This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant f... more This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant family Asphodelaceae: its botany, ethnomedicinal (with particular emphasis on the African communities), phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential. Particular emphasis is given to the biological and chemical properties. Peer review and literature search were done by conducting a logical and inclusive review. Indigenous cultures have used the plant among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa for medicinal and other purposes. The chemical compounds that have been isolated from K. foliosa include monomeric anthraquinones such as chrysophanol, islandicin, laccaic acid, aloe-emodin, and aloe-emodin acetate, which contain antileukaemic properties; dimeric anthraquinones such as asphodelin, knipholone, and chryslandicin; phenyl anthraquinones and anthrones, including knipholone anthrone, isoknipholone anthrone, knipholone, phenylanthrone knipholone anthrone and anthraquinone isoknipholon...
Application of cooking oil during thermal processing can influence the nutritional qualities of m... more Application of cooking oil during thermal processing can influence the nutritional qualities of meat products during consumption. This study determined the effect of frying with sunflower and olive oil on the fatty acid profile of sausage fortified with edible meat waste (EMW) as a fat replacer was evaluated. Fresh beef sausages were formulated in ratios of 30% lean meat (LM) and 70% EMW, 50% LM and 50% EMW, and 90% LM and 10% fat (control) and designated as T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The proximate analysis results revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in fat, fat free dry matter (FFDM), and moisture contents across the treatment. Fresh beef sausage fortified with 70% EMW had the highest fat contents (25.7±0.83%) while those fortified with 10% fat (T3) had the highest FFDM (55.85±0.57%) and moisture content (69.15±0.62) compared to other treatments. In addition, among individual saturated fatty acids, beef sausage fortified with 50% meat wastes (T1) revealed significantly ...
Journal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development
Background: Liver diseases pose a substantial global public health challenge, encompassing condit... more Background: Liver diseases pose a substantial global public health challenge, encompassing conditions such as liver failure, hepatitis, cirrhosis and associated complications Safeguarding the liver becomes important as these conditions impact human health. Hepatoprotective agents play a pivotal role in mitigating liver damage caused by chemicals, drugs and toxins. Polyherbal formulations, combining botanical components from traditional medicine, offer a promising approach to addressing liver disorders. Their popularity arises from a multi-targeted strategy in treating complex diseases, marking a shift in focus toward these formulations.Aim: The study aimed to conduct a thorough review of the existing literature on the hepatoprotective activity of polyherbal formulations and provide a comprehensive overview of their mechanisms of action. This review provides the overview of the use of polyherbal formulations in the management of liver disease.Method: A systematic search of electronic...
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbena... more Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbenaceae family, originally native to Central and South America. D. erecta is used medicinally for a wide variety of ailments including diuretics, antidote to treat itches, infertility, pneumonia, malaria, intestinal worms, abscesses and neuralgic disorder. It exhibits antioxidant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities against human pathogens. Active chemical ingredients of the plant include caryoptoside, duraterectoside A, durantoside I, durantoside III, lamiide and two lignans namely (+) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol and (-) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol from methanolic extract of D. erecta. Furthermore, the presences of phyto-molecules such as glycosides, saponins and tannins in D. erecta plant extracts can be used to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles in a single-step green synthesis process. In this review, ethnobotanical uses, biological, and pharmacological properties of D. erecta has been discussed.
This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant f... more This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant family Asphodelaceae: its botany, ethnomedicinal (with particular emphasis on the African communities), phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential. Particular emphasis is given to the biological and chemical properties. Peer review and literature search were done by conducting a logical and inclusive review. Indigenous cultures have used the plant among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa for medicinal and other purposes. The chemical compounds that have been isolated from K. foliosa include monomeric anthraquinones such as chrysophanol, islandicin, laccaic acid, aloe-emodin, and aloe-emodin acetate, which contain antileukaemic properties; dimeric anthraquinones such as asphodelin, knipholone, and chryslandicin; phenyl anthraquinones and anthrones, including knipholone anthrone, isoknipholone anthrone, knipholone, phenylanthrone knipholone anthrone and anthraquinone isoknipholon...
