Papers by Michael Mondanos
The APPEA Journal
In 2015, CO2CRC Ltd embarked on an ambitious plan to field test innovative technologies to monito... more In 2015, CO2CRC Ltd embarked on an ambitious plan to field test innovative technologies to monitor a CO2 plume injected into a saline aquifer with a view to address many of the economic and environmental concerns frequently associated with commercial carbon capture and storage project’s long-term monitoring programs (Jenkins et al. 2017). It was called the Otway Stage 3 Project and it was focused on testing the technologies of seismic and downhole pressures applied in unique ways to monitor an injected plume of approximately 15000 tonnes as it developed and migrated in the subsurface. To achieve this goal, five new wells were drilled at CO2CRC’s Otway International Test Centre – one dedicated to injection (drilled in 2017) and the remaining four wells (drilled in 2019) were used for monitoring purposes. Each monitoring well and the gas injection well, were outfitted with fibre optic systems installed and cemented outside the casing (specifically for seismic monitoring) and with pres...
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PESA News
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology offers an opportunity to reduce the concentration of ... more Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology offers an opportunity to reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere. Typically, CO2 is injected underground into depleted oil and gas fields, coalbeds or deep saline geological formations, where it is securely stored. For a formation to be suitable for CO2 storage three main requirements need to be fulfilled; capacity, injectivity and containment.
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Optical Sensors 2023
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International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control, 2021
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First Break, 2020
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First Break, 2019
Abstract Geothermal reservoirs offer unique characterization challenges due to the harsh environm... more Abstract Geothermal reservoirs offer unique characterization challenges due to the harsh environment that downhole tools are subject to and the discrete and spatially discontinuous hydrothermal features that make up the reservoir. Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) offer great potential for dramatically expanding the use of geothermal energy by allowing development of traditionally inaccessible thermal resources; thus, offering the possibility to significantly reduce carbon emissions to combat anthropogenically induced climate change. However, EGS development offers an additional set of challenges as reservoir engineers have the burden of not only characterizing the existing reservoir, but to dynamically guide reservoir enhancement in heterogeneous media with a fine degree of resolution and accuracy. Developing EGS resources will require highly advanced and novel characterization and monitoring methods and technologies.
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Second EAGE Workshop Practical Reservoir Monitoring 2019, 2019
A large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) research project has been carried out by Battelle ... more A large-scale carbon capture and storage (CCS) research project has been carried out by Battelle in cooperation with Core Energy LLC to evaluate the feasibility of sequestering CO2 into carbonate reef formations. The study area is located in Otsego Country, Michigan, USA, where Core Energy LLC utilizes CO2 injection for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) in Silurian pinnacle reefs. Novel monitoring tools such as distributing acoustic sensing (DAS) offer promise for monitoring CCS operations, and a time-lapse 4D DAS vertical seismic profiling (DAS VSP) seismic survey was carried out to assess the technology’s applicability for delineating and tracking injected CO2 in a carbonate reservoir. Two 3D DAS VSP surveys were acquired 16 months apart; between the first (baseline) and the second (repeat) survey 86,000 tons of CO2 had been injected. Preliminary analyses of the time lapse DAS VSP data indicates that fibre-optic distributed acoustic sensing can be used to characterize the CO2 footprint inside carbonate reservoirs.
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First EAGE Workshop on Fibre Optic Sensing, 2020
Summary Fibre-optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) offers the ability to record seismic waves... more Summary Fibre-optic Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS) offers the ability to record seismic waves with high density measurements in time and space, thus enabling a detailed analysis of subsurface structure and the seismic waveform. The aim of this study is to compare the suitability of high-quality geophones and fibre-optic cables for site characterisation of potential nuclear waste repositories, using the Forsmark site in Sweden as a case study. Initial results of a walkaway vertical seismic profile (VSP) survey are presented here using data recorded on geophones and DAS data recorded on linear, helical and helical engineered cable using two different interrogators. The deployment of one linear and two helical cables in the same borehole enables a comparison of their sensitivity to seismic waves in field data. Of particular interest is the difference between the SNR of data recorded on geophones and the engineered helical cable as part of the new generation of DAS systems.
