This paper draws on recent and on-going research on the fiscal impact of marginal cost pricing – ... more This paper draws on recent and on-going research on the fiscal impact of marginal cost pricing – in particular, Revenues from Efficient Pricing, and the current ECMT-EC project building on the Revenues study – to show that the full application of marginal cost pricing across all ...
Estimating earthquake-induced response, both in elastic and post-elastic range, with adequate pre... more Estimating earthquake-induced response, both in elastic and post-elastic range, with adequate precision is a major challenge to performance-based seismic design. A simple effective method known as pushover analysis amenable to be exercised in routine design is gaining ...
International Journal of Non-linear Mechanics, 2010
Relying on the ductile behaviour of structures during earthquake, building codes introduce respon... more Relying on the ductile behaviour of structures during earthquake, building codes introduce response reduction factors (R) to reduce design forces in earthquake resistant design. However, applicability of such factors has not been systematically explored for low-rise buildings with stiff periods. Present study is an attempt to address this issue. Both elasto-plastic and degrading hysteresis behaviour for lateral load-resisting structural elements are considered herein, while sub-soil is idealized as linear and elasto-plastic in parallel. The study recognizes that inelastic response for short period systems is very sensitive to R and may be phenomenally amplified even for small R due to soil–structure interaction implying restrictive applicability of dual-design philosophy. Limited study on the plan-asymmetric low-rise buildings depicts that inelastic response of the asymmetric structure relative to its symmetric counterpart is not appreciably influenced due to soil–structure interaction (SSI). The study also confirms that equivalent single story model characterized by the lowest period rather than the fundamental one of the real system tends to yield conservative estimation of inelastic demand at least for the short-period systems.
Extreme seismic vulnerability of bidirectionally eccentric structural systems such as street corn... more Extreme seismic vulnerability of bidirectionally eccentric structural systems such as street corner buildings has been demonstrated repeatedly during past severe earthquakes. Inelastic range response of such structural systems may vary considerably depending upon the sense of ...
To obtain the stress distribution within a shallow foundation, a distributed spring approach is p... more To obtain the stress distribution within a shallow foundation, a distributed spring approach is proposed to represent soil behavior. Relevant analytical formulations for grid and raft foundations are derived on the basis of the lumped stiffness coefficients developed by Gazetas and ...
Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 2006
... 8% is observed for frames on very soft soil. Hence, these curves can be effectively used for ... more ... 8% is observed for frames on very soft soil. Hence, these curves can be effectively used for estimating the design base shear of irregular buildings with incorporation of the effect of soil-structure interaction. Page 7. 347 JAABE vol.5 no.2 November 2006 Sekhar Chandra Dutta ...
Structures may experience degradation in strength in the event of strong seismic shaking. A ratio... more Structures may experience degradation in strength in the event of strong seismic shaking. A rational estimation of the reserve strength of the structures is often desired in the process of retrofitting or strengthening the same. To achieve this end, the present paper confirms the suitability of an existing hysteresis model in reproducing experimental load–displacement characteristics for reinforced concrete (R/C) structural members. Attempt has also been made for rational and realistic estimation of the degradation parameter required for the model in absence of any case-specific calibrated value. Subsequently, post-earthquake behaviour of the low-rise symmetric structures is assessed with and without accounting for the effect of soil–structure interaction. Such response for low-rise multistorey systems with regular asymmetry has also been investigated in the sample form. To develop insight into the behaviour of asymmetric (uni-directional and bi-directional) systems, detailed investigation has been made on idealized single-storey asymmetric systems under simulated and real ground motions with different phase difference or time lag variation. This suggests a serious implication of occurrence of peaks of the ground motions on the seismic performance of bi-directionally eccentric structures and indicates a relatively higher torsional vulnerability of bi-directionally eccentric system compared to equivalent uni-directional counterpart. The results along with the endeavour toward measuring the ductility capacity for R/C structural members based on the systematic observation and interpretation of the available experimental results, made in the paper, may prove useful in evaluating the seismic safety of low-rise R/C structures.
