<p>Direct effect model (a) of types of living arrangements and life satisfaction, and media... more <p>Direct effect model (a) of types of living arrangements and life satisfaction, and mediation model (b) including social support function as mediator between types of living arrangements and life satisfaction.</p
Falls screening can prevent falls and their consequences. The two studies of this thesis aimed to... more Falls screening can prevent falls and their consequences. The two studies of this thesis aimed to identify the accuracy of falls screening tools and explore patient preferences and empirical validity of the self-rated Falls Risk Questionnaire (FRQ). The first study, Systematic Literature Review, found the Toulouse-St. Louis University Mini Falls Assessment and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale Hindi version emerged as accurate tools for predicting falls in the target population. The second study determined most of respondents, 36%, had no preference between Activities Specific Balance Confidence 6 items (ABC-6) or FRQ. The Bland & Altman approach revealed a degree of agreement between the FRQ and ABC-6. Furthermore, respondents with a history of falls had substantially lower FRQ and ABC-6 scores than non-fallers. Findings of this thesis can be used to support the use of the FRQ that the CDC and several health institutes recommend for falls screening in older adults
Purpose Screening for fall risks is an important part of fall and fracture prevention. This study... more Purpose Screening for fall risks is an important part of fall and fracture prevention. This study aims to investigate cross-sectional inter-instrumental agreement and participants’ preferences of the self-rated Falls Risk Questionnaire (FRQ) and Activities Specific Balance Confidence 6 items (ABC-6). This study also aimed to compare FRQ and ABC-6 scores in older adults with and without a history of falls. Design/methodology/approach Through an online and snowball sampling survey, 114 respondents were recruited from six countries. Respondents were asked to perform FRQ and ABC-6 surveys. Findings The mean respondent age was 67 years, and 44.8% reported falls in the past year. The mean of rescored FRQ and ABC-6 scores were 68.6% and 66.2%, respectively. The FRQ and ABC-6 scores for fallers were lower than non-fallers. Bland and Altman’s method indicated the mean −2.6 and two standard deviations 20.9 differences between ABC-6 and FRQ, which means an overall agreement between these tools...
<p>Conceptual framework mediating role of social support function on relation between type ... more <p>Conceptual framework mediating role of social support function on relation between type of living arrangements and life satisfaction.</p
Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2016
Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of routine and fun physic... more Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of routine and fun physical activities on degree of mobility and muscle strength in elderly residents in nursing homes in Mashhad. Materials and methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted (in 2013-2014) in which two groups of elderly living in nursing homes in Mashhad were recruited. Data was collected using Elderly Mobility Scale and Dynamometer (T.K.K.5401). The intervention group participated in fun physical activities while the control group had routine physical activity. Both types of exercises were conducted 20 minutes every other day for 8 weeks. Results: Significant differences were seen between the two groups in mean score of mobility and muscle strength after the intervention. Conclusion: Motivating elderly to begin fun exercise could increase their level of activity, thereby preventing movement disorders among this population.
Introduction: The most important issue to improve the health and quality of life for older adults... more Introduction: The most important issue to improve the health and quality of life for older adults is maintaining their high independence in physical and cognitive activities, and continue to active life. Various factors such as laziness, lack of fellow, and lack of interest to life in elderly have reduced their physical activity. Performing fun physical activities increases the frequency of elderly meeting with other people and entertaining and increased interest to physical activity which ultimately may improve their mobility status and increase interest to exercise in elderly. This study was performed with aim to compare the effect of two fun and regular physical activities on the rate of activity and interest to perform exercise in elderly women residential in nursing homes. Methods: This two-group clinical randomized trial was carried out on 63 elderly (28 in intervention group and 35 in control group) residents of Mashhad nursing homes in 2013-2014. The experimental group perfo...
Background: This cross-sectional and correlational survey examines the association between differ... more Background: This cross-sectional and correlational survey examines the association between different types of living arrangements and life satisfaction in older Malaysians, while taking into account the mediating effects of social support function. Methodology and Findings: A total of 1880 of older adults were selected by multistage stratified sampling. Life satisfaction and social support were measured with the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. The result shows living with children as the commonest type of living arrangement for older adults in peninsular Malaysia. Compared to living alone, living only with a spouse especially and then co-residency with children were both associated with better life satisfaction (p,.01) and social support function (p,.01). The mediating effect of social support function enhanced the relation between living arrangements and life satisfaction. Conclusion: This study revealed that types of liv...
Background: The prevalence of chronic pains in the elderly residing in nursing homes is high, whi... more Background: The prevalence of chronic pains in the elderly residing in nursing homes is high, which can bring about social isolation, depression, incidence of disabilities, as well as increased costs. Given the risks, medication therapy is not used for the elderly, and non-pharmaceutical methods, such as humor therapy as one of the complementary medicine techniques using thought distraction, have been advocated. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of humor therapy on pain intensity in the elderly living in nursing homes in Mashhad, Iran. Method: This two-group, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted on two groups of intervention (28 individuals) and control (27 individuals) at two similar nursing homes in Mashhad, Iran, 2016. Humor therapy was performed during six 60-minute sessions (once per week) using humorous methods such as video clip displays, games, music plays, as well as telling funny jokes. Then, pain intensity was measured via the Modified German Ve...
