Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health 12(6), 2002 ... Expectativa de vida ao nascer e mo... more Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health 12(6), 2002 ... Expectativa de vida ao nascer e mortalidade ... Elisabeth Carmen Duarte,1,2,3 Maria Cristina Schneider,2 Rômulo Paes-Sousa,1,4 Jarbas Barbosa da Silva1 e Carlos Castillo-Salgado2
Introduction Governmental measures aiming at social protection, with components of disease contro... more Introduction Governmental measures aiming at social protection, with components of disease control, have potential positive impacts in the nutritional and health outcomes of the beneficiaries. The concomitant presence of these measures with environmental sanitation interventions may increase their positive effect. The context of simultaneous improvement of social protection and environmental sanitation is found in Brazil since 2007 and an assessment of the combined effects of both programs has not been performed so far. Objective To evaluate whether interaction effects between improvement of access to water, sanitation and solid waste collection with the Bolsa Família Program [PBF] were related to better responses in the reduction of morbidity due to diarrhea and malnutrition in children less than five years of age, acknowledging the positive results of these improved conditions and the PBF separately in coping with these diseases. Methods Descriptive and inferential analyses were p...
Conjuguer les transferts conditionnels en especes et les soins de sante primaire afin de reduire ... more Conjuguer les transferts conditionnels en especes et les soins de sante primaire afin de reduire la mortalite infantile au Bresil
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led almost the entire planet to a health and humanitarian cris... more In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led almost the entire planet to a health and humanitarian crisis, testing the human species in several dimensions. The question that arises over so many doubts is: is it an inevitable phenomenon in view of the relationship that humans maintain with the diverse ecosystems and other animal and plant species? Or in a simplified approach, the episodic - but recurring - outcome of the way goods and services are produced and consumed in the world? The pandemic magnifies the tearing tensions of the social organization of our time: globalized in economic exchanges, but weakened as a global political project, digitally interconnected but impregnated with disinformation, on the verge of environmental collapse, but dominantly unsustainable, lacking political ideals, but so averse to politics and common projects. The pandemic puts us in front of the mirror, which reveals a world that has been through many crises and is in need of changes.
Brazilian social protection programmes have had consistent effects in reducing poverty and inequa... more Brazilian social protection programmes have had consistent effects in reducing poverty and inequality among their respective vulnerable groups: children, adolescents and pregnant and lactating women. In 2011, President-elect Rousseff launched Plano Brasil Sem Miseria (PBSM ? Brazil without Extreme Poverty), a strategy to eradicate extreme poverty by 2014, targeting 15 million extremely poor Brazilians. (?)
No periodo recente, o Brasil tem se destacado como redutor da pobreza e das desigualdades socioec... more No periodo recente, o Brasil tem se destacado como redutor da pobreza e das desigualdades socioeconomicas entre seus cidadaos. Sao notorios os avancos referentes a uma acao combinada de crescimento economico e inclusao social. Evidencias produzidas em estudos independentes indicam que as politicas de protecao social tem contribuido para o desenvolvimento deste modelo. (?)
Combinacion de las Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas y de la Atencion Primaria de Salud par... more Combinacion de las Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas y de la Atencion Primaria de Salud para Reducir la Mortalidad Infantil en Brasil
This article studied the judicialization processes related to the pandemic of the new coronavirus... more This article studied the judicialization processes related to the pandemic of the new coronavirus, within the scope of Administrative Law. The cases that reached the Supreme Federal Court (STF), available at the COVID-19 Action Panel, were analyzed, as well as a sample of the cases that reached the state courts, obtained through journalistic reports, consolidated at the Portal Consultor Juridico. Descriptive and content analysis techniques were used, in the thematic mode, for both sources of information. The following variables were analyzed: group of procedural classes, procedural classes, main subject, date of assessment, time until the first decision, decisions, group of decisions and total of processes downloaded by remote means. Approximately 34% of the actions referred to the easing or tightening of restrictive measures for the circulation of the population and the opening of trade and services, and another 34% to budgetary issues, mainly dealing with the suspension of state d...
