Flux-coupling type SFCL which is made up of a series transformer and a superconducting current li... more Flux-coupling type SFCL which is made up of a series transformer and a superconducting current limiting device has good limiting and recovery characteristics at sudden short circuit fault. Since flux-coupling type SFCL has good property to improve the transient stability of power system, accurate serving of transient operation considering hysteresis phenomenon is very crucial. In this paper, theoretical study of transient characteristics of flux-coupling type SFCL considering B-H curve is proposed. Preisach model that is based on the concept of elementary magnetic dipole is used as numerical method for identification of saturation effects. The suggested method not only introduces a numerical method but also shows good agreement with experimental results.
In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a... more In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a Wilkinson power divider, were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz. The performance of the designed correlators are assessed via full-wave commercial electromagnetic package, Advanced Design System (ADS) of Keysight Technologies. The simulation results show that the six-port correlator structure with four 90° hybrid couplers and without Wilkinson power divider gets wider bandwidth and smaller phase error in comparison to the another six-port correlator. Besides the structure with Wilkinson has low error at the output voltage signals with phase difference of 0°, 180°, 90° and 270°. Both structure individually have relative importance in the design of the wireless terminals as a modulator and demodulator in receiver and transmitter instead of using mixer.
Short-range non-contact sensors are able to detect the precise movements of subjects and to estim... more Short-range non-contact sensors are able to detect the precise movements of subjects and to estimate the distance from the sensor to the subject. These radar sensors are employed in new fields, far from their primary usage, which was restricted to security and military applications. In this paper, the new gesture sensing techniques based on millimeter-wave six-ports are presented. The sensor operates at 79 GHz and generates differential quadrature signals that can be directly used without complex signal processing for different measurement applications. To prove the heartbeat measurement accuracy of the proposed radar sensor a calibrated tuning fork experiment is performed. Therefore, the proposed simple, robust and low-cost radar sensor can be therefore used in the medical domain, in industry, transportation, and security.
Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-sta... more Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-station or dynamic charging of batteries. Enhancement of transferring power and distance ranges and improvement of mutual coupling between coils have always been in the two opposite sides of every wireless power transfer system. A trade-off between transfer efficiency, distance, and power is essential for electrical vehicle applications. Despite previous researches on electromagnetic modeling of IPT systems, it still suffers from noticeable lack of models which shows mutual inductance between the primary and secondary coils and losses in the coils. This paper presents analytical methods to study mutual coupling between coils and considers effects of misalignment on them. A detailed analytical investigation of a pitch rotation misalignment about the y-axis and a lateral translation misalignments in the y-axis direction is presented for a commonly used topology, circular coils, among existing ones applicable to IPT EV chargers. The analytical methodologies have been also evaluated by means of numerical method.
Wireless power transfer (WPT) system is a promising candidate for charging many electrical device... more Wireless power transfer (WPT) system is a promising candidate for charging many electrical devices and daily home appliances. Most widely used WPT techniques are inductive coupling based on magnetic fields, and magnetic resonant inductive coupling, which include a resonant circuit in transmitter and receiver coils. In this paper, numerical and analytical analysis of short-range inducting coupling rectangular coils WPT is presented. A numerical methodology based on a three-dimensional discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) finite element method is developed to estimate the electromagnetic propagation around WPT rectangular coils. The proposed approach leads to simulations that are fast, robust and accurate, this being the result of a local discretization strategy of the full-wave time-domain Maxwell’s equations on unstructured tetrahedral meshes that is easy to parallelize. The stability of the overall numerical scheme is obtained using an up-wind numerical flux, an implicit second-order accurate time integration scheme, and Whitney basis functions. The numerical methodology is verified based on problems with analytical methods.
This paper presents a millimeter wave bistatic radar sensor for short-range applications. The sen... more This paper presents a millimeter wave bistatic radar sensor for short-range applications. The sensor can detect the precise movements of subjects and to estimate the distance and relative velocity. A six-port architecture is used. The sensor operates at 79 GHz and generates differential quadrature baseband signals that can be directly used, without complex signal processing, for different measurement applications. A calibrated tuning fork experiment validates precise displacement claim by measuring the mechanical oscillation frequency. Several hand gesture experiments are also performed with promising results. The proposed simple, robust and low-cost radar sensor can be used in industry, biomedical domain and security.
