Papers by GJR Publication
Global Journal of Research in Business Management, 2024
This study examined the effect of audit committee characteristics on audit report lag of listed c... more This study examined the effect of audit committee characteristics on audit report lag of listed consumer goods
companies in Nigeria. Data for the study were derived from annual reports of ten consumer goods companies listed
on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2012 to 2022. The data were analyzed using auto regressive
distributive lag and the regression estimation results revealed that a positive and significant relationship exists
between audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee expertise. Positive but insignificant
relationship between audit committee meetings and audit report lag, positive and significant relationship exist
between leverage and audit report lag, a negative and insignificant relationship between board size and audit
report lag of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The study concluded that audit committee size,
independence and expertise affect audit report lag while audit committee meeting does not affect audit report lag.
Therefore, the study recommends that membership of audit committee should possess some level of knowledge and
experience in accounting profession to understand all aspects of accounting to be able to carry out their functions
well. Government should make a policy that can categorically spell out the days allowed for reporting of audited
financial statements of companies in order to reduce audit lag.
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Global Journal of Research in Business Management, 2024
This study investigates the effect of lending policies on the financial performance of Deposit Mo... more This study investigates the effect of lending policies on the financial performance of Deposit Money Banks (DMBs)
in Nigeria. The study explores the effects of central bank policies, deposit sizes, decision-making levels, guarantees,
interest rates, and control mechanisms on DMBs' financial outcomes. Drawing from a conceptual framework that
highlights the intricate relationship between lending policies, regulatory guidelines, economic factors, and risk
management, the study employs a non-probabilistic Quota sampling technique to gather data from 130 Credit
Officers across thirteen DMBs listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Using both primary (questionnaires) and
secondary data sources, the study employs statistical analyses, including multiple and simple linear regression, to
evaluate the hypothesis-driven relationships. Findings reveal significant correlations among policy variables, with
nuanced impacts on financial performance. While overall lending policies demonstrate a substantial influence,
individual variables such as supervision, decision-making in loan granting, and deposit volume exhibit pronounced
effects, leading to recommendations for DMBs to develop efficient lending policies, enhance decision-making
processes, utilize technology for credit management, and establish robust control mechanisms.
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Global Journal of Research in Dental Sciences, 2024
There is a well-said old age folklore saying regarding permanent Canines referring ‘lucky’ teeth.... more There is a well-said old age folklore saying regarding permanent Canines referring ‘lucky’ teeth. However, review
of dental anomalies literature shows various types of permanent canine’s pathological conditions like ‘canine
transmigration,’ ‘kissing canines’, ‘canine impaction,’ ‘canine transposition’ and ‘ectopic canine eruption.’ In the
above-mentioned dental phenomenon either single or two canines are affected. In this article, all four permanent
canines including maxillary and mandibular canine teeth were pathologically sacrificed and found associated with
different dental phenomenon representing a rarest dental entity not reported till date in the dental literature.
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Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2024
OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence, aetiological factors and fetomaternal outcome of uterine... more OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence, aetiological factors and fetomaternal outcome of uterine rupture at
the Mother and Child Hospital during the period of free maternal health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of all the cases of uterine rupture managed between
January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015. Case notes of patients who had uterine rupture were retrieved from the
record department and their vital information was transcribed into a study proforma. The information was
analysed using SPSS version 25 with frequencies and percentage represented by appropriate statistical tables.
RESULTS: The total number of deliveries within this period of review was 9217 and 105 were uterine rupture
giving a prevalence of 1.1% or 1 in 88 deliveries, 30-34 age group was mostly affected (85%) with majority of them
having only primary school education (89%). Combination of aetiological factors was found, mostly inappropriate
use of uterotonics with prolonged obstructed labour or inappropriate use of uterotonics with previous scar, all the
patients first presented at traditional birth homes where they were given intramuscular uterotonics. There were 12
and 97 maternal and fetal deaths respectively giving a case fatality rate of 11% and perinatal mortality of 10.52.
CONCLUSION: In this study, there was reduction in case fatality rate as a result of free maternal health which
eliminated phase two and three delays in emergency maternity care during the study period.
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Global Journal of Research in Engineering & Computer Sciences, 2024
This study explains the methodology for providing fully developed flow for waste exhaust gas at t... more This study explains the methodology for providing fully developed flow for waste exhaust gas at the inlet region of
a heat pipe air recuperator
A fully developed flow must be provided for the waste exhaust gas at the inlet of the heat pipe air recuperator.
Considering the hydrodynamic and thermal inlet lengths, the condition in which the inlet effects are limited and
fully developed flow occurs can be determined as follows.
In order to obtain fully developed flow at the entrance of the waste exhaust gas to the heat pipe air recuperator, the
gas will need to flow a certain distance within the inlet channel before entering the recuperator. In order to
determine the distance required for the formation of the fully developed flow in question and thus to calculate the
gas inlet side channel length, it must first be determined whether the in-channel flow is laminar or turbulent.
In this case, the first determining parameter to be calculated will be the Reynolds number. [1], [2], [3], [4], [5],
[6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26],
[27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36].
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Global Journal of Research in Humanities & Cultural Studies, 2024
Digital authoritarianism in China, however, is characterised by more sophisticated and far-reachi... more Digital authoritarianism in China, however, is characterised by more sophisticated and far-reaching governance, alongside sophisticated use of technology to monitor, censor, and modify information, which often leads to restrictions over online freedom of expression and access to knowledge. In particular, knowledge promoting resistance to ideological thinking, limiting a pro-human Web and more open higher learning (Day et al., 2015). Across such environments, students may be compelled to break local Internet laws via VPNs and pirating content to circumvent censorship. They could do so to access educational materials or information otherwise blocked and unavailable. One consequence of authoritarianism is the widespread censorship of online content, including resources, academic journals, and materials crucial for learning and research. Universities may also face limited access to legitimate sources. So, some students may resort to using VPNs, which are illegal in China, to bypass Internet restrictions and access censored websites.
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Global Journal of Research in Humanities & Cultural Studies, 2024
The current article focuses on a triad. The components of the triad are ‘Social Work’, ‘Public He... more The current article focuses on a triad. The components of the triad are ‘Social Work’, ‘Public Health’ &
‘Community Medicine’. Health is a basic need through which any community’s development is done. Through the
concept of public health, the basics of Social Work (SW) are detailed out & commonalities are evolved.
On the other hand, under the umbrella of public health, the concept of community medicine emerged. There is
actually bilateral traffic among the triad. The concept of social work & community medicine is closely interrelated
in the domain of public health.
The article cites examples of community medicine through the lens of social work that are embedded in the context
of public health. The article also aspires that the beginners of social science will be able to develop a
comprehensive understanding of the triangle that comprises of the three branches of community development.
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Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2024
The current article looks into the scientific aspects of hot & cold foods. Although the nose has ... more The current article looks into the scientific aspects of hot & cold foods. Although the nose has a role in the preference
of hot & food foods, the article focuses upon the tongue & its role primarily. Individuals have different preferences
regarding hot & cold foods. Here, the article links homoeopathy which use the preference of hot foods & cold foods
by each individual to prescribe differently for each individual based upon their hot & cold preferences.
