Les resultats d'une enquete nationale montrent que les taux de grossesses issues d'embryo... more Les resultats d'une enquete nationale montrent que les taux de grossesses issues d'embryons cryoconserves sont globalement faibles (8,5% par transfert) et tres variables d'un centre a l'autre. A partir d'une etude personnelle portant sur 130 transferts, nous discutons les principaux problemes en rapport avec la cryoconservation d'embryons, en tentant de degager les parametres permettant d'optimiser le succes des tentatives
L'objectif de cette etude est d'ameliorer les conditions de culture des oeufs humains fec... more L'objectif de cette etude est d'ameliorer les conditions de culture des oeufs humains fecondes in vitro, au moyen de coculture, afin de differer le moment de leur transfert. La 1 re etape a consiste a cocultiver sur lignee Vero des oeufs fecondes in vitro chez 224 patientes, a partir du stade de l'amphiximie (J1), pour etre transferes a J3. Les resultats ont ete compares a ceux obtenus au cours d'une culture traditionnelle en B2 (n=266) et transfert a J2, les patientes etant reparties aleatoirement dans l'un ou l'autre protocole
Variations of the male partner fertility according to his age are difficult to study, because of ... more Variations of the male partner fertility according to his age are difficult to study, because of bias represented by some decrease of both sexual activity and fecundity of the female partner beyond 35 years old. The few studies which are available show that sperm concentration as percentage of normal forms, are stable with age. The percentage of motility is the only parameter which decreases systematically with age according to all studies. Nevertheless, sperm fertilizing capacity does not seem to be decreased. FIVNAT data allow to analyse almost 30,000 IVF cycles for tubal sterility; they confirm the absence of an important alteration of semen characteristics with age. Despite a significant decrease--even moderate--of the mean fertilization rates, the pregnancy rates remain roughly constant for a given range of maternal age.
Le potentiel fecondant du spermatozoide depend d'un certain nombre de propietes qui lui confe... more Le potentiel fecondant du spermatozoide depend d'un certain nombre de propietes qui lui conferent sa competence fonctionnelle. Afin de comprendre les causes d'echec de la FIV, nous avons etudie quelques-unes de ces proprietes-caracteristiques du mouvement, mobilite hyperactivee (HA) et reaction acrosomique (RA)-des spermes non fecondants (0% de fecondation in vitro) et compare a celles des spermes fecondants (≥50% de fecondation, groupe temoin). L'analyse videomicrographique de la mobilite montre des differences significatives entre les 2 groupes: les mesures des parametres du mouvement et le pourcentage d'hyperactivation sont plus faibles pour le groupe non fecondant
Certaines formes anatomocliniques de l'azoospermie excretoire representent de nouvelles indic... more Certaines formes anatomocliniques de l'azoospermie excretoire representent de nouvelles indications pour la fecondation in vitro avec spermatozoides epididymaires. Quelques succes obtenus en France et en Belgique apres les premieres publications australiennes et americaines encouragent a proposer cette technique aux couples pour lesquels jusqu'alors le seul recours etait le sperme heterogene ou l'adoption
Semi-quantitative estimations of the activities of 65 enzymes were studied for cases of azoosperm... more Semi-quantitative estimations of the activities of 65 enzymes were studied for cases of azoospermia in an attempt to correlate the seminal enzyme profile with the origin of the azoospermia. One single enzyme--alpha-glucosidase--showed variation. All other specificities tested gave identical results for all the azoospermic samples and for normal controls. The alpha-glucosidase activity that is present in normal semen was absent from samples from patients with azoospermia associated with a complete obstruction of the genital tract, and also from all semen samples from vasectomized subjects. This enzyme appears to be secreted by the epididymis, and the activity present in azoospermic semen can provide information concerning the origin of the azoospermia and the functional state of the epididymis. Positive but reduced alpha-glucosidase activity appears to be frequently associated with inflammatory disease. The consequences of these findings are discussed.
Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologie et de ses filiales, 1976
The mean swimming speed of a suspension of human sperms has been estimated by applying a kinetic ... more The mean swimming speed of a suspension of human sperms has been estimated by applying a kinetic theory and using an image analysing computer. This technique allowed the study of the evolution of motility in terms of temperature: the global swimming speed significantly increases from 22 degree C to 31 degrees C, and then remains rather constant. However the percentage increases are very varying according to samples.
