'n Baie suksesvolle kortkursus in dieregesondheid en gesondheidsbestuur is op 12 September 20... more 'n Baie suksesvolle kortkursus in dieregesondheid en gesondheidsbestuur is op 12 September 2011 op Elsenburg aangebied. Die kursus is deur dr Faffa Malan en dr Tommy Strydom (MSD, Malelaan Navorsingsplaas) aangebied. Onderwerpe vir die dag het uitwendige parasiete, inwendige parasiete asook entprogramme en hantering van entstowwe ingesluit. Die kursus is bygewoon deur Elsenburg studente, dosente, navorsers, tegnici, adviseurs asook diereproduksie plaaswerkers van die navorsing en FSD afdelings van Elsenburg, asook die Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Die dag is deur MSD geborg wat deur mnr Willem Kleyn verteenwoordig was. Die reel van die dag was die inisiatief van die Elsenburg Diereproduksie Instituut. Praktiese reelings is deur mnr Bennie Aucamp gedoen.
Canola is the third-largest oilseed crop produced in the world, with a current increase in its cu... more Canola is the third-largest oilseed crop produced in the world, with a current increase in its cultivation in the Western Cape. Approximately 71 000ha was planted this season, and it is predicted that this figure can increase to as much as 150 000ha in future. Production amounted to 93 000 tons in 2015.
Professor Tertius Brand from the Elsenburg Animal Production Research Institute, Mrs Suzanne Abim... more Professor Tertius Brand from the Elsenburg Animal Production Research Institute, Mrs Suzanne Abimosleh from the University of Adelaide in Australia, Professor Louw Hoffman from the University of Stellenbosch and Dr Adriaan Olivier from Ostrimed (Klein Karoo Co-operative) in Oudtshoorn are collaborating in the evaluation of ostrich fat (oil) for medical purposes.
Introduction The need for protein in human and animal diets is increasing all over the world. Pro... more Introduction The need for protein in human and animal diets is increasing all over the world. Protein, especially for use in animal feed, is becoming scarcer and more expensive. This is particularly relevant as far as the traditional protein sources, such as fishmeal, meat and bone meal (Protein Advisory Committee, 1990), are concerned. Throughout the world today, there is growing resistance against the use of animal protein sources in animal feeding. Large amounts of vegetable protein (e.g. soybean oil-cake meal) are imported into South Africa at present, but the cost of import for the South African monetary unit is placing pressure on prices. These factors have compelled the Elsenburg Agricultural Research Centre, in conjunction with organizations such as the Protein Research Trust of South Africa, to investigate the potential of locally produced plant protein sources. This article is an overview of the recent research undertaken by Elsenburg on the use of alternative locally prod...
1. Feeding costs are the largest expense in an ostrich production system, and protein is one of t... more 1. Feeding costs are the largest expense in an ostrich production system, and protein is one of the more expensive components of the diet. This study evaluated the growth response of ostrich chicks on diets containing different concentrations of protein (amino acids). The diets were formulated to contain three concentrations of protein (one diet with 20% less protein than the conventional concentration, L; one diet with the conventional concentration of protein, M and one diet with 20% more protein than the conventional concentration, H) for each of the phase diets. The phase diets were pre-starter, starter, grower and finisher. 2. This study includes the analysis of ostrich body weight (BW) by modelling growth with linear polynomial and non-linear functions for all the data not separated for treatments. In total, 3378 BW recordings of 90 animals were collected weekly from hatch (d 0) to 287 d (41 weeks) of age. 3. Seven non-linear growth models and three linear polynomial models we...
... 36 103 34 39 101 103 271 310 335 100 * DM basis Determined by the mobile nylon bag techniqu... more ... 36 103 34 39 101 103 271 310 335 100 * DM basis Determined by the mobile nylon bag technique as described by Brand et al. ... Progress Reports. Elsenburg Agricultural Research Centre, Private Bag X1, Elsenburg 7607, South Africa. 8. Brand, TS and Swart, C., 1999. ...