Besides, the nose & the tongue, the skin also has a role in the process of preference of hot foods. Here also,
homoeopathy has different prescriptions based upon the process of sweating & eating. Hence, the science of bio
chemistry in hot & cold foods becomes an individualistic feature while seen through the homoeopathic lens.
In the distal part of the article, there is a suggested treatment protocol based on the preference of hot & cold foods
for individuals. These drugs are suitable to the individuals for any issue that they may face in their lives. These drugs
become constitutional, polychrest, deep acting for these individuals. The population at large should involve a
professional homoeopath while using these therapeutic approaches.
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Global Journal of Research in Agriculture & Life Sciences, 2024
To combat insufficient space for planting food, insecurity and to ensure the availability of adeq... more To combat insufficient space for planting food, insecurity and to ensure the availability of adequate food nutrients
crops are grown in different media. In this study, three yam varieties: Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea rotundata, and
Dioscorea cayennesis were sourced from a local market in Ebonyi State and divided into two portions. One portion
was processed into flour and was evaluated the second portion of the yam was planted in two different planting
media: soil and bag and their nutrient composition was assessed. The result generated the mineral composition of
Mg, P, K of the yam samples were better improved and retained when planted in direct soil than in bags, except
DR in which the P content was better retained in DRB than DRS. The mineral composition of calculi is retained
better when planted in bags than in direct soil except in DR.
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Global Journal of Research in Business Management, 2024
Small-scale enterprises provide employment and development. The aim of this study seeks to assess... more Small-scale enterprises provide employment and development. The aim of this study seeks to assess the socioeconomic impact of small-scale enterprises on residence of Mubi North local government area of Adamawa state.
The objectives of this study seek to find the type of small scale enterprises found in the study area, to examine the
adequacy of small-scale enterprises in the area, examine the factors affecting and examine the impact on the
environment. Relevant literatures were reviewed for this study. Closed ended questionnaires were administered to
100 entrepreneurs and those working in small scale enterprises of the selected types which include pure water,
tailoring, bakery, furniture making and block enterprises in which interviews were conducted with a view of
obtaining additional information. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the
form of frequencies and tables. Findings from the studies revealed that small- scale enterprises help in boosting
socio-economic growth hence, help in reducing unemployment rate, poverty etc. The activities of small-scale
enterprises also have some negative impact on the environment and the residence of Mubi. The study therefore
recommends that, there should be an increase in the technological and equipment based enterprises, the use of
modern machineries should be adopted so also Government should continue to provide direct subsidies to smallscale enterprises operators which will help them in accessing raw materials, granting of tax moratorium etc.
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Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2024
Fungi spoiling organisms are silently invading, acidifying, fermenting, discoloring, and disinteg... more Fungi spoiling organisms are silently invading, acidifying, fermenting, discoloring, and disintegrating microbes
that render food products unpalatable and unsafe for human consumption. This study aimed at isolation and
identification of fungi from packed and unpacked milk, corn flour and soya bean. These samples were randomly
purchased from vendors in Ekeonuwa market, Owerri and were analyzed using standard microbiological
techniques. The findings of this study showed the presence of fungi contamination in these food products except for
packed milk which had no fungi growth. The packed corn flour had a total fungi count of 3.1 x 104 Cfu/g, while
soya bean flour had a total fungi count of 2.9 x 104 Cfu/g. However, the unpacked milk had a total fungus count of
3.2 x 105
cfu/g, corn flour had 3.7 x 105
cfu/g and soya bean had 3.0 x 105 cfu/g. Four genera of fungi were
identified which are; Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Mucor and Penicillium. These fungi had various percentage
occurrences. Aspergillus spp. was found to have the highest percentage occurrence of 35.7%, Penicillium spp. had
28.6%, Rhizopus spp. had 21.4% while Fusarium spp. had the least percentage of 14.3%. The recovery of these
fungi from this research shows that there is fear of consumption of mycotoxins because of their serious health
implication, as they can be highly toxic and carcinogenic, thus rendering the food products unfit for human and
animal consumption.
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Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2024
Those that release blood group antigens in their tears, perspiration, saliva, semen, and serum ar... more Those that release blood group antigens in their tears, perspiration, saliva, semen, and serum are said to have
secretor status. People who do not release their blood group antigens into their bodily fluids are known as nonsecretors. One's vulnerability to certain diseases and infections is increased when blood type antigens are absent
from bodily fluids. The risk of developing bacterial and viral infections, cancerous and precancerous oral
disorders, chronic periodontitis, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, heart disease, and dental caries is higher in nonsecretors. The secretor gene produces the enzyme fucosyltransferase 2. The sugar moiety of glycolipids and
glycoproteins is enhanced by this enzyme with fucose. H is created in secretions by fucosyltransferase 2 on
precursor oligosaccharides chain (type A). Fucosyltransferase 3 can produce Le/b by incorporating fucose into H.
Therefore, everyone with a Le/b phenotype is a secretor. Fucosylated oligosaccharides are present on the surface
of cells and are involved in a number of important biological processes, including adhesion, motility, and
differentiation. Compared to non-secretors, ABH secretors' saliva and other bodily secretions include a significant
amount of carbohydrates.
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Global Journal of Research in Engineering & Computer Sciences, 2024
Pipelines are the most popular and extensively utilised means of transporting gases and liquids t... more Pipelines are the most popular and extensively utilised means of transporting gases and liquids today. Regular
inspection is crucial for their proper functioning and sustainability. However, human inspection poses significant
safety risks, necessitating alternative solutions. The fourth industrial revolution, 4.0 invented pipeline inspection
robots, eliminating the need for humans to enter potentially hazardous pipelines. Despite advancements, pipeline
robots still face challenges. This study explores issues, opportunities, and solutions related to pipeline inspection
robots in industry 4.0. The incorporation of this technology aids in resolving numerous issues, including: fluid or
gas pipeline leaks; rust accumulation; and broken pipes. This research discusses the drawbacks of pipeline
inspection robots and potential opportunities and proposes solutions to optimise their performance.
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Global Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 2024
Newly developed API cilnidipine from BCS class-II which has high permeability and low solubility ... more Newly developed API cilnidipine from BCS class-II which has high permeability and low solubility hence increased
solubility by smart film tablet. The main objective of the work was to improve the drug dissolution rate using smart
film technology. The smart film technique is a novel approach to overcome poor solubility. The technique uses
commercial paper in which cilnidipine drug can be loaded onto the paper, it can be a creative and innovative way
to increase the dissolution rate of cilnidipine drug. The tablets appear shiny and with a smooth surface. The
pharmaceutical quality was acceptable, i.e. all tablets fulfilled the requirements for tablets. Drug-loaded tablets
were produced by compression of drug-loaded paper. Drug loading did not alter the pharmaceutical quality.
However, the uncoated tablets possessed an extremely fast disintegration, i.e. intense swelling upon contact with
water, which might hamper the swallowing after oral administration. In fact, tablets made from paper are a novel
and promising strategy for improved oral drug delivery. They can be easily produced without any further excipients
and possess pharmaceutical quantity. These are the different papers like Kitchen roll, disposable handkerchief,
coffee filter paper, and envelope paper which are used in preparation of smart film tablet. Tablets were subjected
to characterization such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, drug content, disintegration time, and
In-vitro drug release. The In vitro drug release in optimized formulation T1 was found to be 99.21 % in 5 min and
disintegration time was found to be 14 sec.In vitro dissolution results are subjected to statistical analysis and found
that the formulation (T1) has shown an increased dissolution rate (99.21% at 5 min), compared to the marketed
formulation (36.71%in 5min ).
