Activities such as being a member of a sports team, learning a musical instrument, or attending a... more Activities such as being a member of a sports team, learning a musical instrument, or attending a local youth group are thought to be enriching life experiences. Apart from their inherent value, it is often claimed that young people can also develop positive tangible outcomes from these experiences of interacting and working with others through organised extra-curricular activities, which could benefit them in later life. Findings from previous research suggest extracurricular activities are important in developing soft (especially social) skills as well as being associated with a range of other positive outcomes (e.g. achievement, attendance at school). We found from our analysis that extracurricular activities - specifically music classes and playing a wide range of sports – are important in predicting intentions to remain in education after compulsory schooling. Regardless of these instrumental outcomes, extra-curricular activities were hugely valuable to young people themselves in ways that are not quantifiable. Extra-curricular activities boost young people’s confidence to interact socially with others; extend their social networks; and provide them with new skills and abilities. Above all, they offer an important space to have fun and relax away from the pressures of school work.
Tel: +256775048575 This paper is a result of my contribution in consultation of World Humanitaria... more Tel: +256775048575 This paper is a result of my contribution in consultation of World Humanitarian Summit (WHS). The thematic topic under discussion was how should we support urban communities to respond to disasters caused by urbanization. My work focused on urbanization and migration (from rural to cities) and accompanied problems related to environmental risks, how migrants adapt to those challenges and expected perspective.
The humanitarian sector has grown dramatically over the last years. The increasing number and var... more The humanitarian sector has grown dramatically over the last years. The increasing number and variety of actors active in this field poses a growing challenge in terms of the institutionalization of local response and the quality of the assistance provided. A lack of coordination can lead to inappropriate and rushed projects as well as unresponsive projects. The majority of local actors have only limited access to international coordination mechanisms.
Innovative and Practical Housing Project submitted at Building and Social Housing Foundation (BSH... more Innovative and Practical Housing Project submitted at Building and Social Housing Foundation (BSHF) for Word Habitat Award (WHA), 2015 Cycle.
Humanitarian system faces grave challenges, as record numbers of people are displaced for longer ... more Humanitarian system faces grave challenges, as record numbers of people are displaced for longer periods by natural disasters and escalating conflicts. At the same time new technologies, partners, and concepts allow humanitarian actors to understand and address problems quickly and effectively. To contend with these growing, and changing, demands, organizations are increasingly exploring the idea of “humanitarian innovation,” which draws upon concepts from the private sector to adapt and improve the humanitarian system. As a sign of its importance, “Humanitarian Assistance through Innovation Promotion” will be the centre point of this intended point o0f discussion of putting people at the centre of humanitarian action.
This project to reach this stage, could not have been possible without anticipatory, intellectual... more This project to reach this stage, could not have been possible without anticipatory, intellectual, professional and visionary input of the staff of Southern Methodist University (SMU), Dallas-Texas, Department of Anthropology, Forced Migration Innovation Project (FMIP). This is an opportunity to express my gratitude to them for their professional effort they invested when valuing the success of my idea. I want to thank the authorities of Nakivale refugee Camp for accepting my request to conduct the survey in the camp. Importantly, I would like to thank all respondents who committed their contribution to this research project by answering questionnaires through interviews. The information they provided contributed a lot in achieving the objectives of this research project.