Introduction Since the first publication on ostrich nutrition appeared in 1913 (Dowsley & Gardine... more Introduction Since the first publication on ostrich nutrition appeared in 1913 (Dowsley & Gardiner, 1913), a considerable amount of research has been conducted on the subject in South Africa. Scientific publications on ostrich nutrition is, however, scarce, since plenty of this information is not published in International Scientific Journals yet. During 1997/1998 the ostrich industry in South Africa reached a low point. Feeding usually constitutes about 70 80% of the total costs of intensive production systems for farm animals and had a major influence on the profitability of an ostrich enterprise as well. Researchers of the Elsenburg Agricultural Research Centre and the Oudtshoorn Experimental farm, in cooperation with the Little Karoo Agricultural Cooperation at Oudtshoorn, therefore conducted several experiments over this period to lower the most important cost item in ostrich production systems, namely the cost of feeding. This was an effort to improve the profitability of inte...
Daar bestaan tans 'n Erasmus Mundus ooreenkoms tussen die Universiteit van Stellenbosch en di... more Daar bestaan tans 'n Erasmus Mundus ooreenkoms tussen die Universiteit van Stellenbosch en die Universiteit van Padova in Italie. Gedurende 'n studiereis na Italie in 2010 deur Prof. Ters Brand, het hy 'n gesamentlike navorsingsprojek met Prof. Antonella de la Zotte van die Universiteit van Padova in Italie en Prof. Louw Hoffman van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch, opgestel. Die projek maak die uitruil van nagraadse studente, dosente en tegnologie tussen die Diereproduksie Instituut op Elsenburg en die Departement Veekundige Wetenskappe op Stellenbosch met die Departement van Veekundige Wetenskappe van die Universiteit van Padova in Italie moontlik.
This study aimed at estimating models to predict the growth and feed intake of Bonsmara bulls and... more This study aimed at estimating models to predict the growth and feed intake of Bonsmara bulls and heifers in backgrounding or pasture-based production systems (Ethical clearance number A16-SCI-AGR-001). Growth and intake data were collected from the Kromme Rhee Bonsmara stud in the Stellenbosch region. The growth curves of steers and heifers were modelled using the Gompertz function. Parameter estimates of the function showed that the mature weight (A) parameter was greater (P <0.05) for bulls than heifers (ca. 878.4 vs 562.1 kg, respectively). The maturation rates (parameter B) did not differ between the sexes, while the days at maximum growth (parameter C) was higher for bulls (291.5 days) than for heifers (182.4 days). Linear functions were used to describe the average feed intakes, as well as cumulative intakes, with body weights from growing bulls and heifers from the ages 6-20 months reared on lucerne hay and protein supplement. On average, it was observed that on the lucer...
The palatability and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum muscles from 24 Boer goat castr... more The palatability and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum muscles from 24 Boer goat castrates (eight goats per treatment), finished on diets varying in energy content (9.7, 10.2 and 10.6MJ ME/kg feed), were evaluated by a trained sensory panel on a line scale ranging from low to high intensity for aroma, flavour and texture attributes. Physical measurements as well as proximate analysis were performed for each sample. No differences (P>0.05) were found between the dietary treatments for any of the attributes analysed. Lamb flavour and aroma were the most prominent attributes, while only low levels of goat-like flavours were detected. Juiciness and tenderness had a strong correlation (r=0.864) and were rated to be moderate. The findings suggest that energy density of feedlot diets can be varied to still produce chevon with uniform meat quality characteristics.
Recent increases in mutton lamb prices have resulted in many lamb producers opting to finish more... more Recent increases in mutton lamb prices have resulted in many lamb producers opting to finish more and more lambs on the farms in a feedlot system rather than marketing directly from the field. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of dietary energy, as well as the inclusion of a β-adrenergic agonist, on the production of feedlot lambs. South African Mutton Merino lambs (108) of different sexes were weaned (± 36.4 kg) at ca. 120 days of age and were randomly divided into six experimental groups (18 lambs per group), which were adapted to each treatment. Lambs were housed in individual pens. The treatments consisted of three diets (diet 1: 11.3 MJ ME/kg food, diet: 2 12.0 MJ ME/kg food and diet 3: 12.7 MJ ME/kg) with either the inclusion or absence of a β-adrenergic agonist at 8.5 g/ton. The experimental design was a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design with dietary energy level, the provision of a β-adrenergic agonist and sex as main factors. No interaction occurred between treatme...
