This study aims to explore the local cultural values on Malaysian and British websites selected f... more This study aims to explore the local cultural values on Malaysian and British websites selected from different sectors. In recent years, a number of studies have addressed the issue of local culture in website design, but most of the studies have focused on USA representing western cultures, whereas Chinese and Japanese cultures have been the main focal point of Asian cultures. This study intends to fill this gap, focusing on less-debated cultures: Malaysia and Britain. It applies Hofstede’s individualism/collectivism, and power distance, and Hall’s high/low-context cultural dimensions, and analyses how these cultural values are reflected in Malaysian and British websites. A content analysis of the websites highlights considerable differences in representing local cultural values on the local websites.
The Catla carp (Catla catla) is an important freshwater fish species and native to the riverine s... more The Catla carp (Catla catla) is an important freshwater fish species and native to the riverine systems of Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar. It is a popular fishery target due to its high market demand (FAO, 2014). In Pakistan, it also contributes to the country’s aquaculture production significantly. However, during captive management, its gene pool is likely subject to various changes. Describing the genetic diversity and genetic structure of fishery stocks after few generation is imperative for conservation, management, stock identification, stock improvement, stock augmentation and selective breeding programs to maintain diverse gene pool (Ciftci and Okumus, 2002). Genetic variability is necessary for long-term survival of populations. However, due to human interventions (e.g. overfishing, pollution, alteration of hydrological regimes, fisheries induced selection, inbreeding etc.), genetic variation can become reduced and even lost (Ciftci and Okumus, 2002; Abbas et al.,...
Amputation of the penis is a rare condition reported from various parts of the world. They report... more Amputation of the penis is a rare condition reported from various parts of the world. They reported as isolated cases or small series of patients in scientific research. The common etiology is self amputation by sharp weapon or an avulsion or crush injury in an industrial accident or following violence. Complete reconstruction of anatomical structures should be done in one stage which provides the best chance for full rehabilitation of the patient. We report here a single case of sub-total amputation of the penis at it's proximal third in a schizophrenic patient. The penis was successfully replanted using a microsurgical technique. After surgery, near-normal appearance and function including a good urine flow and absence of urethral stricture, capabilities of erection and near normal sensitivity were observed. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (1) : 54-57
In the version of this Article originally published, in Fig. 2c, the '+' sign and 'OS... more In the version of this Article originally published, in Fig. 2c, the '+' sign and 'OSKM' were superimposed in the label '+OSKM'. In Fig. 4e, in the labels, all instances of 'Ant' should have been 'Anti-'. And, in Fig. 7a, the label '0.0' was misplaced; it should have been on the colour scale bar. These figures have now been corrected in the online versions.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, Jan 27, 2016
Ajuga bracteosa has been extensively used traditionally for the treatment of a variety of disease... more Ajuga bracteosa has been extensively used traditionally for the treatment of a variety of diseases. The aim of the study was to scientifically validate the wide-scale exploitation of A. bracteosa in folk medicine various in vitro and in vivo assays. Moreover, these activities were related to the intrinsic biologically active phytoecdysteroids of A. bracteosa. Aerial and root parts of A. bracteosa were first extracted separately with chloroform (AbCA and AbCR) and the residue was again extracted with methanol (AbMA and AbMR). Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were assayed as quercetin (QE) and gallic acid equivalents (GAE), respectively. These extracts were analyzed for in vitro antioxidant assessment including DPPH and H2O2 (% inhibition of free radicals), and reducing power and phosphomolybdenum methods (ascorbic acid equivalents AAE mg/g DW). Further, these extracts were assayed in vivo in separate groups of Sprague-Dawley rats for carrageenan induced rat paw edema inhibition,...
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
Job Satisfaction has now become one of the most important factors for optimal utility of Human Re... more Job Satisfaction has now become one of the most important factors for optimal utility of Human Resource. Because of its importance, many researches have been carried out from almost all sectors. Organizations have realized the importance of job satisfaction and have included things like bonuses, awards, performance rewards and conducive working environment etc. Federal/Semi government employees are the most important people in a nation as they are the policy makers or provide the basic input for making any policy and they drive a nation as all the institutions of country are run on the policies which are formulated by them. If they are not satisfied with their jobs, then it is an alarming situation. Our basic purpose of this research was to determine and analyze the officers of Government/provincial and Semi Government organizations for their job satisfaction level. Research is based upon Salary, Fringe benefits, Working environment, Use of skills and activities, Work activities etc. Data will be analyzed for job satisfaction with respect to difference of age, gender, experience, level of employee and different types of government. In this research we have tried to evaluate the job satisfaction level of Federal/Semi government employees of Pakistan. A quantitative type of study was conducted having questionnaires developed from already researches carried out. It was kept in mind that maximum departments and people at different levels should be contacted to have a clear picture of the situation. The results show that as the grade increases, the satisfaction level also increases. It is concluded that officers specially initial grade officers are not very satisfied with their jobs.
