Conservation tillage (CT) is an effective tool for maintaining crop productivity under adverse cl... more Conservation tillage (CT) is an effective tool for maintaining crop productivity under adverse climate conditions, while its adoption is conditioned by the possible negative response of crop weed. Research with CT and liming (L) was conducted at different experimental sites on acid soils (ES 1 and ES 2) to determine the maize weediness and yield. The tillage treatments used were ST (conventional tillage), CTD (deep loosening), CTS (shallow loosening), and liming; Ly (CaO) and Ln (no CaO). The weediness assessment was conducted at the V7 and R5 maize growth stages. Weed density (WD), biomass (WB), weed coverage (WC), and species density (WSN) were determined. The highest WD was recorded on ES 2 in V7, and WB, WC, and WSN were significantly higher at CTS in R5 compared to ST. Liming affected the decrease of WD and WC in V7 and WB, WC, and WSN in R5. The average maize yield on ES 2 was 36% higher compared to ES 1. CTS resulted with the highest yield at ES 1, while at ES 2, it was simil...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2007
The research with the goal to reduce inputs in agri cultural production through different soil ti... more The research with the goal to reduce inputs in agri cultural production through different soil tillage systems has been conducted at PIK "Belje", Croatia, Baranya region, in the period of 1998/99-2000/2001 . Five soil tillage treatments were investigated: CT - con ventional tillage, based on the mouldboard ploughin g, DH - multi-pass diskharrowing, CH - diskharrowing + chiselling, RH - single-pass diskharrowing, and NT - no - tillage. For the winter wheat crop production, the highest costs of machine labour have been recorded at CT (319.55 A), and lowest at NT (162.43 A). The highes t profitability threshold was also calculated for t he CT, whereas the lowest profitability threshold was reco rded at the NT. Generally, it can be stated that, a ccording to the achieved profit, the conventional soil tillage is inferior in comparison with all other soil tilla ge treatments, with the achieved profit in the order of CT < NT < CH < DH < RH.
The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems,... more The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, especially in crop rotation with the soybean, both crops gaining importance as food or fodder. Also, productivity of such crop rotation in low nitrogen environment is especially interesting for organic crop growing, where mineral nitrogen fertilization is not allowed. The research on two soil tillage systems, the conventional one, based on mouldboard ploughing (PLOW) and reduced soil tillage, based on discharrowing (DISC), with no other nitrogen source except symbiotic soybean bacterial fixation, was conducted at the experimental site Boksic (Croatia), during the seasons 2004/05 and 2005/06. Results showed low but stable yields of winter barley, between 2.1 and 2.6 t ha-1, where PLOW treatment recorded lower yield than DISC in 2005, and usual soybean yields (between 2.8 and 3.4 t ha-1), with higher soybean grain yields for PLOW only in 2006. The absolute mass and hectolitre mass did not...
Knowledge of the relationship between soil sampling density and spatial autocorrelation with inte... more Knowledge of the relationship between soil sampling density and spatial autocorrelation with interpolation accuracy allows more time- and cost-efficient spatial analysis. Previous studies produced contradictory observations regarding this relationship, and this study aims to determine and explore under which conditions the interpolation accuracy of chemical soil properties is affected. The study area covered 823.4 ha of agricultural land with 160 soil samples containing phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and potassium oxide (K2O) values. The original set was split into eight subsets using a geographically stratified random split method, interpolated using the ordinary kriging (OK) and inverse distance weighted (IDW) methods. OK and IDW achieved similar interpolation accuracy regardless of the soil chemical property and sampling density, contrary to the majority of previous studies which observed the superiority of kriging as a deterministic interpolation method. The primary dependence of i...
