... Xue-xin Chen, Fa-yong Lang, Zhi-hong Xu, Jun-hua He and Yun Ma / The occur-rence of leafminer... more ... Xue-xin Chen, Fa-yong Lang, Zhi-hong Xu, Jun-hua He and Yun Ma / The occur-rence of leafminers and their parasitoids on ... Juan Calvo, Viviana Calvente, María Edith de Orellano, Delia Benuzzi and Maria Isable Sanz de Tosetti / Improvement in the biocontrol of postharvest ...
A new species of silvanid flat bark beetle, Protoliota paleus sp. nov., is described from mid-Cre... more A new species of silvanid flat bark beetle, Protoliota paleus sp. nov., is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Protoliota paleus nov. sp. differs from a previous member of the genus described in Burmese amber by its small body size, weakly protruding eyes, long mandibles, and narrow pronotum. The new fossil is characterized by extremely elongate antennae and setiferous pads on its fore tarsus. Discussion is presented on the purpose of both of these attributes and how they could play a role in the survival of the species. A list of the superfamily Cucujoidea described from Burmese amber is included.
ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Bronchotibia gen. nov. (type species: B. adunatus sp. nov.), of the ... more ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Bronchotibia gen. nov. (type species: B. adunatus sp. nov.), of the subfamily Molytinae in the family Curculionidae is described from Dominican amber. The new genus is similar to the Central American genus Theognete Champion, 1902 but differs in the fused antennomeres 10 and 11 without suture, protibiae with large teeth in apical third directed towards the base, contiguous procoxal cavities, and small body size. There is the first fossil record of the tribe Lymantini.
... 417 FEROSETA PRISCUS (NEUROPTERA: MANTISPIDAE), A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MANTIDFLIES IN DOM... more ... 417 FEROSETA PRISCUS (NEUROPTERA: MANTISPIDAE), A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MANTIDFLIES IN DOMINICAN AMBER GEORGE POINAR, J ... Penny (1982a, b) and Lambkin (1986a, b). Observations, drawings, and photographs were made with a Nikon SMZ-10 ...
Freshwater hairworms (Gordiaceae) and marine hairworms (Nectonematoidea) comprise the phylum Nema... more Freshwater hairworms (Gordiaceae) and marine hairworms (Nectonematoidea) comprise the phylum Nematomorpha. Only the freshwater forms are discussed here. While freshwater hairworms develop as parasites of both aquatic and terrestrial arthropods, they all enter fresh water to mate, oviposit and produce infective stages (preparasitic larvae). The global species diversity of freshwater hairworms based on published descriptions is approximately 326 species and a conservative estimate for the global species diversity in this group would be around 2,000 species.
A fossil mermithid nematode, Heydenius brownii sp. n. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) emerging from a pla... more A fossil mermithid nematode, Heydenius brownii sp. n. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) emerging from a planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Achilidae) in Baltic amber, is described. This is the first parasite of a fossil member of the order Hemiptera. There are no reports of mermithid parasitism of extant achilids; however, other families of planthoppers are attacked by mermithids in North America, Asia and Australia today. This find shows that parasitism of achilid fulgorids by mermithid nematodes was well established some 40 million years ago.
The African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) is a major plantation crop throughout much of th... more The African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) is a major plantation crop throughout much of the Old and NewWorld tropics, and its successful pollination is dependent primarily on the flower weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Faust). Among the several invertebrates found with E. kamerunicus in oil palm flowers are a bacteriophagous nematode and an undescribed mite species of the ascid genus Proctolaelaps.
Une nouvelle espece du genre Procaeculus est decrite de l'ambre de la Republique dominicaine ... more Une nouvelle espece du genre Procaeculus est decrite de l'ambre de la Republique dominicaine (22-26 millions d'annees), ce genre etant encore represente de nos jours dans cette region.
ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Tanyrhamphis gen. nov. (type species: Tanyrhamphis rhadinoalibus sp.... more ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Tanyrhamphis gen. nov. (type species: Tanyrhamphis rhadinoalibus sp. nov.), of the subfamily Conoderinae in the family Curculionidae, is described from Dominican amber. The new genus differs from other genera of the subtribe Madarina in the tibiae lacking an uncus and from the genus Conoproctus Lacordaire, 1865 in a more slender body, the base of the pronotum clearly narrower than the elytra, the prosternum with a rostral channel, the absence of ocular lobes, and a thicker antennal club. The specimen is the first fossil record of the tribe Madarini and the second species of Bariditae from Dominican amber.
An examination of character states in a second Burmese amber specimen of Dacochile microsoma Poin... more An examination of character states in a second Burmese amber specimen of Dacochile microsoma Poinar & Brown from the type locality confirms the original placement of this species in the family Tanyderidae and not the Bruchomyiinae, as proposed by Woodley (2005). Of special interest are a row of heavily sclerotized processes shaped like rose thorns and positioned on the inside of the hind tibiae and first two tarsal segments. These processes, which point upward towards the body, suggest that at least the females of Dacochile supported themselves from vegetation by their hind legs, similar to the behavior of some present-day tanyderids.
Insect Evolution in an Amberiferous and Stone Alphabet, 2013
This chapter describes about a new genus: Lepiceroides pretiosus gen. et sp. n. (Coleoptera: Lepi... more This chapter describes about a new genus: Lepiceroides pretiosus gen. et sp. n. (Coleoptera: Lepiceridae), from Lower Cretaceous Burmese amber, which is closely related to the recent species of Lepicerus . It also reiterates the distinctiveness of the genus Haplochelus within the superfamily Lepiceroidea (Myxophaga) and its unique characteristics as related to the order Coleoptera. The chapter also presents some comments on the evolutionary and systematic significance of the Myxophaga and explanations for the wide family diversification of this group. Phylogenetic scenarios regarding the age and origin of the Myxophaga are also proposed. The structural peculiarities of the united Lepicerus - Lepiceroides - Haplochelus lineage are significant. The synopsis of these three genera makes them rather distinct among the known Myxophaga.In conclusion, differences between the Lepicerus - Haplochelus generic lineages are quite significant, which is why they could be treated in separate, but closely related families. Keywords:Coleoptera; Haplochelus ; Lepiceroides pretiosus ; Lepicerus; Myxophaga; Phylogenetic scenarios
... RAMON GEORGIS ANDGEORGE O. POINAR, JR. Department of Entomology and Parasitology, University ... more ... RAMON GEORGIS ANDGEORGE O. POINAR, JR. Department of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 ... Most soil insecti-cides are not effective against the weevil larvae (Nielsen and Steinhauer 1976). ...
The behaviour and development of Elasmosoma sp., near pergandei Ashm. (Neoneurinae: Braconidae: H... more The behaviour and development of Elasmosoma sp., near pergandei Ashm. (Neoneurinae: Braconidae: Hymenoptera), a parasite of the ant, Formica obscuriventris clivia Creighton, was studied in a coastal sand dune habitat in central Oregon over a 2-year period. Female wasps oviposited into the abdomen of major worker ants after alighting briefly on the host. Embryonic development of the wasp occurred inside the serosal membrane or trophamnion of the egg in the abdomen of the ant host. First instar wasp larvae possessed a large head capsule with falcate mandibles, 11 ventral body lobes, an elongate tail and a dorsally located anus. Second instar larvae were unspecialized and lacked the large head capsule, elongate tail and paired ventral body lobes. Third instar larvae were hymenopteriform with a distinct head capsule. Cocoon formation and adult emergence is described. Observations on the percentage parasitism and altered behaviour of parasitized ants are presented. The association betwee...
