Rat islets of Langerhans produce plasminogen activators (PA). The islet level of PA and the enzym... more Rat islets of Langerhans produce plasminogen activators (PA). The islet level of PA and the enzyme secreted in the islet incubation medium, are regulated by agents which modulate insulin synthesis and release. The cellular PA activity is due to 2 molecular forms of the enzyme, a Mr 72,000 and a Mr 48,000 species found in almost equal proportions. But the enzyme activity in the medium is due to only the lower molecular weight form. It is shown that this enzyme activity in the medium is due to immunologically identifiable urokinase type PA (uPA) and the cellular enzyme activity is due to both, uPA and tissue-type PA (tPA).
Point of Care The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology
Introduction: Diabetes is an accompanying diagnosis in approximately 25% of all hospital admissio... more Introduction: Diabetes is an accompanying diagnosis in approximately 25% of all hospital admissions. Because hyperglycemia has been shown to affect adversely patient outcomes, we sought to develop a laboratory-based computer model for tracking indicators for good glycemic control in hospitalized patients as a part of an inpatient diabetes management program. Methods: Patients with the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code for diabetes at admission, blood glucose level of more than 200 mg/dL, and/or hemoglobin A1c level of more than 7% were tracked with daily extracts from the laboratory information system of glucose determinations performed both in the main laboratory and at point-of-care testing. Results: Blood glucose values stratified by hospital, nursing unit location within the hospital, diagnosis, and chronology were grouped in 1 of 3 categories: 1, hypoglycemia (<40 or 40-70 mg/dL); 2, desired (71-130 or 131-180 mg/dL); and 3, hyperglycemia (181-300...
Clinical pathology laboratories increasingly use complex instruments that incorporate chromatogra... more Clinical pathology laboratories increasingly use complex instruments that incorporate chromatographic separation, e.g. liquid chromatography, with mass detection for rapid identification and quantification of biochemicals, biomolecules, or pharmaceuticals. Electronic data management for these instruments through interfaces with laboratory information systems (LIS) is not generally available from the instrument manufacturers or LIS vendors. Unavailability of a data management interface is a limiting factor in the use of these instruments in clinical laboratories where there is a demand for high-throughput assays with turn-around times that meet patient care needs. Professional society guidelines for design and transfer of data between instruments and LIS were used in the development and implementation of the interface. File transfer protocols and support utilities were written to facilitate transfer of information between the instruments and the LIS. An interface was created for liqu...
Point of Care The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology
Introduction: Good glycemia control has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in pat... more Introduction: Good glycemia control has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in patients with diabetes hospitalized for planned or emergency surgical procedures. Patients who are maintained within desired BG range with minimal excursions outside the designated concentrations have better outcomes with fewer adverse events or complications and shorter hospitalization. Patients with diabetes contracting infections after surgical procedures have prolonged recovery and difficulty in glycemia control. The impact of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms at the time of hospital admission or during hospitalization could adversely affect the outcomes in patients with and without diabetes. Methods: We have devised a laboratory information system (LIS) routed alert based on microbiology laboratory findings and previous patient history of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms. This algorithm was combined for application in tandem with another LIS algorithm, prev...
Point of Care: The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology, 2009
... Computerized Model of Bedside Glucose Monitoring Contributes to the Successful Implementation... more ... Computerized Model of Bedside Glucose Monitoring Contributes to the Successful Implementation of an Inpatient Diabetes Management Program in a University Hospital. Blank, Gary E. PhD*; Korytkowski, Mary T. MD; Virji, Mohamed A. MD, PhD*. Article Outline. Collapse Box ...
Treatment of rat hepatoma cells with insulin, glucagon, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) ... more Treatment of rat hepatoma cells with insulin, glucagon, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the monomeric actin content as measured by the deoxyribonuclease-I inhibition assay. Similarly, human peripheral blood neutrophils responded with a decrease in monomeric actin content when stimulated with T4, T3 and the adrenergic agonists phenylephrine and isoprenaline. The effect of phenylephrine could be blocked by phentolamine, demonstrating the specificity of the interaction. These observations suggest that hormone-induced actin changes might be an important event in response to both cell-surface-reactive hormones, such as insulin, glucagon and adrenergic agents, and those hormones that act through intracellular receptors, such as thyroid hormones. It is suggested that changes in actin state may have a role in metabolic regulation and cell growth.
The metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in vitro in the presence of insulin was studied ... more The metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in vitro in the presence of insulin was studied in freshly isolated human peripheral-blood lymphocytes. Insulin appeared to decrease the binding affinity of 125I-LDL to its cell-surface receptor, without any change in apparent Vmax or in the number of LDL receptors. As a consequence, the absolute amounts of 125I-LDL internalized and degraded were lower in the presence of insulin than in its abscence, although the fraction of internalized 125I-LDL degraded in either instance was quite similar. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity, and hence cholesterol synthesis, were stimulated by insulin. This effect of insulin was independent of the inhibitory effect of LDL on cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, acid cholesterol esterase and acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acetyltransferase activities were lower in cells incubated with insulin than in controls. The net effect of these metabolic alterations seems to be that cells accumulate...