Introduction: Chronic pain is common in the elderly. Distraction is one of the important uses of ... more Introduction: Chronic pain is common in the elderly. Distraction is one of the important uses of cognitive-behavioral techniques and humor is one of the distraction techniques used in pain control. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of humor therapy (HT) on quality and fear of pain in nursing homes. Methods: We conducted a randomized clinical trial study on 55 elderly who had experienced chronic pain for at least 3 months and residing in nursing homes in Mashhad, Iran, 2016. The sampling was of convenience type as well as random allocation of nursing homes to two groups; the one receiving HT (n = 28) and a control group (n = 27) living in two similar nursing homes. The experimental group received 6 sessions of humor therapy over 6 weeks and the control group received the routine care. To this end, pain quality and fear of pain were assessed at the first, after the 3rd and 6th sessions in both groups respectively using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Fear of P...
Background and objective: It is unclear how health literacy is associated with health-related qua... more Background and objective: It is unclear how health literacy is associated with health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of treatment regimen adherence between health literacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to recruit 300 diabetic patients aged 60 years and over with diabetes. The abbreviated version of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) and the Swedish Health-related Quality of Life (SWED-QUAL) instrument were used to measure health literacy and HRQoL, respectively. In addition, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), the diet and exercise adherence questionnaire, were used to assess treatment regimen adherence. The four steps of Baron and Kenny’s procedure were implemented to test the mediation hypotheses. Results: The mean age of the respon...
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 08952841 2014 858550, Jan 2, 2014
The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of gender on relations among social supp... more The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of gender on relations among social support functions and life satisfaction in older Malaysians. The study sample was 1,800 older residents in a community; all were at least 60 years old. This study was a cross-sectional and corelational survey, and the data were collected by multistage stratified sampling. This study revealed that fewer social support functions, and therefore less life satisfaction, were available for females than for males. The results of moderated regression analyses demonstrated that gender interacted only on the relationship between positive social interaction support and tangible support with life satisfaction. Specifically, at a high tangible support level, females had lower life satisfaction when compared to a low tangible support level. There may be a need for new programs and services to provide other aspects of social support to older female adults to improve and maintain life satisfaction in later life.
<p>Direct effect model (a) of types of living arrangements and life satisfaction, and media... more <p>Direct effect model (a) of types of living arrangements and life satisfaction, and mediation model (b) including social support function as mediator between types of living arrangements and life satisfaction.</p
Falls screening can prevent falls and their consequences. The two studies of this thesis aimed to... more Falls screening can prevent falls and their consequences. The two studies of this thesis aimed to identify the accuracy of falls screening tools and explore patient preferences and empirical validity of the self-rated Falls Risk Questionnaire (FRQ). The first study, Systematic Literature Review, found the Toulouse-St. Louis University Mini Falls Assessment and the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale Hindi version emerged as accurate tools for predicting falls in the target population. The second study determined most of respondents, 36%, had no preference between Activities Specific Balance Confidence 6 items (ABC-6) or FRQ. The Bland & Altman approach revealed a degree of agreement between the FRQ and ABC-6. Furthermore, respondents with a history of falls had substantially lower FRQ and ABC-6 scores than non-fallers. Findings of this thesis can be used to support the use of the FRQ that the CDC and several health institutes recommend for falls screening in older adults
Purpose Screening for fall risks is an important part of fall and fracture prevention. This study... more Purpose Screening for fall risks is an important part of fall and fracture prevention. This study aims to investigate cross-sectional inter-instrumental agreement and participants’ preferences of the self-rated Falls Risk Questionnaire (FRQ) and Activities Specific Balance Confidence 6 items (ABC-6). This study also aimed to compare FRQ and ABC-6 scores in older adults with and without a history of falls. Design/methodology/approach Through an online and snowball sampling survey, 114 respondents were recruited from six countries. Respondents were asked to perform FRQ and ABC-6 surveys. Findings The mean respondent age was 67 years, and 44.8% reported falls in the past year. The mean of rescored FRQ and ABC-6 scores were 68.6% and 66.2%, respectively. The FRQ and ABC-6 scores for fallers were lower than non-fallers. Bland and Altman’s method indicated the mean −2.6 and two standard deviations 20.9 differences between ABC-6 and FRQ, which means an overall agreement between these tools...
<p>Conceptual framework mediating role of social support function on relation between type ... more <p>Conceptual framework mediating role of social support function on relation between type of living arrangements and life satisfaction.</p
Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, 2016
Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of routine and fun physic... more Background and purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of routine and fun physical activities on degree of mobility and muscle strength in elderly residents in nursing homes in Mashhad. Materials and methods: A randomized clinical trial was conducted (in 2013-2014) in which two groups of elderly living in nursing homes in Mashhad were recruited. Data was collected using Elderly Mobility Scale and Dynamometer (T.K.K.5401). The intervention group participated in fun physical activities while the control group had routine physical activity. Both types of exercises were conducted 20 minutes every other day for 8 weeks. Results: Significant differences were seen between the two groups in mean score of mobility and muscle strength after the intervention. Conclusion: Motivating elderly to begin fun exercise could increase their level of activity, thereby preventing movement disorders among this population.