A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator ... more A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator based on the six-port technique were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz over 10 GHz bandwidth. It is composed of a six-port passive microwave network to implement the modulation scheme with suitable variable load as impedance terminations. Its most important application of this modulator is for the automotive industry. It perform accurate distance and Doppler frequency measurements by means of the phase difference between transmitted and received signals. It has potentially the advantage of low power consumption, high signal to noise ratio, compactness and simplicity in realization. Harmonic balance, qi points analysis, and homodyne quadratic modulation were performed to analysis the performance of the six-port correlator. It is shown that the proposed six-port modulator offers accurate QPSK and 16-QAM symbol modulations at high symbol rate across a bandwidth from 72 to 82 GHz.
Increased metabolic rates, pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction are the most important ... more Increased metabolic rates, pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction are the most important features of the ascites syndrome in broiler chickens. However, the mechanism of cell injury causing the pathogenesis of the syndrome is not clearly understood. Our study aimed to examine the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH*) in broiler chickens experiencing ascites. The hundred and fifty 1-d-old chickens were purchased from a local hatchery and reared in an open poultry house for 46 d. They were divided at random into three groups and ascites was induced in two groups by exposing them to low temperature or administration of triiodothyronine (T(3)). The third group served as control and was reared normally. Haematological, biochemical and pathological tests were used to determine the incidence of ascites: including total red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), release of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and ratio of right ventricular weight to total ventricular weight (RV/TV). A salicylate hydroxylation method was used to examine the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH*) in treated groups. TWo hydroxylated salicylic acid metabolites, 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2,3- and 2,5-DHBA), were measured by HPLC to detect the generation of OH*. An ascites syndrome was observed in T(3) and low-temperature treated groups, as shown by necropsy changes and increases in f RBC, PCV, ALT, AST and the ratio of RV/TV. Concentrations of 2,3- and 2,5-DHBA were increased in groups experiencing ascites compared to control group. It is suggested that reactive oxygen species that is OH* ions, may be involved in the pathogenesis of the ascites syndrome in broiler chickens.
2016 17th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM)
In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a... more In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a Wilkinson power divider, were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz. The performance of the designed correlators are assessed via full-wave commercial electromagnetic package, Advanced Design System (ADS) of Keysight Technologies. The simulation results show that the six-port correlator structure with four 90° hybrid couplers and without Wilkinson power divider gets wider bandwidth and smaller phase error in comparison to the another six-port correlator. Besides the structure with Wilkinson has low error at the output voltage signals with phase difference of 0°, 180°, 90° and 270°. Both structure individually have relative importance in the design of the wireless terminals as a modulator and demodulator in receiver and transmitter instead of using mixer.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), 2020
Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems provide a technical solution for EV range issue of EV c... more Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems provide a technical solution for EV range issue of EV chargers by rapid in-station or dynamic charging of batteries. Although, hot debates concerning the optimization of the structural design of coils and the maximum system efficiency still remain. To have a maximum energy efficiency, a compromise with the switching frequency and coils design is required. In this paper, an optimum algorithm is proposed for designing Magnetic Resonance Power Transmission (MRPT) system parameters to operate in zero voltage switching (ZVS) state and far from bifurcation phenomenon by tuning the series-series compensator. A step by step theorical study of the proposed algorithm is described and executed in Matlab.
Human movement detection based on millimeter-wave radar sensors is a technology of interest in va... more Human movement detection based on millimeter-wave radar sensors is a technology of interest in various areas such as for smart surveillance, security, behavioral biometrics, biomedical systems, robotics, etc. This paper shows the feasibility and effectiveness of using a compact 24 GHz Doppler radar with a built-in low-noise microwave amplifier (LNA) for detecting and extracting signals coming from human motion. Reliability and accuracy is assessed based on a comprehensive theoretical analysis, and on simulation results followed by experimental investigations. A continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used to decompose in-phase and quadrature ( ${I/Q}$ ) baseband signals to extract information about the dynamics of the system. The dataset consists of 1000 recordings in 8 motion classes (standing, walking, sitting, etc.). We propose to apply a two-channel convolutional neural network (CNN), which is composed of two CNN channels, for learning high-level features from time-domain signals and CWT spectrograms. One channel has four one-dimensional (1D) convolutional and pooling layers, and the other channel is made of three two-dimensional (2D) convolutional and pooling layers. In addition, the ${I/Q}$ signals are denoised by using Savitzky-Golay filtering, and both noisy and denoised signals are used as input signals for deep learning data augmentation purpose. We achieved an overall classification accuracy rate of 98.85% in motion classification for a two-branch CNN architecture, and an accuracy rate of 95.3% for a one-branch 2D-CNN. Our results show that a dual-channel CNN model can greatly increase the classification capabilities of human motion recognition and classification, and the proposed method can be effectively used with various radar signal classifications.