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Global Journal of Research in Agriculture & Life Sciences, 2024
Releasing of improved bread wheat varieties plays a significant role in increasing the production... more Releasing of improved bread wheat varieties plays a significant role in increasing the production and productivity.
Many Bread wheat varieties have been released so far in the Ethiopia by different National and Regional Research
centers. But most of them are pushed out of production within few years of their release due to biotic factors
(mainly rusts). The objective of this study was to evaluate and release high yielding and stable variety. Hachalu
(RANA96/SIDS-1) is ICARDA crossing material formerly introduced to SARC as ICARDA screening nursery in
2014 cropping season. Based on its performance the genotype promoted from screening to observation and then
transferred to variety yield trial 2017 under multi-location for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) at Sinana,
Agarfa and Goba. Hachalu had performed better than all genotypes and checks. The yield advantage of Hachalu
was 8.9% over standard check Sanate. On research field, Hachalu gave grain yield ranging from 5.29-6.37ton ha-1
and 4.19-5.12 ton ha-1 on farmers field. Hachalu has erect juvenile plant growth, a semi-erected flag leaf with
broad leaf width. The spike is owned, medium-dense spike type, and tapering. The kernel is amber color and
relatively medium-tall variety with 103.7cm height with high tillering capacity. The genotypes with PCA1 scores
close to zero expressed general adaptation accordingly, genotype G13 (Hachalu) with its relative IPC1 scores close
to zero, has less response to the interaction and showed general adaptation to the test environments. The released
variety Hachalu has moderately susceptible reaction to both stem rust and yellow rust with 10% and 5% severity,
respectively. SARC will maintain breeder seed and small quantities of seed for research purposes may be obtained
from the corresponding wheat breeders in Center. Small holder farmers, private investors and seed enterprises can
benefit more from producing Hachalu variety following its full production package.
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Global Journal of Research in Engineering & Computer Sciences, 2024
High fever illness claims numerous lives annually, prompting this essay’s exploring of innovative... more High fever illness claims numerous lives annually, prompting this essay’s exploring of innovative solutions. The
fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) offers technological advancements, including digital inventions, to address this
challenge. Non-contact temperature detection systems utilise infrared radiation to measure object temperatures
and ambient surroundings. Recent microelectronics and electronic advancements enable the development of
reliable, affordable monitoring systems for businesses, organisations, institutions, schools, and individuals to
identify high-temperature patients and prevent disease spread. This study examines the benefits of temperature
monitoring systems, highlighting their potential to save lives and enhance public health.
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Global Journal of Research in Business Management, 2024
AI-driven personalization is a potent tool for enhancing consumer purchasing decisions and custom... more AI-driven personalization is a potent tool for enhancing consumer purchasing decisions and customer satisfaction
in Nigeria’s fashion industry. This study examined the effect of AI-driven personalisation on consumer purchasing
decisions and customer satisfaction in the fashion industry in Nigeria and the effect of product recommendations,
virtual try-ons and fitting rooms, and personalized styling advice on consumer purchasing decisions and customer
satisfaction in the fashion industry in Nigeria. The study adopted the survey method. The population of the study
was 200customers of the 4 prominent online fashion retail platforms in Nigeria. Census sampling was adopted and
all the 200 served as the sample size. A structured-self-administered questionnaire was adopted as the major
instrument for collecting primary data. Regression analysis was used as a technique of data analysis. Study
findings revealed specifically that, product recommendations play a crucial role in influencing purchase decisions,
while personalized styling advice has the most substantial impact on customer satisfaction. Virtual try-ons and
fitting rooms, though less influential, still contribute positively to both purchasing decisions and satisfaction. The
study therefore recommends among others that fashion retailers should invest in advanced AI algorithms to
improve the accuracy and relevance of product recommendations by partnering with AI specialists to refine
recommendation systems based on consumer data and preferences.
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Global Journal of Research in Engineering & Computer Sciences, 2024
In this article, the working fluid to be placed in the Heat Pipes of a selected Heat Pipe Air Rec... more In this article, the working fluid to be placed in the Heat Pipes of a selected Heat Pipe Air Recuperator and the
filling amount of this fluid will be determined by calculation.
In the heat pipe air recuperator selected for calculations, there are a total of 18 heat pipes to be filled with working
fluid. The amount of working fluid to be filled into each heat pipe is determined by calculation, and the inside of
the pipes are put under vacuum before filling and the air inside them is taken out. Afterwards, fluid filling is
performed.
Since "water" is selected as the working fluid for the heat pipe, the calculated amount of demineralized boiler feed
water will be used in the filling process.
Wick materials made of stainless steel and having two different pore numbers (meshes) are placed in the pipes.
Since both types of wicks were placed in the pipes in two layers, a total of 4-layer wick structure was obtained,
with 120 mesh wicks in 2 layers and 200 mesh wicks in 2 layers, thus placing them in the pipes of the recuperator.
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23],
[24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [37].
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Global Journal of Research in Education & Literature, 2024
Hunger and malnutrition have not been able to be successfully addressed for a number of years in ... more Hunger and malnutrition have not been able to be successfully addressed for a number of years in Africa, and these
led to poor diet, which is the foremost among the causes of micronutrient deficiencies in the continent. Vitamin A
deficiency is an important micronutrient deficiency prevailing in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa; this imposed threats
to children and pregnant women in the continents as well. As a result of this, efforts have been made to develop and
distribute vitamin-A-enriched cassava varieties across continents through a process known as biofortification.
Biofortification is an innovative process of enhancing the micronutrient composition of food crops to caution
against the effects of micronutrient deficiencies. Boi-fortified cassava is, therefore, not just a food crop but as a
major source of health benefits and cash income for producers in comparison with other staple crops. It contributes
positively to poverty alleviation by generating income for the vast number of households. Industrial applications for
cassava include the production of starch, high-quality cassava flour, ethanol, cassava chips, and dried pellets.
Cassava leaves are nutritious vegetables and can be used as animal feed. Pro-vitamin A cassava varieties have a
high potential to reduce poverty and malnutrition among the smallholder farm households in Nigeria. In light of the
above, this paper used available literature to look into the following: analysis of pro-vitamin A cassava enterprise:
implications to health benefits, diffusion and consumption update of pro-vitamin A cassava varieties released in
Nigeria, and challenges of delivering pro-vitamin A cassava to the end users.
