Due to Eucalyptuspotential as a fast growing species, its utilization for afforestation and indus... more Due to Eucalyptuspotential as a fast growing species, its utilization for afforestation and industrial and medical purposes is very important. E. maculata Hook. is an important species among the other eucalypts in respect to some chemical components production and medical utilization. Sexual and asexual propagation of this species is difficult, for this reason the trial was conducted to investigate its propagation by tissue culture, using micro mature stocks. The produced explants from the mature stocks, were placed on MS medium (Murashige and Skooge) treated by ½ nitrate and various growth regulators such as Kin (Kinetin), BAP (Benzylamino purine), IBA (Indole-3-acetic acid), 2ip (2-Isopentyladenine), TDZ (Tidiazorun) and NAA (Naphtalen Acetic Acid) at different levels of concentration. After two months, growth indexes, including shoot number, shoot height, root number, root length, bud number and greenness rate were measured and recorded. Results showed that the best shooting trea...
In the current study, some physiological responses of Kochia Prostrata to salinity stress were in... more In the current study, some physiological responses of Kochia Prostrata to salinity stress were investigated. This species is native to Iran and could be used as forage for livestock. Plants were exposed to 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl. The experimental design was completely randomized design with 4 replications and 5 treatments. To prevent osmotic shock, the treatments were done gradually. After 21 days of the last salinity treatment, the plants were harvested and proline, glycinebetaine, soluble sugars, water potential and relative water content were measured. The result showed that in Kochia Prostrata, with an increase of salinity concentration up to 200 mM NaCl, proline, glycinebetaine and soluble sugars increased. According to the results, this plant tolerates the salinity through the synthesis of proline, soluble sugars and glycinebetaine as the mechanisms of salt tolerance. The high relative water content of the leaf (RWC) up to 150 mM and significant decrease of...
<i>Andricus assarehi</i> Melika &amp; Sadeghi, new species Figs 18–34 <b>Ty... more <i>Andricus assarehi</i> Melika &amp; Sadeghi, new species Figs 18–34 <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE female: IRAN, Kordestan, Bane, XI–XII.2005. <i>Q. infectoria</i>. leg. M. Tavakoli. Lor 156. PARATYPES: 23 females with the same labels as the holotype. The holotype and 5 female paratypes in HNHM; 5 female paratypes in RIFR; 10 female paratypes in SPL; 3 female paratypes in NHML. <b>Other material examined.</b> 10 females and 8 galls with the same labels as the type. <b>Etymology</b>. In honour of Dr. M. Hassan Assareh, deputy director of the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran. <b>Diagnosis.</b> The species belongs to the <i>Andricus quercuscalicis</i> clade. Most closely resembles <i>Andricus dentimitratus</i> (Rejtö). In <i>A. dentimitratus</i> POL 1.8-1.9 times as long as OOL; OOL 1.5 times as long as the length of the lateral ocellus; the transfacial distance 2.1 times as long as the height of eye; clypeus higher than broad; pedicel subglobose, only very slightly longer than broad; F1 slightly longer than F2, F12=F11; anterior parallel lines extending to 1/3 of the mesoscutum length only; the mesoscutellum rugose; scutellar foveae subovate, only slightly broader than high, with coriaceous bottom; the prominent part of the ventral spine of hypopygium 5.5 times as long as broad. In <i>A. assarehi</i>, <b>new species</b>, POL 2.4 times as long as OOL; OOL only 1.2 times as long as the length of the lateral ocellus; the transfacial distance only 1.4 times as long as the height of eye; clypeus above 2.0 times as broad as high; pedicel nearly 2.0 times as long as broad, F1 1.4 times as long as F2, F12 2.0 times as long as F11; anterior parallel lines extending to the half length of the mesoscutum; the mesoscutellum delicately coriaceous; scutellar foveae transverse, at least 2.0 times as broad as high, with smooth bottom; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium less than 5.0 times as long as broad. <b>Description.</b> ASEXUAL FEMALE (holotype). Body rusty brown; head poster [...]
