Papers by Muhammad Saqlain
2019 Asia Communications and Photonics Conference (ACP), 2019
A THz photonic wireless communication system with a record transmission of 100.8 Gbit/s over 26.8... more A THz photonic wireless communication system with a record transmission of 100.8 Gbit/s over 26.8 m distance operating at 350 GHz is experimentally demonstrated without any THz amplifications. The probabilistic shaped 16-QAM-OFDM and advanced nonlinear digital signal processing routine are employed.
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Applied optics, 2020
A simulation-based method to predict the multiwavelengths in a fiber Brillouin cavity is proposed... more A simulation-based method to predict the multiwavelengths in a fiber Brillouin cavity is proposed. The coupled steady-state equation is solved by describing the multiwavelength in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction of the fiber Brillouin cavity. By applying the guessed constants solution as the boundary condition at the output, the partial differential equation is solved with the initial guess value to find the approximate solution. The algorithm is based on the finite element method, and it has proven to be somewhat fast and accurate. Furthermore, a quantitative study is performed on the basis of the proposed algorithm. This work presents a practical option to gain experimental instructions to describe the multiwavelength fiber Brillouin cavity, for which we believe no efficient algorithm currently exists.
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Neutrosophic Sets and Systems, 2020
Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is concerned about coordinating as well as looking after se... more Multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) is concerned about coordinating as well as looking after selection as well as planning problems which included multi-criteria. The neutrosophic soft set cannot handle the environment which involved more than one attribute. To overcome those hurdles neutrosophic hypersoft set (NHSS) is defined. In this paper, we proposed the generalized aggregate operators on NHSSsuch as extended union, extended intersection, OR-operation, AND-operation, etc.withtheir properties. Finally, the necessity and possibility operations on NHSS with suitable examples and properties are presented in the following research
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Value in health regional issues, 2021
OBJECTIVES Quality of life is an important patient-reported outcome in the care of older patients... more OBJECTIVES Quality of life is an important patient-reported outcome in the care of older patients with chronic diseases owing to aging-associated limited physical activity and poor health status. The current study aimed to evaluate health-related quality of life and its predictors among elderly cardiac outpatients. METHODS A descriptive, nonexperimental, cross-sectional study was carried out from May 2018 to October 2018 in outpatient departments of a tertiary-care hospital. The population under study were patients aged ≥65 years with at least 1 cardiovascular condition. The EQ-5D-3L (Euro QOL) and Barthel index were used to measure the quality of life and performance of activities of daily living, respectively. Linear regression analysis was performed by using SPSS version 21. RESULTS Of a total of 386 patients, 198 patients (51.3%) reported impairment in the mobility domain, and 70.5% (n = 272) of patients indicated impairment in the depression domain. Mann-Whitney tests revealed ...
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The under-consideration article discloses the features of nonlinear mixed convective boundary lay... more The under-consideration article discloses the features of nonlinear mixed convective boundary layer flow of radiative Casson fluid along non-uniform heat source or sink. The generalized Fourier’s and Fick’s laws and thermophoretic effect are taken to analyze the transportation of heat and mass. The stratification and suction/injection effect are also implemented on the boundary of the sheet. The flow modeled equations are converted into system of coupled nonlinear ODEs by adopting similarity variables. These coupled equations are numerically computed with built-in Bvp4c technique. The developing parameters are described graphically via velocity profile, temperature, and concentration distribution. It is worth revealing that the higher values of the Casson fluid parameter and magnetic field parameter retarded the fluid velocity. It is also noticed that strong temperature is achieved for the higher estimation of non-uniform heat source/sink parameter. Further, enhancement is occurred ...