Plodnost tla može se procijeniti vrednovanjem njegovih specifičnih funkcija koje kvantificiraju b... more Plodnost tla može se procijeniti vrednovanjem njegovih specifičnih funkcija koje kvantificiraju biljnu produktivnost, a utječu i na okoliš i na zdravlje ljudi. Karlen i sur. (1997.) i Pierce i Larson (1993.) pojednostavljeno definiraju plodnost tla kao njegov „kapacitet za funkcioniranje“, a on može biti degradiran primjenom neodgovarajuće agrotehnike u ratarskoj ili stočarskoj proizvodnji (odsustvo primjene stajnjaka, navodnjavanje vodom loše kakvoće, neadekvatna i pretjerana gnojidba, neadekvatna primjena pesticida, gradskog ili industrijskog otpada ili drugih toksičnih nusprodukata i dr.). Znanstvena procjena produktivnosti tla temelji se na utvrđivanju indikatora plodnosti koji moraju biti osjetljivi, pouzdani, reproducibilni, a dobro detektiraju promjene fizikalnih, kemijskih i bioloških svojstava i procesa u tlu te njihove interakcije (Mausbach i Tugel, 1997.). Konvencionalne metode razvrstavaju tla u bonitetne klase, što je nedovoljno, jer kapacitet produkcije tla zavisi o sl...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2007
The winter barley crop production is not adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, es... more The winter barley crop production is not adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, especially in crop rotation with the soybean, both crops gaining importance as food for the animals. The research at experimental site Boksic (Croatia), during the years 2005 and 2006, showed no difference in yields from conventional tillage, based on mouldboard ploughing, and reduced tillage, based on diskharrowing, in each of six nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1). Regarding N fertilization, yield increase was not significantly higher after applied 90 kg N ha-1. The diskharrowing with 90 kg N ha-1 showed to be the most profitable tillage system.
Effects of soil tillage (CTconventional, SS-subsoiling, CH-chiselling, DH-disk-harrowing and NT-n... more Effects of soil tillage (CTconventional, SS-subsoiling, CH-chiselling, DH-disk-harrowing and NT-no-till) and nitrogen rate (reduced N1, optimal N2 and luxury N3) on yield and yield components of maize and winter wheat in two different agricultural subregions of Croatia (Magadenovac and Cacinci site), were studied in the years 2013–2014 as part of a long-term experiment. Maize yield and yield components were influenced by site properties, tillage and nitrogen treatments. The highest yields and yield components were recorded at the Magadenovac site with N2 and N3. The lowest values of the yield and yield components of maize were recorded on NT and were significantly lower than CT, SS, CH and DH, among which no significant differences were recorded. Winter wheat yield and yield components were affected by site properties and nitrogen rates while soil tillage treatments only had an influence on grain and straw yield and plant height. Winter wheat achieved maximum yield and yield compone...
Biochar, a carbon-rich material, is highlighted to improve soil fertility, simultaneously mitigat... more Biochar, a carbon-rich material, is highlighted to improve soil fertility, simultaneously mitigating climate change by carbon sequestration. Combined with mineral fertilizer, it can increase weediness, the major source of yield loss in agricultural production. Research with biochar was conducted in Eastern Croatia in 2016, with the aim to investigate the influence of biochar and mineral fertilizer on weed infestation and winter wheat yield. Field experiments were set up as a split-plot where biochar (B) was the main factor and fertilization was the sub factor. The main treatments were: B0 (control without biochar), B1-5 t ha−1, B2-10 t ha−1 and B3-15 t ha−1. Fertilization sublevels were F0) without fertilizer and F1) optimal dose of fertilizer. Weediness was determined by counting and measuring aboveground biomass. The treatments with the greatest effect on weediness were B3 and F1 in the winter wheat tillering stage. In the winter wheat ripening stage, treatment B3 obtained the hig...
Sažetak Cilj je utvrditi učinak kalcizacije i gnojidbe mineralnim P na prinos i iznošenje P te na... more Sažetak Cilj je utvrditi učinak kalcizacije i gnojidbe mineralnim P na prinos i iznošenje P te na količinu P u nadzemnim ostacima kupusa. Jednogodišnjim istraživanjem ostvaren je prinos glavice hibrida Quisto 44,7 t ha -1 bez gnojidbe, a 71,7-73,7 t ha -1 uz gnojidbu. Prinos bez gnojidbe dvostruko je niži na alkalnom regosolu nego na lesiviranom tlu. Kalcizacija utječe na povećanje produkcije nadzemne mase. Gnojidba povećava odnošenje P i količinu P u biljnim ostacima. Prinos glavice 42,5 do 73,7 t ha -1 ukupno je iznio 25,5 do 42,8 kg P ha -1 , od čega u listu ostaje 14,8 do 22,7 kg P ha -1 . Analiza bilance P pokazuje da kalcizacija luvisola prema neutralnoj reakciji povećava usvajanje P biljkom kupusa. Ključne riječi: fosfor, iznošenje fosfora, kupus, kalcizacija, mineralna gnojidba, prinos Uvod Racionalna proizvodnja povrća uključuje gnojidbu koja odgovara biljnoj vrsti i plodnosti staništa, statusu hraniva u tlu, a vodi računa i o klimatskim uvjetima, okolišu i realno mogućem p...