<i>Andricus megatruncicolus</i> Melika, new species Figs 87–104 <b>Type materia... more <i>Andricus megatruncicolus</i> Melika, new species Figs 87–104 <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE female: IRAN, Lorestan, Ghelaei, <i>Q. infectoria</i>, em. XI-XII.2005. leg. M. Tavakoli. Lor. 157. PARATYPES: 24 females: 14 females with the same labels as the holotype; 4 females labelled as " IRAN, Kordestan, Marivan, Q. infectoria. 2003. leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor 123", and 6 females labelled as " IRAN, Lorestan, Ghelaei, Q. infectoria. mid-summer, 2003. leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor 77". The holotype and 5 female paratypes in HNHM; 5 female paratypes in RIFR; 10 female paratypes in SPL; 4 female paratypes in NHML. <b>Other material examined.</b> 36 females labelled as " IRAN, Kordestan, Marivan, Q. infectoria. 2003. leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor123" and 12 females labelled as " IRAN, Kermanshah, Gahvareh, Q. infectoria. mid-summer, leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor95". <b>Etymology</b>. The species name <i>megatruncicolus</i> reflects the close similarity of the adult and asexual generation gall of this species to <i>Andricus truncicolus</i> (Giraud), and the larger size of the gall. <b>Diagnosis.</b> Most closely resembles <i>Andricus truncicolus</i> in which the body is predominantly blackish brown; the head is more or less rounded in front view; OOL 2.5 times as long as length of lateral ocellus and 2.1 times as long as LOL; the diameter of the antennal torulus about 3.7 times as large as the distance between them; the clypeus only slightly broader or as broad as high; F1 1.25 times as long as F2, F2 only slightly longer than F3; the mesoscutum coriaceous anteriorly, reticulate posteriorly, especially in the internotauli area; the median mesoscutal line distinct, in a form of short triangle; the mesoscutellum rounded, very slightly longer than broad, with more delicate sculpture towards the centre of scutellar disk; scutellar foveae nearly rounded, as high as broad, separated by a very narrow, delicately longitudinally striate central carina; anteriorly scutellar foveae nearly reaching one another; the mesopleuron and metapleuron with some dis [...]
One of the serious problems across the world is heavy metal pollution in water bodies that caused... more One of the serious problems across the world is heavy metal pollution in water bodies that caused by Lead (Pb). This study was designed to find out the effect of Pb toxicity on physiological and biochemical changes in three Eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., E. microtheca F. Muell and E. occidentalis Endl.).Seeds were grown in marble chips and irrigated with nutrient solution. The seedling (42 days old) were exposed to Pb(NO 3) 2 treatments (Pb:50, 100, 200 mM) for ten months. After this period, leaf, stem and root tissues were harvested. Lead content were determined by ICP-OES and some physiological and morphological characters were determined. The order of Pb accumulation in three species were E. occidentalis> E. camaldulensis> E. microtheca. The concentrations of lead in root tissue were higher than leaf and stem tissue and stem concentration was lower than the concentration of leaf (root Cu>leaf Cu>stem Cu). Tissue concentration increased as Pb incr...
ﺟﻠﺪ 15 ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3 ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ، 230-222) 1386 (ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ و ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ ﻫﺎي... more ﺟﻠﺪ 15 ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3 ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ، 230-222) 1386 (ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ و ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎل زاﻳﻲ در ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﮔﻞ Rosa damascena Mill. ﺳﻴﺪ ﻋﻘﺪاﻳﻲ ﻃﺒﺎﻳﻲ رﺿﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﺔ و ژﻧﺘﻴﻚ اﻳﺮان ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ و ﻣﺮﺗﻌﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن اﺻﻼح ﺟﻠﺪ 15 ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3 223 Abstract Rosa damascena Mill. as a most important aromatic plants is the best commercial species of the fragrant roses in Iran and many countries. To study callus induction and proliferation in Rosa damascena Mill., axillary buds of five genotypes collected from different parts of Iran was used as explants. These were cultured on MS medium supplemented with growth regulator(s) and solifiled with 0.7% (w/v) agar, at 25±1 °C. Different concentrations of 2,4-D (2, 3 ,4 ,5 ,6 mg/l), IBA (0.1 mg/l), NAA (5 ,10 mg/l), PCPA (3, 5 ,7 ,9 ,10 mg/l) Kinetin (0.1, 1 mg/l) and BAP(1, 2mg/l) were used. Genotypes showed significant differences (P<0.01) for callus induction, Also, highest callus induction was observed i...