β-adrenergic agonists are commonly used in livestock production to enhance meat production and de... more β-adrenergic agonists are commonly used in livestock production to enhance meat production and decrease the fat content of the body. β-adrenergic agonists normally improve growth performance. Recent increases in meat prices and the change in consumer preference towards leaner meat have resulted in more lamb producers opting to finish leaner mutton/lamb on farms in a feedlot system. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of dietary energy, as well as the inclusion of a β-antagonist, on the meat quality of feedlot lambs. South African Mutton Merino lambs (108) of different sexes (rams and ewes) were weaned at 120 days of age and were randomly divided into six groups (18 lambs per group). The treatment consisted of three different dietary energy levels (high 12.7 MJ ME/kg feed, medium 12.0 MJ ME/kg feed and low 11.3 MJ ME/kg feed) with either the inclusion of a β-adrenergic agonist (zilpaterol hydrochloride) at 8.4 g/ton or not. Data were analysed according to a 3 (dietary e...
Small ruminant research : the journal of the International Goat Association, 2000
The grazing behaviour and diet selection by Dorper sheep, as well as other related aspects (pastu... more The grazing behaviour and diet selection by Dorper sheep, as well as other related aspects (pasture intake, walking habits and trampling) is reviewed. It was clear that Dorper sheep are less-selective grazers, compared to Merino-type breeds. Dorpers utilised shrubs and bushes to a greater extent, but grass to a lesser extent in relation to Merino sheep. The Dorper also utilised a larger number of different plant species than Merinos. Dorpers walked less to select food, or a suitable spot to graze, which consequently led to a shorter grazing time and less separate grazing periods. Dorpers consumed less herbage per metabolic size compared to Merino-type sheep. No uniform pattern in the walking distance of Dorpers was observed when compared to other sheep breeds. The relative trampling factor for Dorper sheep was less than that of evaluated Merino-type sheep. The review revealed a lack on information on the grazing behaviour and diet selection of Dorper sheep under more intensive grazi...
'n Baie suksesvolle kortkursus in dieregesondheid en gesondheidsbestuur is op 12 September 20... more 'n Baie suksesvolle kortkursus in dieregesondheid en gesondheidsbestuur is op 12 September 2011 op Elsenburg aangebied. Die kursus is deur dr Faffa Malan en dr Tommy Strydom (MSD, Malelaan Navorsingsplaas) aangebied. Onderwerpe vir die dag het uitwendige parasiete, inwendige parasiete asook entprogramme en hantering van entstowwe ingesluit. Die kursus is bygewoon deur Elsenburg studente, dosente, navorsers, tegnici, adviseurs asook diereproduksie plaaswerkers van die navorsing en FSD afdelings van Elsenburg, asook die Universiteit van Stellenbosch. Die dag is deur MSD geborg wat deur mnr Willem Kleyn verteenwoordig was. Die reel van die dag was die inisiatief van die Elsenburg Diereproduksie Instituut. Praktiese reelings is deur mnr Bennie Aucamp gedoen.
Canola is the third-largest oilseed crop produced in the world, with a current increase in its cu... more Canola is the third-largest oilseed crop produced in the world, with a current increase in its cultivation in the Western Cape. Approximately 71 000ha was planted this season, and it is predicted that this figure can increase to as much as 150 000ha in future. Production amounted to 93 000 tons in 2015.
Professor Tertius Brand from the Elsenburg Animal Production Research Institute, Mrs Suzanne Abim... more Professor Tertius Brand from the Elsenburg Animal Production Research Institute, Mrs Suzanne Abimosleh from the University of Adelaide in Australia, Professor Louw Hoffman from the University of Stellenbosch and Dr Adriaan Olivier from Ostrimed (Klein Karoo Co-operative) in Oudtshoorn are collaborating in the evaluation of ostrich fat (oil) for medical purposes.