The second crop use in organic agriculture is a known method of maintaining the soil tilth, soil ... more The second crop use in organic agriculture is a known method of maintaining the soil tilth, soil protection against environmental deterioration, soil nutrients conservation and even the weed control. The nitrogen conservation from previous leguminose crop is even more important, especially in the organic agriculture where use of N-fertilizers is the strictly forbiden, and second crops can be used as a catch crops for nutrients in rotation prior to the crops with the high N requirement. The choice of the proper second crop has, however, been insufficiently investigated, especially for agri-environmental conditions of the Panonian agricultural area in Croatia. The second crop experiment was established in Valpovo, Croatia, in the eutric brown soil type, during the years 2005 and 2006. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of different second crops and their combinations on maize (Zea mais L.) yield and yield components in organic agriculture after soybean (Glycine m...
Although organic crop production has numerous advantages, concerns about economic sustainability,... more Although organic crop production has numerous advantages, concerns about economic sustainability, both environmental and financial, make farmers reluctant to convert their conventional production into the organic production. Certain agricultural methods, such as second crop use, can alleviate some problems regarding soil tilth, erosion prevention, nutrients availability and weed control, thus contributing toward more sustainable crop production. Also, the added value crop growth, such as maize (Zea mais L.) hybrid's parental line production, with lower yields but higher prices, can contribute to sustainability of organic production. In order to test the hypothesis that the use of second crops can contribute toward the sustainability of organically grown maize after soybean (Glycine max L.) as a previous crop in the crop rotation, the experimental site was established in Valpovo, Croatia, in the eutric brown soil type, during the years 2005 and 2006. The experimental design was s...
Reduced tillage, as well as the most reduced tillage – No-till – every year are becoming more imp... more Reduced tillage, as well as the most reduced tillage – No-till – every year are becoming more important in our region. Unfortunately, the areas under reduced tillage are still very small. In order to establish optimal system of reduced soil tillage, the experimental trials were set on Chernozem soil type in northern Baranja during three vegetation seasons (1998/1999-2000/2001) and five soil tillage systems: CT) Conventional Tillage (primary soil tillage by moldboard ploughing at 30-35 cm depth), DH) Multiple Diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage, CH) Chiseling and diskharrowing (chiseling at 30-35 cm and diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage), PD) One diskharrowing pass (diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage, and NT) Notillage system. The highest yields were recorded at CT with three-year average of 9.29 t/ha, followed by CHwith 8.37 t/ha, DH with 8.07 t/ha, PD with 6.99 t/ha, whereas the lowest yields were recorded at NT treatment, with three-year average of 5....
Unfavorable pH of soil is the main reason for several different problems in debalance of mineral ... more Unfavorable pH of soil is the main reason for several different problems in debalance of mineral nutrition which can cause many problems in plant growth, such as leaves and fruit chlorosis and necrosis, etc. Therefore, liming as a measure for improving amount of acids soils must be conducted very carefully, with detail chemical soil analyses. This paper presents a segment of computer model for liming recommendation at the example of Osijek-Baranya County. Results of liming recommendation were obtained by geostatistical interpolation method – kriging. Totals of 9023 soil samples were analyzed in the period 2003–2007. The substitution acidity average was 5.49 (minimum 3.41 to maximum 8.20). Kriging shown that 241 379 ha (58.3%) area of Osijek-Baranya County were acids soil. Therefore 90 593 ha have substitution acidity lower than 4.5 and 150 786 ha have pH International Symposium on Soil and Plant Analysis: Soil, Plant and Water Analysis: Quality Analytical Tools for an Era of Ecologi...