ﺟﻠﺪ 13 ﺷﻤﺎر ة 4 ، ﺻﻔﺤﺔ 409-402 ،) 1385 (ﻣﺮﺗﻌﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻛﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺳﻪ در ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘ... more ﺟﻠﺪ 13 ﺷﻤﺎر ة 4 ، ﺻﻔﺤﺔ 409-402 ،) 1385 (ﻣﺮﺗﻌﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻛﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺳﻪ در ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ وﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎي و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ Atriplex verrucifera ﻛﺮﻳﻤﻲ ﻗﺎدر 1 ﻋﺼﺎره ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻦ و 2 ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎن و ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﺟﻠﺪ اﻳﺮان 13 ، ﺷﻤﺎر ة 4 Abstract In this research salt tolerance and physiological characteristics of Atriplex verrucifera ecotypes in Tabriz, Qazvin and Arak rangelands were investigated. This species due to bushy form, salt resistant, proper proteine percent, is one of the native plants and valuable in saline rangelands. These characteristics caused extensive use of this plant in rangelands reformation programs. The aim of this research paying attention to physiological parameters changes of salt resistant species ecotypes. Samples (soil and plant) of Atriplex verrucifera ecotypes were collected from Tabriz, Arak and Qazvin region and were analyzed. The experimental design was completely randomized design with 4 replications and 3 treatmen...
Trees as alive components of an ecosystem are able to convert some of the environment contaminant... more Trees as alive components of an ecosystem are able to convert some of the environment contaminants to unharmful substances and store some of them in their tissues and reduce their density and intensity in the air and soil by breath, root absorption and photosynthesis and other biotic functions. Trees function in such condition is completely related to environmental and habitat circumstances and their physiological potential. At beginning, five research sites at Khuzestan and Bushehr provinces were selected among the contaminated area by the Gulf War. At each site, soil sampling was made from three levels of depth (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm). Soil physical and chemical characteristics test was made to measure nine metal elements and 12 other soil properties. The eucalypt species consisted of: E. camaldulensis, E. camaldulensis 9616, E. microtheca and E. sargentii which were planted under the Randomized Complete Blocks statistical design with three replicates. Before sampling the trees...
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of cryopreservation of Eucalyptus microt... more The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of cryopreservation of Eucalyptus microtheca seeds at -196 ºC, using Liquid Nitrogen (LN). Before transferring the seeds into LN, three pre-treatments including Plant Vitrification Solution 2 (PVS2), Desiccation and Glycerol 30% was applied. The treated seeds transferred into LN for period of one week. The seeds removed from the LN, subjected to heat shock (+42 ºC) for 2 minutes, blotted and transferred both onto moist paper in petri dishes and pots, filled with soil and pit moss. The petri dishes and pots, transferred into germinator (+24 ºC) or greenhouse (+20ºC), respectively. Subsequent of cryopreservation period, seed germination and recovery was high, there were no significant differences between cryopreserved and control seeds in germinator and greenhouse conditions. Further more, there were no adverse effect or abnormality observed in seedlings developed from cryopreserved seeds. Results showed that, long-term preservation of E. microtheca seeds under LN (cryopreservation) is promising.
In order to determine the effect of harvest date on yield and quality traits in cocksfoot (Dactyl... more In order to determine the effect of harvest date on yield and quality traits in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), a split plot experiment was conducted using a complete randomized block design with two replications in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran, during 2004-2006. Five domestic genotypes, 10505 (Gorgan), 1773 (Sari), 1053 (Karaj), 1761 (Ormia) and 412 (Ardebil), and three foreign ones, IX (Russia), 1557 (Russia) and 1715 (USA), were sown in sub plots and five phenological stages (vegetative, heading, pollination, milky and dough seed stage) were considered as main plots. The data were collected and analyzed for dry matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP), dry matter digestibility (DMD), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total ash. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was used for estimation of the quality traits. The analysis of variance showed a significant effect of phenological stages on all traits (P≤0.01). The genotypes eff...