The COVID-19 pandemic book is a compilation of detailed information on the disease from its outbr... more The COVID-19 pandemic book is a compilation of detailed information on the disease from its outbreak to its vaccination. The book explains the disease in global context and the Uganda context in particular. The writer of the book collected information from different sources and he expects that it will be used for teaching this generation and the generations to come, understand the COVID-19 pandemic in its scientific and historical descriptions. The writer, to make the book easily readable, broke it down into ten chapters. Chapter one deals with epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic. Under this chapter, the writer laid down explanations on the study and analysis of the disease conditions, its determinants, its patterns and its distribution. More clarifications were focused on the name of the disease, its history, its transmission and its pathophysiology. Chapter two highlights is the diagnosis of the COVID-19 pandemic. The focal points under this chapter are the testing of COVID-19, its complications, the pathological findings, its immunity resistance and the management of COVID-19. Chapter three of this COVID-19 pandemic book, concentrates on prevention and treatment of the disease. Prevention described in this chapter involves the use of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). These are hand washing with detergent soap, use of sanitizers, putting on face mask, social distancing, surface cleaning, use of ventilation and eating healthy diet. Chapter four describes key statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic from its outbreak to its vaccination (Late 2019 to March 2021). The author reviewed statistics on global cases, recovery, deaths, vaccinations and their mitigations. In chapter five, the writer explains the COVID-19 pandemic related researches. He detailed the medical treatment research emerged to counter the COVID-10 disease. Also the chapter explained the researches involved in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic. The next chapter (6), was raised to not miss information about responses to COVID-19 pandemic by governments and United Nations. From chapter seven to chapter ten, the author discussed the common global impacts of COVID-19. These are impacts on global economy, impacts on education, impacts on health sector, impacts on arts, entertainment and sports and impacts on social movements in communities. Chapter eleven came up with details on the COVID-19 misinformation. It explains the misinformation about the origin of the disease, misinformation about cases and deaths reports, treatment misinformation and effort to combat misinformation about COVID-19 pandemic. Chapter twelve of the book collected information on protests over responses to COVID-19 pandemic in Africa, Asia, Europe and America. The thirteenth chapter being the last chapter gives details of information about COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda. It gives the timelines of the diseases in Uganda, Public Private Partnership responses to the diseases and socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 in Uganda. The book ends with indices of brief data of COVID-19 15 most affected countries in the world, the graphical presentation of key COVID-19 statistics.
Innovation and entrepreneurship. Africa in dilemma, 2021
This book emphasizes on explaining innovation and entrepreneurship at large and African position ... more This book emphasizes on explaining innovation and entrepreneurship at large and African position is annexed. It identifies the roadblocks for innovators and entrepreneurs and discusses ways for developing an ecosystem for innovators and entrepreneurs to pave a way through the barriers and create ground-breaking products and new technologies which meet consumers’ needs. This book will be of interest to researchers, students, international agencies, governments, businesses and individuals interested in the field of innovation and its potentials. It will also be relevant to investors, manufacturers and other stakeholders involved in the economic development of Africa.
STOCK MARKET AWARENESS AND STOCK MARKET PARTICIPATION BY RETAIL INVESTORS IN KAMPALA, UGANDA, 2019
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of financial literacy on stock market pa... more The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of financial literacy on stock market participation in Uganda. The research problem for this study was the scrutinisation of the low level of stock market participation and its possible causes. The question to be answered was “Why is not the Uganda Stock market growing as fast as it should?” and what should be the role of the awareness of the Uganda Stock Market industry in developing the participation of the industry in Uganda. The study has emphasized on determining the effect of print media awareness, electronic media awareness and social media awareness on stock market participation as the objectives. The study was undertaken with selected respondents drawn from individual stock brokers. Data were collected by means questionnaires. The cross-sectional correlation research design was used in this study. The study has used a number of seventy one (71) respondents from stock brokers. This was done by setting a questionnaire with items that determine the media awareness techniques used by stock markets, and actions taken by them to increase the literacy on stock market participation by retail investors, and questionnaires for which respondents could judge the level of stock market participation. The study adopted description statistics, Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient (PLCC) and multiple regression model in data analysis. Thus, the study established that there is a big gap between the financial literacy and stock market participation in Uganda, as expressed by the low level of public awareness in regard stock markets among Ugandan community, leading to the low level of participation. Therefore, the conclusion can be drawn that the financial literacy is a critical factor to be taken into consideration by the stock market industry in Uganda for its economic development. The study recommends that there is great need to put more efforts in public awareness of stock markets through financial literacy by all concerned individuals and institutions. The study further recommends the intensification of the literacy strategies programmes, accuracy and accountability in all activities involved in stock market participation by all Ugandan community members in their day to day concerns. Being part of the contribution to knowledge, findings and recommendations of this study are potential sources of information for planners, decision makers, researchers in their attempts to contribute to the development of the stock market participation industry in Uganda.