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Global Journal of Research in Education & Literature, 2024
This study explores the role of cooperatives as a vital instrument for agricultural transformatio... more This study explores the role of cooperatives as a vital instrument for agricultural transformation in Imo State,
Nigeria. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economic growth and food security of the region. However, the
sector faces various challenges, including limited access to credit, insufficient resources, and fragmented
production practices. To address these issues, cooperatives have emerged as a significant mechanism to promote
collective action, resource pooling, and knowledge sharing among farmers. This research examines the impact of
cooperatives in enhancing agricultural productivity, income generation, and socio-economic well-being of farmers
in Imo State. The study therefore assessed the various cooperative models adopted in the state, including producer,
marketing, and financial cooperatives, to determine their effectiveness in promoting agricultural productivity,
income enhancement, and market access for smallholder farmers. It also investigates the role of cooperatives in
fostering sustainable agricultural practices, promoting gender equality, and mitigating rural poverty. Cooperatives
have contributed significantly to improved agricultural practices, increased market access, and enhanced
bargaining power for farmers. Furthermore, cooperatives have facilitated technology adoption, access to credit,
and capacity building initiatives that have strengthened the agricultural sector. However, challenges such as
governance issues, inadequate infrastructure, and limited government support persist. This study however,
underscores the crucial role of cooperatives as an instrument for agricultural transformation in Imo State Nigeria,
highlighting the need for continuous support, policy reforms, and collaborative efforts from various stakeholders to
sustain and maximize the benefits of agricultural cooperatives in the region.
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Papers by GJR Publication
companies in Nigeria. Data for the study were derived from annual reports of ten consumer goods companies listed
on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2012 to 2022. The data were analyzed using auto regressive
distributive lag and the regression estimation results revealed that a positive and significant relationship exists
between audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee expertise. Positive but insignificant
relationship between audit committee meetings and audit report lag, positive and significant relationship exist
between leverage and audit report lag, a negative and insignificant relationship between board size and audit
report lag of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The study concluded that audit committee size,
independence and expertise affect audit report lag while audit committee meeting does not affect audit report lag.
Therefore, the study recommends that membership of audit committee should possess some level of knowledge and
experience in accounting profession to understand all aspects of accounting to be able to carry out their functions
well. Government should make a policy that can categorically spell out the days allowed for reporting of audited
financial statements of companies in order to reduce audit lag.
in Nigeria. The study explores the effects of central bank policies, deposit sizes, decision-making levels, guarantees,
interest rates, and control mechanisms on DMBs' financial outcomes. Drawing from a conceptual framework that
highlights the intricate relationship between lending policies, regulatory guidelines, economic factors, and risk
management, the study employs a non-probabilistic Quota sampling technique to gather data from 130 Credit
Officers across thirteen DMBs listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Using both primary (questionnaires) and
secondary data sources, the study employs statistical analyses, including multiple and simple linear regression, to
evaluate the hypothesis-driven relationships. Findings reveal significant correlations among policy variables, with
nuanced impacts on financial performance. While overall lending policies demonstrate a substantial influence,
individual variables such as supervision, decision-making in loan granting, and deposit volume exhibit pronounced
effects, leading to recommendations for DMBs to develop efficient lending policies, enhance decision-making
processes, utilize technology for credit management, and establish robust control mechanisms.
of dental anomalies literature shows various types of permanent canine’s pathological conditions like ‘canine
transmigration,’ ‘kissing canines’, ‘canine impaction,’ ‘canine transposition’ and ‘ectopic canine eruption.’ In the
above-mentioned dental phenomenon either single or two canines are affected. In this article, all four permanent
canines including maxillary and mandibular canine teeth were pathologically sacrificed and found associated with
different dental phenomenon representing a rarest dental entity not reported till date in the dental literature.
the Mother and Child Hospital during the period of free maternal health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of all the cases of uterine rupture managed between
January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015. Case notes of patients who had uterine rupture were retrieved from the
record department and their vital information was transcribed into a study proforma. The information was
analysed using SPSS version 25 with frequencies and percentage represented by appropriate statistical tables.
RESULTS: The total number of deliveries within this period of review was 9217 and 105 were uterine rupture
giving a prevalence of 1.1% or 1 in 88 deliveries, 30-34 age group was mostly affected (85%) with majority of them
having only primary school education (89%). Combination of aetiological factors was found, mostly inappropriate
use of uterotonics with prolonged obstructed labour or inappropriate use of uterotonics with previous scar, all the
patients first presented at traditional birth homes where they were given intramuscular uterotonics. There were 12
and 97 maternal and fetal deaths respectively giving a case fatality rate of 11% and perinatal mortality of 10.52.
CONCLUSION: In this study, there was reduction in case fatality rate as a result of free maternal health which
eliminated phase two and three delays in emergency maternity care during the study period.
a heat pipe air recuperator
A fully developed flow must be provided for the waste exhaust gas at the inlet of the heat pipe air recuperator.
Considering the hydrodynamic and thermal inlet lengths, the condition in which the inlet effects are limited and
fully developed flow occurs can be determined as follows.
In order to obtain fully developed flow at the entrance of the waste exhaust gas to the heat pipe air recuperator, the
gas will need to flow a certain distance within the inlet channel before entering the recuperator. In order to
determine the distance required for the formation of the fully developed flow in question and thus to calculate the
gas inlet side channel length, it must first be determined whether the in-channel flow is laminar or turbulent.
In this case, the first determining parameter to be calculated will be the Reynolds number. [1], [2], [3], [4], [5],
[6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26],
[27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36].
‘Community Medicine’. Health is a basic need through which any community’s development is done. Through the
concept of public health, the basics of Social Work (SW) are detailed out & commonalities are evolved.
On the other hand, under the umbrella of public health, the concept of community medicine emerged. There is
actually bilateral traffic among the triad. The concept of social work & community medicine is closely interrelated
in the domain of public health.
The article cites examples of community medicine through the lens of social work that are embedded in the context
of public health. The article also aspires that the beginners of social science will be able to develop a
comprehensive understanding of the triangle that comprises of the three branches of community development.
of hot & food foods, the article focuses upon the tongue & its role primarily. Individuals have different preferences
regarding hot & cold foods. Here, the article links homoeopathy which use the preference of hot foods & cold foods
by each individual to prescribe differently for each individual based upon their hot & cold preferences.
Besides, the nose & the tongue, the skin also has a role in the process of preference of hot foods. Here also,
homoeopathy has different prescriptions based upon the process of sweating & eating. Hence, the science of bio
chemistry in hot & cold foods becomes an individualistic feature while seen through the homoeopathic lens.
In the distal part of the article, there is a suggested treatment protocol based on the preference of hot & cold foods
for individuals. These drugs are suitable to the individuals for any issue that they may face in their lives. These drugs
become constitutional, polychrest, deep acting for these individuals. The population at large should involve a
professional homoeopath while using these therapeutic approaches.
crops are grown in different media. In this study, three yam varieties: Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea rotundata, and
Dioscorea cayennesis were sourced from a local market in Ebonyi State and divided into two portions. One portion
was processed into flour and was evaluated the second portion of the yam was planted in two different planting
media: soil and bag and their nutrient composition was assessed. The result generated the mineral composition of
Mg, P, K of the yam samples were better improved and retained when planted in direct soil than in bags, except
DR in which the P content was better retained in DRB than DRS. The mineral composition of calculi is retained
better when planted in bags than in direct soil except in DR.
