Aims To compare risks of early postpartum diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese women with and with... more Aims To compare risks of early postpartum diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy Subjects and methods Tianjin GDM observational study included 1263 women with a history of GDM and 705 women without GDM who participated in the urban GDM universal screening survey by using World Health Organization's criteria. Postpartum diabetes and prediabetes were identified after a standard oral glucose tolerance test. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess risks of postpartum diabetes and prediabetes between women with and without GDM. Results During a mean follow-up of 3.53 years postpartum, 90 incident cases of diabetes and 599 incident cases of prediabetes were identified. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios among women with prior GDM, compared with those without it, were 76.1 (95% CI 23.6-246) for diabetes, and 25.4 (95% CI 18.2-35.3) for prediabetes. When the mean follow-up extended to 4.40 years, 1...
To report the weight loss findings after the first year of a lifestyle intervention trial among w... more To report the weight loss findings after the first year of a lifestyle intervention trial among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 1180 women with GDM were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive a 4-year lifestyle intervention (intervention group, n = 586) or standard care (control group, n = 594) between August 2009 and July 2011. Major elements of the intervention included 6 face-to-face sessions with study dieticians and two telephone calls in the first year, and two individual sessions and two telephone calls in each subsequent year. Among 79% of participants who completed the year 1 trial, mean weight loss was 0.82 kg (1.12% of initial weight) in the intervention group and 0.09 kg (0.03% of initial weight) in the control group (P = .001). In a prespecified subgroup analysis of people who completed the trial, weight loss was more pronounced in women who were overweight (body mass index ≥24 kg/m) at baseline: mean weight loss 2.01 kg (2.87% of initial weight) ...
Diabetes research and clinical practice, Jan 6, 2017
To assess the association of uric acid (UA) with the risks of postpartum type 2 diabetes and pred... more To assess the association of uric acid (UA) with the risks of postpartum type 2 diabetes and prediabetes among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We performed a cross-sectional study of 1262 GDM women at 1-5 years after delivery using the baseline data from the Tianjin Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Program. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of serum UA with the risks of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) across quartiles of serum UA were 1.00, 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-2.78), 2.05 (95% CI 0.96-4.39), and 3.17 (95% CI 1.54-6.55) (Ptrend<0.001) for type 2 diabetes, and 1.00, 1.50 (95% CI 1.03-2.19), 2.28 (95% CI 1.58-3.30), and 2.88 (95% CI 1.99-4.17) (Ptrend<0.001) for prediabetes, respectively. Restricted cubic splines models showed positive linear associations of serum UA as a continuous variable with the risks of type 2 diabetes and predia...
Journal of diabetes and its complications, Jan 17, 2017
To examine the association of connecting peptide (C-peptide) and the risks of postpartum diabetes... more To examine the association of connecting peptide (C-peptide) and the risks of postpartum diabetes and pre-diabetes among women with prior gestational diabetes. A cross-sectional study of 1263 women with prior gestational diabetes was carried out at 1-5years after delivery in Tianjin, China. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations of C-peptide and the risks of diabetes and pre-diabetes. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios based on different levels of C-peptide (0-33%, 34-66%, 67-90%, and >90% as C-peptide cutpoints) were 1.00, 1.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-4.39), 2.49 (95% CI 1.06-5.87), and 3.88 (95% CI 1.35-11.1) for diabetes (P for trend <0.0001), and 1.00, 1.66 (95% CI 1.18-2.36), 2.38 (95% CI 1.56-3.62) and 2.35 (95% CI 1.27-4.37) for pre-diabetes (P for trend <0.0001), respectively. Restricted cubic splines models showed a positive linear association of C-peptide as a continuous variable with the risks of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes. T...
