Skip Navigation Links Home > March 2003 - Volume 16 - Issue 1 > Clinical Correlates of Cogn... more Skip Navigation Links Home > March 2003 - Volume 16 - Issue 1 > Clinical Correlates of Cognitive Decline in Vascular Dementi... ... *Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island; University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, ...
Background Infection with HIV may result in significant neuropsychological impairment, especially... more Background Infection with HIV may result in significant neuropsychological impairment, especially in late stage disease. To date, there have been no cohort studies of the impact of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) in South Africa where clade C HIV is predominant. Methods Participants in the current study were recruited from a larger study of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and included a group of individuals commencing HAART (n= 82). Baseline and one-year neuropsychological function was ...
Previous studies have reported cognitive deficits among HIV-positive individuals infected with cl... more Previous studies have reported cognitive deficits among HIV-positive individuals infected with clade C virus. However, no study has examined whether individuals predominately infected with clade C virus exhibit brain atrophy relative to healthy controls. This study examined volumetric differences between 28 HIV+ individuals and 23 HIV− controls from South Africa. Volumetric measures were obtained from six regions of interest—caudate, thalamus, corpus callosum, total cortex, total gray matter, and total white matter. ...
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) exert an impact on everyday functions, including a... more HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) exert an impact on everyday functions, including adherence. The prevalence of and risk factors for HAND in patients commencing anti-retroviral therapy in Southern Africa are unknown. Participants from primary care clinics in Cape Town, South Africa underwent detailed neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and neuromedical evaluation. Using the updated American Academy of Neurology (AAN) criteria, participants were classified into categories of HAND, and ...
A functional polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF Val66Met, is associated ... more A functional polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF Val66Met, is associated with risk for major depression alongside impairments in memory and selective attention. This study aims to identify the mediating neural mechanisms in links between BDNF and depression using highly heritable electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. In 305 healthy subjects, BDNF Val66Met genotypes were compared in terms of trait depression, neural function (EEG during a resting state) and cognitive performance. The ...
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1984
Two pregnancies of a patient with the mitis type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) were followe... more Two pregnancies of a patient with the mitis type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) were followed up. The first pregnancy ended at 26 weeks. The second one proceeded to term, but the infant had a low birth weight and the placenta showed dysmaturity. In view of these pregnancies, the authors consider the vaginal route as an alternative to caesarean section for delivery of patients with the mitis type of EDS. In connection with both deliveries, serum zinc and copper levels were determined with the method of particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE); the concentrations of both trace elements were low. The ceruloplasmin levels, on the other hand, were within the normal range. The relevance of these findings is discussed.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1984
Twenty uncomplicated pregnancies, 10 parturients with mild and 10 parturients with severe pre-ecl... more Twenty uncomplicated pregnancies, 10 parturients with mild and 10 parturients with severe pre-eclampsia, all with uncomplicated deliveries, were studied. Maternal and umbilical cord serum were checked for copper and zinc by the proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method; maternal serum protein, hemoglobin and estriol were determined as well. Maternal zinc and copper values were lower, whereas the umbilical cord serum copper level was higher in the group with severe pre-eclampsia as compared with the controls. Maternal zinc was also lower in mild pre-eclampsia than in the controls. The possible causes of these changes are discussed in view of the hormonal, metabolic and enzymatic changes in pre-eclampsia.
BackgroundGrowing evidence has shown that obesity is associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes... more BackgroundGrowing evidence has shown that obesity is associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be an effective intervention for morbid obesity and can result in improvement of many co-morbid medical conditions that are associated with cognitive dysfunction. The effects of bariatric surgery on cognition are unknown.
Cerebral metabolite disturbances occur among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people, ... more Cerebral metabolite disturbances occur among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people, and are thought to reflect neuropathology, including proinflammatory processes, and neuronal loss. HIV-associated cortical atrophy continues to occur, though its basis is not well understood, and the relationship of cerebral metabolic disturbance to structural brain abnormalities in HIV has not been well delineated. We hypothesized that metabolite disturbances would be
We present new quantitative diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) tractography-based metrics for assessi... more We present new quantitative diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) tractography-based metrics for assessing cerebral white matter integrity. These metrics extend prior work in this area. Tractography models of cerebral white matter were produced from each subject's DTI data. The models are a set of curves (eg,���streamtubes���) derived from DTI data that represent the underlying topography of the cerebral white matter. Nine metrics were calculated in whole brain tractography models and in three ���tracts-of-interest���(TOI): transcallosal fibers, ...
In July 2009, the Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS at the National Institute of Mental H... more In July 2009, the Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS at the National Institute of Mental Health organized and supported the meeting “NeuroAIDS in Africa.” This meeting was held in Cape Town, South Africa, and was affiliated with the 5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention. Presentations began with an overview of the epidemiology of HIV in
Skip Navigation Links Home > March 2003 - Volume 16 - Issue 1 > Clinical Correlates of Cogn... more Skip Navigation Links Home > March 2003 - Volume 16 - Issue 1 > Clinical Correlates of Cognitive Decline in Vascular Dementi... ... *Brown Medical School, Providence, Rhode Island; University of Iowa College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa; and Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, ...