The objectives of this study seek to find the type of small scale enterprises found in the study area, to examine the
adequacy of small-scale enterprises in the area, examine the factors affecting and examine the impact on the
environment. Relevant literatures were reviewed for this study. Closed ended questionnaires were administered to
100 entrepreneurs and those working in small scale enterprises of the selected types which include pure water,
tailoring, bakery, furniture making and block enterprises in which interviews were conducted with a view of
obtaining additional information. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the
form of frequencies and tables. Findings from the studies revealed that small- scale enterprises help in boosting
socio-economic growth hence, help in reducing unemployment rate, poverty etc. The activities of small-scale
enterprises also have some negative impact on the environment and the residence of Mubi. The study therefore
recommends that, there should be an increase in the technological and equipment based enterprises, the use of
modern machineries should be adopted so also Government should continue to provide direct subsidies to smallscale enterprises operators which will help them in accessing raw materials, granting of tax moratorium etc.
that render food products unpalatable and unsafe for human consumption. This study aimed at isolation and
identification of fungi from packed and unpacked milk, corn flour and soya bean. These samples were randomly
purchased from vendors in Ekeonuwa market, Owerri and were analyzed using standard microbiological
techniques. The findings of this study showed the presence of fungi contamination in these food products except for
packed milk which had no fungi growth. The packed corn flour had a total fungi count of 3.1 x 104 Cfu/g, while
soya bean flour had a total fungi count of 2.9 x 104 Cfu/g. However, the unpacked milk had a total fungus count of
3.2 x 105
cfu/g, corn flour had 3.7 x 105
cfu/g and soya bean had 3.0 x 105 cfu/g. Four genera of fungi were
identified which are; Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Mucor and Penicillium. These fungi had various percentage
occurrences. Aspergillus spp. was found to have the highest percentage occurrence of 35.7%, Penicillium spp. had
28.6%, Rhizopus spp. had 21.4% while Fusarium spp. had the least percentage of 14.3%. The recovery of these
fungi from this research shows that there is fear of consumption of mycotoxins because of their serious health
implication, as they can be highly toxic and carcinogenic, thus rendering the food products unfit for human and
animal consumption.
secretor status. People who do not release their blood group antigens into their bodily fluids are known as nonsecretors. One's vulnerability to certain diseases and infections is increased when blood type antigens are absent
from bodily fluids. The risk of developing bacterial and viral infections, cancerous and precancerous oral
disorders, chronic periodontitis, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, heart disease, and dental caries is higher in nonsecretors. The secretor gene produces the enzyme fucosyltransferase 2. The sugar moiety of glycolipids and
glycoproteins is enhanced by this enzyme with fucose. H is created in secretions by fucosyltransferase 2 on
precursor oligosaccharides chain (type A). Fucosyltransferase 3 can produce Le/b by incorporating fucose into H.
Therefore, everyone with a Le/b phenotype is a secretor. Fucosylated oligosaccharides are present on the surface
of cells and are involved in a number of important biological processes, including adhesion, motility, and
differentiation. Compared to non-secretors, ABH secretors' saliva and other bodily secretions include a significant
amount of carbohydrates.
inspection is crucial for their proper functioning and sustainability. However, human inspection poses significant
safety risks, necessitating alternative solutions. The fourth industrial revolution, 4.0 invented pipeline inspection
robots, eliminating the need for humans to enter potentially hazardous pipelines. Despite advancements, pipeline
robots still face challenges. This study explores issues, opportunities, and solutions related to pipeline inspection
robots in industry 4.0. The incorporation of this technology aids in resolving numerous issues, including: fluid or
gas pipeline leaks; rust accumulation; and broken pipes. This research discusses the drawbacks of pipeline
inspection robots and potential opportunities and proposes solutions to optimise their performance.
solubility by smart film tablet. The main objective of the work was to improve the drug dissolution rate using smart
film technology. The smart film technique is a novel approach to overcome poor solubility. The technique uses
commercial paper in which cilnidipine drug can be loaded onto the paper, it can be a creative and innovative way
to increase the dissolution rate of cilnidipine drug. The tablets appear shiny and with a smooth surface. The
pharmaceutical quality was acceptable, i.e. all tablets fulfilled the requirements for tablets. Drug-loaded tablets
were produced by compression of drug-loaded paper. Drug loading did not alter the pharmaceutical quality.
However, the uncoated tablets possessed an extremely fast disintegration, i.e. intense swelling upon contact with
water, which might hamper the swallowing after oral administration. In fact, tablets made from paper are a novel
and promising strategy for improved oral drug delivery. They can be easily produced without any further excipients
and possess pharmaceutical quantity. These are the different papers like Kitchen roll, disposable handkerchief,
coffee filter paper, and envelope paper which are used in preparation of smart film tablet. Tablets were subjected
to characterization such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, drug content, disintegration time, and
In-vitro drug release. The In vitro drug release in optimized formulation T1 was found to be 99.21 % in 5 min and
disintegration time was found to be 14 sec.In vitro dissolution results are subjected to statistical analysis and found
that the formulation (T1) has shown an increased dissolution rate (99.21% at 5 min), compared to the marketed
formulation (36.71%in 5min ).
Many Bread wheat varieties have been released so far in the Ethiopia by different National and Regional Research
centers. But most of them are pushed out of production within few years of their release due to biotic factors
(mainly rusts). The objective of this study was to evaluate and release high yielding and stable variety. Hachalu
(RANA96/SIDS-1) is ICARDA crossing material formerly introduced to SARC as ICARDA screening nursery in
2014 cropping season. Based on its performance the genotype promoted from screening to observation and then
transferred to variety yield trial 2017 under multi-location for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) at Sinana,
Agarfa and Goba. Hachalu had performed better than all genotypes and checks. The yield advantage of Hachalu
was 8.9% over standard check Sanate. On research field, Hachalu gave grain yield ranging from 5.29-6.37ton ha-1
and 4.19-5.12 ton ha-1 on farmers field. Hachalu has erect juvenile plant growth, a semi-erected flag leaf with
broad leaf width. The spike is owned, medium-dense spike type, and tapering. The kernel is amber color and
relatively medium-tall variety with 103.7cm height with high tillering capacity. The genotypes with PCA1 scores
close to zero expressed general adaptation accordingly, genotype G13 (Hachalu) with its relative IPC1 scores close
to zero, has less response to the interaction and showed general adaptation to the test environments. The released
variety Hachalu has moderately susceptible reaction to both stem rust and yellow rust with 10% and 5% severity,
respectively. SARC will maintain breeder seed and small quantities of seed for research purposes may be obtained
from the corresponding wheat breeders in Center. Small holder farmers, private investors and seed enterprises can
benefit more from producing Hachalu variety following its full production package.
fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) offers technological advancements, including digital inventions, to address this
challenge. Non-contact temperature detection systems utilise infrared radiation to measure object temperatures
and ambient surroundings. Recent microelectronics and electronic advancements enable the development of
reliable, affordable monitoring systems for businesses, organisations, institutions, schools, and individuals to
identify high-temperature patients and prevent disease spread. This study examines the benefits of temperature
monitoring systems, highlighting their potential to save lives and enhance public health.
in Nigeria’s fashion industry. This study examined the effect of AI-driven personalisation on consumer purchasing
decisions and customer satisfaction in the fashion industry in Nigeria and the effect of product recommendations,
virtual try-ons and fitting rooms, and personalized styling advice on consumer purchasing decisions and customer
satisfaction in the fashion industry in Nigeria. The study adopted the survey method. The population of the study
was 200customers of the 4 prominent online fashion retail platforms in Nigeria. Census sampling was adopted and
all the 200 served as the sample size. A structured-self-administered questionnaire was adopted as the major
instrument for collecting primary data. Regression analysis was used as a technique of data analysis. Study
findings revealed specifically that, product recommendations play a crucial role in influencing purchase decisions,
while personalized styling advice has the most substantial impact on customer satisfaction. Virtual try-ons and
fitting rooms, though less influential, still contribute positively to both purchasing decisions and satisfaction. The
study therefore recommends among others that fashion retailers should invest in advanced AI algorithms to
improve the accuracy and relevance of product recommendations by partnering with AI specialists to refine
recommendation systems based on consumer data and preferences.
filling amount of this fluid will be determined by calculation.
