpatients. The first part of the study replicated and extended previous research; WISC—R IQs were highly correlated with tested achievement, Verbal IQs being more highly correlated with achievement than were Performance or Full Scale IQs. In the second part of the study which examined the relationship between the emotional/behavioral indices and achievement, only Trait Anxiety correlated significantly with achievement. However, after the relationship between Trait Anxiety and Verbal IQ was partialed out, the correlation between anxiety and achievement was no longer significant. These findings raise questions regarding the magnitude of the relationship between measures of emotional/behavioral status and tested academic achievement within a single sample of emotionally disturbed children and adolescents.
Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stre... more Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (n = 11) and an age and sex matched group of non-veteran controls (n = 11) on their psychophysiological responding (heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), forehead EMG, skin resistance level, and peripheral temperature) to mental arithmetic and an audiotape of combat sounds played at gradually increasing volume levels. The two groups responded differently to the combat sounds in terms of HR, systolic BP, and forehead EMG. The HR response could correctly classify 95.5% of the combined sample. Implications of these findings for the basis of PTSD are discussed.
The relationship between the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children (Nowicki &... more The relationship between the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children (Nowicki & Strickland, 1973) and academic achievement was examined in a sample of 66 child psychiatric inpatients. Previous studies had suggested that this measure correlated with achievement in normal samples (Nowicki & Strickland, 1973) but not in populations of male juvenile offenders (Little & Kendall, 1978). The product-moment correlation between the Nowicki-Strickland Scale and the Peabody Individual Achievement Test was significant. However, when the effect of IQ was controlled for in a partial correlation, there was no significant correlation. Discussion focuses on the relationship between these results and other findings in the area of locus of control, intelligence, and achievement.
ABSTRACT The cardiac responses of 91 Vietnam combat veterans, who either met (n=57) or did not me... more ABSTRACT The cardiac responses of 91 Vietnam combat veterans, who either met (n=57) or did not meet (n=34) the DSM-III criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), were examined to a neutral stressor of mental arithmetic or to a relevant stressor of progressively louder (40 to 80 db) combat sounds. Examination of individual subject data reveals that one can accurately identify 70.2% of PTSD veterans and 88.2% of combat veterans, with only 9.7% false positives, using a single cutoff score on the highest heart rate response to combat sounds.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1987
... Ontario. Canada. --& Richmond, BO (1978), What I Think and Feci: a revised me... more ... Ontario. Canada. --& Richmond, BO (1978), What I Think and Feci: a revised measure of children's manifest anxiety. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol.. 6:271-280. Saylor. CF. Finch, A. 1.. Jr., Spirito. A. & Bennett, B. (1984), A systematic evaluation of the Children's Depression Inventory. ...
ABSTRACT Four studies of ‘process’ variables in the behavioral treatment of chronic headache are ... more ABSTRACT Four studies of ‘process’ variables in the behavioral treatment of chronic headache are examined. No relation between headache activity-level reduction and therapist variables such as level of experience (study 1) or warmth, competence or helpfulness as perceived by the patient (Study 2) was found from treatments using relaxation training and/or biofeedback. A significant relation was found, however, between regularity of relaxation practice at home (Study 4) and headache-activity reduction and between regularity of showing some degree of hand warming in thermal biofeedback treatment for vascular headache and headache activity-level reduction (Study 3). Finally, no relation was found between changes in EMG and headache activity-level for tension-headache sufferers treated with frontal EMG biofeedback.
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Copyright 1982 by the American Psychologica... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Copyright 1982 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 1982, Vol. 50, No. 4, 562-575 0022-006X/82/5004-0562$00.75 Biofeedback and Relaxation Training With ...
A workshop designed to enhance school personnels' knowledge and understanding of childhood c... more A workshop designed to enhance school personnels' knowledge and understanding of childhood cancer was presented by a multidisciplinary team. Pre- and postworksho assessments were conducted of the participants' attitudes and concerns toward children with cancer, their beliefs concerning how they would react to such children, and their knowledge of medical facts and psychosocial impacts of cancer upon the child and their families. The results are examined in terms of changes in participants' knowledge and attitudes. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stre... more Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (n=11) and an age and sex matched group of nonveteran controls (n=11) on their psychophysiological responding (heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), forehead EMG, skin resistance level, and peripheral temperature) to mental arithmetic and an audiotape of combat sounds played at gradually increasing volume levels. The two groups responded differently to the combat sounds in terms of HR, systolic BP, and forehead EMG. The HR response could correctly classify 95.5% of the combined sample. Implications of these findings for the basis of PTSD are discussed.
Four studies were conducted on a sample of 230 undergraduates to determine the psychometric prope... more Four studies were conducted on a sample of 230 undergraduates to determine the psychometric properties of a measure of alexithymia, the Schalling-Sifneos Scale. In the first study it was found that scores on the scale are approximately normally distributed for each sex with 8.2% of males and 1.8% of females in the alexithymia range. In the second study a factor analysis of the scale revealed three distinct factors: (1) 'difficulty in expression of feelings'; (2) 'the importance of feelings especially about people'; (3) 'day-dreaming or introspection'. In the second factor analytic study, scores from several standard psychological tests on the same subjects were introduced with the scale items. Two factors in this analysis were comprised almost entirely of the other test scores: a 'general psychological distress factor' and a 'concerns about physical symptoms factor'. The other two factors were similar to factors 1 and 2 above in terms of items. The Rathus Assertiveness Scale loaded positively on the equivalent of factor 1. In the lst study, it was shown that Schalling-Sifneos Scale score is relatively orthogonal to other psychological tests with the exception of a Psychosomatic Symptom Checklist and thus is measuring something other than depression, anxiety, etc.