Background This study aims to assess the interactive effects of Brazilian public interventions, e... more Background This study aims to assess the interactive effects of Brazilian public interventions, environmental health programs (access to water, sanitation and solid waste collection) and a Conditional Cash Transfer Program (PBF), on the mortality reduction due to diarrhea and malnutrition among children under 5 years old. Methods The study design is ecological, with longitudinal analysis in a balanced panel. The period covered is 2006 to 2016, including 3467 municipalities from all regions of the country, which resulted in 38,137 observations. The generalized linear models were adjusted considering the Negative Binomial (NB) distribution for the number of deaths due to malnutrition and diarrhea, with fixed effects. NB models with and without zero-inflation were assessed. Subsequent interaction models were applied to assess the combined effects of the two public policies. Results In relation to the decline of mortality rates due to diarrhea in the municipalities, positive effect modi...
As estrategias adotadas para reduzir a mortalidade infantil em paises em desenvolvimento sao, ger... more As estrategias adotadas para reduzir a mortalidade infantil em paises em desenvolvimento sao, geralmente, focadas em intervencoes que abordam as causas biologicas, sem considerar seus principais determinantes subjacentes. Os Programas de Transferencias Condicionadas (PTCs) sao intervencoes de reducao da pobreza que transferem dinheiro para as familias pobres, com a exigencia de que os pais cumpram condicoes especificas voltadas para a melhoria da saude e educacao de seus filhos, comumente chamadas de condicionalidades.
Objetivo: impacto da judicialização da saúde em diversas partes do mundo aponta para uma encruzil... more Objetivo: impacto da judicialização da saúde em diversas partes do mundo aponta para uma encruzilhada entre diversas formas de lidar com o fenômeno, em razão disso, o objetivo é contribuir para esse debate a partir de um panorama da judicialização no Brasil e um comparativo com experiências de outros países. Metodologia: tratou-se de revisão narrativa sobre o tema da judicialização da saúde em perspectiva comparada. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: contextualização da judicialização da saúde no cenário internacional, utilizando método comparativo na perspectiva do Direito Comparado, e a revisão narrativa sobre a judicialização da saúde no Brasil. Foram utilizados 46 trabalhos: 19 internacionais e 27 brasileiros. Resultados: duas abordagens diferentes para a judicialização da saúde se destacam nos estudos comparativos: a latino-americana e a sul-africana. Na primeira, o fenômeno apresenta maior magnitude com as decisões privilegiando o mínimo existencial, é especialmente compl...
We analyzed the social isolation relaxation strategies adopted by the twelve biggest Brazilian ci... more We analyzed the social isolation relaxation strategies adopted by the twelve biggest Brazilian cities in 2020, in relation to the number of cases, number of deaths and the effective reproduction number (Rt), which are internationally considered the fundamental epidemiological criteria for allowing wider population mobility in public spaces. The Brazilian central government has not set unique guidelines neither for closure nor for opening, and states and cities have taken the lead in strategy definition. Until July 31 2020, in Belém do Pará, Fortaleza, Manaus, Recife and Rio de Janeiro, where the epidemic peak had already been surpassed, and in Salvador and São Paulo, in which the peak seemed to be already reached, the Rt curve followed a decreasing path after the openings. Porto Alegre, a city in which the epidemic curve was flattened, had an increase in Rt after the start of relaxation. In Belo Horizonte, Brasília, Curitiba and Goiânia, where the curve was also flattened, the Rt re...