The phenomenon of water eutrophication has increased over the world. Eutrophication involves the ... more The phenomenon of water eutrophication has increased over the world. Eutrophication involves the excessive algal growth due to increased influx of nutrients, leading to reduced level of dissolved oxygen in water. A regular inflow of P is mainly responsible for eutrophication. The present study was designed to monitor the occurrence and assessment of eutrophication in Rawal lake, Islamabad. Three different types of parameters viz., dissolved phosphorus in lake water, microbial biomass and phosphorus fractions in sediments were analyzed for its assessment. Water samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved phosphorus on biweekly basis while sediments from lake were collected and analyzed for phosphorus fractions in October, 2007 and July, 2008. Rawal lake was categorized as oligotrophic in October 2007, moderately eutrophic in January, and eutrophic in June and July, 2008 with a maximum level of dissolved phosphorus of 0.063 mg L-1. The rainfall was recorded highest of 160 mm in ...
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2015
We report measurements of 30 major and trace elements (TEs) in sediment cores from two high‐altit... more We report measurements of 30 major and trace elements (TEs) in sediment cores from two high‐altitude lakes, West Pine Pond (WPP), and Clear Pond (CP), in the Adirondack Mountains of New York State using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. The data are used to deduce atmospheric deposition histories of TEs over ~130 years. The cores were collected using a gravity corer, sliced, freeze dried, and ages determined using 210Pb and 137Cs techniques. TE data in WPP were supplemented with our earlier elemental carbon (EC) measurements. Lithophilic elements showed no systematic temporal pattern or any significant enrichment over their crustal abundances. Anthropogenic TEs exhibited distinct increases beginning ~1900, and peaked around 1920–1970, due apparently to energy‐related emissions. Peak concentrations of most TEs, except Pb and Hg, were observed at ~1921 in WPP and ~1940s in CP. Concentration of Pb peaked in 1973 in both lakes and Hg only in CP at ~1965. Lead fluxes were ref...
Elemental or black carbon (EC or BC) aerosols produced during incomplete combustion strongly abso... more Elemental or black carbon (EC or BC) aerosols produced during incomplete combustion strongly absorb solar radiation and contribute to global warming, and cause cardiopulmonary disease. Long-term atmospheric EC measurements, [EC]atm, are needed to validate global climate models to estimate the impact of EC on earth's temperature. Such data is sparse. In this work, a new technique was developed to retrieve
not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bdjps.v4i1.18683 Bangladesh Journal of Plastic Surge... more not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bdjps.v4i1.18683 Bangladesh Journal of Plastic Surgery January 2013, 4(1): 01-03
This study aims to explore the local cultural values on Malaysian and British websites selected f... more This study aims to explore the local cultural values on Malaysian and British websites selected from different sectors. In recent years, a number of studies have addressed the issue of local culture in website design, but most of the studies have focused on USA representing western cultures, whereas Chinese and Japanese cultures have been the main focal point of Asian cultures. This study intends to fill this gap, focusing on less-debated cultures: Malaysia and Britain. It applies Hofstede’s individualism/collectivism, and power distance, and Hall’s high/low-context cultural dimensions, and analyses how these cultural values are reflected in Malaysian and British websites. A content analysis of the websites highlights considerable differences in representing local cultural values on the local websites.
The Catla carp (Catla catla) is an important freshwater fish species and native to the riverine s... more The Catla carp (Catla catla) is an important freshwater fish species and native to the riverine systems of Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, and Myanmar. It is a popular fishery target due to its high market demand (FAO, 2014). In Pakistan, it also contributes to the country’s aquaculture production significantly. However, during captive management, its gene pool is likely subject to various changes. Describing the genetic diversity and genetic structure of fishery stocks after few generation is imperative for conservation, management, stock identification, stock improvement, stock augmentation and selective breeding programs to maintain diverse gene pool (Ciftci and Okumus, 2002). Genetic variability is necessary for long-term survival of populations. However, due to human interventions (e.g. overfishing, pollution, alteration of hydrological regimes, fisheries induced selection, inbreeding etc.), genetic variation can become reduced and even lost (Ciftci and Okumus, 2002; Abbas et al.,...