Survey Report on Entrepreneurs at Einstein Rising Uganda, 2022
The overall goal of this research is to collect information on the process of trespassing from in... more The overall goal of this research is to collect information on the process of trespassing from innovation to entrepreneurship. The instrument for this study was ethnographic survey, where respondents to questions were interacted physically on the ground. Respondents were selected from stakeholders in the industry. Considering the time scope, 54 innovators and entrepreneurs were interviewed, 5 public and 5 private entities were visited as population samples. In the process of gathering data, the researcher personally engaged in interactions with respondents in order to gain an insider’s perspective of innovators and share the common understanding of their status of sustainability in industry and their entrepreneurial missions. He started with creating account in the respondent participants, conducted interview with them and took records of their background and artifacts. The approach was suitable for this study since it involved social interactions, expression of their views on how innovators were turned into entrepreneurs and their perceptions on how entrepreneurship is the destination if they want to sustain in innovation industry. Thus, using the approach, rich and holistic insights into innovators’ views and documented records were collected through observations and interviews. During this research internship, ethical tradition was key consideration before, during and after interaction with respondents.
East African Community Pace towards Globalisation, 2015
This book intends to bring the need for observing and evaluating the regional (East African regio... more This book intends to bring the need for observing and evaluating the regional (East African region) response to what has been called internationalization, cosmopolitanism, neoliberalism, or commonly globalisation. The observation here consists of looking at the major achievement that would have been undertaken by east African community towards responding to globalisation. On the other hand, evaluation consists of determining the level at which those achievements performed on the globalisation actual scale. The concept itself makes some confusion to East African region, since it appears to optimists as a positive alternative of up taking the global society welfare and opposite view to pessimists who consider it as the global economic project of elite countries. It could be hard to range the East African region to the either side, and measuring the cost-benefit of the region against globalisation could be hard yet there is no alternative.4 Globalisation, a today academic subject focus, a simple and popular chorus for journalists and politicians, has become a center for business theory and practice. Referring to steps made by East African community, there is an appreciation of the steps accomplished and others in plan. These consist of east African customs union, east African common market, east African court of justice, east African legislative assembly. Besides are plans of east African monetary union, east African passport, east African single tourist visa, and east African political federation. A recent deal today is an invitation of South Sudan to become a new east African community member.5 All these plans and achievements aim at getting advantages of economies of scale. To real mean the economies of scale for East African community implies the weakening of the states sovereignty and policies in relevant global dimensions such as economy, politics, culture, and technology. The scoring of East African community on each of these benchmarking factors, revealed the ones easy and simple to adopt and others to be a product of a long hard process. Forinstance, customs union and market integration had been easy to implement in a planned time, whereas the monetary union and political federation, could take the time beyond the plan and wishes. With a simple analytical reasoning, one may attribute the stats intended interest to the speed that the implementation of a certain subject policy uses. For instance, state members of East African community would expect to gain more from customs union and political federation than from monetary and political federation. Perhaps the pace is commanded by the regional political background and currency power.
Activities such as being a member of a sports team, learning a musical instrument, or attending a... more Activities such as being a member of a sports team, learning a musical instrument, or attending a local youth group are thought to be enriching life experiences. Apart from their inherent value, it is often claimed that young people can also develop positive tangible outcomes from these experiences of interacting and working with others through organised extra-curricular activities, which could benefit them in later life. Findings from previous research suggest extracurricular activities are important in developing soft (especially social) skills as well as being associated with a range of other positive outcomes (e.g. achievement, attendance at school). We found from our analysis that extracurricular activities - specifically music classes and playing a wide range of sports – are important in predicting intentions to remain in education after compulsory schooling. Regardless of these instrumental outcomes, extra-curricular activities were hugely valuable to young people themselves in ways that are not quantifiable. Extra-curricular activities boost young people’s confidence to interact socially with others; extend their social networks; and provide them with new skills and abilities. Above all, they offer an important space to have fun and relax away from the pressures of school work.