The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems,... more The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, especially in crop rotation with the soybean, both crops gaining importance as food or fodder. Also, productivity of such crop rotation in low nitrogen environment is especially interesting for organic crop growing, where mineral nitrogen fertilization is not allowed. The research on two soil tillage systems, the conventional one, based on mouldboard ploughing (PLOW) and reduced soil tillage, based on discharrowing (DISC), with no other nitrogen source except symbiotic soybean bacterial fixation, was conducted at the experimental site Bokšić (Croatia), during the seasons 2004/05 and 2005/06. Results showed low but stable yields of winter barley, between 2.1 and 2.6 t ha-1, where PLOW treatment recorded lower yield than DISC in 2005, and usual soybean yields (between 2.8 and 3.4 t ha-1), with higher soybean grain yields for PLOW only in 2006. The absolute mass and hectolitre mass did not...
The negative trend of soil degradation process increases with intensive agricultural production. ... more The negative trend of soil degradation process increases with intensive agricultural production. Therefore, there is a need for soil conditioning like liming, humification, fertilization, etc. to improve soil quality. One of the major problems that occur on agricultural soils of Croatia is acidification. A downward trend of soil pH is mainly present in soils of poor structure with intensive agricultural production. In agricultural practice liming often needs to rely only on the pH value, without determining the hydrolytic acidity, CEC or soil texture. Due to the above mentioned facts, calculation of liming for Osijek-Baranja County was conducted with the help of ALRxp calculator, which takes CEC, soil pH in KCl, hydrolytic acidity, bulk density of soil, soil textural class and depth of the plow layer to 30 cm into account. Low soil pH values have a great influence on soil suitability for crops as well as on the deficit of calcium and magnesium. All of these lead to the degradation o...
... Irena JUG -Danijel JUG -Vesna VUKADINOVIC -Bojan STIPESEVIC -Blazenka BERTIC University JJ St... more ... Irena JUG -Danijel JUG -Vesna VUKADINOVIC -Bojan STIPESEVIC -Blazenka BERTIC University JJ Strossmayer in Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3 HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; e-mail: ijug@pfos.hr ... 363-369 Szundy, T. Pók, I. Marton, LC : 2005. ...
Conservation tillage (CT) is an effective tool for maintaining crop productivity under adverse cl... more Conservation tillage (CT) is an effective tool for maintaining crop productivity under adverse climate conditions, while its adoption is conditioned by the possible negative response of crop weed. Research with CT and liming (L) was conducted at different experimental sites on acid soils (ES 1 and ES 2) to determine the maize weediness and yield. The tillage treatments used were ST (conventional tillage), CTD (deep loosening), CTS (shallow loosening), and liming; Ly (CaO) and Ln (no CaO). The weediness assessment was conducted at the V7 and R5 maize growth stages. Weed density (WD), biomass (WB), weed coverage (WC), and species density (WSN) were determined. The highest WD was recorded on ES 2 in V7, and WB, WC, and WSN were significantly higher at CTS in R5 compared to ST. Liming affected the decrease of WD and WC in V7 and WB, WC, and WSN in R5. The average maize yield on ES 2 was 36% higher compared to ES 1. CTS resulted with the highest yield at ES 1, while at ES 2, it was simil...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2007
The research with the goal to reduce inputs in agri cultural production through different soil ti... more The research with the goal to reduce inputs in agri cultural production through different soil tillage systems has been conducted at PIK "Belje", Croatia, Baranya region, in the period of 1998/99-2000/2001 . Five soil tillage treatments were investigated: CT - con ventional tillage, based on the mouldboard ploughin g, DH - multi-pass diskharrowing, CH - diskharrowing + chiselling, RH - single-pass diskharrowing, and NT - no - tillage. For the winter wheat crop production, the highest costs of machine labour have been recorded at CT (319.55 A), and lowest at NT (162.43 A). The highes t profitability threshold was also calculated for t he CT, whereas the lowest profitability threshold was reco rded at the NT. Generally, it can be stated that, a ccording to the achieved profit, the conventional soil tillage is inferior in comparison with all other soil tilla ge treatments, with the achieved profit in the order of CT < NT < CH < DH < RH.