Introduction The need for protein in human and animal diets is increasing all over the world. Pro... more Introduction The need for protein in human and animal diets is increasing all over the world. Protein, especially for use in animal feed, is becoming scarcer and more expensive. This is particularly relevant as far as the traditional protein sources, such as fishmeal, meat and bone meal (Protein Advisory Committee, 1990), are concerned. Throughout the world today, there is growing resistance against the use of animal protein sources in animal feeding. Large amounts of vegetable protein (e.g. soybean oil-cake meal) are imported into South Africa at present, but the cost of import for the South African monetary unit is placing pressure on prices. These factors have compelled the Elsenburg Agricultural Research Centre, in conjunction with organizations such as the Protein Research Trust of South Africa, to investigate the potential of locally produced plant protein sources. This article is an overview of the recent research undertaken by Elsenburg on the use of alternative locally prod...
1. Feeding costs are the largest expense in an ostrich production system, and protein is one of t... more 1. Feeding costs are the largest expense in an ostrich production system, and protein is one of the more expensive components of the diet. This study evaluated the growth response of ostrich chicks on diets containing different concentrations of protein (amino acids). The diets were formulated to contain three concentrations of protein (one diet with 20% less protein than the conventional concentration, L; one diet with the conventional concentration of protein, M and one diet with 20% more protein than the conventional concentration, H) for each of the phase diets. The phase diets were pre-starter, starter, grower and finisher. 2. This study includes the analysis of ostrich body weight (BW) by modelling growth with linear polynomial and non-linear functions for all the data not separated for treatments. In total, 3378 BW recordings of 90 animals were collected weekly from hatch (d 0) to 287 d (41 weeks) of age. 3. Seven non-linear growth models and three linear polynomial models we...
... 36 103 34 39 101 103 271 310 335 100 * DM basis Determined by the mobile nylon bag techniqu... more ... 36 103 34 39 101 103 271 310 335 100 * DM basis Determined by the mobile nylon bag technique as described by Brand et al. ... Progress Reports. Elsenburg Agricultural Research Centre, Private Bag X1, Elsenburg 7607, South Africa. 8. Brand, TS and Swart, C., 1999. ...
Introduction Since the first publication on ostrich nutrition appeared in 1913 (Dowsley & Gardine... more Introduction Since the first publication on ostrich nutrition appeared in 1913 (Dowsley & Gardiner, 1913), a considerable amount of research has been conducted on the subject in South Africa. Scientific publications on ostrich nutrition is, however, scarce, since plenty of this information is not published in International Scientific Journals yet. During 1997/1998 the ostrich industry in South Africa reached a low point. Feeding usually constitutes about 70 80% of the total costs of intensive production systems for farm animals and had a major influence on the profitability of an ostrich enterprise as well. Researchers of the Elsenburg Agricultural Research Centre and the Oudtshoorn Experimental farm, in cooperation with the Little Karoo Agricultural Cooperation at Oudtshoorn, therefore conducted several experiments over this period to lower the most important cost item in ostrich production systems, namely the cost of feeding. This was an effort to improve the profitability of inte...
Daar bestaan tans 'n Erasmus Mundus ooreenkoms tussen die Universiteit van Stellenbosch en di... more Daar bestaan tans 'n Erasmus Mundus ooreenkoms tussen die Universiteit van Stellenbosch en die Universiteit van Padova in Italie. Gedurende 'n studiereis na Italie in 2010 deur Prof. Ters Brand, het hy 'n gesamentlike navorsingsprojek met Prof. Antonella de la Zotte van die Universiteit van Padova in Italie en Prof. Louw Hoffman van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch, opgestel. Die projek maak die uitruil van nagraadse studente, dosente en tegnologie tussen die Diereproduksie Instituut op Elsenburg en die Departement Veekundige Wetenskappe op Stellenbosch met die Departement van Veekundige Wetenskappe van die Universiteit van Padova in Italie moontlik.
This study aimed at estimating models to predict the growth and feed intake of Bonsmara bulls and... more This study aimed at estimating models to predict the growth and feed intake of Bonsmara bulls and heifers in backgrounding or pasture-based production systems (Ethical clearance number A16-SCI-AGR-001). Growth and intake data were collected from the Kromme Rhee Bonsmara stud in the Stellenbosch region. The growth curves of steers and heifers were modelled using the Gompertz function. Parameter estimates of the function showed that the mature weight (A) parameter was greater (P <0.05) for bulls than heifers (ca. 878.4 vs 562.1 kg, respectively). The maturation rates (parameter B) did not differ between the sexes, while the days at maximum growth (parameter C) was higher for bulls (291.5 days) than for heifers (182.4 days). Linear functions were used to describe the average feed intakes, as well as cumulative intakes, with body weights from growing bulls and heifers from the ages 6-20 months reared on lucerne hay and protein supplement. On average, it was observed that on the lucer...