A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator ... more A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator based on the six-port technique were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz over 10 GHz bandwidth. It is composed of a six-port passive microwave network to implement the modulation scheme with suitable variable load as impedance terminations. Its most important application of this modulator is for the automotive industry. It perform accurate distance and Doppler frequency measurements by means of the phase difference between transmitted and received signals. It has potentially the advantage of low power consumption, high signal to noise ratio, compactness and simplicity in realization. Harmonic balance, qi points analysis, and homodyne quadratic modulation were performed to analysis the performance of the six-port correlator. It is shown that the proposed six-port modulator offers accurate QPSK and 16-QAM symbol modulations at high symbol rate across a bandwidth from 72 to 82 GHz.
IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2019
Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-sta... more Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-station or dynamic charging of batteries. Enhancement of transferring power and distance ranges and improvement of mutual coupling between coils have always been in the two opposite sides of every wireless power transfer system. A trade-off between transfer efficiency, distance, and power is essential for electrical vehicle applications. Despite previous researches on electromagnetic modeling of IPT systems, it still suffers from noticeable lack of models which shows mutual inductance between the primary and secondary coils and losses in the coils. This paper presents analytical methods to study mutual coupling between coils and considers effects of misalignment on them. A detailed analytical investigation of a pitch rotation misalignment about the y-axis and a lateral translation misalignments in the y-axis direction is presented for a commonly used topology, circular coils, among existing...
Flux-coupling type SFCL which is made up of a series transformer and a superconducting current li... more Flux-coupling type SFCL which is made up of a series transformer and a superconducting current limiting device has good limiting and recovery characteristics at sudden short circuit fault. Since flux-coupling type SFCL has good property to improve the transient stability of power system, accurate serving of transient operation considering hysteresis phenomenon is very crucial. In this paper, theoretical study of transient characteristics of flux-coupling type SFCL considering B-H curve is proposed. Preisach model that is based on the concept of elementary magnetic dipole is used as numerical method for identification of saturation effects. The suggested method not only introduces a numerical method but also shows good agreement with experimental results.
In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a... more In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a Wilkinson power divider, were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz. The performance of the designed correlators are assessed via full-wave commercial electromagnetic package, Advanced Design System (ADS) of Keysight Technologies. The simulation results show that the six-port correlator structure with four 90° hybrid couplers and without Wilkinson power divider gets wider bandwidth and smaller phase error in comparison to the another six-port correlator. Besides the structure with Wilkinson has low error at the output voltage signals with phase difference of 0°, 180°, 90° and 270°. Both structure individually have relative importance in the design of the wireless terminals as a modulator and demodulator in receiver and transmitter instead of using mixer.
Short-range non-contact sensors are able to detect the precise movements of subjects and to estim... more Short-range non-contact sensors are able to detect the precise movements of subjects and to estimate the distance from the sensor to the subject. These radar sensors are employed in new fields, far from their primary usage, which was restricted to security and military applications. In this paper, the new gesture sensing techniques based on millimeter-wave six-ports are presented. The sensor operates at 79 GHz and generates differential quadrature signals that can be directly used without complex signal processing for different measurement applications. To prove the heartbeat measurement accuracy of the proposed radar sensor a calibrated tuning fork experiment is performed. Therefore, the proposed simple, robust and low-cost radar sensor can be therefore used in the medical domain, in industry, transportation, and security.
Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-sta... more Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-station or dynamic charging of batteries. Enhancement of transferring power and distance ranges and improvement of mutual coupling between coils have always been in the two opposite sides of every wireless power transfer system. A trade-off between transfer efficiency, distance, and power is essential for electrical vehicle applications. Despite previous researches on electromagnetic modeling of IPT systems, it still suffers from noticeable lack of models which shows mutual inductance between the primary and secondary coils and losses in the coils. This paper presents analytical methods to study mutual coupling between coils and considers effects of misalignment on them. A detailed analytical investigation of a pitch rotation misalignment about the y-axis and a lateral translation misalignments in the y-axis direction is presented for a commonly used topology, circular coils, among existing ones applicable to IPT EV chargers. The analytical methodologies have been also evaluated by means of numerical method.
