The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to conside... more The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to consider the value, origin and meaning of textiles especially in child burials. The focus is on the preservation, quality and dyes of burial textiles unearthed at the yard of Oulu Cathedral as well as the clothes of the mummified bodies currently under the floors of northern Finnish churches. The materials consist of textiles of local, Swedish and central European origin. The research methods include visual and microscopic analysis, UHPLC-PDA and SEM-EDX analysis. Textiles of the naturally mummified remains of the children are studied through CT scanning images.
Elias Lönnrot’s professorial uniform sheds new light on the uniform system of the Grand Duchy of ... more Elias Lönnrot’s professorial uniform sheds new light on the uniform system of the Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917). In this article, we combine the perspectives of historical, material and craft studies and examine the materiality of the uniform, focusing on its biography, materials and relation to imperial power.
This article discusses textile fragments that have been found in shipwrecks off the coast of Finl... more This article discusses textile fragments that have been found in shipwrecks off the coast of Finland. The fi nds have been dated to the 13th–18th centuries AD. All samples were researched with visual analysis, but XRF, FTIR, SEM and HPLC was applied to part of the fi nds. The fragments of a woollen 2/1 twill from the Lapuri wreck were here interpreted as the remains of a red ochre treated sail cloth. The fi nds from the Egelskär wreck were interpreted as remains of a sheepskin. Other discussed fi nds are a woollen tabby weave from the Mulan wreck, fragments of a red woollen broadcloth from the Vrouw Maria, and a woollen sock and a silken rococo petticoat with woollen batting from the Sankt Michel. The aim is to shed light on textiles that form an understudied group of Finnish archaeological textile fi nds.
The taphonomy of human remains and associated funerary textiles are inevitably linked. The interp... more The taphonomy of human remains and associated funerary textiles are inevitably linked. The interplay among burial clothes, human remains, insects, rodents, and preservation is explored through study of a group of postmedieval burials in Finland. These burials have been either archaeologically excavated or inventoried beneath wooden church floors. Decay and preserving factors for various conditions are studied, allowing in-depth study of individual garments and identification of the burial season. In addition, research has revealed different factors that have an effect on future preservation of the burials under church floors. La tafonomía de los restos humanos y los tejidos funerarios asociados están inevitablemente vinculados. La interacción entre la ropa funeraria, los restos humanos, los insectos, los roedores y la conservación se explora mediante el estudio de un grupo de entierros posmedievales en Finlandia. Estos entierros han sido excavados arqueológicamente o inventariados d...
Vicar Nikolaus Rungius’s (ca. 1560–1629) mummified remains have been the subject of research that... more Vicar Nikolaus Rungius’s (ca. 1560–1629) mummified remains have been the subject of research that has provided a wide variety of information on his life. This article examines the ways Rungius’s health and lifestyle highlight his status as a vicar, and this status is visible in his burial and funerary clothing. He was a relatively large man for his time. CT scans even include indications of certain conditions related to being overweight. Likewise, stable-isotope analyses of his nail keratin support the hypothesis that he was consuming a rather heavy, protein-rich diet. Given his status as the vicar of Kemi parish in northern Finland, he likely made sumptuous use of the rich local natural resources of fish, game, and domestic animals as part of his regular diet. In addition to his diet and health, the vicar’s high-quality clothes, while fragmentary, also open an avenue to extend the exploration of his social status and wealth.
This dissertation is about Late Iron Age (AD 800 – 1055/1300) woollen, visually colourful textile... more This dissertation is about Late Iron Age (AD 800 – 1055/1300) woollen, visually colourful textile fragments. The aim is to identify the dyeing methods used in Finland during the Late Iron Age and to find the locally used dyestuffs. This dissertation focuses on the archaeological samples from inhumation burials and shipwrecks, which were analysed with visual analysis and microscopy observation. The reference material includes woollen yarns dyed with Finnish traditionally known dye sources. The archaeological samples and the dyed references were analysed chromatographically at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE) and at the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage (KIK-IRPA) in Belgium by HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) and UHPLC (Ultra High performance liquid chromatography). Mordants were analysed at the Nanomicroscopy Center of Aalto University in Finland by SEM-EDX (Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). Experimental ar...
The Late Neolithic Corded Ware Culture (c. 2800–2300 BC) of Northern Europe is characterised by s... more The Late Neolithic Corded Ware Culture (c. 2800–2300 BC) of Northern Europe is characterised by specific sets of grave goods and mortuary practices, but the organic components of these grave sets are poorly represented in the archaeological record. New microscopic analyses of soil samples collected during the 1930s from the Perttulanmäki grave in western Finland have, however, revealed preserved Neolithic animal hairs. Despite mineralisation, the species of animal has been successfully identified and offers the oldest evidence for domestic goat in Neolithic Finland, indicating a pastoral herding economy. The mortuary context of the goat hair also suggests that animals played a significant role in the Corded Ware belief system.
