Abstract The occurrence of emerging organic pollutants (EOPs) in the aquatic environment originat... more Abstract The occurrence of emerging organic pollutants (EOPs) in the aquatic environment originating from point and diffuse sources, has been the subject of global apprehension in the recent years. These groups of compounds include pharmaceuticals, industrial products/by-products, personal care products and pesticides, which demonstrated pseudo-persistence conduct, resistance to degradation and frequent entrance into the environment through wastewater. The effective removal of EOPs from industrial wastewater and sewage represents one strategic procedure that could diminish their intrinsic environmental impacts. For this purpose, the advanced oxidation treatment using heterogeneous photocatalysts under light irradiation is consistently argued to show potential as economically viable and commercially feasible technology. Remarkably, for the efficient degradation of EOPs, nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) containing materials have been favoured because of their anticipated combination of unique electronic structure, impressive light absorption properties, prolonged excited-state lifetimes and enhanced charge transport features. This review first highlights the research efforts associated with the manifestation and toxicity of EOPs in the environment. Subsequently, the treatment technologies that have been utilized in the literature for the removal of EOPs from aqueous media are summarized. Background information on the fundamental principles of light-driven catalytic activity at the surface of semiconductors is also presented. Next, a systematic survey of the latest progress in the development of TiO2 photocatalystsfor the degradation of EOPs is elaborated. The contribution of TiO2 photocatalysis in hybrid advanced oxidation procedures is also discussed. Notwithstanding the scientific efforts toward the minimization of wastewater generation, specific waste conditioning, and important information regarding cost, and benefits, as well as the scale-up of the treatment procedure are required to complement the advanced oxidative processes (AOPs).
Important physico-chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) can be manipulated by adjusting the ... more Important physico-chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) can be manipulated by adjusting the nature of the cation or anion.
Abstract Experimental data of densities, dynamic viscosities, at 293.15, and 303.15 K as well as ... more Abstract Experimental data of densities, dynamic viscosities, at 293.15, and 303.15 K as well as refractive indices at 293.15, 303.15, 313.15 and 323.15 K were measured for the binary systems of 2-methyl-2-butanol and petroleum ether. Computed data from experiment for deviations in viscosity, excess molar volume, excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow and deviation in molar refractive indices were correlated with the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. Grundberg-Nissan interaction constant ( d′ ), Hind, Frenkel and a modified Kendall-Monroe equation ( E η m ) were determined quantitatively. Deviation in viscosity (Δ η ) were both negative and positive while Excess molar volume ( V E ), excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow (Δ G * E ) and deviation in refractive index (Δ n D ) were all positive. These results have been interpreted on the basis of associative and disruptive intermolecular interactions between molecules of 2-methyl-2-butanol and petroleum ether.
The thermophysical properties of a series of alkyl imidazolium-based ionic liquids with acetophen... more The thermophysical properties of a series of alkyl imidazolium-based ionic liquids with acetophenone over the wide range of composition and at (293.15, 303.15, 313.15, 323.5 and 333.15) K under atmospheric pressure is reported in this study.
The objective of present study was to develop an optimized polymeric nanoparticle system for the ... more The objective of present study was to develop an optimized polymeric nanoparticle system for the antiretroviral drug tenofovir. A modified nanoprecipitation method was used to prepare Eudragit RS PO nanoparticles of the drug. The effect of amount of polymer, surfactant concentration, and sonication time on particle size, particle distribution, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and zeta potential were assessed and optimized utilizing a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of experiment. Fifteen formulations of nanoparticles were prepared as per BBD and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), EE, and zeta potential. The results showed that the measured mean particle sizes were in the range of 233 to 499 nm, PDI ranged from 0.094 to 0.153, average zeta potential ranged from −19.9 to −45.8 mV, and EE ranged between 98 and 99%. The optimized formulation was characterized forin vitrodrug release and structural characterization. The mean particle size of this fo...