Wireless power transfer (WPT) system is a promising candidate for charging many electrical device... more Wireless power transfer (WPT) system is a promising candidate for charging many electrical devices and daily home appliances. Most widely used WPT techniques are inductive coupling based on magnetic fields, and magnetic resonant inductive coupling, which include a resonant circuit in transmitter and receiver coils. In this paper, numerical and analytical analysis of short-range inducting coupling rectangular coils WPT is presented. A numerical methodology based on a three-dimensional discontinuous Galerkin time-domain (DGTD) finite element method is developed to estimate the electromagnetic propagation around WPT rectangular coils. The proposed approach leads to simulations that are fast, robust and accurate, this being the result of a local discretization strategy of the full-wave time-domain Maxwell’s equations on unstructured tetrahedral meshes that is easy to parallelize. The stability of the overall numerical scheme is obtained using an up-wind numerical flux, an implicit second-order accurate time integration scheme, and Whitney basis functions. The numerical methodology is verified based on problems with analytical methods.
This paper presents a millimeter wave bistatic radar sensor for short-range applications. The sen... more This paper presents a millimeter wave bistatic radar sensor for short-range applications. The sensor can detect the precise movements of subjects and to estimate the distance and relative velocity. A six-port architecture is used. The sensor operates at 79 GHz and generates differential quadrature baseband signals that can be directly used, without complex signal processing, for different measurement applications. A calibrated tuning fork experiment validates precise displacement claim by measuring the mechanical oscillation frequency. Several hand gesture experiments are also performed with promising results. The proposed simple, robust and low-cost radar sensor can be used in industry, biomedical domain and security.
A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator ... more A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator based on the six-port technique were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz over 10 GHz bandwidth. It is composed of a six-port passive microwave network to implement the modulation scheme with suitable variable load as impedance terminations. Its most important application of this modulator is for the automotive industry. It perform accurate distance and Doppler frequency measurements by means of the phase difference between transmitted and received signals. It has potentially the advantage of low power consumption, high signal to noise ratio, compactness and simplicity in realization. Harmonic balance, qi points analysis, and homodyne quadratic modulation were performed to analysis the performance of the six-port correlator. It is shown that the proposed six-port modulator offers accurate QPSK and 16-QAM symbol modulations at high symbol rate across a bandwidth from 72 to 82 GHz.
Increased metabolic rates, pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction are the most important ... more Increased metabolic rates, pulmonary hypertension and cardiac dysfunction are the most important features of the ascites syndrome in broiler chickens. However, the mechanism of cell injury causing the pathogenesis of the syndrome is not clearly understood. Our study aimed to examine the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH*) in broiler chickens experiencing ascites. The hundred and fifty 1-d-old chickens were purchased from a local hatchery and reared in an open poultry house for 46 d. They were divided at random into three groups and ascites was induced in two groups by exposing them to low temperature or administration of triiodothyronine (T(3)). The third group served as control and was reared normally. Haematological, biochemical and pathological tests were used to determine the incidence of ascites: including total red blood cell (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), release of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) and ratio of right ventricular weight to total ventricular weight (RV/TV). A salicylate hydroxylation method was used to examine the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH*) in treated groups. TWo hydroxylated salicylic acid metabolites, 2,3- and 2,5-dihydroxy benzoic acid (2,3- and 2,5-DHBA), were measured by HPLC to detect the generation of OH*. An ascites syndrome was observed in T(3) and low-temperature treated groups, as shown by necropsy changes and increases in f RBC, PCV, ALT, AST and the ratio of RV/TV. Concentrations of 2,3- and 2,5-DHBA were increased in groups experiencing ascites compared to control group. It is suggested that reactive oxygen species that is OH* ions, may be involved in the pathogenesis of the ascites syndrome in broiler chickens.