The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems,... more The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, especially in crop rotation with the soybean, both crops gaining importance as food or fodder. Also, productivity of such crop rotation in low nitrogen environment is especially interesting for organic crop growing, where mineral nitrogen fertilization is not allowed. The research on two soil tillage systems, the conventional one, based on mouldboard ploughing (PLOW) and reduced soil tillage, based on discharrowing (DISC), with no other nitrogen source except symbiotic soybean bacterial fixation, was conducted at the experimental site Boksic (Croatia), during the seasons 2004/05 and 2005/06. Results showed low but stable yields of winter barley, between 2.1 and 2.6 t ha-1, where PLOW treatment recorded lower yield than DISC in 2005, and usual soybean yields (between 2.8 and 3.4 t ha-1), with higher soybean grain yields for PLOW only in 2006. The absolute mass and hectolitre mass did not...
Knowledge of the relationship between soil sampling density and spatial autocorrelation with inte... more Knowledge of the relationship between soil sampling density and spatial autocorrelation with interpolation accuracy allows more time- and cost-efficient spatial analysis. Previous studies produced contradictory observations regarding this relationship, and this study aims to determine and explore under which conditions the interpolation accuracy of chemical soil properties is affected. The study area covered 823.4 ha of agricultural land with 160 soil samples containing phosphorus pentoxide (P2O5) and potassium oxide (K2O) values. The original set was split into eight subsets using a geographically stratified random split method, interpolated using the ordinary kriging (OK) and inverse distance weighted (IDW) methods. OK and IDW achieved similar interpolation accuracy regardless of the soil chemical property and sampling density, contrary to the majority of previous studies which observed the superiority of kriging as a deterministic interpolation method. The primary dependence of i...
Plodnost tla može se procijeniti vrednovanjem njegovih specifičnih funkcija koje kvantificiraju b... more Plodnost tla može se procijeniti vrednovanjem njegovih specifičnih funkcija koje kvantificiraju biljnu produktivnost, a utječu i na okoliš i na zdravlje ljudi. Karlen i sur. (1997.) i Pierce i Larson (1993.) pojednostavljeno definiraju plodnost tla kao njegov „kapacitet za funkcioniranje“, a on može biti degradiran primjenom neodgovarajuće agrotehnike u ratarskoj ili stočarskoj proizvodnji (odsustvo primjene stajnjaka, navodnjavanje vodom loše kakvoće, neadekvatna i pretjerana gnojidba, neadekvatna primjena pesticida, gradskog ili industrijskog otpada ili drugih toksičnih nusprodukata i dr.). Znanstvena procjena produktivnosti tla temelji se na utvrđivanju indikatora plodnosti koji moraju biti osjetljivi, pouzdani, reproducibilni, a dobro detektiraju promjene fizikalnih, kemijskih i bioloških svojstava i procesa u tlu te njihove interakcije (Mausbach i Tugel, 1997.). Konvencionalne metode razvrstavaju tla u bonitetne klase, što je nedovoljno, jer kapacitet produkcije tla zavisi o sl...
Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca: Horticulture, 2007
The winter barley crop production is not adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, es... more The winter barley crop production is not adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, especially in crop rotation with the soybean, both crops gaining importance as food for the animals. The research at experimental site Boksic (Croatia), during the years 2005 and 2006, showed no difference in yields from conventional tillage, based on mouldboard ploughing, and reduced tillage, based on diskharrowing, in each of six nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1). Regarding N fertilization, yield increase was not significantly higher after applied 90 kg N ha-1. The diskharrowing with 90 kg N ha-1 showed to be the most profitable tillage system.
Effects of soil tillage (CTconventional, SS-subsoiling, CH-chiselling, DH-disk-harrowing and NT-n... more Effects of soil tillage (CTconventional, SS-subsoiling, CH-chiselling, DH-disk-harrowing and NT-no-till) and nitrogen rate (reduced N1, optimal N2 and luxury N3) on yield and yield components of maize and winter wheat in two different agricultural subregions of Croatia (Magadenovac and Cacinci site), were studied in the years 2013–2014 as part of a long-term experiment. Maize yield and yield components were influenced by site properties, tillage and nitrogen treatments. The highest yields and yield components were recorded at the Magadenovac site with N2 and N3. The lowest values of the yield and yield components of maize were recorded on NT and were significantly lower than CT, SS, CH and DH, among which no significant differences were recorded. Winter wheat yield and yield components were affected by site properties and nitrogen rates while soil tillage treatments only had an influence on grain and straw yield and plant height. Winter wheat achieved maximum yield and yield compone...
