THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
The present study was carried out to detect the circulating Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from va... more The present study was carried out to detect the circulating Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from various field outbreaks in Assam during 2018-2021. Nine hundred ninety-two clinical and post mortem samples were collected from the backyard and commercial poultry and subjected to molecular detection by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). NDV could be detected in 445 (n=757, 58.78%) tissue samples and 53 (n=235, 22.55%) cloacal swabs collected from suspected poultry cases by RT-PCR. The findings of our study suggests that the sample of choice for detection of NDV from tissue samples was trachea (n=85, 92.94%), followed by spleen (n=96, 90.62%), lung (n=92, 86.95%), caecal tonsils (n=96, 77.08%), proventriculus (n=74, 60.81%), brain (n=92, 48.91%), intestines (n=73, 31.50%), kidney (n=52, 23.07%), and cloacal swab (n=235, 22.55%) by RT-PCR. Hence, the collection of specific tissue samples from field outbreaks for the detection of NDV is of paramount importance. In add...
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management
The Indian poultry market is estimated to have an annual growth rate of 8.1% as of today. However... more The Indian poultry market is estimated to have an annual growth rate of 8.1% as of today. However, infectious diseases in poultry pose an important constraint in the growth and development of this sector in our region. Among infectious diseases, viral diseases of poultry pose a serious threat to the poultry industry from an economic point of view. Several viral disease outbreaks have been reported by various researchers from different parts of the country. Among the common viral diseases of poultry, incidences of Newcastle disease, Avian Influenza, Fowl Pox, Infectious Bursal Disease, Marek’s disease, Infectious Bronchitis, Infectious Laryngotracheitis and Inclusion Body Hepatitis are significant in Assam as well as other parts of India. Thorough epidemiological studies followed by the identification of different serotypes, pathotypes, strains, etc. by genotyping and molecular characterization of viral disease pathogens may lead to ways to control and eradicate the diseases. Importa...
A study was conducted covering a total of one hundred chicken farmers in tribal dominated Boko Bl... more A study was conducted covering a total of one hundred chicken farmers in tribal dominated Boko Block of Kamrup district in Assam to assess different productive and reproductive traits of Desi, Vanaraja and Srinidhi birds under field condition. Information was obtained on mean body weight at various ages, age at first egg, annual egg production, fertility and hatchability and mortality rate. Body weight, egg production and egg weight were significantly (P£0.05) higher in Vanaraja and Srinidhi birds compared to Desi chicken. The age at first egg was significantly (P£0.05) higher in Desi chicken while compared with Vanaraja and Srinidhi under traditional system of management. However no significant (P£0.05) difference was found between Vanaraja and Srinidhi in their body weight and egg production at various ages. Higher mortality percent in Vanaraja (12.23±1.62) and Srinidhi (11.34±1.23) were recorded during 0 to 5 week. No significant (P£0.05) differences were found among all three gr...
Azolla pinneta and common duckweed (Lemna minor) were cultured in concrete tanks separately under... more Azolla pinneta and common duckweed (Lemna minor) were cultured in concrete tanks separately under field conditions for 30 days, at the farm of Livestock Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Mandira, Assam. The biomass production, doubling time and relative growth rate of A. pinneta was recorded as 173.33±13.16g, 5.55±2.35days and 0.124±0.35 g/g/d respectively and L. minor was 143±11.95g, 8.15±2.85 days and 0.084±0.28 g/g/d respectively. The values significantly (P<0.05) differed between the two species. The crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre content of L. minor are significantly (P<0.05) lower than A. pinneta whereas, total ash content was significantly (P<0.05) higher. No significant difference has been observed in the case of dry matter content. It can be concluded from the study that, both A. pinneta and L. minor possess good nutritive values and suitable production behaviour in agro climatic conditions of Assam. But, A. pinneta showed a better resu...
A study was conducted to evaluate the social, personal and economical variables of broiler farmer... more A study was conducted to evaluate the social, personal and economical variables of broiler farmers of South Kamrup district of Assam. For this, 60 number of farmers from 6 villages who were exposed to a short-term training programme on scientific management on broiler chicken farming were selected at random. The study revealed that more number of educated youths were interested for broiler farming; whereas, lower financial background (yearly family income of lesser than Rs. 30000.00) played positive role to run the enterprise. Most of the farmers started the venture only recently (1–2 years old) who had been inspired to start farming from their friends. It was found that majority of the farmers carried out general farm operations like feeding, watering etc. without using extra labourer. Overwhelming number of farmers ventured broiler farming by self financing. Various constraints faced by the farmers were evaluated; out of which lack of financial support was found to the most promin...