This paper draws on recent and on-going research on the fiscal impact of marginal cost pricing – ... more This paper draws on recent and on-going research on the fiscal impact of marginal cost pricing – in particular, Revenues from Efficient Pricing, and the current ECMT-EC project building on the Revenues study – to show that the full application of marginal cost pricing across all ...
Estimating earthquake-induced response, both in elastic and post-elastic range, with adequate pre... more Estimating earthquake-induced response, both in elastic and post-elastic range, with adequate precision is a major challenge to performance-based seismic design. A simple effective method known as pushover analysis amenable to be exercised in routine design is gaining ...
International Journal of Non-linear Mechanics, 2010
Relying on the ductile behaviour of structures during earthquake, building codes introduce respon... more Relying on the ductile behaviour of structures during earthquake, building codes introduce response reduction factors (R) to reduce design forces in earthquake resistant design. However, applicability of such factors has not been systematically explored for low-rise buildings with stiff periods. Present study is an attempt to address this issue. Both elasto-plastic and degrading hysteresis behaviour for lateral load-resisting structural elements are considered herein, while sub-soil is idealized as linear and elasto-plastic in parallel. The study recognizes that inelastic response for short period systems is very sensitive to R and may be phenomenally amplified even for small R due to soil–structure interaction implying restrictive applicability of dual-design philosophy. Limited study on the plan-asymmetric low-rise buildings depicts that inelastic response of the asymmetric structure relative to its symmetric counterpart is not appreciably influenced due to soil–structure interaction (SSI). The study also confirms that equivalent single story model characterized by the lowest period rather than the fundamental one of the real system tends to yield conservative estimation of inelastic demand at least for the short-period systems.
Extreme seismic vulnerability of bidirectionally eccentric structural systems such as street corn... more Extreme seismic vulnerability of bidirectionally eccentric structural systems such as street corner buildings has been demonstrated repeatedly during past severe earthquakes. Inelastic range response of such structural systems may vary considerably depending upon the sense of ...
To obtain the stress distribution within a shallow foundation, a distributed spring approach is p... more To obtain the stress distribution within a shallow foundation, a distributed spring approach is proposed to represent soil behavior. Relevant analytical formulations for grid and raft foundations are derived on the basis of the lumped stiffness coefficients developed by Gazetas and ...
Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 2006
... 8% is observed for frames on very soft soil. Hence, these curves can be effectively used for ... more ... 8% is observed for frames on very soft soil. Hence, these curves can be effectively used for estimating the design base shear of irregular buildings with incorporation of the effect of soil-structure interaction. Page 7. 347 JAABE vol.5 no.2 November 2006 Sekhar Chandra Dutta ...
Structures may experience degradation in strength in the event of strong seismic shaking. A ratio... more Structures may experience degradation in strength in the event of strong seismic shaking. A rational estimation of the reserve strength of the structures is often desired in the process of retrofitting or strengthening the same. To achieve this end, the present paper confirms the suitability of an existing hysteresis model in reproducing experimental load–displacement characteristics for reinforced concrete (R/C) structural members. Attempt has also been made for rational and realistic estimation of the degradation parameter required for the model in absence of any case-specific calibrated value. Subsequently, post-earthquake behaviour of the low-rise symmetric structures is assessed with and without accounting for the effect of soil–structure interaction. Such response for low-rise multistorey systems with regular asymmetry has also been investigated in the sample form. To develop insight into the behaviour of asymmetric (uni-directional and bi-directional) systems, detailed investigation has been made on idealized single-storey asymmetric systems under simulated and real ground motions with different phase difference or time lag variation. This suggests a serious implication of occurrence of peaks of the ground motions on the seismic performance of bi-directionally eccentric structures and indicates a relatively higher torsional vulnerability of bi-directionally eccentric system compared to equivalent uni-directional counterpart. The results along with the endeavour toward measuring the ductility capacity for R/C structural members based on the systematic observation and interpretation of the available experimental results, made in the paper, may prove useful in evaluating the seismic safety of low-rise R/C structures.
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