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbena... more Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbenaceae family, originally native to Central and South America. D. erecta is used medicinally for a wide variety of ailments including diuretics, antidote to treat itches, infertility, pneumonia, malaria, intestinal worms, abscesses and neuralgic disorder. It exhibits antioxidant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities against human pathogens. Active chemical ingredients of the plant include caryoptoside, duraterectoside A, durantoside I, durantoside III, lamiide and two lignans namely (+) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol and (-) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol from methanolic extract of D. erecta. Furthermore, the presences of phyto-molecules such as glycosides, saponins and tannins in D. erecta plant extracts can be used to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles in a single-step green synthesis process. In this review, ethnobotanical uses, biological, and pharmacological properties of D. erecta has been discussed.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic condition commonly associated with central adiposity and a... more Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic condition commonly associated with central adiposity and altered liver function parameters (LFPs). Several studies have suggested these altered LFPs as a result of fatty liver diseases (e.g., non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases) often prevalent in MS. Since altered LFPs are very common in MS, there is a possibility they can be used as predictors of MS. However, only a few studies have been carried out to evaluate this possibility. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the potential of LFPs as predictors or risk factors of MS. The study groups included 50 individuals diagnosed with MS (case group) and 50 apparently normal individuals (control) from Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Anthropometric measurements, phlebotomy, liver function tests, and lipid profile estimations were done using standard procedures. (The result and conclusion section has been omitted).
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Malaria is a serious life-threatening parasitic disease with major health challenges in tropical ... more Malaria is a serious life-threatening parasitic disease with major health challenges in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite the significant global efforts in fight against malaria, the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium to antimalarial medicines have become a recurring problem. Thus, there is an urgent need to search for new effective antimalarial drugs of plant origin that could target both the asexual and sexual stages of the parasites. The present review focused on documenting polyherbal formulations from different continents whose activity against malaria parasite have been reported both in vivo and in vitro clinical experiments. This study compiled several antimalarial polyherbal formulations that serve as a lead for the development of new and effective antiplasmodial drugs, and also reported their activities against different strains of Plasmodium. However, there is a need for the clinical validation of some of these formulations, determi...
Acaciella angustissima (Mill.) Brit. & Rose is a multipurpose deciduous thornless shrub or small ... more Acaciella angustissima (Mill.) Brit. & Rose is a multipurpose deciduous thornless shrub or small tree that belongs to the family Fabaceae and subfamily Mimosoideae. This study aimed to explore A. angustissima, a leguminous shrub with medicinal, ecological and industrial potential. A mixed-method approach, which included consolidating quantitative and qualitative research, was utilized to put together the review with the main focus being on sub-Saharan Africa. However, case studies and literature from South Africa were also utilized. A. angustissima is a good source of phenolic compounds. It is used to relieve painful toothache, rheumatism, skin lesions, bloody diarrhea and mucoid diarrhea. It also displays a mild antimicrobial effect and has the ability to inhibit growth in malignant tumors. The study acknowledged Acaciella angustissima as an important agroforestry tree species that improve the quality of life of resource-poor farmers, reducing poverty and promoting sustainability o...
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Morella serrata is an aromatic, dioecious shrub to Myricaceae family. The leaves, roots, and/or s... more Morella serrata is an aromatic, dioecious shrub to Myricaceae family. The leaves, roots, and/or stem bark of Morella serrata are used as traditional medicines in southern Africa. This study is aimed at evaluating the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of M. serrata. The leaves, roots, and stem bark of M. Serrata are widely used in the treatment of chest-related problems, menstruation pains, dysmenorrhea, flu, management of blood sugar-related diseases, headache and enhancement of men sexual performance. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include flavonoids, tannins, steroids and phenolics, which could possibly account for the pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and aphrodisiac effects found in the plant. Further study should focus more on its Pharmalogical properties, efficacy and safety, and on the isolation and identification of chemical compounds in order to justify the medicinal application of the plant.
Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam, popularly known as black Mangroves, is an economical and valuable ... more Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam, popularly known as black Mangroves, is an economical and valuable medicinal plant that is commonly found in relatively distinct zones, which are controlled by factors such as salinity, tidal regime, soil type and seed predators.This study is aimed at reviewing the botany, nutritional and medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of B. gymnorhiza. A comprehensive literature search was done using electronic databases including journal articles, books, theses, scientific reports and internet sources.The most widespread direct use of B. gymnorhiza is for wood and other uses include food, medicines, dyes and environmental services. Different compounds such as β-sitosterol, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, ursolic acid, stigmasterol, lupeol, taraxerol, bruguierol, oleanolic acid, gymnorhizol, bruguiesulfurol, isobrugierol and ellagic acid have been isolated from B. gymnorhiza. The leaves, dried roots,stem and barks of B. gymnorhiza have shown the pres...