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In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic scheme of generating phase-co... more In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a photonic scheme of generating phase-coded signals in the terahertz (THz) band, based on an optical frequency combs (OFC) and optical heterodyne. In the proposed scheme, the optical modulation is implemented by using a dual-parallel Mach–Zehnder modulator (DPMZM), which is simultaneously driven by a radio frequency and a phase-coding sequence to ensure the stability. In the experiment, a 13-bit Barker-code phase-coded THz signal centered at 357 GHz is successfully generated with a record coding rate of up to 15 Gbit/s, which can potentially enable a range resolution of 1.57 cm. This work, for the first time to our knowledge, reveals the high potential of phase-coded THz signals in high resolution pulse compression radar.
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International Journal of Neutrosophic Science
In this paper, the primarily focus is to extend the concept of Octagonal Neutrosophic Numbers (ON... more In this paper, the primarily focus is to extend the concept of Octagonal Neutrosophic Numbers (ONN) since these numbers provide a wide range of applications while dealing with more fluctuations in the linguistic environment. Firstly, mathematical notions and definitions of Linear, Symmetric and Asymmetric types are proposed. Secondly, α-Cut is defined. Finally, a case study is done by using the TOPSIS technique of MCDM.
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2021 46th International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (IRMMW-THz)
This paper presents an approach to improve the sensing accuracy of an orthogonal frequency divisi... more This paper presents an approach to improve the sensing accuracy of an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform, based on estimation of delay/Doppler leakages in the channel matrix. Both simulation and proof-of-concept experiment are implemented, and the ranging accuracy improvement is validated in a W-band system, making the proposed approach promising in driving the convergence of OFDM-based sensing and communications.
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Neutrosophic Operational Research
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SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine
The current study was aimed at examining the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications... more The current study was aimed at examining the prescribing patterns of antihypertensive medications, dispensing time, generic prescribing, drug-drug interactions and to determining whether or not prescriptions are consistent with the recommendations of the Joint National Committee (JNC-8) guidelines. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three tertiary care hospitals among patients of 30 years and more who visited the outpatient departments (OPDs) from January 2018 to September 2018. Prescription patterns were assessed by reviewing the patient’s prescriptions, who were attending the OPDs of targeted hospitals during the study duration. Drug interactions in prescriptions were checked by using Micromedex® database to detect incompatible drug combinations. A total of 500 prescriptions were collected that met the criteria for inclusion. The sample data consisted of 57% of males with an average age of 54 years. The average time spent by the patients at the dispensing area was barely 1 min, and no proper counselling had provided them how and when to take medicine. One hundred one drug interactions have been identified in prescriptions. The most frequently first line prescribed drug class was found to be calcium channel blockers 27.8%, followed by 26.1% angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, and 16% vasodilators. The trend observed in double combinations was calcium channel blockers + angiotensin receptor blockers (18.6%) followed by vasodilator + Beta-blockers 14.1%, and Beta-blockers + angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor 7.1%. The study findings demonstrated average compliance with the JNC-8 guidelines; none of the drug was prescribed by generic name and had very short dispensing time without counselling; approximately 101 minor and major drug-drug interactions were identified. This multi-factorial phenomenon of average compliance with the guidelines must be addressed in order to ensure the rational and quality use of medicines to improve the quality of life of patients.
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International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries
Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue globally, and type-2 diabetes mellitu... more Background Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue globally, and type-2 diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent form of this disease. Due to multiple factors, most diabetic patients develop functional disabilities including musculoskeletal complications. Objective To determine the frequency of musculoskeletal complications, the relationship between these complications and different potential variables, and the status of pharmacotherapy management to treat these complications among patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus. Materials and Methods It was a cross-sectional study and data was collected through self-administered, face-validated pro forma in the English language in outpatient clinics of two tertiary care hospitals of Multan, Pakistan. Results Total n = 270 type-2 diabetic patients of both genders were assessed for musculoskeletal complications; n = 126 (46.7%) patients had at least one musculoskeletal complication. The most common manifestations were shoulder capsulitis or frozen shoulder (20.7%), flexor tenosynovitis (10.4%), hand stiffness syndrome (10%), and limited joint mobility (9.6%). A statistically significant association was found between frozen shoulder, limited joint mobility, and hand stiffness syndrome with the duration of diabetes ( p value = 0.003, 0.0001), and overall glycemic control ( p value = 0.004, 0.001) respectively. Out of 254 complaints, only 42.9% of complaints were receiving pharmacotherapy management. Main outcome measure: overall prevalence of musculoskeletal complications among patients of type-2 diabetes and level of pharmacotherapy management for them. Conclusion Periarticular region of the joints in the hands and shoulders should be examined whenever diabetic patients present with uncontrolled diabetes, and pharmacotherapy management should be planned for these patients who will improve their quality of life.