Background Infection with HIV may result in significant neuropsychological impairment, especially... more Background Infection with HIV may result in significant neuropsychological impairment, especially in late stage disease. To date, there have been no cohort studies of the impact of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) in South Africa where clade C HIV is predominant. Methods Participants in the current study were recruited from a larger study of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) and included a group of individuals commencing HAART (n= 82). Baseline and one-year neuropsychological function was ...
Previous studies have reported cognitive deficits among HIV-positive individuals infected with cl... more Previous studies have reported cognitive deficits among HIV-positive individuals infected with clade C virus. However, no study has examined whether individuals predominately infected with clade C virus exhibit brain atrophy relative to healthy controls. This study examined volumetric differences between 28 HIV+ individuals and 23 HIV− controls from South Africa. Volumetric measures were obtained from six regions of interest—caudate, thalamus, corpus callosum, total cortex, total gray matter, and total white matter. ...
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) exert an impact on everyday functions, including a... more HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) exert an impact on everyday functions, including adherence. The prevalence of and risk factors for HAND in patients commencing anti-retroviral therapy in Southern Africa are unknown. Participants from primary care clinics in Cape Town, South Africa underwent detailed neuropsychological, neuropsychiatric, and neuromedical evaluation. Using the updated American Academy of Neurology (AAN) criteria, participants were classified into categories of HAND, and ...
A functional polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF Val66Met, is associated ... more A functional polymorphism of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF Val66Met, is associated with risk for major depression alongside impairments in memory and selective attention. This study aims to identify the mediating neural mechanisms in links between BDNF and depression using highly heritable electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. In 305 healthy subjects, BDNF Val66Met genotypes were compared in terms of trait depression, neural function (EEG during a resting state) and cognitive performance. The ...
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1984
Two pregnancies of a patient with the mitis type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) were followe... more Two pregnancies of a patient with the mitis type of the Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) were followed up. The first pregnancy ended at 26 weeks. The second one proceeded to term, but the infant had a low birth weight and the placenta showed dysmaturity. In view of these pregnancies, the authors consider the vaginal route as an alternative to caesarean section for delivery of patients with the mitis type of EDS. In connection with both deliveries, serum zinc and copper levels were determined with the method of particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE); the concentrations of both trace elements were low. The ceruloplasmin levels, on the other hand, were within the normal range. The relevance of these findings is discussed.
Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, 1984
Twenty uncomplicated pregnancies, 10 parturients with mild and 10 parturients with severe pre-ecl... more Twenty uncomplicated pregnancies, 10 parturients with mild and 10 parturients with severe pre-eclampsia, all with uncomplicated deliveries, were studied. Maternal and umbilical cord serum were checked for copper and zinc by the proton-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) method; maternal serum protein, hemoglobin and estriol were determined as well. Maternal zinc and copper values were lower, whereas the umbilical cord serum copper level was higher in the group with severe pre-eclampsia as compared with the controls. Maternal zinc was also lower in mild pre-eclampsia than in the controls. The possible causes of these changes are discussed in view of the hormonal, metabolic and enzymatic changes in pre-eclampsia.
BackgroundGrowing evidence has shown that obesity is associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes... more BackgroundGrowing evidence has shown that obesity is associated with poor neurocognitive outcomes. Bariatric surgery has been shown to be an effective intervention for morbid obesity and can result in improvement of many co-morbid medical conditions that are associated with cognitive dysfunction. The effects of bariatric surgery on cognition are unknown.
Cerebral metabolite disturbances occur among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people, ... more Cerebral metabolite disturbances occur among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected people, and are thought to reflect neuropathology, including proinflammatory processes, and neuronal loss. HIV-associated cortical atrophy continues to occur, though its basis is not well understood, and the relationship of cerebral metabolic disturbance to structural brain abnormalities in HIV has not been well delineated. We hypothesized that metabolite disturbances would be
We present new quantitative diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) tractography-based metrics for assessi... more We present new quantitative diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) tractography-based metrics for assessing cerebral white matter integrity. These metrics extend prior work in this area. Tractography models of cerebral white matter were produced from each subject's DTI data. The models are a set of curves (eg,���streamtubes���) derived from DTI data that represent the underlying topography of the cerebral white matter. Nine metrics were calculated in whole brain tractography models and in three ���tracts-of-interest���(TOI): transcallosal fibers, ...
In July 2009, the Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS at the National Institute of Mental H... more In July 2009, the Center for Mental Health Research on AIDS at the National Institute of Mental Health organized and supported the meeting “NeuroAIDS in Africa.” This meeting was held in Cape Town, South Africa, and was affiliated with the 5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention. Presentations began with an overview of the epidemiology of HIV in
Uploads
Papers