This study investigated the extent to which IQ and emotional/behavioral factors were related to t... more This study investigated the extent to which IQ and emotional/behavioral factors were related to tested academic achievement in 56 child psychiatric inpatients. The first part of the study replicated and extended previous research; WISC—R IQs were highly correlated with tested achievement, Verbal IQs being more highly correlated with achievement than were Performance or Full Scale IQs. In the second part of the study which examined the relationship between the emotional/behavioral indices and achievement, only Trait Anxiety correlated significantly with achievement. However, after the relationship between Trait Anxiety and Verbal IQ was partialed out, the correlation between anxiety and achievement was no longer significant. These findings raise questions regarding the magnitude of the relationship between measures of emotional/behavioral status and tested academic achievement within a single sample of emotionally disturbed children and adolescents.
Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stre... more Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (n = 11) and an age and sex matched group of non-veteran controls (n = 11) on their psychophysiological responding (heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), forehead EMG, skin resistance level, and peripheral temperature) to mental arithmetic and an audiotape of combat sounds played at gradually increasing volume levels. The two groups responded differently to the combat sounds in terms of HR, systolic BP, and forehead EMG. The HR response could correctly classify 95.5% of the combined sample. Implications of these findings for the basis of PTSD are discussed.
The relationship between the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children (Nowicki &... more The relationship between the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children (Nowicki & Strickland, 1973) and academic achievement was examined in a sample of 66 child psychiatric inpatients. Previous studies had suggested that this measure correlated with achievement in normal samples (Nowicki & Strickland, 1973) but not in populations of male juvenile offenders (Little & Kendall, 1978). The product-moment correlation between the Nowicki-Strickland Scale and the Peabody Individual Achievement Test was significant. However, when the effect of IQ was controlled for in a partial correlation, there was no significant correlation. Discussion focuses on the relationship between these results and other findings in the area of locus of control, intelligence, and achievement.
ABSTRACT The cardiac responses of 91 Vietnam combat veterans, who either met (n=57) or did not me... more ABSTRACT The cardiac responses of 91 Vietnam combat veterans, who either met (n=57) or did not meet (n=34) the DSM-III criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), were examined to a neutral stressor of mental arithmetic or to a relevant stressor of progressively louder (40 to 80 db) combat sounds. Examination of individual subject data reveals that one can accurately identify 70.2% of PTSD veterans and 88.2% of combat veterans, with only 9.7% false positives, using a single cutoff score on the highest heart rate response to combat sounds.
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1987
... Ontario. Canada. --& Richmond, BO (1978), What I Think and Feci: a revised me... more ... Ontario. Canada. --& Richmond, BO (1978), What I Think and Feci: a revised measure of children's manifest anxiety. J. Abnorm. Child Psychol.. 6:271-280. Saylor. CF. Finch, A. 1.. Jr., Spirito. A. & Bennett, B. (1984), A systematic evaluation of the Children's Depression Inventory. ...
ABSTRACT Four studies of ‘process’ variables in the behavioral treatment of chronic headache are ... more ABSTRACT Four studies of ‘process’ variables in the behavioral treatment of chronic headache are examined. No relation between headache activity-level reduction and therapist variables such as level of experience (study 1) or warmth, competence or helpfulness as perceived by the patient (Study 2) was found from treatments using relaxation training and/or biofeedback. A significant relation was found, however, between regularity of relaxation practice at home (Study 4) and headache-activity reduction and between regularity of showing some degree of hand warming in thermal biofeedback treatment for vascular headache and headache activity-level reduction (Study 3). Finally, no relation was found between changes in EMG and headache activity-level for tension-headache sufferers treated with frontal EMG biofeedback.
Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Copyright 1982 by the American Psychologica... more Page 1. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology Copyright 1982 by the American Psychological Association, Inc. 1982, Vol. 50, No. 4, 562-575 0022-006X/82/5004-0562$00.75 Biofeedback and Relaxation Training With ...
A workshop designed to enhance school personnels' knowledge and understanding of childhood c... more A workshop designed to enhance school personnels' knowledge and understanding of childhood cancer was presented by a multidisciplinary team. Pre- and postworksho assessments were conducted of the participants' attitudes and concerns toward children with cancer, their beliefs concerning how they would react to such children, and their knowledge of medical facts and psychosocial impacts of cancer upon the child and their families. The results are examined in terms of changes in participants' knowledge and attitudes. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stre... more Comparisons were made between a group of male Vietnam veterans suffering from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) (n=11) and an age and sex matched group of nonveteran controls (n=11) on their psychophysiological responding (heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), forehead EMG, skin resistance level, and peripheral temperature) to mental arithmetic and an audiotape of combat sounds played at gradually increasing volume levels. The two groups responded differently to the combat sounds in terms of HR, systolic BP, and forehead EMG. The HR response could correctly classify 95.5% of the combined sample. Implications of these findings for the basis of PTSD are discussed.
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