Papers by Antonio Mannella
Recent earthquakes have shown the key role of post-earthquake technical inspections aimed at asse... more Recent earthquakes have shown the key role of post-earthquake technical inspections aimed at assessing the seismic safety and/or usability of buildings and the functionality of infrastructural systems, in order to minimize the impact of losses on citizens as fast as possible. The AeDES form is used to evaluate the safety conditions of buildings in order to enable people to return to their social and economic activities. The ReLUIS consortium has been heavily involved in the post-earthquake emergency phase of the central Italy earthquake. Consortium support to the Department of Civil Protection consisted of technical surveys of public buildings, with emphasis on school buildings, hospitals, strategic infrastructures, and sites with historical and monumental significance. Researchers from several Italian universities carried out in situ surveys in order to reduce social hardship. Usability and damage assessment was carried out by teams of surveyors made up of experts from a list of Re...
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The reconstruction process of residential buildings damaged by L'Aquila 2009 earthquake initi... more The reconstruction process of residential buildings damaged by L'Aquila 2009 earthquake initially involved buildings outside historical centres and then, starting from August 2012, residential buildings in historical centres. The reconstruction model related to buildings in historical centres was developed by two special offices, involved in the reconstruction process of L'Aquila municipality and other 56 municipalities, respectively. Both special offices introduced new procedures to manage the reconstruction based on a parametric model to define the maximum public grant to repair and strengthen the damaged buildings in historical centres. The new model was necessary to deal with the reconstruction of historical centres mainly characterized by old masonry building aggregates with a cultural and architectural heritage value. The parametric model defined by the Special Reconstruction Office of the Crater Municipalities USRC is illustrated in the paper. The model allows to eval...
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The improvement of seismic performances and the enhancement of the energy efficiency of existing ... more The improvement of seismic performances and the enhancement of the energy efficiency of existing buildings have nowadays become a priority. Indeed, much of the existing building stock is characterized by great structural, architectural and thermal obsolescence. In addition to the renovation of existing buildings, a very important aspect is the repair and upgrading of buildings recently damaged by the seismic events that hit the Italian territory. In particular, this article takes into account a school located in the municipality of Pievebovigliana, province of Macerata, which got damaged by the earthquakes that hit Central Italy on 24.08.2016 and 30.10.2016. In detail, the article refers to a one-story building characterized by an irregular plan configuration. The gravity load resisting system is made by masonry walls with regular blocks; in addition, few reinforced concrete columns embedded in the masonry walls support the roof girders. Different strategies of anti-seismic retrofit...
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The seismic events which hit Central Italy on 24 August, October 26 and October 3
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Following 2009 Abruzzi Region earthquake, the reconstruction process of historical centres of tow... more Following 2009 Abruzzi Region earthquake, the reconstruction process of historical centres of towns and villages was managed by using the so-called “Integrated Model for Crater Cities (IMC)”. This is a parametric model to define, through step by step and simple procedures, the allowable grant amount for repair works. The IMC model, consists of two distinct parts: the first one is a data sheet to calculate in a parametric way the maximum financial contribution on the basis of data related to the damage and vulnerability of structural units; the second one is an executive project of the repair/retrofit intervention and relevant costs. The simultaneous delivery of this documentation allows to assess the suitability of intervention and to verify that the requested grant is compliant with proper financial thresholds defined by post earthquake laws. Considering that the procedure is applied to buildings in historical centres, specific grant increases have been defined both to promote the ...
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This report summarizes the most significant aspects of research financed by the Marche Region’s S... more This report summarizes the most significant aspects of research financed by the Marche Region’s Scientific and Technical Committee (CTS) for the coordination and re-establishing of post-seismic activities; this research was the result of close collaboration between the Structural, Water, and Soil Engineering Department of the University of L’Aquila, the Marche Region and the National Research Council-Construction Technologies Institute (CNR-ITC) in L’Aquila. Damage and collapse mechanisms and the efficacy of restoration and anti-seismic measures were studied through the analysis and classification of the damage to masonry buildings caused by the Umbro-Marchigiana earthquake of 1997. The efficacy and economical benefit of the techniques used and the strategies adopted to reduce seismic vulnerability were studied in particular detail. The research therefore developed along two lines: damage mechanisms and cost of intervention. This paper summarizes the work and results of this study w...
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After the earthquake that hit Molise in 2002, the Region instigated a series of studies to assess... more After the earthquake that hit Molise in 2002, the Region instigated a series of studies to assess the seismic safety of all public buildings and in particular school buildings. The Regional Authority invited the National Research Council Construction Technologies Institute in L’Aquila (CNR-ITC) to coordinate and direct work The CNR-ITC launched specifically prepared “Guidelines for the evaluation of vulnerability of school buildings” and a database was set-up for the information collected using the forms provided with the guidelines. This report illustrates the criteria, methodology and instruments outlined in the guidelines which were drawn up to help orientate investigations already underway, ensuring coherence in line with the overall aims of the work. The most significant aspects of the entire project are illustrated: the problems that arose during the operative phase; the contents of the procedures and methodologies used; the results of the investigations and the summarizing of...