Nematodes are one of the most abundant groups of invertebrates on the face of the earth. Their ex... more Nematodes are one of the most abundant groups of invertebrates on the face of the earth. Their extremely poor fossil record hinders our ability to assess just when members of this group invaded land and first became associated with plants. This study reports fossil nematodes from the stomatal chambers of the Early Devonian (396 mya) land plant, Aglaophyton major. These nematodes, which are tentatively assigned to the order Enoplia, are described as Palaeonema phyticum gen. n., sp. n. in the new family Palaeonematidae fam. n. Diagnostic characters of the family are: i) cuticular striations; ii) uniform, cylindrical pharynx with the terminal portion only slightly set off from the remainder; and iii) a two-portioned buccal cavity with the upper portion bearing protuberances. The presence of eggs, juveniles and adults in family clusters within the plant tissues provide the earliest evidence of an association between terrestrial plants and animals and may represent an early stage in the ...
... 785-792 EARLY CRETACEOUS PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLY LARVAE _ (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) GEORGE POINAR,... more ... 785-792 EARLY CRETACEOUS PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLY LARVAE _ (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) GEORGE POINAR, JR., RL JACOBSON, AND CAROL L. EISENBERGER (GP) Department of Zoology, Oregon State University ... 1| I'u.~'.~iI sand fly Irum l)0mi|1ii.':1|1 e1|'1'|I'll ...
Three new weevil species, Stenommatus copalicus sp. nov. (Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae), Conotra... more Three new weevil species, Stenommatus copalicus sp. nov. (Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae), Conotrachelus dysaethrius sp. nov. and Cydianerus eukrinus sp. nov. are described and figured from Quaternary Colombian copal. Keys to recent and fossil species of New World Stenommatus, recent and fossil species of Conotrachelus with broken carinae of the 2nd and 5th elytral intervals and a body size greater than 7.0 mm, and recent and fossil species of New World Cydianerus, are provided. These are the first records of Curculionidae from Colombian copal and the first records of the genera Stenommatus and Cydianerus in Colombia.
... Xue-xin Chen, Fa-yong Lang, Zhi-hong Xu, Jun-hua He and Yun Ma / The occur-rence of leafminer... more ... Xue-xin Chen, Fa-yong Lang, Zhi-hong Xu, Jun-hua He and Yun Ma / The occur-rence of leafminers and their parasitoids on ... Juan Calvo, Viviana Calvente, María Edith de Orellano, Delia Benuzzi and Maria Isable Sanz de Tosetti / Improvement in the biocontrol of postharvest ...
A new species of silvanid flat bark beetle, Protoliota paleus sp. nov., is described from mid-Cre... more A new species of silvanid flat bark beetle, Protoliota paleus sp. nov., is described from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber. Protoliota paleus nov. sp. differs from a previous member of the genus described in Burmese amber by its small body size, weakly protruding eyes, long mandibles, and narrow pronotum. The new fossil is characterized by extremely elongate antennae and setiferous pads on its fore tarsus. Discussion is presented on the purpose of both of these attributes and how they could play a role in the survival of the species. A list of the superfamily Cucujoidea described from Burmese amber is included.
ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Bronchotibia gen. nov. (type species: B. adunatus sp. nov.), of the ... more ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Bronchotibia gen. nov. (type species: B. adunatus sp. nov.), of the subfamily Molytinae in the family Curculionidae is described from Dominican amber. The new genus is similar to the Central American genus Theognete Champion, 1902 but differs in the fused antennomeres 10 and 11 without suture, protibiae with large teeth in apical third directed towards the base, contiguous procoxal cavities, and small body size. There is the first fossil record of the tribe Lymantini.
... 417 FEROSETA PRISCUS (NEUROPTERA: MANTISPIDAE), A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MANTIDFLIES IN DOM... more ... 417 FEROSETA PRISCUS (NEUROPTERA: MANTISPIDAE), A NEW GENUS AND SPECIES OF MANTIDFLIES IN DOMINICAN AMBER GEORGE POINAR, J ... Penny (1982a, b) and Lambkin (1986a, b). Observations, drawings, and photographs were made with a Nikon SMZ-10 ...
