Neuronal precursors born in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the neonatal and adult rodent brain ... more Neuronal precursors born in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the neonatal and adult rodent brain migrate 3–8 mm from the walls of the lateral ventricle into the olfactory bulb. This tangentially oriented migration occurs without the guidance of radial glia or axonal processes. The cells move closely associated, forming elongated aggregates called chains, which are ensheathed by astrocytes. We have developed a culture system in which postnatal mouse SVZ neuronal precursors assemble into chains with ultrastructural and immunocytochemical characteristics equivalent to those in vivo but without the astrocytic sheath. Time-lapse videomicrography revealed that individual cells migrate along the chains very rapidly (∼122 μm/hr) in both directions. Periods of cell body translocation were interspersed with stationary periods. This saltatory behavior was similar to radial glia–guided migration but ∼4 times faster. Neuronal precursors isolated from embryonic cortical ventricular zone or cerebellar external granule layer did not form chains under these conditions, suggesting that chain migration is characteristic of SVZ precursors. This study directly demonstrates that SVZ neuronal precursors migrate along each other without the assistance of astrocytes or other cell types. (Additional data are presented in www.cell.com).
Page 1. than the L phase (d*2sC -210 A, d*60oc 170 A). If a match in d spacing is required for th... more Page 1. than the L phase (d*2sC -210 A, d*60oc 170 A). If a match in d spacing is required for the L to Ql3d transition, an even larger mismatch will further inhibit the Lc to Q1a3d transition. We have not observed a direct transition from Lc to Ql3d in any PEO-PEE sample. ...
Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) continue to generate new neurons in the adult ... more Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) continue to generate new neurons in the adult brain. SVZ cells exposed to EGF in culture grow to form neurospheres that are multipotent and self-renewing. We show here that the majority of these EGF-responsive cells are not derived from relatively quiescent stem cells in vivo, but from the highly mitotic, Dlx2(+), transit-amplifying C cells. When exposed to EGF, C cells downregulate Dlx2, arrest neuronal production, and become highly proliferative and invasive. Killing Dlx2(+) cells dramatically reduces the in vivo response to EGF and neurosphere formation in vitro. Furthermore, purified C cells are 53-fold enriched for neurosphere generation. We conclude that transit-amplifying cells retain stem cell competence under the influence of growth factors.
Neuronal precursors born in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the neonatal and adult rodent brain ... more Neuronal precursors born in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the neonatal and adult rodent brain migrate 3–8 mm from the walls of the lateral ventricle into the olfactory bulb. This tangentially oriented migration occurs without the guidance of radial glia or axonal processes. The cells move closely associated, forming elongated aggregates called chains, which are ensheathed by astrocytes. We have developed a culture system in which postnatal mouse SVZ neuronal precursors assemble into chains with ultrastructural and immunocytochemical characteristics equivalent to those in vivo but without the astrocytic sheath. Time-lapse videomicrography revealed that individual cells migrate along the chains very rapidly (∼122 μm/hr) in both directions. Periods of cell body translocation were interspersed with stationary periods. This saltatory behavior was similar to radial glia–guided migration but ∼4 times faster. Neuronal precursors isolated from embryonic cortical ventricular zone or cerebellar external granule layer did not form chains under these conditions, suggesting that chain migration is characteristic of SVZ precursors. This study directly demonstrates that SVZ neuronal precursors migrate along each other without the assistance of astrocytes or other cell types. (Additional data are presented in www.cell.com).
Page 1. than the L phase (d*2sC -210 A, d*60oc 170 A). If a match in d spacing is required for th... more Page 1. than the L phase (d*2sC -210 A, d*60oc 170 A). If a match in d spacing is required for the L to Ql3d transition, an even larger mismatch will further inhibit the Lc to Q1a3d transition. We have not observed a direct transition from Lc to Ql3d in any PEO-PEE sample. ...
Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) continue to generate new neurons in the adult ... more Neural stem cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) continue to generate new neurons in the adult brain. SVZ cells exposed to EGF in culture grow to form neurospheres that are multipotent and self-renewing. We show here that the majority of these EGF-responsive cells are not derived from relatively quiescent stem cells in vivo, but from the highly mitotic, Dlx2(+), transit-amplifying C cells. When exposed to EGF, C cells downregulate Dlx2, arrest neuronal production, and become highly proliferative and invasive. Killing Dlx2(+) cells dramatically reduces the in vivo response to EGF and neurosphere formation in vitro. Furthermore, purified C cells are 53-fold enriched for neurosphere generation. We conclude that transit-amplifying cells retain stem cell competence under the influence of growth factors.
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