Abstract The extended scope and complexity of the United Nations 2030 agenda entail important cha... more Abstract The extended scope and complexity of the United Nations 2030 agenda entail important challenges for the operationalization of the health-related sustainable development goal (SDG) indicators. Divergences in concepts, agendas and implementation strategies among institutions have fostered the parallel development of alternative and concurrent indicators. We aim to determine the convergences and divergences between five key institutions: the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), the Pan American Health Organization, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network, the World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO). Of the 104 health-related indicators listed by these five institutions, 60 are consistent with official Inter-agency and Expert Group SDG indicators. Our analysis considers the indicators included, and the themes these indicators cover, in each institution list and each institution online platform. We quantified convergence in indicators between the institutions themselves, but also between the institutions and the official Inter-agency and Expert Group. Our results indicate important divergences; only 22 of the 60 indicators are included in the lists of all five institutions. The level of adoption of the official metrics varies from 40.5% (15/(47−10)) for the GBD to 86.2% (25/(29−0)) for the World Bank. WHO, the official curator of the Inter-agency and Expert Group SDG indicators, is only convergent with the official metrics by 72.1% (31/(45−2)). Our analysis, and the resulting awareness of the differences, potentialities and limitations of indicators and platforms, provides important contributions to enable the achievement of the health-related SDGs and deliver the promise of the 2030 agenda.
Fatores como tempo de resposta, suficiência, coerência e coordenação são essenciais para o sucess... more Fatores como tempo de resposta, suficiência, coerência e coordenação são essenciais para o sucesso de políticas de proteção social. O presente estudo, de natureza exploratória, procurou avaliar o conteúdo e o tempo de resposta das principais políticas emergenciais de proteção social editadas pelo governo federal do Brasil e de outras cinco economias da América Latina: Argentina, Chile, Colômbia, México e Peru; como resposta à dupla crise – sanitária e socioeconômica – causada pela COVID-19. Chile e Argentina, países onde a resposta foi mais ágil e coordenada, são aqueles com maior sucesso no controle da pandemia. O Brasil, apesar do grande número de medidas sanitárias e gastos anunciados na proteção social, divide com o México, país que mais atrasou sua resposta, as piores trajetórias de contágio e mortalidade pela doença até o presente. Os resultados sugerem que a agilidade na edição das medidas emergenciais de proteção social foi essencial para proteger populações vulneráveis na ...
Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health 12(6), 2002 ... Expectativa de vida ao nascer e mo... more Rev Panam Salud Publica/Pan Am J Public Health 12(6), 2002 ... Expectativa de vida ao nascer e mortalidade ... Elisabeth Carmen Duarte,1,2,3 Maria Cristina Schneider,2 Rômulo Paes-Sousa,1,4 Jarbas Barbosa da Silva1 e Carlos Castillo-Salgado2
Introduction Governmental measures aiming at social protection, with components of disease contro... more Introduction Governmental measures aiming at social protection, with components of disease control, have potential positive impacts in the nutritional and health outcomes of the beneficiaries. The concomitant presence of these measures with environmental sanitation interventions may increase their positive effect. The context of simultaneous improvement of social protection and environmental sanitation is found in Brazil since 2007 and an assessment of the combined effects of both programs has not been performed so far. Objective To evaluate whether interaction effects between improvement of access to water, sanitation and solid waste collection with the Bolsa Família Program [PBF] were related to better responses in the reduction of morbidity due to diarrhea and malnutrition in children less than five years of age, acknowledging the positive results of these improved conditions and the PBF separately in coping with these diseases. Methods Descriptive and inferential analyses were p...
Conjuguer les transferts conditionnels en especes et les soins de sante primaire afin de reduire ... more Conjuguer les transferts conditionnels en especes et les soins de sante primaire afin de reduire la mortalite infantile au Bresil
In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led almost the entire planet to a health and humanitarian cris... more In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has led almost the entire planet to a health and humanitarian crisis, testing the human species in several dimensions. The question that arises over so many doubts is: is it an inevitable phenomenon in view of the relationship that humans maintain with the diverse ecosystems and other animal and plant species? Or in a simplified approach, the episodic - but recurring - outcome of the way goods and services are produced and consumed in the world? The pandemic magnifies the tearing tensions of the social organization of our time: globalized in economic exchanges, but weakened as a global political project, digitally interconnected but impregnated with disinformation, on the verge of environmental collapse, but dominantly unsustainable, lacking political ideals, but so averse to politics and common projects. The pandemic puts us in front of the mirror, which reveals a world that has been through many crises and is in need of changes.