Tel: +256775048575 This paper is a result of my contribution in consultation of World Humanitaria... more Tel: +256775048575 This paper is a result of my contribution in consultation of World Humanitarian Summit (WHS). The thematic topic under discussion was how should we support urban communities to respond to disasters caused by urbanization. My work focused on urbanization and migration (from rural to cities) and accompanied problems related to environmental risks, how migrants adapt to those challenges and expected perspective.
The humanitarian sector has grown dramatically over the last years. The increasing number and var... more The humanitarian sector has grown dramatically over the last years. The increasing number and variety of actors active in this field poses a growing challenge in terms of the institutionalization of local response and the quality of the assistance provided. A lack of coordination can lead to inappropriate and rushed projects as well as unresponsive projects. The majority of local actors have only limited access to international coordination mechanisms.
Innovative and Practical Housing Project submitted at Building and Social Housing Foundation (BSH... more Innovative and Practical Housing Project submitted at Building and Social Housing Foundation (BSHF) for Word Habitat Award (WHA), 2015 Cycle.
Humanitarian system faces grave challenges, as record numbers of people are displaced for longer ... more Humanitarian system faces grave challenges, as record numbers of people are displaced for longer periods by natural disasters and escalating conflicts. At the same time new technologies, partners, and concepts allow humanitarian actors to understand and address problems quickly and effectively. To contend with these growing, and changing, demands, organizations are increasingly exploring the idea of “humanitarian innovation,” which draws upon concepts from the private sector to adapt and improve the humanitarian system. As a sign of its importance, “Humanitarian Assistance through Innovation Promotion” will be the centre point of this intended point o0f discussion of putting people at the centre of humanitarian action.
This project to reach this stage, could not have been possible without anticipatory, intellectual... more This project to reach this stage, could not have been possible without anticipatory, intellectual, professional and visionary input of the staff of Southern Methodist University (SMU), Dallas-Texas, Department of Anthropology, Forced Migration Innovation Project (FMIP). This is an opportunity to express my gratitude to them for their professional effort they invested when valuing the success of my idea. I want to thank the authorities of Nakivale refugee Camp for accepting my request to conduct the survey in the camp. Importantly, I would like to thank all respondents who committed their contribution to this research project by answering questionnaires through interviews. The information they provided contributed a lot in achieving the objectives of this research project.
The COVID-19 pandemic book is a compilation of detailed information on the disease from its outbr... more The COVID-19 pandemic book is a compilation of detailed information on the disease from its outbreak to its vaccination. The book explains the disease in global context and the Uganda context in particular. The writer of the book collected information from different sources and he expects that it will be used for teaching this generation and the generations to come, understand the COVID-19 pandemic in its scientific and historical descriptions. The writer, to make the book easily readable, broke it down into ten chapters. Chapter one deals with epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic. Under this chapter, the writer laid down explanations on the study and analysis of the disease conditions, its determinants, its patterns and its distribution. More clarifications were focused on the name of the disease, its history, its transmission and its pathophysiology. Chapter two highlights is the diagnosis of the COVID-19 pandemic. The focal points under this chapter are the testing of COVID-19, its complications, the pathological findings, its immunity resistance and the management of COVID-19. Chapter three of this COVID-19 pandemic book, concentrates on prevention and treatment of the disease. Prevention described in this chapter involves the use of Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs). These are hand washing with detergent soap, use of sanitizers, putting on face mask, social distancing, surface cleaning, use of ventilation and eating healthy diet. Chapter four describes key statistics of the COVID-19 pandemic from its outbreak to its vaccination (Late 2019 to March 2021). The author reviewed statistics on global cases, recovery, deaths, vaccinations and their mitigations. In chapter five, the writer explains the COVID-19 pandemic related researches. He detailed the medical treatment research emerged to counter the COVID-10 disease. Also the chapter explained the researches involved in the fight against COVID-19 pandemic. The next chapter (6), was raised to not miss information about responses to COVID-19 pandemic by governments and United Nations. From chapter seven to chapter ten, the author discussed the common global impacts of COVID-19. These are impacts on global economy, impacts on education, impacts on health sector, impacts on arts, entertainment and sports and impacts on social movements in communities. Chapter eleven came up with details on the COVID-19 misinformation. It explains the misinformation about the origin of the disease, misinformation about cases and deaths reports, treatment misinformation and effort to combat misinformation about COVID-19 pandemic. Chapter twelve of the book collected information on protests over responses to COVID-19 pandemic in Africa, Asia, Europe and America. The thirteenth chapter being the last chapter gives details of information about COVID-19 pandemic in Uganda. It gives the timelines of the diseases in Uganda, Public Private Partnership responses to the diseases and socio-economic impacts of COVID-19 in Uganda. The book ends with indices of brief data of COVID-19 15 most affected countries in the world, the graphical presentation of key COVID-19 statistics.