Biochar, a carbon-rich material, is highlighted to improve soil fertility, simultaneously mitigat... more Biochar, a carbon-rich material, is highlighted to improve soil fertility, simultaneously mitigating climate change by carbon sequestration. Combined with mineral fertilizer, it can increase weediness, the major source of yield loss in agricultural production. Research with biochar was conducted in Eastern Croatia in 2016, with the aim to investigate the influence of biochar and mineral fertilizer on weed infestation and winter wheat yield. Field experiments were set up as a split-plot where biochar (B) was the main factor and fertilization was the sub factor. The main treatments were: B0 (control without biochar), B1-5 t ha−1, B2-10 t ha−1 and B3-15 t ha−1. Fertilization sublevels were F0) without fertilizer and F1) optimal dose of fertilizer. Weediness was determined by counting and measuring aboveground biomass. The treatments with the greatest effect on weediness were B3 and F1 in the winter wheat tillering stage. In the winter wheat ripening stage, treatment B3 obtained the hig...
Sažetak Cilj je utvrditi učinak kalcizacije i gnojidbe mineralnim P na prinos i iznošenje P te na... more Sažetak Cilj je utvrditi učinak kalcizacije i gnojidbe mineralnim P na prinos i iznošenje P te na količinu P u nadzemnim ostacima kupusa. Jednogodišnjim istraživanjem ostvaren je prinos glavice hibrida Quisto 44,7 t ha -1 bez gnojidbe, a 71,7-73,7 t ha -1 uz gnojidbu. Prinos bez gnojidbe dvostruko je niži na alkalnom regosolu nego na lesiviranom tlu. Kalcizacija utječe na povećanje produkcije nadzemne mase. Gnojidba povećava odnošenje P i količinu P u biljnim ostacima. Prinos glavice 42,5 do 73,7 t ha -1 ukupno je iznio 25,5 do 42,8 kg P ha -1 , od čega u listu ostaje 14,8 do 22,7 kg P ha -1 . Analiza bilance P pokazuje da kalcizacija luvisola prema neutralnoj reakciji povećava usvajanje P biljkom kupusa. Ključne riječi: fosfor, iznošenje fosfora, kupus, kalcizacija, mineralna gnojidba, prinos Uvod Racionalna proizvodnja povrća uključuje gnojidbu koja odgovara biljnoj vrsti i plodnosti staništa, statusu hraniva u tlu, a vodi računa i o klimatskim uvjetima, okolišu i realno mogućem p...
The second crop use in organic agriculture is a known method of maintaining the soil tilth, soil ... more The second crop use in organic agriculture is a known method of maintaining the soil tilth, soil protection against environmental deterioration, soil nutrients conservation and even the weed control. The nitrogen conservation from previous leguminose crop is even more important, especially in the organic agriculture where use of N-fertilizers is the strictly forbiden, and second crops can be used as a catch crops for nutrients in rotation prior to the crops with the high N requirement. The choice of the proper second crop has, however, been insufficiently investigated, especially for agri-environmental conditions of the Panonian agricultural area in Croatia. The second crop experiment was established in Valpovo, Croatia, in the eutric brown soil type, during the years 2005 and 2006. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the effects of different second crops and their combinations on maize (Zea mais L.) yield and yield components in organic agriculture after soybean (Glycine m...
Although organic crop production has numerous advantages, concerns about economic sustainability,... more Although organic crop production has numerous advantages, concerns about economic sustainability, both environmental and financial, make farmers reluctant to convert their conventional production into the organic production. Certain agricultural methods, such as second crop use, can alleviate some problems regarding soil tilth, erosion prevention, nutrients availability and weed control, thus contributing toward more sustainable crop production. Also, the added value crop growth, such as maize (Zea mais L.) hybrid's parental line production, with lower yields but higher prices, can contribute to sustainability of organic production. In order to test the hypothesis that the use of second crops can contribute toward the sustainability of organically grown maize after soybean (Glycine max L.) as a previous crop in the crop rotation, the experimental site was established in Valpovo, Croatia, in the eutric brown soil type, during the years 2005 and 2006. The experimental design was s...