In the heat pipe air recuperator selected for calculations, there are a total of 18 heat pipes to be filled with working
fluid. The amount of working fluid to be filled into each heat pipe is determined by calculation, and the inside of
the pipes are put under vacuum before filling and the air inside them is taken out. Afterwards, fluid filling is
performed.
Since "water" is selected as the working fluid for the heat pipe, the calculated amount of demineralized boiler feed
water will be used in the filling process.
Wick materials made of stainless steel and having two different pore numbers (meshes) are placed in the pipes.
Since both types of wicks were placed in the pipes in two layers, a total of 4-layer wick structure was obtained,
with 120 mesh wicks in 2 layers and 200 mesh wicks in 2 layers, thus placing them in the pipes of the recuperator.
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23],
[24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [37].
led to poor diet, which is the foremost among the causes of micronutrient deficiencies in the continent. Vitamin A
deficiency is an important micronutrient deficiency prevailing in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa; this imposed threats
to children and pregnant women in the continents as well. As a result of this, efforts have been made to develop and
distribute vitamin-A-enriched cassava varieties across continents through a process known as biofortification.
Biofortification is an innovative process of enhancing the micronutrient composition of food crops to caution
against the effects of micronutrient deficiencies. Boi-fortified cassava is, therefore, not just a food crop but as a
major source of health benefits and cash income for producers in comparison with other staple crops. It contributes
positively to poverty alleviation by generating income for the vast number of households. Industrial applications for
cassava include the production of starch, high-quality cassava flour, ethanol, cassava chips, and dried pellets.
Cassava leaves are nutritious vegetables and can be used as animal feed. Pro-vitamin A cassava varieties have a
high potential to reduce poverty and malnutrition among the smallholder farm households in Nigeria. In light of the
above, this paper used available literature to look into the following: analysis of pro-vitamin A cassava enterprise:
implications to health benefits, diffusion and consumption update of pro-vitamin A cassava varieties released in
Nigeria, and challenges of delivering pro-vitamin A cassava to the end users.
Nigeria. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economic growth and food security of the region. However, the
sector faces various challenges, including limited access to credit, insufficient resources, and fragmented
production practices. To address these issues, cooperatives have emerged as a significant mechanism to promote
collective action, resource pooling, and knowledge sharing among farmers. This research examines the impact of
cooperatives in enhancing agricultural productivity, income generation, and socio-economic well-being of farmers
in Imo State. The study therefore assessed the various cooperative models adopted in the state, including producer,
marketing, and financial cooperatives, to determine their effectiveness in promoting agricultural productivity,
income enhancement, and market access for smallholder farmers. It also investigates the role of cooperatives in
fostering sustainable agricultural practices, promoting gender equality, and mitigating rural poverty. Cooperatives
have contributed significantly to improved agricultural practices, increased market access, and enhanced
bargaining power for farmers. Furthermore, cooperatives have facilitated technology adoption, access to credit,
and capacity building initiatives that have strengthened the agricultural sector. However, challenges such as
governance issues, inadequate infrastructure, and limited government support persist. This study however,
underscores the crucial role of cooperatives as an instrument for agricultural transformation in Imo State Nigeria,
highlighting the need for continuous support, policy reforms, and collaborative efforts from various stakeholders to
sustain and maximize the benefits of agricultural cooperatives in the region.
companies in Nigeria. Data for the study were derived from annual reports of ten consumer goods companies listed
on the Nigerian Stock Exchange for the period 2012 to 2022. The data were analyzed using auto regressive
distributive lag and the regression estimation results revealed that a positive and significant relationship exists
between audit committee size, audit committee independence, audit committee expertise. Positive but insignificant
relationship between audit committee meetings and audit report lag, positive and significant relationship exist
between leverage and audit report lag, a negative and insignificant relationship between board size and audit
report lag of listed consumer goods companies in Nigeria. The study concluded that audit committee size,
independence and expertise affect audit report lag while audit committee meeting does not affect audit report lag.
Therefore, the study recommends that membership of audit committee should possess some level of knowledge and
experience in accounting profession to understand all aspects of accounting to be able to carry out their functions
well. Government should make a policy that can categorically spell out the days allowed for reporting of audited
financial statements of companies in order to reduce audit lag.
in Nigeria. The study explores the effects of central bank policies, deposit sizes, decision-making levels, guarantees,
interest rates, and control mechanisms on DMBs' financial outcomes. Drawing from a conceptual framework that
highlights the intricate relationship between lending policies, regulatory guidelines, economic factors, and risk
management, the study employs a non-probabilistic Quota sampling technique to gather data from 130 Credit
Officers across thirteen DMBs listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. Using both primary (questionnaires) and
secondary data sources, the study employs statistical analyses, including multiple and simple linear regression, to
evaluate the hypothesis-driven relationships. Findings reveal significant correlations among policy variables, with
nuanced impacts on financial performance. While overall lending policies demonstrate a substantial influence,
individual variables such as supervision, decision-making in loan granting, and deposit volume exhibit pronounced
effects, leading to recommendations for DMBs to develop efficient lending policies, enhance decision-making
processes, utilize technology for credit management, and establish robust control mechanisms.
of dental anomalies literature shows various types of permanent canine’s pathological conditions like ‘canine
transmigration,’ ‘kissing canines’, ‘canine impaction,’ ‘canine transposition’ and ‘ectopic canine eruption.’ In the
above-mentioned dental phenomenon either single or two canines are affected. In this article, all four permanent
canines including maxillary and mandibular canine teeth were pathologically sacrificed and found associated with
different dental phenomenon representing a rarest dental entity not reported till date in the dental literature.
the Mother and Child Hospital during the period of free maternal health.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study of all the cases of uterine rupture managed between
January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2015. Case notes of patients who had uterine rupture were retrieved from the
record department and their vital information was transcribed into a study proforma. The information was
analysed using SPSS version 25 with frequencies and percentage represented by appropriate statistical tables.
RESULTS: The total number of deliveries within this period of review was 9217 and 105 were uterine rupture
giving a prevalence of 1.1% or 1 in 88 deliveries, 30-34 age group was mostly affected (85%) with majority of them
having only primary school education (89%). Combination of aetiological factors was found, mostly inappropriate
use of uterotonics with prolonged obstructed labour or inappropriate use of uterotonics with previous scar, all the
patients first presented at traditional birth homes where they were given intramuscular uterotonics. There were 12
and 97 maternal and fetal deaths respectively giving a case fatality rate of 11% and perinatal mortality of 10.52.
CONCLUSION: In this study, there was reduction in case fatality rate as a result of free maternal health which
eliminated phase two and three delays in emergency maternity care during the study period.
a heat pipe air recuperator
A fully developed flow must be provided for the waste exhaust gas at the inlet of the heat pipe air recuperator.