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don, popularly known as the African locust bean tree, is a ... more Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don, popularly known as the African locust bean tree, is a perennial tree legume that belongs to Mimosoïdeae sub-family and family of Fabaceae. This study is aimed at reviewing the botany, nutritional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of P. biglobosa and the information was undertaken using electronic databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, SciFinder, BMC and Open-thesis. Parkia biglobosa is a very important multipurpose tree that is used essentially for food, medicinal, cultural, economic and magico-therapeutic purposes. Due to its socio-economic and cultural importance, P. biglobosa species are vulnerable to unsustainable harvesting and are declining in numbers because they remain semi- or undomesticated in some west Africa countries. Different aqueous and organic extracts of P. biglobosa indicate that the species are rich in saponins, tannins, flavonoids, resins, carbohydrat...
Citrus reticulata Blanco is a moderately-sized fruit tree widely used as herbal medicine worldwid... more Citrus reticulata Blanco is a moderately-sized fruit tree widely used as herbal medicine worldwide. The nutritional composition, medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of C. reticulata were critically reviewed in the current study. The literature linked to C. reticulata properties was obtained from multiple internet sources including Elsevier, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, Pubmed, BMC, Science Direct, and Scopus. Ethnopharmacological research identified antioxidants such as vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, also a source of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, pectins, minerals and volatile organic compounds as components of C. reticulata. As a medicinal plant, C. reticulata is used for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastro-intestinal distension, cough with profuse phlegm, hiccup and vomiting. The crude extracts of C. reticulata fruits have depicted anti-inflammatory, anticholesterolemic, analgesic, antiasthmatic, antiscorbutic, antisepti...
This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant f... more This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant family Asphodelaceae: its botany, ethnomedicinal (with particular emphasis on the African communities), phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential. Particular emphasis is given to the biological and chemical properties. Peer review and literature search were done by conducting a logical and inclusive review. Indigenous cultures have used the plant among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa for medicinal and other purposes. The chemical compounds that have been isolated from K. foliosa include monomeric anthraquinones such as chrysophanol, islandicin, laccaic acid, aloe-emodin, and aloe-emodin acetate, which contain antileukaemic properties; dimeric anthraquinones such as asphodelin, knipholone, and chryslandicin; phenyl anthraquinones and anthrones, including knipholone anthrone, isoknipholone anthrone, knipholone, phenylanthrone knipholone anthrone and anthraquinone isoknipholon...
Application of cooking oil during thermal processing can influence the nutritional qualities of m... more Application of cooking oil during thermal processing can influence the nutritional qualities of meat products during consumption. This study determined the effect of frying with sunflower and olive oil on the fatty acid profile of sausage fortified with edible meat waste (EMW) as a fat replacer was evaluated. Fresh beef sausages were formulated in ratios of 30% lean meat (LM) and 70% EMW, 50% LM and 50% EMW, and 90% LM and 10% fat (control) and designated as T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The proximate analysis results revealed significant differences (P<0.05) in fat, fat free dry matter (FFDM), and moisture contents across the treatment. Fresh beef sausage fortified with 70% EMW had the highest fat contents (25.7±0.83%) while those fortified with 10% fat (T3) had the highest FFDM (55.85±0.57%) and moisture content (69.15±0.62) compared to other treatments. In addition, among individual saturated fatty acids, beef sausage fortified with 50% meat wastes (T1) revealed significantly ...
Journal of Medicinal Plants for Economic Development
Background: Liver diseases pose a substantial global public health challenge, encompassing condit... more Background: Liver diseases pose a substantial global public health challenge, encompassing conditions such as liver failure, hepatitis, cirrhosis and associated complications Safeguarding the liver becomes important as these conditions impact human health. Hepatoprotective agents play a pivotal role in mitigating liver damage caused by chemicals, drugs and toxins. Polyherbal formulations, combining botanical components from traditional medicine, offer a promising approach to addressing liver disorders. Their popularity arises from a multi-targeted strategy in treating complex diseases, marking a shift in focus toward these formulations.Aim: The study aimed to conduct a thorough review of the existing literature on the hepatoprotective activity of polyherbal formulations and provide a comprehensive overview of their mechanisms of action. This review provides the overview of the use of polyherbal formulations in the management of liver disease.Method: A systematic search of electronic...