Brazilian social protection programmes have had consistent effects in reducing poverty and inequa... more Brazilian social protection programmes have had consistent effects in reducing poverty and inequality among their respective vulnerable groups: children, adolescents and pregnant and lactating women. In 2011, President-elect Rousseff launched Plano Brasil Sem Miseria (PBSM ? Brazil without Extreme Poverty), a strategy to eradicate extreme poverty by 2014, targeting 15 million extremely poor Brazilians. (?)
No periodo recente, o Brasil tem se destacado como redutor da pobreza e das desigualdades socioec... more No periodo recente, o Brasil tem se destacado como redutor da pobreza e das desigualdades socioeconomicas entre seus cidadaos. Sao notorios os avancos referentes a uma acao combinada de crescimento economico e inclusao social. Evidencias produzidas em estudos independentes indicam que as politicas de protecao social tem contribuido para o desenvolvimento deste modelo. (?)
Combinacion de las Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas y de la Atencion Primaria de Salud par... more Combinacion de las Transferencias Monetarias Condicionadas y de la Atencion Primaria de Salud para Reducir la Mortalidad Infantil en Brasil
This article studied the judicialization processes related to the pandemic of the new coronavirus... more This article studied the judicialization processes related to the pandemic of the new coronavirus, within the scope of Administrative Law. The cases that reached the Supreme Federal Court (STF), available at the COVID-19 Action Panel, were analyzed, as well as a sample of the cases that reached the state courts, obtained through journalistic reports, consolidated at the Portal Consultor Juridico. Descriptive and content analysis techniques were used, in the thematic mode, for both sources of information. The following variables were analyzed: group of procedural classes, procedural classes, main subject, date of assessment, time until the first decision, decisions, group of decisions and total of processes downloaded by remote means. Approximately 34% of the actions referred to the easing or tightening of restrictive measures for the circulation of the population and the opening of trade and services, and another 34% to budgetary issues, mainly dealing with the suspension of state d...
Background This study aims to assess the interactive effects of Brazilian public interventions, e... more Background This study aims to assess the interactive effects of Brazilian public interventions, environmental health programs (access to water, sanitation and solid waste collection) and a Conditional Cash Transfer Program (PBF), on the mortality reduction due to diarrhea and malnutrition among children under 5 years old. Methods The study design is ecological, with longitudinal analysis in a balanced panel. The period covered is 2006 to 2016, including 3467 municipalities from all regions of the country, which resulted in 38,137 observations. The generalized linear models were adjusted considering the Negative Binomial (NB) distribution for the number of deaths due to malnutrition and diarrhea, with fixed effects. NB models with and without zero-inflation were assessed. Subsequent interaction models were applied to assess the combined effects of the two public policies. Results In relation to the decline of mortality rates due to diarrhea in the municipalities, positive effect modi...
As estrategias adotadas para reduzir a mortalidade infantil em paises em desenvolvimento sao, ger... more As estrategias adotadas para reduzir a mortalidade infantil em paises em desenvolvimento sao, geralmente, focadas em intervencoes que abordam as causas biologicas, sem considerar seus principais determinantes subjacentes. Os Programas de Transferencias Condicionadas (PTCs) sao intervencoes de reducao da pobreza que transferem dinheiro para as familias pobres, com a exigencia de que os pais cumpram condicoes especificas voltadas para a melhoria da saude e educacao de seus filhos, comumente chamadas de condicionalidades.