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Original Research, 2020
Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a strong impact on students' wellbeing, with ... more Introduction: COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a strong impact on students' wellbeing, with associated uncertainty about the future. We conducted a cross-sectional survey to assess the psychological effects of COVID-19 on the medical education of final year students in Pakistan. Methods: We conducted prospective, cross-sectional survey, as a snapshot, from June 07, 2020 till June 16, 2020, among final year medical and dental students. The 20-questions survey questionnaire was based on rating-scale items to focus on psychological symptoms, institutional preparedness for such crisis and confidence in becoming a future doctor. Descriptive statistics were calculated using Multivariate regression analysis. Results: Majority of participants (n = 1753/2661, 65.9%) were female. Despite timely closure of institutes, delay in the start of the online teaching (beta coefficient 0.08, P-value 0.02) was significantly correlated with the depressive symptoms. A significant percentage of studen...
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International journal of Neutrosophic science (IJNS), 2020
Uncertainty is a big problem in our routine life. Many theories were developed to handle uncertai... more Uncertainty is a big problem in our routine life. Many theories were developed to handle uncertain environments. This paper approaches the concept of neutrosophic soft matrices (NSM) and multiple types of NSM to achieve solutions to a possible problem and provide ideas to tackle other problems relating to uncertainties. Here, NSM has been utilized to demonstrate the performance of different farmers, and further score function has been implemented to solve a possible application of decision making in agriculture. It explains the selection of the best farmer by scientific experts through an algorithm in this paper. The selection based upon the better production of crop and nature, fertilizer, pesticides, etc. are used as attributes, which will contribute to the performance of each farmer. Finally, combining the attributes, which will help us achieve a conclusion to determine the best farmer.
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2012 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Photonics, 2012
ABSTRACT In this paper a novel Mapping Multiplexing Technique (MMT) is demonstrated. Four channel... more ABSTRACT In this paper a novel Mapping Multiplexing Technique (MMT) is demonstrated. Four channels, (4 × 10 Gbit/s) were successfully multiplexed and transmitted over a single wavelength, which can present a possible transmission rate of 40 Gbit/s per wavelength. The performance of MMT system is examined, with comparison to 40 Gbit/s RZ-OOK, NRZ-OOK and 4-ary techniques. This scheme features a receiver sensitivity and chromatic dispersion tolerance of -27.2 dBm and 260 ps/nm, respectively. A comparison with conventional RZ-OOK and NRZ-OOK techniques shows a clear advantage of the proposed MMT system.
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Experiments were conducted in 2013-14 to study the effect of drying temperature and natural prese... more Experiments were conducted in 2013-14 to study the effect of drying temperature and natural preservatives for reducing aflatoxins in dried persimmons. Persimmons were dried using a flat plate solar collector connected to a drying chamber at a temperature range of 40 to 60 o -1 respectively. After drying the samples were studied for aflatoxins. Analysis of variance was done using two factorial completely randomized design. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that both the factors significantly (α<0.01) affect the aflatoxin deposition in dried persimmons. Maximum aflatoxins of 31.7 µg kg−1 was recorded in persimmons treated with Aloe vera and dried under a temperature of 40 o C with B1 and G1 type of aflatoxins while minimum of 7.1 µg kg−1 was recorded in persimmons treated with honey and dried under a temperature of 60 o C with G1 type. It was concluded that increase in temperature of the drying system decreased the contamination by fungus up to 22%. Also the overall performan...