Innovation and entrepreneurship. Africa in dilemma, 2021
This book emphasizes on explaining innovation and entrepreneurship at large and African position ... more This book emphasizes on explaining innovation and entrepreneurship at large and African position is annexed. It identifies the roadblocks for innovators and entrepreneurs and discusses ways for developing an ecosystem for innovators and entrepreneurs to pave a way through the barriers and create ground-breaking products and new technologies which meet consumers’ needs. This book will be of interest to researchers, students, international agencies, governments, businesses and individuals interested in the field of innovation and its potentials. It will also be relevant to investors, manufacturers and other stakeholders involved in the economic development of Africa.
STOCK MARKET AWARENESS AND STOCK MARKET PARTICIPATION BY RETAIL INVESTORS IN KAMPALA, UGANDA, 2019
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of financial literacy on stock market pa... more The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the effect of financial literacy on stock market participation in Uganda. The research problem for this study was the scrutinisation of the low level of stock market participation and its possible causes. The question to be answered was “Why is not the Uganda Stock market growing as fast as it should?” and what should be the role of the awareness of the Uganda Stock Market industry in developing the participation of the industry in Uganda. The study has emphasized on determining the effect of print media awareness, electronic media awareness and social media awareness on stock market participation as the objectives. The study was undertaken with selected respondents drawn from individual stock brokers. Data were collected by means questionnaires. The cross-sectional correlation research design was used in this study. The study has used a number of seventy one (71) respondents from stock brokers. This was done by setting a questionnaire with items that determine the media awareness techniques used by stock markets, and actions taken by them to increase the literacy on stock market participation by retail investors, and questionnaires for which respondents could judge the level of stock market participation. The study adopted description statistics, Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient (PLCC) and multiple regression model in data analysis. Thus, the study established that there is a big gap between the financial literacy and stock market participation in Uganda, as expressed by the low level of public awareness in regard stock markets among Ugandan community, leading to the low level of participation. Therefore, the conclusion can be drawn that the financial literacy is a critical factor to be taken into consideration by the stock market industry in Uganda for its economic development. The study recommends that there is great need to put more efforts in public awareness of stock markets through financial literacy by all concerned individuals and institutions. The study further recommends the intensification of the literacy strategies programmes, accuracy and accountability in all activities involved in stock market participation by all Ugandan community members in their day to day concerns. Being part of the contribution to knowledge, findings and recommendations of this study are potential sources of information for planners, decision makers, researchers in their attempts to contribute to the development of the stock market participation industry in Uganda.
Survey Report on Entrepreneurs at Einstein Rising Uganda, 2022
The overall goal of this research is to collect information on the process of trespassing from in... more The overall goal of this research is to collect information on the process of trespassing from innovation to entrepreneurship. The instrument for this study was ethnographic survey, where respondents to questions were interacted physically on the ground. Respondents were selected from stakeholders in the industry. Considering the time scope, 54 innovators and entrepreneurs were interviewed, 5 public and 5 private entities were visited as population samples. In the process of gathering data, the researcher personally engaged in interactions with respondents in order to gain an insider’s perspective of innovators and share the common understanding of their status of sustainability in industry and their entrepreneurial missions. He started with creating account in the respondent participants, conducted interview with them and took records of their background and artifacts. The approach was suitable for this study since it involved social interactions, expression of their views on how innovators were turned into entrepreneurs and their perceptions on how entrepreneurship is the destination if they want to sustain in innovation industry. Thus, using the approach, rich and holistic insights into innovators’ views and documented records were collected through observations and interviews. During this research internship, ethical tradition was key consideration before, during and after interaction with respondents.