The palatability and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum muscles from 24 Boer goat castr... more The palatability and chemical composition of Longissimus lumborum muscles from 24 Boer goat castrates (eight goats per treatment), finished on diets varying in energy content (9.7, 10.2 and 10.6MJ ME/kg feed), were evaluated by a trained sensory panel on a line scale ranging from low to high intensity for aroma, flavour and texture attributes. Physical measurements as well as proximate analysis were performed for each sample. No differences (P>0.05) were found between the dietary treatments for any of the attributes analysed. Lamb flavour and aroma were the most prominent attributes, while only low levels of goat-like flavours were detected. Juiciness and tenderness had a strong correlation (r=0.864) and were rated to be moderate. The findings suggest that energy density of feedlot diets can be varied to still produce chevon with uniform meat quality characteristics.
Recent increases in mutton lamb prices have resulted in many lamb producers opting to finish more... more Recent increases in mutton lamb prices have resulted in many lamb producers opting to finish more and more lambs on the farms in a feedlot system rather than marketing directly from the field. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of dietary energy, as well as the inclusion of a β-adrenergic agonist, on the production of feedlot lambs. South African Mutton Merino lambs (108) of different sexes were weaned (± 36.4 kg) at ca. 120 days of age and were randomly divided into six experimental groups (18 lambs per group), which were adapted to each treatment. Lambs were housed in individual pens. The treatments consisted of three diets (diet 1: 11.3 MJ ME/kg food, diet: 2 12.0 MJ ME/kg food and diet 3: 12.7 MJ ME/kg) with either the inclusion or absence of a β-adrenergic agonist at 8.5 g/ton. The experimental design was a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial design with dietary energy level, the provision of a β-adrenergic agonist and sex as main factors. No interaction occurred between treatme...
β-adrenergic agonists are commonly used in livestock production to enhance meat production and de... more β-adrenergic agonists are commonly used in livestock production to enhance meat production and decrease the fat content of the body. β-adrenergic agonists normally improve growth performance. Recent increases in meat prices and the change in consumer preference towards leaner meat have resulted in more lamb producers opting to finish leaner mutton/lamb on farms in a feedlot system. The aim of this trial was to determine the effect of dietary energy, as well as the inclusion of a β-antagonist, on the meat quality of feedlot lambs. South African Mutton Merino lambs (108) of different sexes (rams and ewes) were weaned at 120 days of age and were randomly divided into six groups (18 lambs per group). The treatment consisted of three different dietary energy levels (high 12.7 MJ ME/kg feed, medium 12.0 MJ ME/kg feed and low 11.3 MJ ME/kg feed) with either the inclusion of a β-adrenergic agonist (zilpaterol hydrochloride) at 8.4 g/ton or not. Data were analysed according to a 3 (dietary e...
Small ruminant research : the journal of the International Goat Association, 2000
The grazing behaviour and diet selection by Dorper sheep, as well as other related aspects (pastu... more The grazing behaviour and diet selection by Dorper sheep, as well as other related aspects (pasture intake, walking habits and trampling) is reviewed. It was clear that Dorper sheep are less-selective grazers, compared to Merino-type breeds. Dorpers utilised shrubs and bushes to a greater extent, but grass to a lesser extent in relation to Merino sheep. The Dorper also utilised a larger number of different plant species than Merinos. Dorpers walked less to select food, or a suitable spot to graze, which consequently led to a shorter grazing time and less separate grazing periods. Dorpers consumed less herbage per metabolic size compared to Merino-type sheep. No uniform pattern in the walking distance of Dorpers was observed when compared to other sheep breeds. The relative trampling factor for Dorper sheep was less than that of evaluated Merino-type sheep. The review revealed a lack on information on the grazing behaviour and diet selection of Dorper sheep under more intensive grazi...
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