To examine the joint association of birth weight and physical activity/sedentary time with childh... more To examine the joint association of birth weight and physical activity/sedentary time with childhood obesity in 12 countries. A cross-sectional study of 5,088 children aged 9 to 11 years was conducted. Birth weight was recalled by parents or guardians. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior were objectively measured using accelerometry. The association of birth weight with the odds of obesity, central obesity, and high body fat was significant among children with either low MVPA or high sedentary time but not among children with either high MVPA or low sedentary time. In comparison with children with normal birth weight and high MVPA, children with high birth weight and low MVPA showed 4.48- to 5.18-fold higher odds of obesity, central obesity, and high body fat; children with normal birth weight and low MVPA showed 3.00- to 3.30-fold higher odds of obesity, central obesity, and high body fat, and children with high birth weight and high MVPA showed 1.1...
We investigated the association of physical activity, TV watching time, sleeping time with the ri... more We investigated the association of physical activity, TV watching time, sleeping time with the risks of obesity and hyperglycemia among 1263 offspring aged 1-5 years of mothers with gestational diabetes (GDM) in a cross-sectional study. Logistic regression models were used to obtain the odd ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of childhood obesity and hyperglycemia associated with different levels of indoor activity, outdoor activity, TV watching, and sleeping time. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of obesity based on different levels of TV watching time (0, <1.0, and ≥1.0 hour/day) were 1.00, 1.21 (95% CI 0.72-2.05), and 2.20 (95% CI 1.33-3.63) (Ptrend = 0.003), respectively. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of hyperglycemia based on different levels of indoor activity (<5.0, 5.0-6.9, and ≥7.0 hours/day) were 1.00, 0.74 (95% CI 0.45-1.21), and 0.49 (95% CI 0.28-0.84) (Ptrend = 0.034), respectively. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of hyperglycemia associated with different ...
The association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the risk of mortality amo... more The association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the risk of mortality among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) is complex and still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eGFR on the risk prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality with a long follow-up period among patients with CHD in China. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 3276 Chinese patients with CHD. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of eGFR with the risks of mortality. During a mean follow-up period of 4.9 years, 293 deaths were identified. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios associated with different levels of eGFR (≥90 [reference group], 60-89, 30-59, 15-29 ml/min per 1.73m2) at baseline were 1.00, 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-1.88), 1.96 (95% CI, 1.31-2.94), and 3.91 (95% CI, 2.15-7.13) (P <0.001) for all-cause mortality, and 1.00, 1.26 (95% CI, 0.78-...
The aim was to assess associations between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in a multinational stu... more The aim was to assess associations between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in a multinational study of children from 12 countries representing a wide range of human development. The sample included 6,025 children 9-11 years of age. Behavioral risk factors included nocturnal sleep duration, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), television viewing (TV time), and healthy and unhealthy diet pattern scores. Multilevel analyses were used to obtain odds ratios for obesity expressed per standard deviation of each behavioral risk factor. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for obesity from multilevel, multivariable models were 0.79 (0.71-0.90) for nocturnal sleep duration, 0.52 (0.45-0.60) for MVPA, 1.15 (1.05-1.27) for TV time, 1.08 (0.96-1.20) for healthy diet score, and 0.93 (0.83-1.04) for unhealthy diet score in boys and 0.71 (0.63-0.80) for nocturnal sleep duration, 0.43 (0.35-0.53) for MVPA, 1.07 (0.96-1.19) for TV time, 1.05 (0.93-1.19) for healthy diet score, and 0.9...
International journal of epidemiology, Jan 12, 2015
Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. How... more Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. However, few studies use whole-population screening by colour Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system to identify CHD among live infants. We estimate the prevalence of CHD and its major risk indicators among infants aged less than 6 months in urban Tianjin, China. A colour Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system was used as the screening tool for the diagnosis of CHD. A total of 90 796 infants aged less than 6 months, living in the nine urban districts of Tianjin, China, participated in the CHD screening programme between July 2009 and June 2011. A total of 1817 children were identified as having CHD. The overall prevalence of congenital heart disease was 16.4 per 1000 live births among 47 697 boys, 24.1 per 1000 live births among 43 099 girls, and 20.0 per 1,000 live births among 90 796 boys and girls combined. Atrial septal defect was the most common heart lesion of CHD, with the prevalence of ...
Chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes increases the risk of microvascular events. However, the... more Chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes increases the risk of microvascular events. However, there is continuing uncertainty about its effect on macrovascular outcomes and death. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to estimate the association of glycosylated hemoglobin level with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes. We systematically searched the MEDLINE database through April 2011 by using Medical Subject Heading search terms and a standardized protocol. We included prospective cohort studies that reported data of glycosylated hemoglobin level on the risk of incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Relative risk estimates (continuous and categorical variables) were derived or abstracted from each cohort study. Twenty six studies were included in this analysis with a mean follow-up rang of 2.2-16 years. The pooled relative risk associated with a 1% increase in glycosylated hemoglobin level am...
Objective. To examine the association of maternal glycemia during pregnancy and after delivery wi... more Objective. To examine the association of maternal glycemia during pregnancy and after delivery with anthropometry in the offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods. A total of 1,263 GDM mothers and their children finished the health survey at 1–5 years after delivery.Results. Offspring of GDM mothers who were diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy had higher prevalence of overweight, higher mean weight for heightZscores, and higher mean BMI for ageZscores at 1–5 years old than the offspring of GDM mothers who were diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) during pregnancy. Offspring of GDM mothers who developed diabetes 1–5 years after delivery had higher mean values ofZscores for weight for height and BMI for age at 1–5 years old than the offspring of GDM mothers who had normal glucose or prediabetes after delivery.Conclusions. Offspring of GDM mothers who were diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy or after delivery had an increased risk of chi...
The joint relationship between healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive treatment with stroke risk ... more The joint relationship between healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive treatment with stroke risk is unclear. We prospectively investigated the individual and joint effects of healthy lifestyle factors and antihypertensive treatment on stroke risk among 36 686 Finnish participants aged 25 to 74 years and free of coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline. During a mean follow-up of 13.7 years, 1478 people developed stroke event (1167 ischemic and 311 hemorrhagic). The stroke risk was significantly decreased in people who adhered to ≥3 healthy lifestyle factors (never smoking, normal weight, moderate/high level of exercise, vegetable consumption ≥3 times per week, and light/moderate alcohol drinking) compared with those who adhered to <3 healthy lifestyle factors. The stroke risk was significantly increased in unaware untreated, aware untreated, aware treated and controlled, and aware treated and uncontrolled hypertensive people than in normotensive people. The risks of stroke w...
Previous studies have documented that visceral adipose tissue is positively associated with the r... more Previous studies have documented that visceral adipose tissue is positively associated with the risk of diabetes. However, the association of subcutaneous adipose tissue with diabetes risk is still in dispute. We aimed to assess the associations between different adipose distributions and the risk of newly diagnosed diabetes in Chinese adults. The Shanghai Nicheng Cohort Study was conducted among Chinese adults aged 45-70 years. The baseline data of 12,137 participants were analyzed. Subcutaneous and visceral fat area (SFA and VFA) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Diabetes was newly diagnosed using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of newly diagnosed diabetes per 1-standard deviation increase in SFA and VFA were 1.29 (1.19-1.39) and 1.61 (1.49-1.74) in men, and 1.10 (1.03-1.18) and 1.56 (1.45-1.67) in women, respectively. However, the association between SFA and newly diagnosed diabetes disap...
Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample ... more Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world. The sample included 5,844 children (45.6% boys, mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Child- and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of SED and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with SE...
Aims To compare risks of early postpartum diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese women with and with... more Aims To compare risks of early postpartum diabetes and prediabetes in Chinese women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy Subjects and methods Tianjin GDM observational study included 1263 women with a history of GDM and 705 women without GDM who participated in the urban GDM universal screening survey by using World Health Organization's criteria. Postpartum diabetes and prediabetes were identified after a standard oral glucose tolerance test. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to assess risks of postpartum diabetes and prediabetes between women with and without GDM. Results During a mean follow-up of 3.53 years postpartum, 90 incident cases of diabetes and 599 incident cases of prediabetes were identified. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios among women with prior GDM, compared with those without it, were 76.1 (95% CI 23.6-246) for diabetes, and 25.4 (95% CI 18.2-35.3) for prediabetes. When the mean follow-up extended to 4.40 years, 1...
