Papers by Juan Crespo-Barreto
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Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 2021
Introduction The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a longitudinal cohor... more Introduction The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a longitudinal cohort study on tobacco use behavior, attitudes and beliefs, and tobacco-related health outcomes, including biomarkers of tobacco exposure in the U.S. population. In this report we provide a summary of urinary nicotine metabolite measurements among adult users and non-users of tobacco from Wave 1 (2013–2014) of the PATH Study. Methods Total nicotine and its metabolites including cotinine, trans-3′-hydroxycotinine (HCTT), and other minor metabolites were measured in more than 11 500 adult participants by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry methods. Weighted geometric means (GM) and least square means from statistical modeling were calculated for non-users and users of various tobacco products. Results Among daily users, the highest GM concentrations of nicotine, cotinine and HCTT were found in exclusive smokeless tobacco users, and the lowest in exclusive e-cigarette users. Exclusiv...
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Nature, 2008
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Science (New York, N.Y.), Jan 4, 2011
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of ... more Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a translated CAG repeat in Ataxin-1 (ATXN1). To determine the long-term effects of exercise, we implemented a mild exercise regimen in a mouse model of SCA1 and found a considerable improvement in survival accompanied by up-regulation of epidermal growth factor and consequential down-regulation of Capicua, which is an ATXN1 interactor. Offspring of Capicua mutant mice bred to SCA1 mice showed significant improvement of all disease phenotypes. Although polyglutamine-expanded Atxn1 caused some loss of Capicua function, further reduction of Capicua levels--either genetically or by exercise--mitigated the disease phenotypes by dampening the toxic gain of function. Thus, exercise might have long-term beneficial effects in other ataxias and neurodegenerative diseases.
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Developmental Cell, 2011
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PLOS Genetics, Jul 8, 2010
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Science, Nov 4, 2011
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Oct 26, 2005
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Nature, Mar 12, 2008
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Human & Experimental Toxicology, 2016
Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a naturally occurring form of vitamin B3 present in trace amounts i... more Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a naturally occurring form of vitamin B3 present in trace amounts in some foods. Like niacin, it has been shown to be a precursor in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). The safety of Niagen™, a synthetic form of NR, was determined using a bacterial reverse mutagenesis assay (Ames), an in vitro chromosome aberration assay, an in vivo micronucleus assay, and acute, 14-day and 90-day rat toxicology studies. NR was not genotoxic. There was no mortality at an oral dose of 5000 mg/kg. Based on the results of a 14-day study, a 90-day study was performed comparing NR at 300, 1000, and 3000 mg/kg/day to an equimolar dose of nicotinamide at 1260 mg/kg/day as a positive control. Results from the study show that NR had a similar toxicity profile to nicotinamide at the highest dose tested. Target organs of toxicity were liver, kidney, ovaries, and testes. The lowest observed adverse effect level for NR was 1000 mg/kg/day, and the no observe...
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PLoS Genetics, 2010
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Journal of Immunology, Jun 15, 2014
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PLoS ONE, 2013
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Papers by Juan Crespo-Barreto