Amputation of the penis is a rare condition reported from various parts of the world. They report... more Amputation of the penis is a rare condition reported from various parts of the world. They reported as isolated cases or small series of patients in scientific research. The common etiology is self amputation by sharp weapon or an avulsion or crush injury in an industrial accident or following violence. Complete reconstruction of anatomical structures should be done in one stage which provides the best chance for full rehabilitation of the patient. We report here a single case of sub-total amputation of the penis at it's proximal third in a schizophrenic patient. The penis was successfully replanted using a microsurgical technique. After surgery, near-normal appearance and function including a good urine flow and absence of urethral stricture, capabilities of erection and near normal sensitivity were observed. Journal of Surgical Sciences (2013) Vol. 17 (1) : 54-57
In the version of this Article originally published, in Fig. 2c, the '+' sign and 'OS... more In the version of this Article originally published, in Fig. 2c, the '+' sign and 'OSKM' were superimposed in the label '+OSKM'. In Fig. 4e, in the labels, all instances of 'Ant' should have been 'Anti-'. And, in Fig. 7a, the label '0.0' was misplaced; it should have been on the colour scale bar. These figures have now been corrected in the online versions.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, Jan 27, 2016
Ajuga bracteosa has been extensively used traditionally for the treatment of a variety of disease... more Ajuga bracteosa has been extensively used traditionally for the treatment of a variety of diseases. The aim of the study was to scientifically validate the wide-scale exploitation of A. bracteosa in folk medicine various in vitro and in vivo assays. Moreover, these activities were related to the intrinsic biologically active phytoecdysteroids of A. bracteosa. Aerial and root parts of A. bracteosa were first extracted separately with chloroform (AbCA and AbCR) and the residue was again extracted with methanol (AbMA and AbMR). Total flavonoid and phenolic contents were assayed as quercetin (QE) and gallic acid equivalents (GAE), respectively. These extracts were analyzed for in vitro antioxidant assessment including DPPH and H2O2 (% inhibition of free radicals), and reducing power and phosphomolybdenum methods (ascorbic acid equivalents AAE mg/g DW). Further, these extracts were assayed in vivo in separate groups of Sprague-Dawley rats for carrageenan induced rat paw edema inhibition,...
Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 2016
Job Satisfaction has now become one of the most important factors for optimal utility of Human Re... more Job Satisfaction has now become one of the most important factors for optimal utility of Human Resource. Because of its importance, many researches have been carried out from almost all sectors. Organizations have realized the importance of job satisfaction and have included things like bonuses, awards, performance rewards and conducive working environment etc. Federal/Semi government employees are the most important people in a nation as they are the policy makers or provide the basic input for making any policy and they drive a nation as all the institutions of country are run on the policies which are formulated by them. If they are not satisfied with their jobs, then it is an alarming situation. Our basic purpose of this research was to determine and analyze the officers of Government/provincial and Semi Government organizations for their job satisfaction level. Research is based upon Salary, Fringe benefits, Working environment, Use of skills and activities, Work activities etc. Data will be analyzed for job satisfaction with respect to difference of age, gender, experience, level of employee and different types of government. In this research we have tried to evaluate the job satisfaction level of Federal/Semi government employees of Pakistan. A quantitative type of study was conducted having questionnaires developed from already researches carried out. It was kept in mind that maximum departments and people at different levels should be contacted to have a clear picture of the situation. The results show that as the grade increases, the satisfaction level also increases. It is concluded that officers specially initial grade officers are not very satisfied with their jobs.
The phenomenon of water eutrophication has increased over the world. Eutrophication involves the ... more The phenomenon of water eutrophication has increased over the world. Eutrophication involves the excessive algal growth due to increased influx of nutrients, leading to reduced level of dissolved oxygen in water. A regular inflow of P is mainly responsible for eutrophication. The present study was designed to monitor the occurrence and assessment of eutrophication in Rawal lake, Islamabad. Three different types of parameters viz., dissolved phosphorus in lake water, microbial biomass and phosphorus fractions in sediments were analyzed for its assessment. Water samples were collected and analyzed for dissolved phosphorus on biweekly basis while sediments from lake were collected and analyzed for phosphorus fractions in October, 2007 and July, 2008. Rawal lake was categorized as oligotrophic in October 2007, moderately eutrophic in January, and eutrophic in June and July, 2008 with a maximum level of dissolved phosphorus of 0.063 mg L-1. The rainfall was recorded highest of 160 mm in ...
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2015
We report measurements of 30 major and trace elements (TEs) in sediment cores from two high‐altit... more We report measurements of 30 major and trace elements (TEs) in sediment cores from two high‐altitude lakes, West Pine Pond (WPP), and Clear Pond (CP), in the Adirondack Mountains of New York State using inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. The data are used to deduce atmospheric deposition histories of TEs over ~130 years. The cores were collected using a gravity corer, sliced, freeze dried, and ages determined using 210Pb and 137Cs techniques. TE data in WPP were supplemented with our earlier elemental carbon (EC) measurements. Lithophilic elements showed no systematic temporal pattern or any significant enrichment over their crustal abundances. Anthropogenic TEs exhibited distinct increases beginning ~1900, and peaked around 1920–1970, due apparently to energy‐related emissions. Peak concentrations of most TEs, except Pb and Hg, were observed at ~1921 in WPP and ~1940s in CP. Concentration of Pb peaked in 1973 in both lakes and Hg only in CP at ~1965. Lead fluxes were ref...
Elemental or black carbon (EC or BC) aerosols produced during incomplete combustion strongly abso... more Elemental or black carbon (EC or BC) aerosols produced during incomplete combustion strongly absorb solar radiation and contribute to global warming, and cause cardiopulmonary disease. Long-term atmospheric EC measurements, [EC]atm, are needed to validate global climate models to estimate the impact of EC on earth's temperature. Such data is sparse. In this work, a new technique was developed to retrieve
not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bdjps.v4i1.18683 Bangladesh Journal of Plastic Surge... more not available DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bdjps.v4i1.18683 Bangladesh Journal of Plastic Surgery January 2013, 4(1): 01-03
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