Reduced tillage, as well as the most reduced tillage – No-till – every year are becoming more imp... more Reduced tillage, as well as the most reduced tillage – No-till – every year are becoming more important in our region. Unfortunately, the areas under reduced tillage are still very small. In order to establish optimal system of reduced soil tillage, the experimental trials were set on Chernozem soil type in northern Baranja during three vegetation seasons (1998/1999-2000/2001) and five soil tillage systems: CT) Conventional Tillage (primary soil tillage by moldboard ploughing at 30-35 cm depth), DH) Multiple Diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage, CH) Chiseling and diskharrowing (chiseling at 30-35 cm and diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage), PD) One diskharrowing pass (diskharrowing at 10-15 cm as primary tillage, and NT) Notillage system. The highest yields were recorded at CT with three-year average of 9.29 t/ha, followed by CHwith 8.37 t/ha, DH with 8.07 t/ha, PD with 6.99 t/ha, whereas the lowest yields were recorded at NT treatment, with three-year average of 5....
Unfavorable pH of soil is the main reason for several different problems in debalance of mineral ... more Unfavorable pH of soil is the main reason for several different problems in debalance of mineral nutrition which can cause many problems in plant growth, such as leaves and fruit chlorosis and necrosis, etc. Therefore, liming as a measure for improving amount of acids soils must be conducted very carefully, with detail chemical soil analyses. This paper presents a segment of computer model for liming recommendation at the example of Osijek-Baranya County. Results of liming recommendation were obtained by geostatistical interpolation method – kriging. Totals of 9023 soil samples were analyzed in the period 2003–2007. The substitution acidity average was 5.49 (minimum 3.41 to maximum 8.20). Kriging shown that 241 379 ha (58.3%) area of Osijek-Baranya County were acids soil. Therefore 90 593 ha have substitution acidity lower than 4.5 and 150 786 ha have pH International Symposium on Soil and Plant Analysis: Soil, Plant and Water Analysis: Quality Analytical Tools for an Era of Ecologi...
The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems,... more The winter barley crop growing has not been adequately researched regarding soil tillage systems, especially in crop rotation with the soybean, both crops gaining importance as food or fodder. Also, productivity of such crop rotation in low nitrogen environment is especially interesting for organic crop growing, where mineral nitrogen fertilization is not allowed. The research on two soil tillage systems, the conventional one, based on mouldboard ploughing (PLOW) and reduced soil tillage, based on discharrowing (DISC), with no other nitrogen source except symbiotic soybean bacterial fixation, was conducted at the experimental site Bokšić (Croatia), during the seasons 2004/05 and 2005/06. Results showed low but stable yields of winter barley, between 2.1 and 2.6 t ha-1, where PLOW treatment recorded lower yield than DISC in 2005, and usual soybean yields (between 2.8 and 3.4 t ha-1), with higher soybean grain yields for PLOW only in 2006. The absolute mass and hectolitre mass did not...
The negative trend of soil degradation process increases with intensive agricultural production. ... more The negative trend of soil degradation process increases with intensive agricultural production. Therefore, there is a need for soil conditioning like liming, humification, fertilization, etc. to improve soil quality. One of the major problems that occur on agricultural soils of Croatia is acidification. A downward trend of soil pH is mainly present in soils of poor structure with intensive agricultural production. In agricultural practice liming often needs to rely only on the pH value, without determining the hydrolytic acidity, CEC or soil texture. Due to the above mentioned facts, calculation of liming for Osijek-Baranja County was conducted with the help of ALRxp calculator, which takes CEC, soil pH in KCl, hydrolytic acidity, bulk density of soil, soil textural class and depth of the plow layer to 30 cm into account. Low soil pH values have a great influence on soil suitability for crops as well as on the deficit of calcium and magnesium. All of these lead to the degradation o...
... Irena JUG -Danijel JUG -Vesna VUKADINOVIC -Bojan STIPESEVIC -Blazenka BERTIC University JJ St... more ... Irena JUG -Danijel JUG -Vesna VUKADINOVIC -Bojan STIPESEVIC -Blazenka BERTIC University JJ Strossmayer in Osijek, Faculty of Agriculture, Trg Svetog Trojstva 3 HR-31000 Osijek, Croatia; e-mail: ijug@pfos.hr ... 363-369 Szundy, T. Pók, I. Marton, LC : 2005. ...
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