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Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs, 2019
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The Leading Edge, 2017
Measurement of interwell hydraulic interference is a fundamental method of characterizing the per... more Measurement of interwell hydraulic interference is a fundamental method of characterizing the permeability structure of geothermal, carbon sequestration, and petroleum reservoirs. A new system of pressure measurement is demonstrated that utilizes fiber-optic cable. In the laboratory, fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) was used to measure oscillating pressure signals employed at mHz frequencies. DAS measures oscillatory strain rate along the fiber-optic cable caused by oscillatory pressure changes. Pressure was measured in a water-filled reservoir subjected to an oscillating water level. Because the native measurement of the DAS system is strain rate, the quality of the measurement degrades with longer oscillation periods and smaller pressure changes. Tests showed a linear relationship between DAS strain and hydrostatic pressure for short oscillation periods (<10 s), but a poor relationship for longer periods (>100 s). The approach exhibits poor sensitivity to fluid...
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Day 2 Tue, August 01, 2017, 2017
Nigeria is Africa's biggest crude producer but its revenue is severely reduced by theft and a... more Nigeria is Africa's biggest crude producer but its revenue is severely reduced by theft and attacks on oil pipelines that significantly impacts crude production and fuel supply. Substantial efforts have taken place in collaboration with local communities, producers and oil operators to engage New Technologies in a bid to combat oil theft and pipeline sabotage. Integrity monitoring of oil and gas pipeline pipelines can quickly identify a leak or third-party incursion event. Distributed optical fibre sensing offers a pipeline monitoring system that is not available with any other technology. Early detection of a leak or intrusion together with the accurate identification of the location allows time for either safe shutdown or rapid dispatch of security, assessment and clean-up personnel giving benefits in terms of reduced environmental impact and reduced helth risks to the local population. An effective and appropriately implemented monitoring system can easily pay for itself thro...
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Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, 2017
A vibration-sensitive, Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS) array, using fiber-optic cables, was dep... more A vibration-sensitive, Distributed Acoustic Sensor (DAS) array, using fiber-optic cables, was deployed in a triangularly shaped geometry on the frozen surface of Lake Mendota in Madison, Wisconsin, USA. The purpose of the array and testing program was to analyze the DAS response and to utilize the high spatial density of the distributed array for system response characterization in a well-constrained, small, surface array. A geophone array was also deployed to provide a reference system. The design of the array allowed us to assess the response of DAS with respect to distance from the seismic sources, the degradation of the response with length of the cable, the directivity of the fiber response with respect of the direction of the particle motion, and the quality of the signal with respect to cable type. The DAS array was examined for different cable constructions and orientations relative to the source propagation direction. Tight-buffered and loose-tube fiber-optic cable construc...
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Geophysical Research Letters, 2017
A new method of measuring dynamic strain in boreholes was used to record fracture displacement in... more A new method of measuring dynamic strain in boreholes was used to record fracture displacement in response to head oscillation. Fiber optic distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) was used to measure strain at mHz frequencies, rather than the Hz to kHz frequencies typical for seismic and acoustic monitoring. Fiber optic cable was mechanically coupled to the wall of a borehole drilled into fractured crystalline bedrock. Oscillating hydraulic signals were applied at a companion borehole 30 m away. The DAS instrument measured fracture displacement at frequencies of less than 1 mHz and amplitudes of less than 1 nm, in response to fluid pressure changes of less 20 Pa (2 mm H2O). Displacement was linearly related to the log of effective stress, a relationship typically explained by the effect of self‐affine fracture roughness on fracture closure. These results imply that fracture roughness affects closure even when displacement is a million times smaller than the fracture aperture.
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Papers by Michael Mondanos