Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immig... more Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immigrant-background children’s oral language profi-ciency in their first and second language with the school outcomes of early
The Family Stress Model (FSM) and the Family Investment Model (FIM) explain how socioeconomic sta... more The Family Stress Model (FSM) and the Family Investment Model (FIM) explain how socioeconomic status (SES) predicts child development through parenting. The goal of this study was to test family stress and investment pathways to cognitive and behavioral outcomes in ethnic minority preadolescents. The sample consisted of 72 Turkish minority mothers and their 11to 13-year-old children. Parenting was assessed through adolescent reports and observations, and mothers reported on their stress levels, adolescent behavior problems and school attainment. Adolescent frustration inhibition was measured in a task situation. The relation between SES and adolescent behavior was mediated by maternal stress, whereas frustration inhibition was predicted by family investment processes. Our findings support both the FSM and FIM in ethnic minority preadolescents.
In de tweetalige ontwikkeling van kinderen met een niet-Nederlandse achtergrond is een belangrijk... more In de tweetalige ontwikkeling van kinderen met een niet-Nederlandse achtergrond is een belangrijke rol weggelegd voor contextuele factoren; niet alleen het gezin maar ook de buurt en de school maken onderdeel uit van de context waarbinnen tweetalige kinderen vaardigheden in zowel de thuistaal als de meerderheidstaal ontwikkelen. De factoren die hierbij een rol spelen worden samengevat in het Tweetaligheid-in-Context (TIC) model. Dit model is ontwikkeld op basis van resultaten uit eerder onderzoek naar tweetaligheid, met name het onderzoek beschreven in het proefschrift van Marielle Prevoo getiteld ‘Bilingualism is more than just the sum of two parts’. Het TIC model kan door logopedisten gebruikt worden om omgevingsinvloeden in kaart te brengen en op basis daarvan een passende benadering te kiezen voor de behandeling of begeleiding van een twee- of meertalig kind bij wie de taalontwikkeling moeizaam verloopt of van wie de ouders of de leerkracht vragen hebben over hoe beide talen een...
In the current study we investigated whether self-efficacy mediated the relation between selfregu... more In the current study we investigated whether self-efficacy mediated the relation between selfregulation (effortful control and executive function) and educational attainment in secondary school tracks in 70 Turkish minority preadolescents in the Netherlands. Family SES and host language (Dutch) vocabulary were also included as predictors for educational attainment. Self-efficacy fully mediated the relation between effortful control and educational attainment, indicating that behavioral regulation provides children with self-confidence regarding their academic abilities and motivation, which in turn facilitates academic performance. Executive function, on the other hand was not linked to self-efficacy or educational attainment. Family socioeconomic status and Dutch vocabulary showed direct and indirect associations with educational attainment via self-efficacy. Overall, behavioral self-regulation contributes to positive academic adaptation and resilience in ethnic minority students i...
Abstract Past research has shown concurrent associations between adolescent's body mass index... more Abstract Past research has shown concurrent associations between adolescent's body mass index (BMI) and classroom bullying victimization experiences. The goal of this three‐wave longitudinal study is to examine a transactional model of associations between BMI and bullying victimization among adolescents in India. We investigate concurrent unidirectional and bidirectional relations between BMI and victimization. In a sample of 1238 students from nine schools (Grades 7–9; M‐ageT1 = 13.15, SD = 1.16) in Indore, India, we used self‐ and peer‐reports to measure bullying victimization in the classroom, and objective measurement of students' height and weight to collect data on adolescents' BMI, across three waves in one school year. Structural equational modeling was used to test transactional relations between BMI and bullying victimization. For self‐reported victimization, there was no concurrent or over time association between BMI and victimization for boys or girls in the present study. For peer‐reported victimization, we observed concurrent associations between BMI and victimization for boys and girls and a prospective relation where higher BMI corresponded to less victimization over time for boys. The study yielded mainly concurrent relations between BMI and victimization among adolescents in India. Results from western countries may not generalize to India.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 2016
The aim of this study was to test the relation between sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behavior... more The aim of this study was to test the relation between sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behaviors in Dutch ethnic majority and Turkish ethnic minority mothers. Sixty mothers, 30 in the Dutch and 30 in the Turkish group, with a child between the ages of 2 and 5 years participated. Sensitivity belief scores were derived by correlating the Maternal Behaviour Q-Sort (Pederson, Moran, & Bento, 1999), the expertderived profile of the highly sensitive mother, with mothers' beliefs about the ideal mother. For observed sensitive behaviors, mothers and children were observed in a free play situation with the Emotional Availability Scales (Biringen, 2008). Dutch mothers scored higher on sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behaviors than Turkish mothers, and this relation between ethnicity and sensitivity (beliefs and behaviors) was not mediated by socioeconomic status (SES). Sensitivity beliefs were not related to sensitive behaviors in either group, and ethnicity and SES did not moderate this association. Further investigation of the relation between sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behaviors could inform interventions on how to translate improved parenting beliefs into improvements in parenting practices.