Objetivo: impacto da judicialização da saúde em diversas partes do mundo aponta para uma encruzil... more Objetivo: impacto da judicialização da saúde em diversas partes do mundo aponta para uma encruzilhada entre diversas formas de lidar com o fenômeno, em razão disso, o objetivo é contribuir para esse debate a partir de um panorama da judicialização no Brasil e um comparativo com experiências de outros países. Metodologia: tratou-se de revisão narrativa sobre o tema da judicialização da saúde em perspectiva comparada. A pesquisa foi dividida em duas etapas: contextualização da judicialização da saúde no cenário internacional, utilizando método comparativo na perspectiva do Direito Comparado, e a revisão narrativa sobre a judicialização da saúde no Brasil. Foram utilizados 46 trabalhos: 19 internacionais e 27 brasileiros. Resultados: duas abordagens diferentes para a judicialização da saúde se destacam nos estudos comparativos: a latino-americana e a sul-africana. Na primeira, o fenômeno apresenta maior magnitude com as decisões privilegiando o mínimo existencial, é especialmente compl...
We analyzed the social isolation relaxation strategies adopted by the twelve biggest Brazilian ci... more We analyzed the social isolation relaxation strategies adopted by the twelve biggest Brazilian cities in 2020, in relation to the number of cases, number of deaths and the effective reproduction number (Rt), which are internationally considered the fundamental epidemiological criteria for allowing wider population mobility in public spaces. The Brazilian central government has not set unique guidelines neither for closure nor for opening, and states and cities have taken the lead in strategy definition. Until July 31 2020, in Belém do Pará, Fortaleza, Manaus, Recife and Rio de Janeiro, where the epidemic peak had already been surpassed, and in Salvador and São Paulo, in which the peak seemed to be already reached, the Rt curve followed a decreasing path after the openings. Porto Alegre, a city in which the epidemic curve was flattened, had an increase in Rt after the start of relaxation. In Belo Horizonte, Brasília, Curitiba and Goiânia, where the curve was also flattened, the Rt re...
Abstract The extended scope and complexity of the United Nations 2030 agenda entail important cha... more Abstract The extended scope and complexity of the United Nations 2030 agenda entail important challenges for the operationalization of the health-related sustainable development goal (SDG) indicators. Divergences in concepts, agendas and implementation strategies among institutions have fostered the parallel development of alternative and concurrent indicators. We aim to determine the convergences and divergences between five key institutions: the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD), the Pan American Health Organization, the Sustainable Development Solutions Network, the World Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO). Of the 104 health-related indicators listed by these five institutions, 60 are consistent with official Inter-agency and Expert Group SDG indicators. Our analysis considers the indicators included, and the themes these indicators cover, in each institution list and each institution online platform. We quantified convergence in indicators between the institutions themselves, but also between the institutions and the official Inter-agency and Expert Group. Our results indicate important divergences; only 22 of the 60 indicators are included in the lists of all five institutions. The level of adoption of the official metrics varies from 40.5% (15/(47−10)) for the GBD to 86.2% (25/(29−0)) for the World Bank. WHO, the official curator of the Inter-agency and Expert Group SDG indicators, is only convergent with the official metrics by 72.1% (31/(45−2)). Our analysis, and the resulting awareness of the differences, potentialities and limitations of indicators and platforms, provides important contributions to enable the achievement of the health-related SDGs and deliver the promise of the 2030 agenda.
Fatores como tempo de resposta, suficiência, coerência e coordenação são essenciais para o sucess... more Fatores como tempo de resposta, suficiência, coerência e coordenação são essenciais para o sucesso de políticas de proteção social. O presente estudo, de natureza exploratória, procurou avaliar o conteúdo e o tempo de resposta das principais políticas emergenciais de proteção social editadas pelo governo federal do Brasil e de outras cinco economias da América Latina: Argentina, Chile, Colômbia, México e Peru; como resposta à dupla crise – sanitária e socioeconômica – causada pela COVID-19. Chile e Argentina, países onde a resposta foi mais ágil e coordenada, são aqueles com maior sucesso no controle da pandemia. O Brasil, apesar do grande número de medidas sanitárias e gastos anunciados na proteção social, divide com o México, país que mais atrasou sua resposta, as piores trajetórias de contágio e mortalidade pela doença até o presente. Os resultados sugerem que a agilidade na edição das medidas emergenciais de proteção social foi essencial para proteger populações vulneráveis na ...
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