Considering the hydrodynamic and thermal inlet lengths, the condition in which the inlet effects are limited and
fully developed flow occurs can be determined as follows.
In order to obtain fully developed flow at the entrance of the waste exhaust gas to the heat pipe air recuperator, the
gas will need to flow a certain distance within the inlet channel before entering the recuperator. In order to
determine the distance required for the formation of the fully developed flow in question and thus to calculate the
gas inlet side channel length, it must first be determined whether the in-channel flow is laminar or turbulent.
In this case, the first determining parameter to be calculated will be the Reynolds number. [1], [2], [3], [4], [5],
[6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23], [24], [25], [26],
[27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [34], [35], [36].
‘Community Medicine’. Health is a basic need through which any community’s development is done. Through the
concept of public health, the basics of Social Work (SW) are detailed out & commonalities are evolved.
On the other hand, under the umbrella of public health, the concept of community medicine emerged. There is
actually bilateral traffic among the triad. The concept of social work & community medicine is closely interrelated
in the domain of public health.
The article cites examples of community medicine through the lens of social work that are embedded in the context
of public health. The article also aspires that the beginners of social science will be able to develop a
comprehensive understanding of the triangle that comprises of the three branches of community development.
of hot & food foods, the article focuses upon the tongue & its role primarily. Individuals have different preferences
regarding hot & cold foods. Here, the article links homoeopathy which use the preference of hot foods & cold foods
by each individual to prescribe differently for each individual based upon their hot & cold preferences.
Besides, the nose & the tongue, the skin also has a role in the process of preference of hot foods. Here also,
homoeopathy has different prescriptions based upon the process of sweating & eating. Hence, the science of bio
chemistry in hot & cold foods becomes an individualistic feature while seen through the homoeopathic lens.
In the distal part of the article, there is a suggested treatment protocol based on the preference of hot & cold foods
for individuals. These drugs are suitable to the individuals for any issue that they may face in their lives. These drugs
become constitutional, polychrest, deep acting for these individuals. The population at large should involve a
professional homoeopath while using these therapeutic approaches.
crops are grown in different media. In this study, three yam varieties: Dioscorea alata, Dioscorea rotundata, and
Dioscorea cayennesis were sourced from a local market in Ebonyi State and divided into two portions. One portion
was processed into flour and was evaluated the second portion of the yam was planted in two different planting
media: soil and bag and their nutrient composition was assessed. The result generated the mineral composition of
Mg, P, K of the yam samples were better improved and retained when planted in direct soil than in bags, except
DR in which the P content was better retained in DRB than DRS. The mineral composition of calculi is retained
better when planted in bags than in direct soil except in DR.
The objectives of this study seek to find the type of small scale enterprises found in the study area, to examine the
adequacy of small-scale enterprises in the area, examine the factors affecting and examine the impact on the
environment. Relevant literatures were reviewed for this study. Closed ended questionnaires were administered to
100 entrepreneurs and those working in small scale enterprises of the selected types which include pure water,
tailoring, bakery, furniture making and block enterprises in which interviews were conducted with a view of
obtaining additional information. Data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in the
form of frequencies and tables. Findings from the studies revealed that small- scale enterprises help in boosting
socio-economic growth hence, help in reducing unemployment rate, poverty etc. The activities of small-scale
enterprises also have some negative impact on the environment and the residence of Mubi. The study therefore
recommends that, there should be an increase in the technological and equipment based enterprises, the use of
modern machineries should be adopted so also Government should continue to provide direct subsidies to smallscale enterprises operators which will help them in accessing raw materials, granting of tax moratorium etc.
that render food products unpalatable and unsafe for human consumption. This study aimed at isolation and
identification of fungi from packed and unpacked milk, corn flour and soya bean. These samples were randomly
purchased from vendors in Ekeonuwa market, Owerri and were analyzed using standard microbiological
techniques. The findings of this study showed the presence of fungi contamination in these food products except for
packed milk which had no fungi growth. The packed corn flour had a total fungi count of 3.1 x 104 Cfu/g, while
soya bean flour had a total fungi count of 2.9 x 104 Cfu/g. However, the unpacked milk had a total fungus count of
3.2 x 105
cfu/g, corn flour had 3.7 x 105
cfu/g and soya bean had 3.0 x 105 cfu/g. Four genera of fungi were
identified which are; Aspergillus, Rhizopus, Mucor and Penicillium. These fungi had various percentage
occurrences. Aspergillus spp. was found to have the highest percentage occurrence of 35.7%, Penicillium spp. had
28.6%, Rhizopus spp. had 21.4% while Fusarium spp. had the least percentage of 14.3%. The recovery of these
fungi from this research shows that there is fear of consumption of mycotoxins because of their serious health
implication, as they can be highly toxic and carcinogenic, thus rendering the food products unfit for human and
animal consumption.
secretor status. People who do not release their blood group antigens into their bodily fluids are known as nonsecretors. One's vulnerability to certain diseases and infections is increased when blood type antigens are absent
from bodily fluids. The risk of developing bacterial and viral infections, cancerous and precancerous oral
disorders, chronic periodontitis, autoimmune diseases, diabetes, heart disease, and dental caries is higher in nonsecretors. The secretor gene produces the enzyme fucosyltransferase 2. The sugar moiety of glycolipids and
glycoproteins is enhanced by this enzyme with fucose. H is created in secretions by fucosyltransferase 2 on
precursor oligosaccharides chain (type A). Fucosyltransferase 3 can produce Le/b by incorporating fucose into H.
Therefore, everyone with a Le/b phenotype is a secretor. Fucosylated oligosaccharides are present on the surface
of cells and are involved in a number of important biological processes, including adhesion, motility, and
differentiation. Compared to non-secretors, ABH secretors' saliva and other bodily secretions include a significant
amount of carbohydrates.
inspection is crucial for their proper functioning and sustainability. However, human inspection poses significant
safety risks, necessitating alternative solutions. The fourth industrial revolution, 4.0 invented pipeline inspection
robots, eliminating the need for humans to enter potentially hazardous pipelines. Despite advancements, pipeline
robots still face challenges. This study explores issues, opportunities, and solutions related to pipeline inspection
robots in industry 4.0. The incorporation of this technology aids in resolving numerous issues, including: fluid or
gas pipeline leaks; rust accumulation; and broken pipes. This research discusses the drawbacks of pipeline
inspection robots and potential opportunities and proposes solutions to optimise their performance.
solubility by smart film tablet. The main objective of the work was to improve the drug dissolution rate using smart
film technology. The smart film technique is a novel approach to overcome poor solubility. The technique uses
commercial paper in which cilnidipine drug can be loaded onto the paper, it can be a creative and innovative way
to increase the dissolution rate of cilnidipine drug. The tablets appear shiny and with a smooth surface. The
pharmaceutical quality was acceptable, i.e. all tablets fulfilled the requirements for tablets. Drug-loaded tablets
were produced by compression of drug-loaded paper. Drug loading did not alter the pharmaceutical quality.