To report the weight loss findings after the first year of a lifestyle intervention trial among w... more To report the weight loss findings after the first year of a lifestyle intervention trial among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). A total of 1180 women with GDM were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive a 4-year lifestyle intervention (intervention group, n = 586) or standard care (control group, n = 594) between August 2009 and July 2011. Major elements of the intervention included 6 face-to-face sessions with study dieticians and two telephone calls in the first year, and two individual sessions and two telephone calls in each subsequent year. Among 79% of participants who completed the year 1 trial, mean weight loss was 0.82 kg (1.12% of initial weight) in the intervention group and 0.09 kg (0.03% of initial weight) in the control group (P = .001). In a prespecified subgroup analysis of people who completed the trial, weight loss was more pronounced in women who were overweight (body mass index ≥24 kg/m) at baseline: mean weight loss 2.01 kg (2.87% of initial weight) ...
Diabetes research and clinical practice, Jan 6, 2017
To assess the association of uric acid (UA) with the risks of postpartum type 2 diabetes and pred... more To assess the association of uric acid (UA) with the risks of postpartum type 2 diabetes and prediabetes among women with prior gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). We performed a cross-sectional study of 1262 GDM women at 1-5 years after delivery using the baseline data from the Tianjin Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Prevention Program. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of serum UA with the risks of type 2 diabetes and prediabetes. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) across quartiles of serum UA were 1.00, 1.23 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.55-2.78), 2.05 (95% CI 0.96-4.39), and 3.17 (95% CI 1.54-6.55) (Ptrend<0.001) for type 2 diabetes, and 1.00, 1.50 (95% CI 1.03-2.19), 2.28 (95% CI 1.58-3.30), and 2.88 (95% CI 1.99-4.17) (Ptrend<0.001) for prediabetes, respectively. Restricted cubic splines models showed positive linear associations of serum UA as a continuous variable with the risks of type 2 diabetes and predia...
Journal of diabetes and its complications, Jan 17, 2017
To examine the association of connecting peptide (C-peptide) and the risks of postpartum diabetes... more To examine the association of connecting peptide (C-peptide) and the risks of postpartum diabetes and pre-diabetes among women with prior gestational diabetes. A cross-sectional study of 1263 women with prior gestational diabetes was carried out at 1-5years after delivery in Tianjin, China. Logistic regression was used to assess the associations of C-peptide and the risks of diabetes and pre-diabetes. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios based on different levels of C-peptide (0-33%, 34-66%, 67-90%, and >90% as C-peptide cutpoints) were 1.00, 1.93 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.85-4.39), 2.49 (95% CI 1.06-5.87), and 3.88 (95% CI 1.35-11.1) for diabetes (P for trend <0.0001), and 1.00, 1.66 (95% CI 1.18-2.36), 2.38 (95% CI 1.56-3.62) and 2.35 (95% CI 1.27-4.37) for pre-diabetes (P for trend <0.0001), respectively. Restricted cubic splines models showed a positive linear association of C-peptide as a continuous variable with the risks of type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes. T...
To examine the joint association of birth weight and physical activity/sedentary time with childh... more To examine the joint association of birth weight and physical activity/sedentary time with childhood obesity in 12 countries. A cross-sectional study of 5,088 children aged 9 to 11 years was conducted. Birth weight was recalled by parents or guardians. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior were objectively measured using accelerometry. The association of birth weight with the odds of obesity, central obesity, and high body fat was significant among children with either low MVPA or high sedentary time but not among children with either high MVPA or low sedentary time. In comparison with children with normal birth weight and high MVPA, children with high birth weight and low MVPA showed 4.48- to 5.18-fold higher odds of obesity, central obesity, and high body fat; children with normal birth weight and low MVPA showed 3.00- to 3.30-fold higher odds of obesity, central obesity, and high body fat, and children with high birth weight and high MVPA showed 1.1...