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbena... more Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbenaceae family, originally native to Central and South America. D. erecta is used medicinally for a wide variety of ailments including diuretics, antidote to treat itches, infertility, pneumonia, malaria, intestinal worms, abscesses and neuralgic disorder. It exhibits antioxidant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities against human pathogens. Active chemical ingredients of the plant include caryoptoside, duraterectoside A, durantoside I, durantoside III, lamiide and two lignans namely (+) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol and (-) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol from methanolic extract of D. erecta. Furthermore, the presences of phyto-molecules such as glycosides, saponins and tannins in D. erecta plant extracts can be used to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles in a single-step green synthesis process. In this review, ethnobotanical uses, biological, and pharmacological properties of D. erecta has been discussed.
This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant f... more This review gives the first comprehensive appraisal of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst, from the plant family Asphodelaceae: its botany, ethnomedicinal (with particular emphasis on the African communities), phytochemistry, and pharmacological potential. Particular emphasis is given to the biological and chemical properties. Peer review and literature search were done by conducting a logical and inclusive review. Indigenous cultures have used the plant among different ethnic groups in tropical Africa for medicinal and other purposes. The chemical compounds that have been isolated from K. foliosa include monomeric anthraquinones such as chrysophanol, islandicin, laccaic acid, aloe-emodin, and aloe-emodin acetate, which contain antileukaemic properties; dimeric anthraquinones such as asphodelin, knipholone, and chryslandicin; phenyl anthraquinones and anthrones, including knipholone anthrone, isoknipholone anthrone, knipholone, phenylanthrone knipholone anthrone and anthraquinone isoknipholon...
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbena... more Duranta erecta is a morphologically variable and polymorphic perennial flowering shrub in Verbenaceae family, originally native to Central and South America. D. erecta is used medicinally for a wide variety of ailments including diuretics, antidote to treat itches, infertility, pneumonia, malaria, intestinal worms, abscesses and neuralgic disorder. It exhibits antioxidant, antiparasitic, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities against human pathogens. Active chemical ingredients of the plant include caryoptoside, duraterectoside A, durantoside I, durantoside III, lamiide and two lignans namely (+) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol and (-) 5' methoxy isolariciresinol from methanolic extract of D. erecta. Furthermore, the presences of phyto-molecules such as glycosides, saponins and tannins in D. erecta plant extracts can be used to reduce metal ions to nanoparticles in a single-step green synthesis process. In this review, ethnobotanical uses, biological, and pharmacological properties of D. erecta has been discussed.
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic condition commonly associated with central adiposity and a... more Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a metabolic condition commonly associated with central adiposity and altered liver function parameters (LFPs). Several studies have suggested these altered LFPs as a result of fatty liver diseases (e.g., non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases) often prevalent in MS. Since altered LFPs are very common in MS, there is a possibility they can be used as predictors of MS. However, only a few studies have been carried out to evaluate this possibility. This study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the potential of LFPs as predictors or risk factors of MS. The study groups included 50 individuals diagnosed with MS (case group) and 50 apparently normal individuals (control) from Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Anthropometric measurements, phlebotomy, liver function tests, and lipid profile estimations were done using standard procedures. (The result and conclusion section has been omitted).
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Malaria is a serious life-threatening parasitic disease with major health challenges in tropical ... more Malaria is a serious life-threatening parasitic disease with major health challenges in tropical and subtropical countries. Despite the significant global efforts in fight against malaria, the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains of Plasmodium to antimalarial medicines have become a recurring problem. Thus, there is an urgent need to search for new effective antimalarial drugs of plant origin that could target both the asexual and sexual stages of the parasites. The present review focused on documenting polyherbal formulations from different continents whose activity against malaria parasite have been reported both in vivo and in vitro clinical experiments. This study compiled several antimalarial polyherbal formulations that serve as a lead for the development of new and effective antiplasmodial drugs, and also reported their activities against different strains of Plasmodium. However, there is a need for the clinical validation of some of these formulations, determi...