For vegetative propagation of Populus caspica an examination was carried out as randomized comple... more For vegetative propagation of Populus caspica an examination was carried out as randomized completely blocks design in Koludeh nursery, Amol, north of Iran. For this purpose 3-bud cuttings, with stock plants provided from stem of 1-year sapling, 1-year sprout of tetard, 1-year branch of tree, and plantation methods of cuttings with 3 buds under ground and 2 buds under ground, were sown in plastic pods filled with loamy-sand soil. Results revealed that cuttings with 3 buds under ground germinated two weeks later than cuttings with 2 buds under ground. Cuttings with stem of 1-year sapling and 1-year branch of tree produced greater germination (60%- 62%) and production efficiency (46%- 48%), but lower survival 60%- 77%), height growth and collar diameter growth compared to cuttings with 1-year sprout of tetard. Cuttings with 2 buds under ground created higher germination rate and lower survival rate than those with 3 buds under ground; however, production efficiency as well as height growth and collar diameter growth was similar in both treatments. From this investigation it can be deduced that stem of 1-year sapling as well as 1-year sprout of tetard is favored for vegetative propagation of Populus caspica. This is while that, 3-bud cuttings either as 1 bud on ground or 3 buds under ground do not change production efficiency, statistically.
Due to Eucalyptuspotential as a fast growing species, its utilization for afforestation and indus... more Due to Eucalyptuspotential as a fast growing species, its utilization for afforestation and industrial and medical purposes is very important. E. maculata Hook. is an important species among the other eucalypts in respect to some chemical components production and medical utilization. Sexual and asexual propagation of this species is difficult, for this reason the trial was conducted to investigate its propagation by tissue culture, using micro mature stocks. The produced explants from the mature stocks, were placed on MS medium (Murashige and Skooge) treated by ½ nitrate and various growth regulators such as Kin (Kinetin), BAP (Benzylamino purine), IBA (Indole-3-acetic acid), 2ip (2-Isopentyladenine), TDZ (Tidiazorun) and NAA (Naphtalen Acetic Acid) at different levels of concentration. After two months, growth indexes, including shoot number, shoot height, root number, root length, bud number and greenness rate were measured and recorded. Results showed that the best shooting trea...
In the current study, some physiological responses of Kochia Prostrata to salinity stress were in... more In the current study, some physiological responses of Kochia Prostrata to salinity stress were investigated. This species is native to Iran and could be used as forage for livestock. Plants were exposed to 0 (control), 50, 100, 150, and 200 mM NaCl. The experimental design was completely randomized design with 4 replications and 5 treatments. To prevent osmotic shock, the treatments were done gradually. After 21 days of the last salinity treatment, the plants were harvested and proline, glycinebetaine, soluble sugars, water potential and relative water content were measured. The result showed that in Kochia Prostrata, with an increase of salinity concentration up to 200 mM NaCl, proline, glycinebetaine and soluble sugars increased. According to the results, this plant tolerates the salinity through the synthesis of proline, soluble sugars and glycinebetaine as the mechanisms of salt tolerance. The high relative water content of the leaf (RWC) up to 150 mM and significant decrease of...