The authors carried out a retrospective study of 162 cases of male infertility explored in a hosp... more The authors carried out a retrospective study of 162 cases of male infertility explored in a hospital unit in Lyon, France. Assays of 1 -alpha-1,4-glucosidase (epididymal function marker) backed up by clinical findings were used to select 3 types of epididymal malfunction. 1) There was complete obliteration of the epididymal duct, resulting in azoospermia. This diagnosis was based on both testicular biopsy findings, demonstrating unimpaired spermatogenesis and on the dramatically reduced level of assayed activity ( 40 mIU/ejaculation), as well as on clinical findings. 2) There was anamalous epididymal function combined with moderate oligoasthenozoospermia or normospermia. In these cases, low levels of assayed activity do not parallel fairly high sperm counts (between 20-30 million spermatozoal/ml). 3) There were those cases which were difficult to interpret and which involved severe oligoasthenozoospermia ( 5 million/ml) and reduced level of epididymal marker, suggesting partial blockage of the epididymis due to a focus of infection. Varicoceles were found more frequently among the European population, whereas a history of genital infection was more frequent among the North African population. However, when the various types of abnormality in the spermatogram were related to patient history and epididymal abnormality, no differences were found between the 2 populations. (author's modified)
Les resultats d'une enquete nationale montrent que les taux de grossesses issues d'embryo... more Les resultats d'une enquete nationale montrent que les taux de grossesses issues d'embryons cryoconserves sont globalement faibles (8,5% par transfert) et tres variables d'un centre a l'autre. A partir d'une etude personnelle portant sur 130 transferts, nous discutons les principaux problemes en rapport avec la cryoconservation d'embryons, en tentant de degager les parametres permettant d'optimiser le succes des tentatives
L'objectif de cette etude est d'ameliorer les conditions de culture des oeufs humains fec... more L'objectif de cette etude est d'ameliorer les conditions de culture des oeufs humains fecondes in vitro, au moyen de coculture, afin de differer le moment de leur transfert. La 1 re etape a consiste a cocultiver sur lignee Vero des oeufs fecondes in vitro chez 224 patientes, a partir du stade de l'amphiximie (J1), pour etre transferes a J3. Les resultats ont ete compares a ceux obtenus au cours d'une culture traditionnelle en B2 (n=266) et transfert a J2, les patientes etant reparties aleatoirement dans l'un ou l'autre protocole
Variations of the male partner fertility according to his age are difficult to study, because of ... more Variations of the male partner fertility according to his age are difficult to study, because of bias represented by some decrease of both sexual activity and fecundity of the female partner beyond 35 years old. The few studies which are available show that sperm concentration as percentage of normal forms, are stable with age. The percentage of motility is the only parameter which decreases systematically with age according to all studies. Nevertheless, sperm fertilizing capacity does not seem to be decreased. FIVNAT data allow to analyse almost 30,000 IVF cycles for tubal sterility; they confirm the absence of an important alteration of semen characteristics with age. Despite a significant decrease--even moderate--of the mean fertilization rates, the pregnancy rates remain roughly constant for a given range of maternal age.
Le potentiel fecondant du spermatozoide depend d'un certain nombre de propietes qui lui confe... more Le potentiel fecondant du spermatozoide depend d'un certain nombre de propietes qui lui conferent sa competence fonctionnelle. Afin de comprendre les causes d'echec de la FIV, nous avons etudie quelques-unes de ces proprietes-caracteristiques du mouvement, mobilite hyperactivee (HA) et reaction acrosomique (RA)-des spermes non fecondants (0% de fecondation in vitro) et compare a celles des spermes fecondants (≥50% de fecondation, groupe temoin). L'analyse videomicrographique de la mobilite montre des differences significatives entre les 2 groupes: les mesures des parametres du mouvement et le pourcentage d'hyperactivation sont plus faibles pour le groupe non fecondant
Certaines formes anatomocliniques de l'azoospermie excretoire representent de nouvelles indic... more Certaines formes anatomocliniques de l'azoospermie excretoire representent de nouvelles indications pour la fecondation in vitro avec spermatozoides epididymaires. Quelques succes obtenus en France et en Belgique apres les premieres publications australiennes et americaines encouragent a proposer cette technique aux couples pour lesquels jusqu'alors le seul recours etait le sperme heterogene ou l'adoption
Semi-quantitative estimations of the activities of 65 enzymes were studied for cases of azoosperm... more Semi-quantitative estimations of the activities of 65 enzymes were studied for cases of azoospermia in an attempt to correlate the seminal enzyme profile with the origin of the azoospermia. One single enzyme--alpha-glucosidase--showed variation. All other specificities tested gave identical results for all the azoospermic samples and for normal controls. The alpha-glucosidase activity that is present in normal semen was absent from samples from patients with azoospermia associated with a complete obstruction of the genital tract, and also from all semen samples from vasectomized subjects. This enzyme appears to be secreted by the epididymis, and the activity present in azoospermic semen can provide information concerning the origin of the azoospermia and the functional state of the epididymis. Positive but reduced alpha-glucosidase activity appears to be frequently associated with inflammatory disease. The consequences of these findings are discussed.
Comptes rendus des séances de la Société de biologie et de ses filiales, 1976
The mean swimming speed of a suspension of human sperms has been estimated by applying a kinetic ... more The mean swimming speed of a suspension of human sperms has been estimated by applying a kinetic theory and using an image analysing computer. This technique allowed the study of the evolution of motility in terms of temperature: the global swimming speed significantly increases from 22 degree C to 31 degrees C, and then remains rather constant. However the percentage increases are very varying according to samples.
The authors carried out a retrospective study of 162 cases of male infertility explored in a hosp... more The authors carried out a retrospective study of 162 cases of male infertility explored in a hospital unit in Lyon, France. Assays of 1 -alpha-1,4-glucosidase (epididymal function marker) backed up by clinical findings were used to select 3 types of epididymal malfunction. 1) There was complete obliteration of the epididymal duct, resulting in azoospermia. This diagnosis was based on both testicular biopsy findings, demonstrating unimpaired spermatogenesis and on the dramatically reduced level of assayed activity ( 40 mIU/ejaculation), as well as on clinical findings. 2) There was anamalous epididymal function combined with moderate oligoasthenozoospermia or normospermia. In these cases, low levels of assayed activity do not parallel fairly high sperm counts (between 20-30 million spermatozoal/ml). 3) There were those cases which were difficult to interpret and which involved severe oligoasthenozoospermia ( 5 million/ml) and reduced level of epididymal marker, suggesting partial blockage of the epididymis due to a focus of infection. Varicoceles were found more frequently among the European population, whereas a history of genital infection was more frequent among the North African population. However, when the various types of abnormality in the spermatogram were related to patient history and epididymal abnormality, no differences were found between the 2 populations. (author's modified)
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