We investigated the association of physical activity, TV watching time, sleeping time with the ri... more We investigated the association of physical activity, TV watching time, sleeping time with the risks of obesity and hyperglycemia among 1263 offspring aged 1-5 years of mothers with gestational diabetes (GDM) in a cross-sectional study. Logistic regression models were used to obtain the odd ratios (ORs) (95% confidence intervals [CI]) of childhood obesity and hyperglycemia associated with different levels of indoor activity, outdoor activity, TV watching, and sleeping time. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of obesity based on different levels of TV watching time (0, <1.0, and ≥1.0 hour/day) were 1.00, 1.21 (95% CI 0.72-2.05), and 2.20 (95% CI 1.33-3.63) (Ptrend = 0.003), respectively. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of hyperglycemia based on different levels of indoor activity (<5.0, 5.0-6.9, and ≥7.0 hours/day) were 1.00, 0.74 (95% CI 0.45-1.21), and 0.49 (95% CI 0.28-0.84) (Ptrend = 0.034), respectively. The multivariable-adjusted ORs of hyperglycemia associated with different ...
The association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the risk of mortality amo... more The association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and the risk of mortality among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) is complex and still unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eGFR on the risk prediction of all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality with a long follow-up period among patients with CHD in China. We conducted a prospective cohort study of 3276 Chinese patients with CHD. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate the association of different levels of eGFR with the risks of mortality. During a mean follow-up period of 4.9 years, 293 deaths were identified. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios associated with different levels of eGFR (≥90 [reference group], 60-89, 30-59, 15-29 ml/min per 1.73m2) at baseline were 1.00, 1.28 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.87-1.88), 1.96 (95% CI, 1.31-2.94), and 3.91 (95% CI, 2.15-7.13) (P <0.001) for all-cause mortality, and 1.00, 1.26 (95% CI, 0.78-...
The aim was to assess associations between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in a multinational stu... more The aim was to assess associations between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in a multinational study of children from 12 countries representing a wide range of human development. The sample included 6,025 children 9-11 years of age. Behavioral risk factors included nocturnal sleep duration, moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), television viewing (TV time), and healthy and unhealthy diet pattern scores. Multilevel analyses were used to obtain odds ratios for obesity expressed per standard deviation of each behavioral risk factor. The odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for obesity from multilevel, multivariable models were 0.79 (0.71-0.90) for nocturnal sleep duration, 0.52 (0.45-0.60) for MVPA, 1.15 (1.05-1.27) for TV time, 1.08 (0.96-1.20) for healthy diet score, and 0.93 (0.83-1.04) for unhealthy diet score in boys and 0.71 (0.63-0.80) for nocturnal sleep duration, 0.43 (0.35-0.53) for MVPA, 1.07 (0.96-1.19) for TV time, 1.05 (0.93-1.19) for healthy diet score, and 0.9...
International journal of epidemiology, Jan 12, 2015
Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. How... more Congenital heart disease (CHD) represents one of the most prevalent congenital malformations. However, few studies use whole-population screening by colour Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system to identify CHD among live infants. We estimate the prevalence of CHD and its major risk indicators among infants aged less than 6 months in urban Tianjin, China. A colour Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic system was used as the screening tool for the diagnosis of CHD. A total of 90 796 infants aged less than 6 months, living in the nine urban districts of Tianjin, China, participated in the CHD screening programme between July 2009 and June 2011. A total of 1817 children were identified as having CHD. The overall prevalence of congenital heart disease was 16.4 per 1000 live births among 47 697 boys, 24.1 per 1000 live births among 43 099 girls, and 20.0 per 1,000 live births among 90 796 boys and girls combined. Atrial septal defect was the most common heart lesion of CHD, with the prevalence of ...
Chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes increases the risk of microvascular events. However, the... more Chronic hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes increases the risk of microvascular events. However, there is continuing uncertainty about its effect on macrovascular outcomes and death. We conducted a meta-analysis of prospective studies to estimate the association of glycosylated hemoglobin level with the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular outcomes among patients with type 2 diabetes. We systematically searched the MEDLINE database through April 2011 by using Medical Subject Heading search terms and a standardized protocol. We included prospective cohort studies that reported data of glycosylated hemoglobin level on the risk of incident cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality. Relative risk estimates (continuous and categorical variables) were derived or abstracted from each cohort study. Twenty six studies were included in this analysis with a mean follow-up rang of 2.2-16 years. The pooled relative risk associated with a 1% increase in glycosylated hemoglobin level am...
Objective. To examine the association of maternal glycemia during pregnancy and after delivery wi... more Objective. To examine the association of maternal glycemia during pregnancy and after delivery with anthropometry in the offspring of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).Methods. A total of 1,263 GDM mothers and their children finished the health survey at 1–5 years after delivery.Results. Offspring of GDM mothers who were diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy had higher prevalence of overweight, higher mean weight for heightZscores, and higher mean BMI for ageZscores at 1–5 years old than the offspring of GDM mothers who were diagnosed with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) during pregnancy. Offspring of GDM mothers who developed diabetes 1–5 years after delivery had higher mean values ofZscores for weight for height and BMI for age at 1–5 years old than the offspring of GDM mothers who had normal glucose or prediabetes after delivery.Conclusions. Offspring of GDM mothers who were diagnosed with diabetes during pregnancy or after delivery had an increased risk of chi...
The joint relationship between healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive treatment with stroke risk ... more The joint relationship between healthy lifestyle and antihypertensive treatment with stroke risk is unclear. We prospectively investigated the individual and joint effects of healthy lifestyle factors and antihypertensive treatment on stroke risk among 36 686 Finnish participants aged 25 to 74 years and free of coronary heart disease and stroke at baseline. During a mean follow-up of 13.7 years, 1478 people developed stroke event (1167 ischemic and 311 hemorrhagic). The stroke risk was significantly decreased in people who adhered to ≥3 healthy lifestyle factors (never smoking, normal weight, moderate/high level of exercise, vegetable consumption ≥3 times per week, and light/moderate alcohol drinking) compared with those who adhered to <3 healthy lifestyle factors. The stroke risk was significantly increased in unaware untreated, aware untreated, aware treated and controlled, and aware treated and uncontrolled hypertensive people than in normotensive people. The risks of stroke w...
Previous studies have documented that visceral adipose tissue is positively associated with the r... more Previous studies have documented that visceral adipose tissue is positively associated with the risk of diabetes. However, the association of subcutaneous adipose tissue with diabetes risk is still in dispute. We aimed to assess the associations between different adipose distributions and the risk of newly diagnosed diabetes in Chinese adults. The Shanghai Nicheng Cohort Study was conducted among Chinese adults aged 45-70 years. The baseline data of 12,137 participants were analyzed. Subcutaneous and visceral fat area (SFA and VFA) were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Diabetes was newly diagnosed using a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. The multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) of newly diagnosed diabetes per 1-standard deviation increase in SFA and VFA were 1.29 (1.19-1.39) and 1.61 (1.49-1.74) in men, and 1.10 (1.03-1.18) and 1.56 (1.45-1.67) in women, respectively. However, the association between SFA and newly diagnosed diabetes disap...
Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample ... more Previously, studies examining correlates of sedentary behavior have been limited by small sample size, restricted geographic area, and little socio-cultural variability. Further, few studies have examined correlates of total sedentary time (SED) and screen time (ST) in the same population. This study aimed to investigate correlates of SED and ST in children around the world. The sample included 5,844 children (45.6% boys, mean age = 10.4 years) from study sites in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, Finland, India, Kenya, Portugal, South Africa, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Child- and parent-reported behavioral, household, and neighborhood characteristics and directly measured anthropometric and accelerometer data were obtained. Twenty-one potential correlates of SED and ST were examined using multilevel models, adjusting for sex, age, and highest parental education, with school and study site as random effects. Variables that were moderately associated with SE...
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