Freshwater hairworms (Gordiaceae) and marine hairworms (Nectonematoidea) comprise the phylum Nema... more Freshwater hairworms (Gordiaceae) and marine hairworms (Nectonematoidea) comprise the phylum Nematomorpha. Only the freshwater forms are discussed here. While freshwater hairworms develop as parasites of both aquatic and terrestrial arthropods, they all enter fresh water to mate, oviposit and produce infective stages (preparasitic larvae). The global species diversity of freshwater hairworms based on published descriptions is approximately 326 species and a conservative estimate for the global species diversity in this group would be around 2,000 species.
A fossil mermithid nematode, Heydenius brownii sp. n. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) emerging from a pla... more A fossil mermithid nematode, Heydenius brownii sp. n. (Nematoda: Mermithidae) emerging from a planthopper (Hemiptera: Fulgoroidea: Achilidae) in Baltic amber, is described. This is the first parasite of a fossil member of the order Hemiptera. There are no reports of mermithid parasitism of extant achilids; however, other families of planthoppers are attacked by mermithids in North America, Asia and Australia today. This find shows that parasitism of achilid fulgorids by mermithid nematodes was well established some 40 million years ago.
The African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) is a major plantation crop throughout much of th... more The African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacquin) is a major plantation crop throughout much of the Old and NewWorld tropics, and its successful pollination is dependent primarily on the flower weevil, Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Faust). Among the several invertebrates found with E. kamerunicus in oil palm flowers are a bacteriophagous nematode and an undescribed mite species of the ascid genus Proctolaelaps.
Une nouvelle espece du genre Procaeculus est decrite de l'ambre de la Republique dominicaine ... more Une nouvelle espece du genre Procaeculus est decrite de l'ambre de la Republique dominicaine (22-26 millions d'annees), ce genre etant encore represente de nos jours dans cette region.
ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Tanyrhamphis gen. nov. (type species: Tanyrhamphis rhadinoalibus sp.... more ABSTRACT A new weevil genus, Tanyrhamphis gen. nov. (type species: Tanyrhamphis rhadinoalibus sp. nov.), of the subfamily Conoderinae in the family Curculionidae, is described from Dominican amber. The new genus differs from other genera of the subtribe Madarina in the tibiae lacking an uncus and from the genus Conoproctus Lacordaire, 1865 in a more slender body, the base of the pronotum clearly narrower than the elytra, the prosternum with a rostral channel, the absence of ocular lobes, and a thicker antennal club. The specimen is the first fossil record of the tribe Madarini and the second species of Bariditae from Dominican amber.
An examination of character states in a second Burmese amber specimen of Dacochile microsoma Poin... more An examination of character states in a second Burmese amber specimen of Dacochile microsoma Poinar & Brown from the type locality confirms the original placement of this species in the family Tanyderidae and not the Bruchomyiinae, as proposed by Woodley (2005). Of special interest are a row of heavily sclerotized processes shaped like rose thorns and positioned on the inside of the hind tibiae and first two tarsal segments. These processes, which point upward towards the body, suggest that at least the females of Dacochile supported themselves from vegetation by their hind legs, similar to the behavior of some present-day tanyderids.