<i>Andricus assarehi</i> Melika &amp; Sadeghi, new species Figs 18–34 <b>Ty... more <i>Andricus assarehi</i> Melika &amp; Sadeghi, new species Figs 18–34 <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE female: IRAN, Kordestan, Bane, XI–XII.2005. <i>Q. infectoria</i>. leg. M. Tavakoli. Lor 156. PARATYPES: 23 females with the same labels as the holotype. The holotype and 5 female paratypes in HNHM; 5 female paratypes in RIFR; 10 female paratypes in SPL; 3 female paratypes in NHML. <b>Other material examined.</b> 10 females and 8 galls with the same labels as the type. <b>Etymology</b>. In honour of Dr. M. Hassan Assareh, deputy director of the Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran. <b>Diagnosis.</b> The species belongs to the <i>Andricus quercuscalicis</i> clade. Most closely resembles <i>Andricus dentimitratus</i> (Rejtö). In <i>A. dentimitratus</i> POL 1.8-1.9 times as long as OOL; OOL 1.5 times as long as the length of the lateral ocellus; the transfacial distance 2.1 times as long as the height of eye; clypeus higher than broad; pedicel subglobose, only very slightly longer than broad; F1 slightly longer than F2, F12=F11; anterior parallel lines extending to 1/3 of the mesoscutum length only; the mesoscutellum rugose; scutellar foveae subovate, only slightly broader than high, with coriaceous bottom; the prominent part of the ventral spine of hypopygium 5.5 times as long as broad. In <i>A. assarehi</i>, <b>new species</b>, POL 2.4 times as long as OOL; OOL only 1.2 times as long as the length of the lateral ocellus; the transfacial distance only 1.4 times as long as the height of eye; clypeus above 2.0 times as broad as high; pedicel nearly 2.0 times as long as broad, F1 1.4 times as long as F2, F12 2.0 times as long as F11; anterior parallel lines extending to the half length of the mesoscutum; the mesoscutellum delicately coriaceous; scutellar foveae transverse, at least 2.0 times as broad as high, with smooth bottom; the prominent part of the ventral spine of the hypopygium less than 5.0 times as long as broad. <b>Description.</b> ASEXUAL FEMALE (holotype). Body rusty brown; head poster [...]
<i>Andricus megatruncicolus</i> Melika, new species Figs 87–104 <b>Type materia... more <i>Andricus megatruncicolus</i> Melika, new species Figs 87–104 <b>Type material.</b> HOLOTYPE female: IRAN, Lorestan, Ghelaei, <i>Q. infectoria</i>, em. XI-XII.2005. leg. M. Tavakoli. Lor. 157. PARATYPES: 24 females: 14 females with the same labels as the holotype; 4 females labelled as " IRAN, Kordestan, Marivan, Q. infectoria. 2003. leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor 123", and 6 females labelled as " IRAN, Lorestan, Ghelaei, Q. infectoria. mid-summer, 2003. leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor 77". The holotype and 5 female paratypes in HNHM; 5 female paratypes in RIFR; 10 female paratypes in SPL; 4 female paratypes in NHML. <b>Other material examined.</b> 36 females labelled as " IRAN, Kordestan, Marivan, Q. infectoria. 2003. leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor123" and 12 females labelled as " IRAN, Kermanshah, Gahvareh, Q. infectoria. mid-summer, leg. M. Tavakoli, Lor95". <b>Etymology</b>. The species name <i>megatruncicolus</i> reflects the close similarity of the adult and asexual generation gall of this species to <i>Andricus truncicolus</i> (Giraud), and the larger size of the gall. <b>Diagnosis.</b> Most closely resembles <i>Andricus truncicolus</i> in which the body is predominantly blackish brown; the head is more or less rounded in front view; OOL 2.5 times as long as length of lateral ocellus and 2.1 times as long as LOL; the diameter of the antennal torulus about 3.7 times as large as the distance between them; the clypeus only slightly broader or as broad as high; F1 1.25 times as long as F2, F2 only slightly longer than F3; the mesoscutum coriaceous anteriorly, reticulate posteriorly, especially in the internotauli area; the median mesoscutal line distinct, in a form of short triangle; the mesoscutellum rounded, very slightly longer than broad, with more delicate sculpture towards the centre of scutellar disk; scutellar foveae nearly rounded, as high as broad, separated by a very narrow, delicately longitudinally striate central carina; anteriorly scutellar foveae nearly reaching one another; the mesopleuron and metapleuron with some dis [...]