Abstract The occurrence of emerging organic pollutants (EOPs) in the aquatic environment originat... more Abstract The occurrence of emerging organic pollutants (EOPs) in the aquatic environment originating from point and diffuse sources, has been the subject of global apprehension in the recent years. These groups of compounds include pharmaceuticals, industrial products/by-products, personal care products and pesticides, which demonstrated pseudo-persistence conduct, resistance to degradation and frequent entrance into the environment through wastewater. The effective removal of EOPs from industrial wastewater and sewage represents one strategic procedure that could diminish their intrinsic environmental impacts. For this purpose, the advanced oxidation treatment using heterogeneous photocatalysts under light irradiation is consistently argued to show potential as economically viable and commercially feasible technology. Remarkably, for the efficient degradation of EOPs, nanostructured titanium dioxide (TiO2) containing materials have been favoured because of their anticipated combination of unique electronic structure, impressive light absorption properties, prolonged excited-state lifetimes and enhanced charge transport features. This review first highlights the research efforts associated with the manifestation and toxicity of EOPs in the environment. Subsequently, the treatment technologies that have been utilized in the literature for the removal of EOPs from aqueous media are summarized. Background information on the fundamental principles of light-driven catalytic activity at the surface of semiconductors is also presented. Next, a systematic survey of the latest progress in the development of TiO2 photocatalystsfor the degradation of EOPs is elaborated. The contribution of TiO2 photocatalysis in hybrid advanced oxidation procedures is also discussed. Notwithstanding the scientific efforts toward the minimization of wastewater generation, specific waste conditioning, and important information regarding cost, and benefits, as well as the scale-up of the treatment procedure are required to complement the advanced oxidative processes (AOPs).
Important physico-chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) can be manipulated by adjusting the ... more Important physico-chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs) can be manipulated by adjusting the nature of the cation or anion.
Abstract Experimental data of densities, dynamic viscosities, at 293.15, and 303.15 K as well as ... more Abstract Experimental data of densities, dynamic viscosities, at 293.15, and 303.15 K as well as refractive indices at 293.15, 303.15, 313.15 and 323.15 K were measured for the binary systems of 2-methyl-2-butanol and petroleum ether. Computed data from experiment for deviations in viscosity, excess molar volume, excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow and deviation in molar refractive indices were correlated with the Redlich-Kister polynomial equation. Grundberg-Nissan interaction constant ( d′ ), Hind, Frenkel and a modified Kendall-Monroe equation ( E η m ) were determined quantitatively. Deviation in viscosity (Δ η ) were both negative and positive while Excess molar volume ( V E ), excess Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow (Δ G * E ) and deviation in refractive index (Δ n D ) were all positive. These results have been interpreted on the basis of associative and disruptive intermolecular interactions between molecules of 2-methyl-2-butanol and petroleum ether.
The thermophysical properties of a series of alkyl imidazolium-based ionic liquids with acetophen... more The thermophysical properties of a series of alkyl imidazolium-based ionic liquids with acetophenone over the wide range of composition and at (293.15, 303.15, 313.15, 323.5 and 333.15) K under atmospheric pressure is reported in this study.
The objective of present study was to develop an optimized polymeric nanoparticle system for the ... more The objective of present study was to develop an optimized polymeric nanoparticle system for the antiretroviral drug tenofovir. A modified nanoprecipitation method was used to prepare Eudragit RS PO nanoparticles of the drug. The effect of amount of polymer, surfactant concentration, and sonication time on particle size, particle distribution, encapsulation efficiency (EE), and zeta potential were assessed and optimized utilizing a three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken Design (BBD) of experiment. Fifteen formulations of nanoparticles were prepared as per BBD and evaluated for particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), EE, and zeta potential. The results showed that the measured mean particle sizes were in the range of 233 to 499 nm, PDI ranged from 0.094 to 0.153, average zeta potential ranged from −19.9 to −45.8 mV, and EE ranged between 98 and 99%. The optimized formulation was characterized forin vitrodrug release and structural characterization. The mean particle size of this fo...
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Papers by Indra Bahadur