Acaciella angustissima (Mill.) Brit. & Rose is a multipurpose deciduous thornless shrub or small ... more Acaciella angustissima (Mill.) Brit. & Rose is a multipurpose deciduous thornless shrub or small tree that belongs to the family Fabaceae and subfamily Mimosoideae. This study aimed to explore A. angustissima, a leguminous shrub with medicinal, ecological and industrial potential. A mixed-method approach, which included consolidating quantitative and qualitative research, was utilized to put together the review with the main focus being on sub-Saharan Africa. However, case studies and literature from South Africa were also utilized. A. angustissima is a good source of phenolic compounds. It is used to relieve painful toothache, rheumatism, skin lesions, bloody diarrhea and mucoid diarrhea. It also displays a mild antimicrobial effect and has the ability to inhibit growth in malignant tumors. The study acknowledged Acaciella angustissima as an important agroforestry tree species that improve the quality of life of resource-poor farmers, reducing poverty and promoting sustainability o...
Medicinal Plants - International Journal of Phytomedicines and Related Industries, 2020
Morella serrata is an aromatic, dioecious shrub to Myricaceae family. The leaves, roots, and/or s... more Morella serrata is an aromatic, dioecious shrub to Myricaceae family. The leaves, roots, and/or stem bark of Morella serrata are used as traditional medicines in southern Africa. This study is aimed at evaluating the medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of M. serrata. The leaves, roots, and stem bark of M. Serrata are widely used in the treatment of chest-related problems, menstruation pains, dysmenorrhea, flu, management of blood sugar-related diseases, headache and enhancement of men sexual performance. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include flavonoids, tannins, steroids and phenolics, which could possibly account for the pharmacological activities such as antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antitumor, hepatoprotective, antioxidant and aphrodisiac effects found in the plant. Further study should focus more on its Pharmalogical properties, efficacy and safety, and on the isolation and identification of chemical compounds in order to justify the medicinal application of the plant.
Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam, popularly known as black Mangroves, is an economical and valuable ... more Bruguiera gymnorhiza (L.) Lam, popularly known as black Mangroves, is an economical and valuable medicinal plant that is commonly found in relatively distinct zones, which are controlled by factors such as salinity, tidal regime, soil type and seed predators.This study is aimed at reviewing the botany, nutritional and medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of B. gymnorhiza. A comprehensive literature search was done using electronic databases including journal articles, books, theses, scientific reports and internet sources.The most widespread direct use of B. gymnorhiza is for wood and other uses include food, medicines, dyes and environmental services. Different compounds such as β-sitosterol, α-amyrin, β-amyrin, ursolic acid, stigmasterol, lupeol, taraxerol, bruguierol, oleanolic acid, gymnorhizol, bruguiesulfurol, isobrugierol and ellagic acid have been isolated from B. gymnorhiza. The leaves, dried roots,stem and barks of B. gymnorhiza have shown the pres...
Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don, popularly known as the African locust bean tree, is a ... more Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. ex G. Don, popularly known as the African locust bean tree, is a perennial tree legume that belongs to Mimosoïdeae sub-family and family of Fabaceae. This study is aimed at reviewing the botany, nutritional uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of P. biglobosa and the information was undertaken using electronic databases such as Scopus, Google Scholar, Elsevier, Science Direct, Web of Science, Pubmed, SciFinder, BMC and Open-thesis. Parkia biglobosa is a very important multipurpose tree that is used essentially for food, medicinal, cultural, economic and magico-therapeutic purposes. Due to its socio-economic and cultural importance, P. biglobosa species are vulnerable to unsustainable harvesting and are declining in numbers because they remain semi- or undomesticated in some west Africa countries. Different aqueous and organic extracts of P. biglobosa indicate that the species are rich in saponins, tannins, flavonoids, resins, carbohydrat...
Citrus reticulata Blanco is a moderately-sized fruit tree widely used as herbal medicine worldwid... more Citrus reticulata Blanco is a moderately-sized fruit tree widely used as herbal medicine worldwide. The nutritional composition, medicinal uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of C. reticulata were critically reviewed in the current study. The literature linked to C. reticulata properties was obtained from multiple internet sources including Elsevier, Google Scholar, SciFinder, Web of Science, Pubmed, BMC, Science Direct, and Scopus. Ethnopharmacological research identified antioxidants such as vitamin C, carotenoids and phenolic compounds, also a source of sugars, organic acids, amino acids, pectins, minerals and volatile organic compounds as components of C. reticulata. As a medicinal plant, C. reticulata is used for the treatment of dyspepsia, gastro-intestinal distension, cough with profuse phlegm, hiccup and vomiting. The crude extracts of C. reticulata fruits have depicted anti-inflammatory, anticholesterolemic, analgesic, antiasthmatic, antiscorbutic, antisepti...
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