Rat islets of Langerhans produce plasminogen activators (PA). The islet level of PA and the enzym... more Rat islets of Langerhans produce plasminogen activators (PA). The islet level of PA and the enzyme secreted in the islet incubation medium, are regulated by agents which modulate insulin synthesis and release. The cellular PA activity is due to 2 molecular forms of the enzyme, a Mr 72,000 and a Mr 48,000 species found in almost equal proportions. But the enzyme activity in the medium is due to only the lower molecular weight form. It is shown that this enzyme activity in the medium is due to immunologically identifiable urokinase type PA (uPA) and the cellular enzyme activity is due to both, uPA and tissue-type PA (tPA).
Point of Care The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology
Introduction: Diabetes is an accompanying diagnosis in approximately 25% of all hospital admissio... more Introduction: Diabetes is an accompanying diagnosis in approximately 25% of all hospital admissions. Because hyperglycemia has been shown to affect adversely patient outcomes, we sought to develop a laboratory-based computer model for tracking indicators for good glycemic control in hospitalized patients as a part of an inpatient diabetes management program. Methods: Patients with the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code for diabetes at admission, blood glucose level of more than 200 mg/dL, and/or hemoglobin A1c level of more than 7% were tracked with daily extracts from the laboratory information system of glucose determinations performed both in the main laboratory and at point-of-care testing. Results: Blood glucose values stratified by hospital, nursing unit location within the hospital, diagnosis, and chronology were grouped in 1 of 3 categories: 1, hypoglycemia (<40 or 40-70 mg/dL); 2, desired (71-130 or 131-180 mg/dL); and 3, hyperglycemia (181-300...
Clinical pathology laboratories increasingly use complex instruments that incorporate chromatogra... more Clinical pathology laboratories increasingly use complex instruments that incorporate chromatographic separation, e.g. liquid chromatography, with mass detection for rapid identification and quantification of biochemicals, biomolecules, or pharmaceuticals. Electronic data management for these instruments through interfaces with laboratory information systems (LIS) is not generally available from the instrument manufacturers or LIS vendors. Unavailability of a data management interface is a limiting factor in the use of these instruments in clinical laboratories where there is a demand for high-throughput assays with turn-around times that meet patient care needs. Professional society guidelines for design and transfer of data between instruments and LIS were used in the development and implementation of the interface. File transfer protocols and support utilities were written to facilitate transfer of information between the instruments and the LIS. An interface was created for liqu...
Point of Care The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology
Introduction: Good glycemia control has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in pat... more Introduction: Good glycemia control has been shown to reduce morbidity and mortality rates in patients with diabetes hospitalized for planned or emergency surgical procedures. Patients who are maintained within desired BG range with minimal excursions outside the designated concentrations have better outcomes with fewer adverse events or complications and shorter hospitalization. Patients with diabetes contracting infections after surgical procedures have prolonged recovery and difficulty in glycemia control. The impact of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms at the time of hospital admission or during hospitalization could adversely affect the outcomes in patients with and without diabetes. Methods: We have devised a laboratory information system (LIS) routed alert based on microbiology laboratory findings and previous patient history of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms. This algorithm was combined for application in tandem with another LIS algorithm, prev...
Point of Care: The Journal of Near-Patient Testing & Technology, 2009
... Computerized Model of Bedside Glucose Monitoring Contributes to the Successful Implementation... more ... Computerized Model of Bedside Glucose Monitoring Contributes to the Successful Implementation of an Inpatient Diabetes Management Program in a University Hospital. Blank, Gary E. PhD*; Korytkowski, Mary T. MD; Virji, Mohamed A. MD, PhD*. Article Outline. Collapse Box ...
Treatment of rat hepatoma cells with insulin, glucagon, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) ... more Treatment of rat hepatoma cells with insulin, glucagon, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) caused a concentration-dependent decrease in the monomeric actin content as measured by the deoxyribonuclease-I inhibition assay. Similarly, human peripheral blood neutrophils responded with a decrease in monomeric actin content when stimulated with T4, T3 and the adrenergic agonists phenylephrine and isoprenaline. The effect of phenylephrine could be blocked by phentolamine, demonstrating the specificity of the interaction. These observations suggest that hormone-induced actin changes might be an important event in response to both cell-surface-reactive hormones, such as insulin, glucagon and adrenergic agents, and those hormones that act through intracellular receptors, such as thyroid hormones. It is suggested that changes in actin state may have a role in metabolic regulation and cell growth.
The metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in vitro in the presence of insulin was studied ... more The metabolism of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in vitro in the presence of insulin was studied in freshly isolated human peripheral-blood lymphocytes. Insulin appeared to decrease the binding affinity of 125I-LDL to its cell-surface receptor, without any change in apparent Vmax or in the number of LDL receptors. As a consequence, the absolute amounts of 125I-LDL internalized and degraded were lower in the presence of insulin than in its abscence, although the fraction of internalized 125I-LDL degraded in either instance was quite similar. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase activity, and hence cholesterol synthesis, were stimulated by insulin. This effect of insulin was independent of the inhibitory effect of LDL on cholesterol synthesis. At the same time, acid cholesterol esterase and acyl-CoA: cholesterol O-acetyltransferase activities were lower in cells incubated with insulin than in controls. The net effect of these metabolic alterations seems to be that cells accumulate...
Uploads
Papers