The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to conside... more The 17th-19th-century burial materials from northern Ostrobothnia are studied in order to consider the value, origin and meaning of textiles especially in child burials. The focus is on the preservation, quality and dyes of burial textiles unearthed at the yard of Oulu Cathedral as well as the clothes of the mummified bodies currently under the floors of northern Finnish churches. The materials consist of textiles of local, Swedish and central European origin. The research methods include visual and microscopic analysis, UHPLC-PDA and SEM-EDX analysis. Textiles of the naturally mummified remains of the children are studied through CT scanning images.
Elias Lönnrot’s professorial uniform sheds new light on the uniform system of the Grand Duchy of ... more Elias Lönnrot’s professorial uniform sheds new light on the uniform system of the Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917). In this article, we combine the perspectives of historical, material and craft studies and examine the materiality of the uniform, focusing on its biography, materials and relation to imperial power.
This article discusses textile fragments that have been found in shipwrecks off the coast of Finl... more This article discusses textile fragments that have been found in shipwrecks off the coast of Finland. The fi nds have been dated to the 13th–18th centuries AD. All samples were researched with visual analysis, but XRF, FTIR, SEM and HPLC was applied to part of the fi nds. The fragments of a woollen 2/1 twill from the Lapuri wreck were here interpreted as the remains of a red ochre treated sail cloth. The fi nds from the Egelskär wreck were interpreted as remains of a sheepskin. Other discussed fi nds are a woollen tabby weave from the Mulan wreck, fragments of a red woollen broadcloth from the Vrouw Maria, and a woollen sock and a silken rococo petticoat with woollen batting from the Sankt Michel. The aim is to shed light on textiles that form an understudied group of Finnish archaeological textile fi nds.
The taphonomy of human remains and associated funerary textiles are inevitably linked. The interp... more The taphonomy of human remains and associated funerary textiles are inevitably linked. The interplay among burial clothes, human remains, insects, rodents, and preservation is explored through study of a group of postmedieval burials in Finland. These burials have been either archaeologically excavated or inventoried beneath wooden church floors. Decay and preserving factors for various conditions are studied, allowing in-depth study of individual garments and identification of the burial season. In addition, research has revealed different factors that have an effect on future preservation of the burials under church floors. La tafonomía de los restos humanos y los tejidos funerarios asociados están inevitablemente vinculados. La interacción entre la ropa funeraria, los restos humanos, los insectos, los roedores y la conservación se explora mediante el estudio de un grupo de entierros posmedievales en Finlandia. Estos entierros han sido excavados arqueológicamente o inventariados d...
Vicar Nikolaus Rungius’s (ca. 1560–1629) mummified remains have been the subject of research that... more Vicar Nikolaus Rungius’s (ca. 1560–1629) mummified remains have been the subject of research that has provided a wide variety of information on his life. This article examines the ways Rungius’s health and lifestyle highlight his status as a vicar, and this status is visible in his burial and funerary clothing. He was a relatively large man for his time. CT scans even include indications of certain conditions related to being overweight. Likewise, stable-isotope analyses of his nail keratin support the hypothesis that he was consuming a rather heavy, protein-rich diet. Given his status as the vicar of Kemi parish in northern Finland, he likely made sumptuous use of the rich local natural resources of fish, game, and domestic animals as part of his regular diet. In addition to his diet and health, the vicar’s high-quality clothes, while fragmentary, also open an avenue to extend the exploration of his social status and wealth.
This dissertation is about Late Iron Age (AD 800 – 1055/1300) woollen, visually colourful textile... more This dissertation is about Late Iron Age (AD 800 – 1055/1300) woollen, visually colourful textile fragments. The aim is to identify the dyeing methods used in Finland during the Late Iron Age and to find the locally used dyestuffs. This dissertation focuses on the archaeological samples from inhumation burials and shipwrecks, which were analysed with visual analysis and microscopy observation. The reference material includes woollen yarns dyed with Finnish traditionally known dye sources. The archaeological samples and the dyed references were analysed chromatographically at the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE) and at the Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage (KIK-IRPA) in Belgium by HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) and UHPLC (Ultra High performance liquid chromatography). Mordants were analysed at the Nanomicroscopy Center of Aalto University in Finland by SEM-EDX (Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy). Experimental ar...
The Late Neolithic Corded Ware Culture (c. 2800–2300 BC) of Northern Europe is characterised by s... more The Late Neolithic Corded Ware Culture (c. 2800–2300 BC) of Northern Europe is characterised by specific sets of grave goods and mortuary practices, but the organic components of these grave sets are poorly represented in the archaeological record. New microscopic analyses of soil samples collected during the 1930s from the Perttulanmäki grave in western Finland have, however, revealed preserved Neolithic animal hairs. Despite mineralisation, the species of animal has been successfully identified and offers the oldest evidence for domestic goat in Neolithic Finland, indicating a pastoral herding economy. The mortuary context of the goat hair also suggests that animals played a significant role in the Corded Ware belief system.
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