2016 17th International Symposium on Antenna Technology and Applied Electromagnetics (ANTEM)
In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a... more In this paper, two different six-port correlators by using 90° hybrid couplers, with or without a Wilkinson power divider, were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz. The performance of the designed correlators are assessed via full-wave commercial electromagnetic package, Advanced Design System (ADS) of Keysight Technologies. The simulation results show that the six-port correlator structure with four 90° hybrid couplers and without Wilkinson power divider gets wider bandwidth and smaller phase error in comparison to the another six-port correlator. Besides the structure with Wilkinson has low error at the output voltage signals with phase difference of 0°, 180°, 90° and 270°. Both structure individually have relative importance in the design of the wireless terminals as a modulator and demodulator in receiver and transmitter instead of using mixer.
2020 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology (ICIT), 2020
Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems provide a technical solution for EV range issue of EV c... more Wireless Power Transmission (WPT) systems provide a technical solution for EV range issue of EV chargers by rapid in-station or dynamic charging of batteries. Although, hot debates concerning the optimization of the structural design of coils and the maximum system efficiency still remain. To have a maximum energy efficiency, a compromise with the switching frequency and coils design is required. In this paper, an optimum algorithm is proposed for designing Magnetic Resonance Power Transmission (MRPT) system parameters to operate in zero voltage switching (ZVS) state and far from bifurcation phenomenon by tuning the series-series compensator. A step by step theorical study of the proposed algorithm is described and executed in Matlab.
Human movement detection based on millimeter-wave radar sensors is a technology of interest in va... more Human movement detection based on millimeter-wave radar sensors is a technology of interest in various areas such as for smart surveillance, security, behavioral biometrics, biomedical systems, robotics, etc. This paper shows the feasibility and effectiveness of using a compact 24 GHz Doppler radar with a built-in low-noise microwave amplifier (LNA) for detecting and extracting signals coming from human motion. Reliability and accuracy is assessed based on a comprehensive theoretical analysis, and on simulation results followed by experimental investigations. A continuous wavelet transform (CWT) is used to decompose in-phase and quadrature ( ${I/Q}$ ) baseband signals to extract information about the dynamics of the system. The dataset consists of 1000 recordings in 8 motion classes (standing, walking, sitting, etc.). We propose to apply a two-channel convolutional neural network (CNN), which is composed of two CNN channels, for learning high-level features from time-domain signals and CWT spectrograms. One channel has four one-dimensional (1D) convolutional and pooling layers, and the other channel is made of three two-dimensional (2D) convolutional and pooling layers. In addition, the ${I/Q}$ signals are denoised by using Savitzky-Golay filtering, and both noisy and denoised signals are used as input signals for deep learning data augmentation purpose. We achieved an overall classification accuracy rate of 98.85% in motion classification for a two-branch CNN architecture, and an accuracy rate of 95.3% for a one-branch 2D-CNN. Our results show that a dual-channel CNN model can greatly increase the classification capabilities of human motion recognition and classification, and the proposed method can be effectively used with various radar signal classifications.
A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator ... more A quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) and 16 Quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) modulator based on the six-port technique were designed and simulated at the center frequency of 77 GHz over 10 GHz bandwidth. It is composed of a six-port passive microwave network to implement the modulation scheme with suitable variable load as impedance terminations. Its most important application of this modulator is for the automotive industry. It perform accurate distance and Doppler frequency measurements by means of the phase difference between transmitted and received signals. It has potentially the advantage of low power consumption, high signal to noise ratio, compactness and simplicity in realization. Harmonic balance, qi points analysis, and homodyne quadratic modulation were performed to analysis the performance of the six-port correlator. It is shown that the proposed six-port modulator offers accurate QPSK and 16-QAM symbol modulations at high symbol rate across a bandwidth from 72 to 82 GHz.
IECON 2019 - 45th Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 2019
Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-sta... more Inductive Power Transfer (IPT) in EV chargers enables range extension opportunity by rapid in-station or dynamic charging of batteries. Enhancement of transferring power and distance ranges and improvement of mutual coupling between coils have always been in the two opposite sides of every wireless power transfer system. A trade-off between transfer efficiency, distance, and power is essential for electrical vehicle applications. Despite previous researches on electromagnetic modeling of IPT systems, it still suffers from noticeable lack of models which shows mutual inductance between the primary and secondary coils and losses in the coils. This paper presents analytical methods to study mutual coupling between coils and considers effects of misalignment on them. A detailed analytical investigation of a pitch rotation misalignment about the y-axis and a lateral translation misalignments in the y-axis direction is presented for a commonly used topology, circular coils, among existing...
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