One of the serious problems across the world is heavy metal pollution in water bodies that caused... more One of the serious problems across the world is heavy metal pollution in water bodies that caused by Lead (Pb). This study was designed to find out the effect of Pb toxicity on physiological and biochemical changes in three Eucalyptus species (Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., E. microtheca F. Muell and E. occidentalis Endl.).Seeds were grown in marble chips and irrigated with nutrient solution. The seedling (42 days old) were exposed to Pb(NO 3) 2 treatments (Pb:50, 100, 200 mM) for ten months. After this period, leaf, stem and root tissues were harvested. Lead content were determined by ICP-OES and some physiological and morphological characters were determined. The order of Pb accumulation in three species were E. occidentalis> E. camaldulensis> E. microtheca. The concentrations of lead in root tissue were higher than leaf and stem tissue and stem concentration was lower than the concentration of leaf (root Cu>leaf Cu>stem Cu). Tissue concentration increased as Pb incr...
ﺟﻠﺪ 15 ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3 ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ، 230-222) 1386 (ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ و ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ ﻫﺎي... more ﺟﻠﺪ 15 ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3 ﺻﻔﺤﺔ ، 230-222) 1386 (ﻛﻨﻨﺪه ﺗﻨﻈﻴﻢ و ژﻧﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺗﺄﺛﻴﺮ ﺑﺮ رﺷﺪ ﻫﺎي ﻛﺎل زاﻳﻲ در ﻣﺤﻤﺪي ﮔﻞ Rosa damascena Mill. ﺳﻴﺪ ﻋﻘﺪاﻳﻲ ﻃﺒﺎﻳﻲ رﺿﺎ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﺔ و ژﻧﺘﻴﻚ اﻳﺮان ﺟﻨﮕﻠﻲ و ﻣﺮﺗﻌﻲ ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺎن اﺻﻼح ﺟﻠﺪ 15 ، ﺷﻤﺎرة 3 223 Abstract Rosa damascena Mill. as a most important aromatic plants is the best commercial species of the fragrant roses in Iran and many countries. To study callus induction and proliferation in Rosa damascena Mill., axillary buds of five genotypes collected from different parts of Iran was used as explants. These were cultured on MS medium supplemented with growth regulator(s) and solifiled with 0.7% (w/v) agar, at 25±1 °C. Different concentrations of 2,4-D (2, 3 ,4 ,5 ,6 mg/l), IBA (0.1 mg/l), NAA (5 ,10 mg/l), PCPA (3, 5 ,7 ,9 ,10 mg/l) Kinetin (0.1, 1 mg/l) and BAP(1, 2mg/l) were used. Genotypes showed significant differences (P<0.01) for callus induction, Also, highest callus induction was observed i...
ﺟﻠﺪ 13 ﺷﻤﺎر ة 4 ، ﺻﻔﺤﺔ 409-402 ،) 1385 (ﻣﺮﺗﻌﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻛﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺳﻪ در ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘ... more ﺟﻠﺪ 13 ﺷﻤﺎر ة 4 ، ﺻﻔﺤﺔ 409-402 ،) 1385 (ﻣﺮﺗﻌﻲ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ اﻛﻮﺗﻴﭗ ﺳﻪ در ﺷﻮري ﺑﻪ ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺖ وﻳﮋﮔﻴﻬﺎي و ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮات ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ Atriplex verrucifera ﻛﺮﻳﻤﻲ ﻗﺎدر 1 ﻋﺼﺎره ﻣﺤﻤﺪﺣﺴﻦ و 2 ﻓﺼﻠﻨﺎﻣﻪ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎت ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎن و ﻣﺮﺗﻊ ﺟﻠﺪ اﻳﺮان 13 ، ﺷﻤﺎر ة 4 Abstract In this research salt tolerance and physiological characteristics of Atriplex verrucifera ecotypes in Tabriz, Qazvin and Arak rangelands were investigated. This species due to bushy form, salt resistant, proper proteine percent, is one of the native plants and valuable in saline rangelands. These characteristics caused extensive use of this plant in rangelands reformation programs. The aim of this research paying attention to physiological parameters changes of salt resistant species ecotypes. Samples (soil and plant) of Atriplex verrucifera ecotypes were collected from Tabriz, Arak and Qazvin region and were analyzed. The experimental design was completely randomized design with 4 replications and 3 treatmen...