Handbook on Positive Development of Minority Children and Youth, 2017
Attachment is considered a universal human need and, although relevant studies are scarce, it app... more Attachment is considered a universal human need and, although relevant studies are scarce, it appears that the main tenets of attachment theory (i.e., children becoming attached to one or more particular caregivers, the normativity of secure attachment patterns, and the positive effects of parental sensitivity) are also applicable to non-Western cultural groups, including ethnic minorities. Parental sensitivity and secure attachment appear to occur at a lower rate in ethnic minority than in ethnic majority families, but such differences can generally be ascribed to group differences in socioeconomic status and related social challenges. Attachment-based intervention efforts specifically aimed at enhancing parenting practices among ethnic minorities exist, but there is a scarcity of studies testing their effectiveness. It is also important to pay more attention to the ethnicity of coders in the mostly observational methods of attachment research, as there is evidence that coder ethnicity may influence scoring. Finally, the field would greatly benefit from a more theoretical and more overarching approach to how attachment-related family functioning might vary depending on migration background (e.g., refugee, labor migration, postcolonial migration), and the extent to which they are linguistically, culturally, and religiously (dis)similar to the ethnic majority.
Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immig... more Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immigrant-background children’s oral language proficiency in their first and second language with the school outcomes of early literacy ( k = 41), reading ( k = 61), spelling ( k = 9), mathematics ( k = 9), and academic achievement ( k = 9). Moderate to strong within-language relations were found for all school outcomes (.22 < r < .43), and cross-language relations for early literacy and reading (.12 < r < .22). Within-language relations were stronger than cross-language relations (.14 < d < .35). Only 6 out of 96 moderator effects tested were significant. Based on our findings, we propose a task-dependent bidirectional transfer hypothesis: The strength of cross-language transfer depends on the type of language proficiency task and the type of school outcome. Stimulating oral language proficiency in both languages can be a key factor in improving school outcomes of bilingual...
The primary goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that beliefs about the ideal sensitive m... more The primary goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that beliefs about the ideal sensitive mother are similar across Dutch, Moroccan, and Turkish mothers living in the Netherlands. A total of 75 mothers with at least one child between the ages of six months and six years described their views about the ideal sensitive mother using the Maternal Behavior Q-Sort (Pederson, Moran, & Bento, 1999 ). These views were highly similar within and across cultural and socio-economic groups. Nevertheless, family income fully mediated the relationship between ethnic background and sensitivity beliefs; income of minority mothers was lower which was in turn predictive of a lower sensitivity belief score. Our findings suggest that the main behavioral markers of sensitivity are valued by mothers from different cultural backgrounds. The role of socio-economic status in sensitivity beliefs is consistent with the Family Stress Model.
ABSTRACTWhen bilingual children enter formal reading education, host language proficiency becomes... more ABSTRACTWhen bilingual children enter formal reading education, host language proficiency becomes increasingly important. This study investigated the relation between socioeconomic status (SES), maternal language use, reading input, and vocabulary in a sample of 111 six-year-old children of first- and second-generation Turkish immigrant parents in the Netherlands. Mothers reported on their language use with the child, frequency of reading by both parents, and availability of children's books in the ethnic and the host language. Children's Dutch and Turkish vocabulary were tested during a home visit. SES was related to maternal language use and to host language reading input. Reading input mediated the relation between SES and host language vocabulary and between maternal language use and host language vocabulary, whereas only maternal language use was related to ethnic language vocabulary. During transition to formal reading education, one should be aware that children from ...
Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immig... more Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immigrant-background children’s oral language profi-ciency in their first and second language with the school outcomes of early
The Family Stress Model (FSM) and the Family Investment Model (FIM) explain how socioeconomic sta... more The Family Stress Model (FSM) and the Family Investment Model (FIM) explain how socioeconomic status (SES) predicts child development through parenting. The goal of this study was to test family stress and investment pathways to cognitive and behavioral outcomes in ethnic minority preadolescents. The sample consisted of 72 Turkish minority mothers and their 11to 13-year-old children. Parenting was assessed through adolescent reports and observations, and mothers reported on their stress levels, adolescent behavior problems and school attainment. Adolescent frustration inhibition was measured in a task situation. The relation between SES and adolescent behavior was mediated by maternal stress, whereas frustration inhibition was predicted by family investment processes. Our findings support both the FSM and FIM in ethnic minority preadolescents.
In de tweetalige ontwikkeling van kinderen met een niet-Nederlandse achtergrond is een belangrijk... more In de tweetalige ontwikkeling van kinderen met een niet-Nederlandse achtergrond is een belangrijke rol weggelegd voor contextuele factoren; niet alleen het gezin maar ook de buurt en de school maken onderdeel uit van de context waarbinnen tweetalige kinderen vaardigheden in zowel de thuistaal als de meerderheidstaal ontwikkelen. De factoren die hierbij een rol spelen worden samengevat in het Tweetaligheid-in-Context (TIC) model. Dit model is ontwikkeld op basis van resultaten uit eerder onderzoek naar tweetaligheid, met name het onderzoek beschreven in het proefschrift van Marielle Prevoo getiteld ‘Bilingualism is more than just the sum of two parts’. Het TIC model kan door logopedisten gebruikt worden om omgevingsinvloeden in kaart te brengen en op basis daarvan een passende benadering te kiezen voor de behandeling of begeleiding van een twee- of meertalig kind bij wie de taalontwikkeling moeizaam verloopt of van wie de ouders of de leerkracht vragen hebben over hoe beide talen een...
In the current study we investigated whether self-efficacy mediated the relation between selfregu... more In the current study we investigated whether self-efficacy mediated the relation between selfregulation (effortful control and executive function) and educational attainment in secondary school tracks in 70 Turkish minority preadolescents in the Netherlands. Family SES and host language (Dutch) vocabulary were also included as predictors for educational attainment. Self-efficacy fully mediated the relation between effortful control and educational attainment, indicating that behavioral regulation provides children with self-confidence regarding their academic abilities and motivation, which in turn facilitates academic performance. Executive function, on the other hand was not linked to self-efficacy or educational attainment. Family socioeconomic status and Dutch vocabulary showed direct and indirect associations with educational attainment via self-efficacy. Overall, behavioral self-regulation contributes to positive academic adaptation and resilience in ethnic minority students i...
Abstract Past research has shown concurrent associations between adolescent's body mass index... more Abstract Past research has shown concurrent associations between adolescent's body mass index (BMI) and classroom bullying victimization experiences. The goal of this three‐wave longitudinal study is to examine a transactional model of associations between BMI and bullying victimization among adolescents in India. We investigate concurrent unidirectional and bidirectional relations between BMI and victimization. In a sample of 1238 students from nine schools (Grades 7–9; M‐ageT1 = 13.15, SD = 1.16) in Indore, India, we used self‐ and peer‐reports to measure bullying victimization in the classroom, and objective measurement of students' height and weight to collect data on adolescents' BMI, across three waves in one school year. Structural equational modeling was used to test transactional relations between BMI and bullying victimization. For self‐reported victimization, there was no concurrent or over time association between BMI and victimization for boys or girls in the present study. For peer‐reported victimization, we observed concurrent associations between BMI and victimization for boys and girls and a prospective relation where higher BMI corresponded to less victimization over time for boys. The study yielded mainly concurrent relations between BMI and victimization among adolescents in India. Results from western countries may not generalize to India.
Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 2016
The aim of this study was to test the relation between sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behavior... more The aim of this study was to test the relation between sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behaviors in Dutch ethnic majority and Turkish ethnic minority mothers. Sixty mothers, 30 in the Dutch and 30 in the Turkish group, with a child between the ages of 2 and 5 years participated. Sensitivity belief scores were derived by correlating the Maternal Behaviour Q-Sort (Pederson, Moran, & Bento, 1999), the expertderived profile of the highly sensitive mother, with mothers' beliefs about the ideal mother. For observed sensitive behaviors, mothers and children were observed in a free play situation with the Emotional Availability Scales (Biringen, 2008). Dutch mothers scored higher on sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behaviors than Turkish mothers, and this relation between ethnicity and sensitivity (beliefs and behaviors) was not mediated by socioeconomic status (SES). Sensitivity beliefs were not related to sensitive behaviors in either group, and ethnicity and SES did not moderate this association. Further investigation of the relation between sensitivity beliefs and sensitive behaviors could inform interventions on how to translate improved parenting beliefs into improvements in parenting practices.
Handbook on Positive Development of Minority Children and Youth, 2017
Attachment is considered a universal human need and, although relevant studies are scarce, it app... more Attachment is considered a universal human need and, although relevant studies are scarce, it appears that the main tenets of attachment theory (i.e., children becoming attached to one or more particular caregivers, the normativity of secure attachment patterns, and the positive effects of parental sensitivity) are also applicable to non-Western cultural groups, including ethnic minorities. Parental sensitivity and secure attachment appear to occur at a lower rate in ethnic minority than in ethnic majority families, but such differences can generally be ascribed to group differences in socioeconomic status and related social challenges. Attachment-based intervention efforts specifically aimed at enhancing parenting practices among ethnic minorities exist, but there is a scarcity of studies testing their effectiveness. It is also important to pay more attention to the ethnicity of coders in the mostly observational methods of attachment research, as there is evidence that coder ethnicity may influence scoring. Finally, the field would greatly benefit from a more theoretical and more overarching approach to how attachment-related family functioning might vary depending on migration background (e.g., refugee, labor migration, postcolonial migration), and the extent to which they are linguistically, culturally, and religiously (dis)similar to the ethnic majority.
Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immig... more Sixteen meta-analyses were conducted to examine relations of typically developing bilingual immigrant-background children’s oral language proficiency in their first and second language with the school outcomes of early literacy ( k = 41), reading ( k = 61), spelling ( k = 9), mathematics ( k = 9), and academic achievement ( k = 9). Moderate to strong within-language relations were found for all school outcomes (.22 < r < .43), and cross-language relations for early literacy and reading (.12 < r < .22). Within-language relations were stronger than cross-language relations (.14 < d < .35). Only 6 out of 96 moderator effects tested were significant. Based on our findings, we propose a task-dependent bidirectional transfer hypothesis: The strength of cross-language transfer depends on the type of language proficiency task and the type of school outcome. Stimulating oral language proficiency in both languages can be a key factor in improving school outcomes of bilingual...
The primary goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that beliefs about the ideal sensitive m... more The primary goal of this study is to test the hypothesis that beliefs about the ideal sensitive mother are similar across Dutch, Moroccan, and Turkish mothers living in the Netherlands. A total of 75 mothers with at least one child between the ages of six months and six years described their views about the ideal sensitive mother using the Maternal Behavior Q-Sort (Pederson, Moran, & Bento, 1999 ). These views were highly similar within and across cultural and socio-economic groups. Nevertheless, family income fully mediated the relationship between ethnic background and sensitivity beliefs; income of minority mothers was lower which was in turn predictive of a lower sensitivity belief score. Our findings suggest that the main behavioral markers of sensitivity are valued by mothers from different cultural backgrounds. The role of socio-economic status in sensitivity beliefs is consistent with the Family Stress Model.
ABSTRACTWhen bilingual children enter formal reading education, host language proficiency becomes... more ABSTRACTWhen bilingual children enter formal reading education, host language proficiency becomes increasingly important. This study investigated the relation between socioeconomic status (SES), maternal language use, reading input, and vocabulary in a sample of 111 six-year-old children of first- and second-generation Turkish immigrant parents in the Netherlands. Mothers reported on their language use with the child, frequency of reading by both parents, and availability of children's books in the ethnic and the host language. Children's Dutch and Turkish vocabulary were tested during a home visit. SES was related to maternal language use and to host language reading input. Reading input mediated the relation between SES and host language vocabulary and between maternal language use and host language vocabulary, whereas only maternal language use was related to ethnic language vocabulary. During transition to formal reading education, one should be aware that children from ...
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