East African Community Pace towards Globalisation, 2015
This book intends to bring the need for observing and evaluating the regional (East African regio... more This book intends to bring the need for observing and evaluating the regional (East African region) response to what has been called internationalization, cosmopolitanism, neoliberalism, or commonly globalisation. The observation here consists of looking at the major achievement that would have been undertaken by east African community towards responding to globalisation. On the other hand, evaluation consists of determining the level at which those achievements performed on the globalisation actual scale. The concept itself makes some confusion to East African region, since it appears to optimists as a positive alternative of up taking the global society welfare and opposite view to pessimists who consider it as the global economic project of elite countries. It could be hard to range the East African region to the either side, and measuring the cost-benefit of the region against globalisation could be hard yet there is no alternative.4 Globalisation, a today academic subject focus, a simple and popular chorus for journalists and politicians, has become a center for business theory and practice. Referring to steps made by East African community, there is an appreciation of the steps accomplished and others in plan. These consist of east African customs union, east African common market, east African court of justice, east African legislative assembly. Besides are plans of east African monetary union, east African passport, east African single tourist visa, and east African political federation. A recent deal today is an invitation of South Sudan to become a new east African community member.5 All these plans and achievements aim at getting advantages of economies of scale. To real mean the economies of scale for East African community implies the weakening of the states sovereignty and policies in relevant global dimensions such as economy, politics, culture, and technology. The scoring of East African community on each of these benchmarking factors, revealed the ones easy and simple to adopt and others to be a product of a long hard process. Forinstance, customs union and market integration had been easy to implement in a planned time, whereas the monetary union and political federation, could take the time beyond the plan and wishes. With a simple analytical reasoning, one may attribute the stats intended interest to the speed that the implementation of a certain subject policy uses. For instance, state members of East African community would expect to gain more from customs union and political federation than from monetary and political federation. Perhaps the pace is commanded by the regional political background and currency power.
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Findings from previous research suggest extracurricular activities are important in developing soft (especially social) skills as well as being associated with a range of other positive outcomes (e.g. achievement, attendance at school). We found from our analysis that extracurricular activities - specifically music classes and playing a wide range of sports – are important in predicting intentions to remain in education after compulsory schooling. Regardless of these instrumental outcomes, extra-curricular activities were hugely valuable to young people themselves in ways that are not quantifiable. Extra-curricular activities boost young people’s confidence to interact socially with others; extend their social networks; and provide them with new skills and abilities. Above all, they offer an important space to have fun and relax away from the pressures of school work.
This book will be of interest to researchers, students, international agencies, governments, businesses and individuals interested in the field of innovation and its potentials. It will also be relevant to investors, manufacturers and other stakeholders involved in the economic development of Africa.
The approach was suitable for this study since it involved social interactions, expression of their views on how innovators were turned into entrepreneurs and their perceptions on how entrepreneurship is the destination if they want to sustain in innovation industry. Thus, using the approach, rich and holistic insights into innovators’ views and documented records were collected through observations and interviews. During this research internship, ethical tradition was key consideration before, during and after interaction with respondents.
The observation here consists of looking at the major achievement that would have been undertaken by east African community towards responding to globalisation.
On the other hand, evaluation consists of determining the level at which those achievements performed on the globalisation actual scale.
The concept itself makes some confusion to East African region, since it appears to optimists as a positive alternative of up taking the global society welfare and opposite view to pessimists who consider it as the global economic project of elite countries. It could be hard to range the East African region to the either side, and measuring the cost-benefit of the region against globalisation could be hard yet there is no alternative.4 Globalisation, a today academic subject focus, a simple and popular chorus for journalists and politicians, has become a center for business theory and practice.