A study was carried out to evaluate the performance of Chara-Chemballi duck, the indigenous varie... more A study was carried out to evaluate the performance of Chara-Chemballi duck, the indigenous variety of Kerala under the agroclimatic conditions of rural Assam. A total of 560 ducklings from a single hatch were distributed among 56 women beneficiaries (10 ducklings/farmer) of Kamrup and Goalpara districts of Assam. All ducklings were reared under uniform managemental condition. A total of 100 male and 200 female ducklings were selected randomly and wing banded for recording of certain performance traits up to 72 weeks of age. The analyzed data indicated that there was significant (P<0.01) difference in body weight (g) between males and females at 4, 8, 12, 30, 40, 50 and 72 weeks of age, respectively. However, non-significant difference in body weight between sexes was recorded at 20 weeks of age. The average age of flock at first egg was 146.75±14.38 days. The average egg number up to 30, 50 and 72 weeks of age were 46.59±4.56, 116.24±3.57 and 185.56±3.87, respectively. The mean ...
The present clinical study was carried out in Kamrup district of Assam under Tribal Sub Plan (TSP... more The present clinical study was carried out in Kamrup district of Assam under Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Project. Twelve Assam Hill Goats showing clinical signs of rumen acidosis were selected for the trial. The results revealed that the ruminal pH, ruminal motility, odour, colour, consistency of rumen liquor, ruminal microflora and protozoal motility were differed from healthy goats. Haematological parameters showed increased haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total leukocyte counts. Biochemical examination showed increased blood lactic acid level, blood glucose level, total protein, AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine level. The animals were treated with sodium bicarbonate solution intravenously (7.5% w/v) @ 1 ml/kg body weight mixed with normal saline solution, Pheneramine maleate Injection intramuscularly @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight, Injection Vitamin B-complex intramuscularly, Rumenotoric bolus (Rumentus) and powder Bufzone orally @ 50g once a day until recovery. The clinical signs were gradua...
Day-old broiler chicks (n = 120) were distributed randomly into four groups (n=30), in two replic... more Day-old broiler chicks (n = 120) were distributed randomly into four groups (n=30), in two replicates and were of fered herbal growth promoters developed by M/s. Dabur Ayurvet Ltd Ghaziabad, viz., spirulina (T1), AV/LTG/26B (T2) and their combinations (T3) @ 50 g per quintal of broiler diet along with separate control group (T0. At the end of six-weeks trial the results revealed differences (P<0.01) in the final body weight beween the control and the groups. However, average feed consumption llnd feed conversion efficiency remained similar. The livability percent and performance indices were numerically higher in treated groups than in control group. The cost of production was worhd out to be Rs. 36.52, Rs. 35.81, Rs. 35.71 and Rs. 35.32 per kg live broiler for the groups T0, T1, and T3, respectively.
Orf is an acute contagious and economically important zoonotic viral skin disease of sheep, goat,... more Orf is an acute contagious and economically important zoonotic viral skin disease of sheep, goat, and wild ruminants caused by orf viruses. Infected animal is sick, fail to thrive and susceptible to bacterial infections. Characteristic of the disease are proliferative and often self-limiting lesions on the skin of the lips, on the oral mucosa and around the nostrils. The mortality rate related to orf is usually low, but it may be very high when bacterial or fungal secondary infections occur. Three kids with comparable age group of six months were affected with orf in Sheep and Goat Farm, Livestock Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Mandira. The affected kids developed fever, dull, depressed and lesions on nostrils, lips and inside the mouth. Affected goats was isolated from other healthy goats. Lesions were wiped with potassium permanganate solution. Affected goats was treated intramuscularly with Inj. Enrofloxacin @ 5mg/kg body weight, Inj. Meloxicam @ 0.5 mg/kg body ...
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a Commercial Herbal Growth Promoter (CH... more The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a Commercial Herbal Growth Promoter (CHGP) with a combination of selective nine numbers of herbs on the performance of broiler chicken. A total of 120 day-old commercial broiler chicks having similar body weight from a single hatch were procured and chicks were randomly distributed into four groups viz, T0 (standard basal diet as control), T1 (basal diet + 1.0 % CHGP powder), T2 (basal diet + 2.0 % CHGP powder) and T3 (basal diet + 3.0 % CHGP powder) comprising 30 chicks in each groups. All the birds were managed under uniform managemental condition. The final body weight was significantly (P£0.01) highest in T2 (2059.83 g) followed by T3 (1956.67 g), T0 (1845.33 g) and T1 (1825.17 g). In respect of overall Feed Conversion Ratios (FCR), T2 group showed significantly (P£0.05) best FCR value of 1.69 followed by T3 (1.77), T0 (1.85) and T1 (1.87). The study revealed that there was increased body weight, improved FCR, higher BPEI...
THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
The present study was carried out to detect the circulating Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from va... more The present study was carried out to detect the circulating Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from various field outbreaks in Assam during 2018-2021. Nine hundred ninety-two clinical and post mortem samples were collected from the backyard and commercial poultry and subjected to molecular detection by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). NDV could be detected in 445 (n=757, 58.78%) tissue samples and 53 (n=235, 22.55%) cloacal swabs collected from suspected poultry cases by RT-PCR. The findings of our study suggests that the sample of choice for detection of NDV from tissue samples was trachea (n=85, 92.94%), followed by spleen (n=96, 90.62%), lung (n=92, 86.95%), caecal tonsils (n=96, 77.08%), proventriculus (n=74, 60.81%), brain (n=92, 48.91%), intestines (n=73, 31.50%), kidney (n=52, 23.07%), and cloacal swab (n=235, 22.55%) by RT-PCR. Hence, the collection of specific tissue samples from field outbreaks for the detection of NDV is of paramount importance. In add...
International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management
The Indian poultry market is estimated to have an annual growth rate of 8.1% as of today. However... more The Indian poultry market is estimated to have an annual growth rate of 8.1% as of today. However, infectious diseases in poultry pose an important constraint in the growth and development of this sector in our region. Among infectious diseases, viral diseases of poultry pose a serious threat to the poultry industry from an economic point of view. Several viral disease outbreaks have been reported by various researchers from different parts of the country. Among the common viral diseases of poultry, incidences of Newcastle disease, Avian Influenza, Fowl Pox, Infectious Bursal Disease, Marek’s disease, Infectious Bronchitis, Infectious Laryngotracheitis and Inclusion Body Hepatitis are significant in Assam as well as other parts of India. Thorough epidemiological studies followed by the identification of different serotypes, pathotypes, strains, etc. by genotyping and molecular characterization of viral disease pathogens may lead to ways to control and eradicate the diseases. Importa...
A study was conducted covering a total of one hundred chicken farmers in tribal dominated Boko Bl... more A study was conducted covering a total of one hundred chicken farmers in tribal dominated Boko Block of Kamrup district in Assam to assess different productive and reproductive traits of Desi, Vanaraja and Srinidhi birds under field condition. Information was obtained on mean body weight at various ages, age at first egg, annual egg production, fertility and hatchability and mortality rate. Body weight, egg production and egg weight were significantly (P£0.05) higher in Vanaraja and Srinidhi birds compared to Desi chicken. The age at first egg was significantly (P£0.05) higher in Desi chicken while compared with Vanaraja and Srinidhi under traditional system of management. However no significant (P£0.05) difference was found between Vanaraja and Srinidhi in their body weight and egg production at various ages. Higher mortality percent in Vanaraja (12.23±1.62) and Srinidhi (11.34±1.23) were recorded during 0 to 5 week. No significant (P£0.05) differences were found among all three gr...
Azolla pinneta and common duckweed (Lemna minor) were cultured in concrete tanks separately under... more Azolla pinneta and common duckweed (Lemna minor) were cultured in concrete tanks separately under field conditions for 30 days, at the farm of Livestock Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Mandira, Assam. The biomass production, doubling time and relative growth rate of A. pinneta was recorded as 173.33±13.16g, 5.55±2.35days and 0.124±0.35 g/g/d respectively and L. minor was 143±11.95g, 8.15±2.85 days and 0.084±0.28 g/g/d respectively. The values significantly (P<0.05) differed between the two species. The crude protein, ether extract and crude fibre content of L. minor are significantly (P<0.05) lower than A. pinneta whereas, total ash content was significantly (P<0.05) higher. No significant difference has been observed in the case of dry matter content. It can be concluded from the study that, both A. pinneta and L. minor possess good nutritive values and suitable production behaviour in agro climatic conditions of Assam. But, A. pinneta showed a better resu...
A study was conducted to evaluate the social, personal and economical variables of broiler farmer... more A study was conducted to evaluate the social, personal and economical variables of broiler farmers of South Kamrup district of Assam. For this, 60 number of farmers from 6 villages who were exposed to a short-term training programme on scientific management on broiler chicken farming were selected at random. The study revealed that more number of educated youths were interested for broiler farming; whereas, lower financial background (yearly family income of lesser than Rs. 30000.00) played positive role to run the enterprise. Most of the farmers started the venture only recently (1–2 years old) who had been inspired to start farming from their friends. It was found that majority of the farmers carried out general farm operations like feeding, watering etc. without using extra labourer. Overwhelming number of farmers ventured broiler farming by self financing. Various constraints faced by the farmers were evaluated; out of which lack of financial support was found to the most promin...