Trees as alive components of an ecosystem are able to convert some of the environment contaminant... more Trees as alive components of an ecosystem are able to convert some of the environment contaminants to unharmful substances and store some of them in their tissues and reduce their density and intensity in the air and soil by breath, root absorption and photosynthesis and other biotic functions. Trees function in such condition is completely related to environmental and habitat circumstances and their physiological potential. At beginning, five research sites at Khuzestan and Bushehr provinces were selected among the contaminated area by the Gulf War. At each site, soil sampling was made from three levels of depth (0-20, 20-40 and 40-60 cm). Soil physical and chemical characteristics test was made to measure nine metal elements and 12 other soil properties. The eucalypt species consisted of: E. camaldulensis, E. camaldulensis 9616, E. microtheca and E. sargentii which were planted under the Randomized Complete Blocks statistical design with three replicates. Before sampling the trees...
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of cryopreservation of Eucalyptus microt... more The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of cryopreservation of Eucalyptus microtheca seeds at -196 ºC, using Liquid Nitrogen (LN). Before transferring the seeds into LN, three pre-treatments including Plant Vitrification Solution 2 (PVS2), Desiccation and Glycerol 30% was applied. The treated seeds transferred into LN for period of one week. The seeds removed from the LN, subjected to heat shock (+42 ºC) for 2 minutes, blotted and transferred both onto moist paper in petri dishes and pots, filled with soil and pit moss. The petri dishes and pots, transferred into germinator (+24 ºC) or greenhouse (+20ºC), respectively. Subsequent of cryopreservation period, seed germination and recovery was high, there were no significant differences between cryopreserved and control seeds in germinator and greenhouse conditions. Further more, there were no adverse effect or abnormality observed in seedlings developed from cryopreserved seeds. Results showed that, long-term preservation of E. microtheca seeds under LN (cryopreservation) is promising.
In order to determine the effect of harvest date on yield and quality traits in cocksfoot (Dactyl... more In order to determine the effect of harvest date on yield and quality traits in cocksfoot (Dactylis glomerata), a split plot experiment was conducted using a complete randomized block design with two replications in Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran, during 2004-2006. Five domestic genotypes, 10505 (Gorgan), 1773 (Sari), 1053 (Karaj), 1761 (Ormia) and 412 (Ardebil), and three foreign ones, IX (Russia), 1557 (Russia) and 1715 (USA), were sown in sub plots and five phenological stages (vegetative, heading, pollination, milky and dough seed stage) were considered as main plots. The data were collected and analyzed for dry matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP), dry matter digestibility (DMD), water-soluble carbohydrates (WSC), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and total ash. Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) was used for estimation of the quality traits. The analysis of variance showed a significant effect of phenological stages on all traits (P≤0.01). The genotypes eff...
For vegetative propagation of Populus caspica an examination was carried out as randomized comple... more For vegetative propagation of Populus caspica an examination was carried out as randomized completely blocks design in Koludeh nursery, Amol, north of Iran. For this purpose 3-bud cuttings, with stock plants provided from stem of 1-year sapling, 1-year sprout of tetard, 1-year branch of tree, and plantation methods of cuttings with 3 buds under ground and 2 buds under ground, were sown in plastic pods filled with loamy-sand soil. Results revealed that cuttings with 3 buds under ground germinated two weeks later than cuttings with 2 buds under ground. Cuttings with stem of 1-year sapling and 1-year branch of tree produced greater germination (60%- 62%) and production efficiency (46%- 48%), but lower survival 60%- 77%), height growth and collar diameter growth compared to cuttings with 1-year sprout of tetard. Cuttings with 2 buds under ground created higher germination rate and lower survival rate than those with 3 buds under ground; however, production efficiency as well as height growth and collar diameter growth was similar in both treatments. From this investigation it can be deduced that stem of 1-year sapling as well as 1-year sprout of tetard is favored for vegetative propagation of Populus caspica. This is while that, 3-bud cuttings either as 1 bud on ground or 3 buds under ground do not change production efficiency, statistically.
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