However, the uncoated tablets possessed an extremely fast disintegration, i.e. intense swelling upon contact with
water, which might hamper the swallowing after oral administration. In fact, tablets made from paper are a novel
and promising strategy for improved oral drug delivery. They can be easily produced without any further excipients
and possess pharmaceutical quantity. These are the different papers like Kitchen roll, disposable handkerchief,
coffee filter paper, and envelope paper which are used in preparation of smart film tablet. Tablets were subjected
to characterization such as thickness, hardness, friability, weight uniformity, drug content, disintegration time, and
In-vitro drug release. The In vitro drug release in optimized formulation T1 was found to be 99.21 % in 5 min and
disintegration time was found to be 14 sec.In vitro dissolution results are subjected to statistical analysis and found
that the formulation (T1) has shown an increased dissolution rate (99.21% at 5 min), compared to the marketed
formulation (36.71%in 5min ).
Many Bread wheat varieties have been released so far in the Ethiopia by different National and Regional Research
centers. But most of them are pushed out of production within few years of their release due to biotic factors
(mainly rusts). The objective of this study was to evaluate and release high yielding and stable variety. Hachalu
(RANA96/SIDS-1) is ICARDA crossing material formerly introduced to SARC as ICARDA screening nursery in
2014 cropping season. Based on its performance the genotype promoted from screening to observation and then
transferred to variety yield trial 2017 under multi-location for two consecutive years (2017 and 2018) at Sinana,
Agarfa and Goba. Hachalu had performed better than all genotypes and checks. The yield advantage of Hachalu
was 8.9% over standard check Sanate. On research field, Hachalu gave grain yield ranging from 5.29-6.37ton ha-1
and 4.19-5.12 ton ha-1 on farmers field. Hachalu has erect juvenile plant growth, a semi-erected flag leaf with
broad leaf width. The spike is owned, medium-dense spike type, and tapering. The kernel is amber color and
relatively medium-tall variety with 103.7cm height with high tillering capacity. The genotypes with PCA1 scores
close to zero expressed general adaptation accordingly, genotype G13 (Hachalu) with its relative IPC1 scores close
to zero, has less response to the interaction and showed general adaptation to the test environments. The released
variety Hachalu has moderately susceptible reaction to both stem rust and yellow rust with 10% and 5% severity,
respectively. SARC will maintain breeder seed and small quantities of seed for research purposes may be obtained
from the corresponding wheat breeders in Center. Small holder farmers, private investors and seed enterprises can
benefit more from producing Hachalu variety following its full production package.
fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) offers technological advancements, including digital inventions, to address this
challenge. Non-contact temperature detection systems utilise infrared radiation to measure object temperatures
and ambient surroundings. Recent microelectronics and electronic advancements enable the development of
reliable, affordable monitoring systems for businesses, organisations, institutions, schools, and individuals to
identify high-temperature patients and prevent disease spread. This study examines the benefits of temperature
monitoring systems, highlighting their potential to save lives and enhance public health.
in Nigeria’s fashion industry. This study examined the effect of AI-driven personalisation on consumer purchasing
decisions and customer satisfaction in the fashion industry in Nigeria and the effect of product recommendations,
virtual try-ons and fitting rooms, and personalized styling advice on consumer purchasing decisions and customer
satisfaction in the fashion industry in Nigeria. The study adopted the survey method. The population of the study
was 200customers of the 4 prominent online fashion retail platforms in Nigeria. Census sampling was adopted and
all the 200 served as the sample size. A structured-self-administered questionnaire was adopted as the major
instrument for collecting primary data. Regression analysis was used as a technique of data analysis. Study
findings revealed specifically that, product recommendations play a crucial role in influencing purchase decisions,
while personalized styling advice has the most substantial impact on customer satisfaction. Virtual try-ons and
fitting rooms, though less influential, still contribute positively to both purchasing decisions and satisfaction. The
study therefore recommends among others that fashion retailers should invest in advanced AI algorithms to
improve the accuracy and relevance of product recommendations by partnering with AI specialists to refine
recommendation systems based on consumer data and preferences.
filling amount of this fluid will be determined by calculation.
In the heat pipe air recuperator selected for calculations, there are a total of 18 heat pipes to be filled with working
fluid. The amount of working fluid to be filled into each heat pipe is determined by calculation, and the inside of
the pipes are put under vacuum before filling and the air inside them is taken out. Afterwards, fluid filling is
performed.
Since "water" is selected as the working fluid for the heat pipe, the calculated amount of demineralized boiler feed
water will be used in the filling process.
Wick materials made of stainless steel and having two different pore numbers (meshes) are placed in the pipes.
Since both types of wicks were placed in the pipes in two layers, a total of 4-layer wick structure was obtained,
with 120 mesh wicks in 2 layers and 200 mesh wicks in 2 layers, thus placing them in the pipes of the recuperator.
[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15], [16], [17], [18], [19], [20], [21], [22], [23],
[24], [25], [26], [27], [28], [29], [30], [31], [32], [33], [37].
led to poor diet, which is the foremost among the causes of micronutrient deficiencies in the continent. Vitamin A
deficiency is an important micronutrient deficiency prevailing in Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa; this imposed threats
to children and pregnant women in the continents as well. As a result of this, efforts have been made to develop and
distribute vitamin-A-enriched cassava varieties across continents through a process known as biofortification.
Biofortification is an innovative process of enhancing the micronutrient composition of food crops to caution
against the effects of micronutrient deficiencies. Boi-fortified cassava is, therefore, not just a food crop but as a
major source of health benefits and cash income for producers in comparison with other staple crops. It contributes
positively to poverty alleviation by generating income for the vast number of households. Industrial applications for
cassava include the production of starch, high-quality cassava flour, ethanol, cassava chips, and dried pellets.
Cassava leaves are nutritious vegetables and can be used as animal feed. Pro-vitamin A cassava varieties have a
high potential to reduce poverty and malnutrition among the smallholder farm households in Nigeria. In light of the
above, this paper used available literature to look into the following: analysis of pro-vitamin A cassava enterprise:
implications to health benefits, diffusion and consumption update of pro-vitamin A cassava varieties released in
Nigeria, and challenges of delivering pro-vitamin A cassava to the end users.
Nigeria. Agriculture plays a pivotal role in the economic growth and food security of the region. However, the
sector faces various challenges, including limited access to credit, insufficient resources, and fragmented
production practices. To address these issues, cooperatives have emerged as a significant mechanism to promote
collective action, resource pooling, and knowledge sharing among farmers. This research examines the impact of
cooperatives in enhancing agricultural productivity, income generation, and socio-economic well-being of farmers
in Imo State. The study therefore assessed the various cooperative models adopted in the state, including producer,
marketing, and financial cooperatives, to determine their effectiveness in promoting agricultural productivity,
income enhancement, and market access for smallholder farmers. It also investigates the role of cooperatives in
fostering sustainable agricultural practices, promoting gender equality, and mitigating rural poverty. Cooperatives
have contributed significantly to improved agricultural practices, increased market access, and enhanced
bargaining power for farmers. Furthermore, cooperatives have facilitated technology adoption, access to credit,
and capacity building initiatives that have strengthened the agricultural sector. However, challenges such as
governance issues, inadequate infrastructure, and limited government support persist. This study however,
underscores the crucial role of cooperatives as an instrument for agricultural transformation in Imo State Nigeria,
highlighting the need for continuous support, policy reforms, and collaborative efforts from various stakeholders to
sustain and maximize the benefits of agricultural cooperatives in the region.