A study was carried out to evaluate the performance of Chara-Chemballi duck, the indigenous varie... more A study was carried out to evaluate the performance of Chara-Chemballi duck, the indigenous variety of Kerala under the agroclimatic conditions of rural Assam. A total of 560 ducklings from a single hatch were distributed among 56 women beneficiaries (10 ducklings/farmer) of Kamrup and Goalpara districts of Assam. All ducklings were reared under uniform managemental condition. A total of 100 male and 200 female ducklings were selected randomly and wing banded for recording of certain performance traits up to 72 weeks of age. The analyzed data indicated that there was significant (P<0.01) difference in body weight (g) between males and females at 4, 8, 12, 30, 40, 50 and 72 weeks of age, respectively. However, non-significant difference in body weight between sexes was recorded at 20 weeks of age. The average age of flock at first egg was 146.75±14.38 days. The average egg number up to 30, 50 and 72 weeks of age were 46.59±4.56, 116.24±3.57 and 185.56±3.87, respectively. The mean ...
The present clinical study was carried out in Kamrup district of Assam under Tribal Sub Plan (TSP... more The present clinical study was carried out in Kamrup district of Assam under Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Project. Twelve Assam Hill Goats showing clinical signs of rumen acidosis were selected for the trial. The results revealed that the ruminal pH, ruminal motility, odour, colour, consistency of rumen liquor, ruminal microflora and protozoal motility were differed from healthy goats. Haematological parameters showed increased haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total leukocyte counts. Biochemical examination showed increased blood lactic acid level, blood glucose level, total protein, AST, ALT, BUN and creatinine level. The animals were treated with sodium bicarbonate solution intravenously (7.5% w/v) @ 1 ml/kg body weight mixed with normal saline solution, Pheneramine maleate Injection intramuscularly @ 0.5 mg/kg body weight, Injection Vitamin B-complex intramuscularly, Rumenotoric bolus (Rumentus) and powder Bufzone orally @ 50g once a day until recovery. The clinical signs were gradua...
Day-old broiler chicks (n = 120) were distributed randomly into four groups (n=30), in two replic... more Day-old broiler chicks (n = 120) were distributed randomly into four groups (n=30), in two replicates and were of fered herbal growth promoters developed by M/s. Dabur Ayurvet Ltd Ghaziabad, viz., spirulina (T1), AV/LTG/26B (T2) and their combinations (T3) @ 50 g per quintal of broiler diet along with separate control group (T0. At the end of six-weeks trial the results revealed differences (P<0.01) in the final body weight beween the control and the groups. However, average feed consumption llnd feed conversion efficiency remained similar. The livability percent and performance indices were numerically higher in treated groups than in control group. The cost of production was worhd out to be Rs. 36.52, Rs. 35.81, Rs. 35.71 and Rs. 35.32 per kg live broiler for the groups T0, T1, and T3, respectively.
Orf is an acute contagious and economically important zoonotic viral skin disease of sheep, goat,... more Orf is an acute contagious and economically important zoonotic viral skin disease of sheep, goat, and wild ruminants caused by orf viruses. Infected animal is sick, fail to thrive and susceptible to bacterial infections. Characteristic of the disease are proliferative and often self-limiting lesions on the skin of the lips, on the oral mucosa and around the nostrils. The mortality rate related to orf is usually low, but it may be very high when bacterial or fungal secondary infections occur. Three kids with comparable age group of six months were affected with orf in Sheep and Goat Farm, Livestock Research Station, Assam Agricultural University, Mandira. The affected kids developed fever, dull, depressed and lesions on nostrils, lips and inside the mouth. Affected goats was isolated from other healthy goats. Lesions were wiped with potassium permanganate solution. Affected goats was treated intramuscularly with Inj. Enrofloxacin @ 5mg/kg body weight, Inj. Meloxicam @ 0.5 mg/kg body ...
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a Commercial Herbal Growth Promoter (CH... more The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a Commercial Herbal Growth Promoter (CHGP) with a combination of selective nine numbers of herbs on the performance of broiler chicken. A total of 120 day-old commercial broiler chicks having similar body weight from a single hatch were procured and chicks were randomly distributed into four groups viz, T0 (standard basal diet as control), T1 (basal diet + 1.0 % CHGP powder), T2 (basal diet + 2.0 % CHGP powder) and T3 (basal diet + 3.0 % CHGP powder) comprising 30 chicks in each groups. All the birds were managed under uniform managemental condition. The final body weight was significantly (P£0.01) highest in T2 (2059.83 g) followed by T3 (1956.67 g), T0 (1845.33 g) and T1 (1825.17 g). In respect of overall Feed Conversion Ratios (FCR), T2 group showed significantly (P£0.05) best FCR value of 1.69 followed by T3 (1.77), T0 (1.85) and T1 (1.87). The study revealed that there was increased body weight, improved FCR, higher BPEI...
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