Introduction: The most important issue to improve the health and quality of life for older adults... more Introduction: The most important issue to improve the health and quality of life for older adults is maintaining their high independence in physical and cognitive activities, and continue to active life. Various factors such as laziness, lack of fellow, and lack of interest to life in elderly have reduced their physical activity. Performing fun physical activities increases the frequency of elderly meeting with other people and entertaining and increased interest to physical activity which ultimately may improve their mobility status and increase interest to exercise in elderly. This study was performed with aim to compare the effect of two fun and regular physical activities on the rate of activity and interest to perform exercise in elderly women residential in nursing homes. Methods: This two-group clinical randomized trial was carried out on 63 elderly (28 in intervention group and 35 in control group) residents of Mashhad nursing homes in 2013-2014. The experimental group perfo...
Background: This cross-sectional and correlational survey examines the association between differ... more Background: This cross-sectional and correlational survey examines the association between different types of living arrangements and life satisfaction in older Malaysians, while taking into account the mediating effects of social support function. Methodology and Findings: A total of 1880 of older adults were selected by multistage stratified sampling. Life satisfaction and social support were measured with the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey. The result shows living with children as the commonest type of living arrangement for older adults in peninsular Malaysia. Compared to living alone, living only with a spouse especially and then co-residency with children were both associated with better life satisfaction (p,.01) and social support function (p,.01). The mediating effect of social support function enhanced the relation between living arrangements and life satisfaction. Conclusion: This study revealed that types of liv...
Background: The prevalence of chronic pains in the elderly residing in nursing homes is high, whi... more Background: The prevalence of chronic pains in the elderly residing in nursing homes is high, which can bring about social isolation, depression, incidence of disabilities, as well as increased costs. Given the risks, medication therapy is not used for the elderly, and non-pharmaceutical methods, such as humor therapy as one of the complementary medicine techniques using thought distraction, have been advocated. Aim: This study aimed to determine the effect of humor therapy on pain intensity in the elderly living in nursing homes in Mashhad, Iran. Method: This two-group, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted on two groups of intervention (28 individuals) and control (27 individuals) at two similar nursing homes in Mashhad, Iran, 2016. Humor therapy was performed during six 60-minute sessions (once per week) using humorous methods such as video clip displays, games, music plays, as well as telling funny jokes. Then, pain intensity was measured via the Modified German Ve...
Introduction: Chronic pain is common in the elderly. Distraction is one of the important uses of ... more Introduction: Chronic pain is common in the elderly. Distraction is one of the important uses of cognitive-behavioral techniques and humor is one of the distraction techniques used in pain control. The aim of the present study was to determine the impact of humor therapy (HT) on quality and fear of pain in nursing homes. Methods: We conducted a randomized clinical trial study on 55 elderly who had experienced chronic pain for at least 3 months and residing in nursing homes in Mashhad, Iran, 2016. The sampling was of convenience type as well as random allocation of nursing homes to two groups; the one receiving HT (n = 28) and a control group (n = 27) living in two similar nursing homes. The experimental group received 6 sessions of humor therapy over 6 weeks and the control group received the routine care. To this end, pain quality and fear of pain were assessed at the first, after the 3rd and 6th sessions in both groups respectively using the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Fear of P...
Background and objective: It is unclear how health literacy is associated with health-related qua... more Background and objective: It is unclear how health literacy is associated with health-related quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the mediating role of treatment regimen adherence between health literacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to recruit 300 diabetic patients aged 60 years and over with diabetes. The abbreviated version of the Test of Functional Health Literacy in Adults (S-TOFHLA) and the Swedish Health-related Quality of Life (SWED-QUAL) instrument were used to measure health literacy and HRQoL, respectively. In addition, the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS), the diet and exercise adherence questionnaire, were used to assess treatment regimen adherence. The four steps of Baron and Kenny’s procedure were implemented to test the mediation hypotheses. Results: The mean age of the respon...
Http Dx Doi Org 10 1080 08952841 2014 858550, Jan 2, 2014
The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of gender on relations among social supp... more The aim of this study was to examine the moderating role of gender on relations among social support functions and life satisfaction in older Malaysians. The study sample was 1,800 older residents in a community; all were at least 60 years old. This study was a cross-sectional and corelational survey, and the data were collected by multistage stratified sampling. This study revealed that fewer social support functions, and therefore less life satisfaction, were available for females than for males. The results of moderated regression analyses demonstrated that gender interacted only on the relationship between positive social interaction support and tangible support with life satisfaction. Specifically, at a high tangible support level, females had lower life satisfaction when compared to a low tangible support level. There may be a need for new programs and services to provide other aspects of social support to older female adults to improve and maintain life satisfaction in later life.
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