Referring to steps made by East African community, there is an appreciation of the steps accomplished and others in plan. These consist of east African customs union, east African common market, east African court of justice, east African legislative assembly. Besides are plans of east African monetary union, east African passport, east African single tourist visa, and east African political federation. A recent deal today is an invitation of South Sudan to become a new east African community member.5 All these plans and achievements aim at getting advantages of economies of scale.
To real mean the economies of scale for East African community implies the weakening of the states sovereignty and policies in relevant global dimensions such as economy, politics, culture, and technology.
The scoring of East African community on each of these benchmarking factors, revealed the ones easy and simple to adopt and others to be a product of a long hard process. Forinstance, customs union and market integration had been easy to implement in a planned time, whereas the monetary union and political federation, could take the time beyond the plan and wishes. With a simple analytical reasoning, one may attribute the stats intended interest to the speed that the implementation of a certain subject policy uses. For instance, state members of East African community would expect to gain more from customs union and political federation than from monetary and political federation. Perhaps the pace is commanded by the regional political background and currency power.
Findings from previous research suggest extracurricular activities are important in developing soft (especially social) skills as well as being associated with a range of other positive outcomes (e.g. achievement, attendance at school). We found from our analysis that extracurricular activities - specifically music classes and playing a wide range of sports – are important in predicting intentions to remain in education after compulsory schooling. Regardless of these instrumental outcomes, extra-curricular activities were hugely valuable to young people themselves in ways that are not quantifiable. Extra-curricular activities boost young people’s confidence to interact socially with others; extend their social networks; and provide them with new skills and abilities. Above all, they offer an important space to have fun and relax away from the pressures of school work.
This book will be of interest to researchers, students, international agencies, governments, businesses and individuals interested in the field of innovation and its potentials. It will also be relevant to investors, manufacturers and other stakeholders involved in the economic development of Africa.
The approach was suitable for this study since it involved social interactions, expression of their views on how innovators were turned into entrepreneurs and their perceptions on how entrepreneurship is the destination if they want to sustain in innovation industry. Thus, using the approach, rich and holistic insights into innovators’ views and documented records were collected through observations and interviews. During this research internship, ethical tradition was key consideration before, during and after interaction with respondents.
The observation here consists of looking at the major achievement that would have been undertaken by east African community towards responding to globalisation.
On the other hand, evaluation consists of determining the level at which those achievements performed on the globalisation actual scale.
The concept itself makes some confusion to East African region, since it appears to optimists as a positive alternative of up taking the global society welfare and opposite view to pessimists who consider it as the global economic project of elite countries. It could be hard to range the East African region to the either side, and measuring the cost-benefit of the region against globalisation could be hard yet there is no alternative.4 Globalisation, a today academic subject focus, a simple and popular chorus for journalists and politicians, has become a center for business theory and practice.
Referring to steps made by East African community, there is an appreciation of the steps accomplished and others in plan. These consist of east African customs union, east African common market, east African court of justice, east African legislative assembly. Besides are plans of east African monetary union, east African passport, east African single tourist visa, and east African political federation. A recent deal today is an invitation of South Sudan to become a new east African community member.5 All these plans and achievements aim at getting advantages of economies of scale.
To real mean the economies of scale for East African community implies the weakening of the states sovereignty and policies in relevant global dimensions such as economy, politics, culture, and technology.
The scoring of East African community on each of these benchmarking factors, revealed the ones easy and simple to adopt and others to be a product of a long hard process. Forinstance, customs union and market integration had been easy to implement in a planned time, whereas the monetary union and political federation, could take the time beyond the plan and wishes. With a simple analytical reasoning, one may attribute the stats intended interest to the speed that the implementation of a certain subject policy uses. For instance, state members of East African community would expect to gain more from customs union and political federation than from monetary and political federation. Perhaps the pace is commanded by the regional political background and currency power.