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Buildings
The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a seismic retrofit technique that in... more The aim of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of a seismic retrofit technique that involves the introduction of energy dissipation devices properly connected to an existing structure through a system of cables and levers, which are employed to amplify total or inter-story drift at device end. One of the main topics related to the introduction of energy dissipation devices, lies in the choice of their optimal setting within the structure to maximize the effectiveness without producing functionality limitations. The achievement of these objectives is, therefore, linked, regardless of the type adopted, to the amount of energy dissipated in each cycle, directly proportional to the displacement magnitude to which the device is subject. Many configurations proposed in the literature and currently adopted in professional practice provide additional dissipation systems variously connected to braces installed inside the structural frame and, therefore, able to exploit the inter-s...
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IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing
The assessment of satellite image classifications is usually carried out using a test sample assu... more The assessment of satellite image classifications is usually carried out using a test sample assumed as the ground truth, from which a confusion matrix is derived. There are cases where the reference data, even those coming from a ground survey, are affected by errors and do not represent a reliable truth. In the field of geophysical parameter retrieval, the triple collocation (TC) technique is applied for validating remotely sensed products when the source of test data (e.g., ground data) does not represent a reliable reference. TC is able to retrieve the error variances of three systems observing the same target parameter, assuming that their errors are independent. In this paper, we exploit the same idea to test the classification accuracy in cases where the ground truth is not available. We extend the TC approach to the classification problem for a general number of classes, but we solve it numerically for a two-class problem (i.e., collapsed and noncollapsed buildings). The specific case refers to the detection of L’Aquila 2009 earthquake damage from very high-resolution optical data. The image classification, performed by exploiting an object-based analysis, is compared with those from two different ground surveys carried out after the earthquake by different teams and with different purposes. This paper demonstrates the power of the TC approach for assessing the classification accuracy with no reliable ground truth available, and provides an insight into the problem of assessing damage, from satellite and on ground, in a very critical and unsafe situation, like the one occurring after an earthquake. Moreover, it was found that the remotely sensed product can have an order of accuracy comparable to that of at least one of the ground surveys.
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MATEC Web of Conferences
This study focuses on retrofit interventions that allow a seismic improvement of the Architectura... more This study focuses on retrofit interventions that allow a seismic improvement of the Architectural Heritage whose critical aspects are conservation and enhancement of existing buildings. During the last decades, designers and researchers have invested in the technical development of seismic retrofitting interventions with the aim of improving the structural performances in a cost-effective way without sacrificing the aesthetical aspects of valuable buildings. Moreover, recent research on historical masonry provided important references and data on the advantages of these interventions in the Architectural Heritage protection. Despite the technological progress, seismic interventions in terms of environmental performance still represent a critical issue, so it is essential to assess their effects on energetic behaviour. The aim of the research is to evaluate the effects of most used seismic retrofitting interventions on energy performance of a masonry historical buildings. The Author...
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International Journal of Architectural Heritage
ABSTRACT The seismic sequences occurred in Italy during the last decades confirmed the vulnerabil... more ABSTRACT The seismic sequences occurred in Italy during the last decades confirmed the vulnerability of historical centres and the need for novel procedures aimed at preserving the cultural heritage and mitigating the structural risk. Building conservation and safeguard require a multidisciplinary approach, so that an accurate assessment of buildings conditions, both conservative and structural in nature, can be accomplished; as a result, potential risk factors and the associated interventions to increase the resilience of sites and historic buildings can be successfully identified. Herein, an insight on the technical literature offers some reflections about a reliable framework for conservation plans that could comply with the current knowledge and technology, and therefore potentially defined proactive. The opportunities given by the integration of information systems and structural monitoring techniques are analysed in the light of a SWOT analysis able to support a rational approach to the preservation of historical centres. The proposed SWOT matrix is the result of an interdisciplinary effort and reflects the key features of a real case, paradigmatic of many historical centres of the Abruzzi Region. In such a perspective, this study represents a step forward an effective and rational approach to the structural maintenance and preservation of historical centres.
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Sustainability
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Sustainability
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SPIE Proceedings, 2015
Due to the improved spatial resolution, Earth observation (EO) data, either from Synthetic Apertu... more Due to the improved spatial resolution, Earth observation (EO) data, either from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) or optical sensor, provide the opportunity to assess earthquake damage of individual buildings. However, the operational use of EO data for earthquake damage mapping is basically limited to the visual inspection of Very High Resolution (VHR) optical imagery. In this work we investigate the feasibility of a damage assessment product at single building scale from a pair of VHR SAR images acquired before and after a seismic event. We perform the change analysis using the Kullbach-Leibler divergence and the intensity ratio and then we associate detected changes to a building map provided as GIS layer. Finally the expected SAR signature of a collapsed building is considered to identify severely damaged buildings. In order to test the proposed methodology we use Spotlight COSMO-SkyMed SAR imagery of L’Aquila (Italy) collected before and after the earthquake occurred on April 6, 2009. A macroseismic survey on the whole central area of L’Aquila city based on the European Macroseismic Scale 1998 is used to assess the capability of VHR SAR images to map damage.
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Papers by Antonio Mannella