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Intelligent and Fuzzy Techniques in Aviation 4.0, 2021
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International Journal of Neutrosophic Science
To deal with fluctations in decision-making, fuzzy / neutrosophic numbers are used. The problem h... more To deal with fluctations in decision-making, fuzzy / neutrosophic numbers are used. The problem having more fluctuations are difficult to sovle. Thus it is a dire need to define higher order number, also It is a very curious question by researchers all around the world that how octagonal neutrosophic number can be represented and how to be graphed? In this research article, the primarily focused on the representation and graphs of octagonal neutrosophic number. at last, a case study is done using VIKOR method based on octagonal neutrosophic number. These representations will be helpful in multi-criteria decision making problems in the case that there are large number of fluctuations. Finally, concluded the present work with future directions.
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IEEE Photonics Technology Letters
In this letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an ultrahigh resolution terahertz (THz)... more In this letter, we propose and experimentally demonstrate an ultrahigh resolution terahertz (THz) range sensing system by digitally synthesizing multiple-band linear frequency-modulated (LFM) pulses. In the experiment, two-band LFM pulses with 20-GHz bandwidth in the THz band are photonically generated based on frequency-to-time mapping, resulting in a synthetic LFM signal with 40-GHz bandwidth operating within the 315–360 GHz. As a benefit, a range resolution as high as 3.9 mm over more than 2 m is successfully achieved in multi-target ranging. The proposed technology not only releases the requirements for instantaneous bandwidth and sampling rate but also breaks the bandwidth limitation of THz receiver in enabling ultrahigh resolution in the THz region.
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Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks, 2019
The Internet of Things (IoT) is the global network of interrelated physical devices such as senso... more The Internet of Things (IoT) is the global network of interrelated physical devices such as sensors, actuators, smart applications, objects, computing devices, mechanical machines, and people that are becoming an essential part of the internet. In an industrial environment, these devices are the source of data which provide abundant information in manufacturing processes. Nevertheless, the massive, heterogeneous, and time-sensitive nature of the data brings substantial challenges to the real-time collection, processing, and decision making. Therefore, this paper presents a framework of an IoT-based Industrial Data Management System (IDMS) which can manage the huge industrial data, support online monitoring, and control smart manufacturing. The framework contains five basic layers such as physical, network, middleware, database, and application layers to provide a service-oriented architecture for the end users. Experimental results from a smart factory case study demonstrate that th...
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IEEE Transactions on Semiconductor Manufacturing
A wafer map contains a graphical representation of the locations about defect pattern on the semi... more A wafer map contains a graphical representation of the locations about defect pattern on the semiconductor wafer, which can provide useful information for quality engineers. Various defect patterns occur due to increasing wafer sizes and decreasing features sizes, which makes it very complex and unreliable process to identify them. In this paper, we propose a voting ensemble classifier with multi-types features to identify wafer map defect patterns in semiconductor manufacturing. Our research contents can be summarized as follows. First, three distinctive features such as density-, geometry-, and radon-based features were extracted from raw wafer images. Then, we applied four machine learning classifiers, namely logistic regression (LR), random forests (RFs), gradient boosting machine (GBM), and artificial neural network (ANN), and trained them using extracted features of original data set. Then their results were combined with a soft voting ensemble (SVE) technique which assigns higher weights to the classifiers with respect to their prediction accuracy. Consequently, we got performance measures with accuracy, precision, recall, ${F}$ -measure, and AUC score of 95.8616%, 96.9326%, 96.9326%, 96.7124%, and 99.9114%, respectively. These results show that the SVE classifier with proposed multi-types features outperformed regular machine learning-based classifiers for wafer maps defect detection.
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Papers by Muhammad Saqlain