Insect Evolution in an Amberiferous and Stone Alphabet, 2013
This chapter describes about a new genus: Lepiceroides pretiosus gen. et sp. n. (Coleoptera: Lepi... more This chapter describes about a new genus: Lepiceroides pretiosus gen. et sp. n. (Coleoptera: Lepiceridae), from Lower Cretaceous Burmese amber, which is closely related to the recent species of Lepicerus . It also reiterates the distinctiveness of the genus Haplochelus within the superfamily Lepiceroidea (Myxophaga) and its unique characteristics as related to the order Coleoptera. The chapter also presents some comments on the evolutionary and systematic significance of the Myxophaga and explanations for the wide family diversification of this group. Phylogenetic scenarios regarding the age and origin of the Myxophaga are also proposed. The structural peculiarities of the united Lepicerus - Lepiceroides - Haplochelus lineage are significant. The synopsis of these three genera makes them rather distinct among the known Myxophaga.In conclusion, differences between the Lepicerus - Haplochelus generic lineages are quite significant, which is why they could be treated in separate, but closely related families. Keywords:Coleoptera; Haplochelus ; Lepiceroides pretiosus ; Lepicerus; Myxophaga; Phylogenetic scenarios
... RAMON GEORGIS ANDGEORGE O. POINAR, JR. Department of Entomology and Parasitology, University ... more ... RAMON GEORGIS ANDGEORGE O. POINAR, JR. Department of Entomology and Parasitology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720 ... Most soil insecti-cides are not effective against the weevil larvae (Nielsen and Steinhauer 1976). ...
The behaviour and development of Elasmosoma sp., near pergandei Ashm. (Neoneurinae: Braconidae: H... more The behaviour and development of Elasmosoma sp., near pergandei Ashm. (Neoneurinae: Braconidae: Hymenoptera), a parasite of the ant, Formica obscuriventris clivia Creighton, was studied in a coastal sand dune habitat in central Oregon over a 2-year period. Female wasps oviposited into the abdomen of major worker ants after alighting briefly on the host. Embryonic development of the wasp occurred inside the serosal membrane or trophamnion of the egg in the abdomen of the ant host. First instar wasp larvae possessed a large head capsule with falcate mandibles, 11 ventral body lobes, an elongate tail and a dorsally located anus. Second instar larvae were unspecialized and lacked the large head capsule, elongate tail and paired ventral body lobes. Third instar larvae were hymenopteriform with a distinct head capsule. Cocoon formation and adult emergence is described. Observations on the percentage parasitism and altered behaviour of parasitized ants are presented. The association betwee...
Nematodes are one of the most abundant groups of invertebrates on the face of the earth. Their ex... more Nematodes are one of the most abundant groups of invertebrates on the face of the earth. Their extremely poor fossil record hinders our ability to assess just when members of this group invaded land and first became associated with plants. This study reports fossil nematodes from the stomatal chambers of the Early Devonian (396 mya) land plant, Aglaophyton major. These nematodes, which are tentatively assigned to the order Enoplia, are described as Palaeonema phyticum gen. n., sp. n. in the new family Palaeonematidae fam. n. Diagnostic characters of the family are: i) cuticular striations; ii) uniform, cylindrical pharynx with the terminal portion only slightly set off from the remainder; and iii) a two-portioned buccal cavity with the upper portion bearing protuberances. The presence of eggs, juveniles and adults in family clusters within the plant tissues provide the earliest evidence of an association between terrestrial plants and animals and may represent an early stage in the ...
... 785-792 EARLY CRETACEOUS PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLY LARVAE _ (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) GEORGE POINAR,... more ... 785-792 EARLY CRETACEOUS PHLEBOTOMINE SAND FLY LARVAE _ (DIPTERA: PSYCHODIDAE) GEORGE POINAR, JR., RL JACOBSON, AND CAROL L. EISENBERGER (GP) Department of Zoology, Oregon State University ... 1| I'u.~'.~iI sand fly Irum l)0mi|1ii.':1|1 e1|'1'|I'll ...
Three new weevil species, Stenommatus copalicus sp. nov. (Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae), Conotra... more Three new weevil species, Stenommatus copalicus sp. nov. (Curculionidae: Dryophthorinae), Conotrachelus dysaethrius sp. nov. and Cydianerus eukrinus sp. nov. are described and figured from Quaternary Colombian copal. Keys to recent and fossil species of New World Stenommatus, recent and fossil species of Conotrachelus with broken carinae of the 2nd and 5th elytral intervals and a body size greater than 7.0 mm, and recent and fossil species of New World Cydianerus, are provided. These are the first records of Curculionidae from Colombian copal and the first records of the genera Stenommatus and Cydianerus in Colombia.
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