Background: Dengue virus, a mosquito-borne human viral pathogen, has recently become a major nati... more Background: Dengue virus, a mosquito-borne human viral pathogen, has recently become a major national health problem.The disease is transmitted in rainy season. There are four dengue virus serotypes, called DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4. The clinical manifestation of dengue infection varies from asymptomatic to severe life threatening illness in the form of DHF/DSS. Dengue haemorrhagic fever or DSS may be fatal in 40% to 50% of untreated patients. Laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection depends upon demonstration of specific antibodies in serum samples. Early diagnosis and monitoring is largely dependent on haematological parameters. As no specific antiviral therapy is available, supportive therapy is of most importance. Methods: NS1, Ig M & Ig G detection by Dengue Day 1 Test kit, haematological parameters by automated analyzer & peripheral smear, coagulation profile analysis by ACL-7000 coagulation meter, LFT by BACKMAN COULTER AU480. Result: Out of 100 cases, 95 (95%) of the patients had fever, 39 (39%) cases had leukocyte count <4,000/ mm 3 , thrombocytopenia (<1,00,000/mm 3 ) was observed in 81, 48 cases had derranged LFT with thrombocytopenia,17 cases had prolonged APTT which correlated with thrombocytopenia, 14 cases had raised APTT & deranged LFT which also showed thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia was most predominant haematological discrepancy. Most cases (70%) were of classical DF & (28%) were cases of DHF who had fever, showed thrombocytopenia & deranged haematological parameters which signifies disease severity. 2% cases presented with hypotension & altered consciousness with severe thrombocytopenia & prolonged APTT (DHF/DSS) which indicates very poor prognosis & had fatal outcome. Initial leukopenia & leukocyte count returning to normal by ninth to tenth day after therapy in most of the cases indicates that leukocyte count an important benchmark for clinical improvement. Dengue fever does not have specific medical therapy hence clinical recovery monitoring is largely dependent on haematological parameters.
Sebaceoma is a benign tumour of epidermal appendages with sebaceous differentiation also known as... more Sebaceoma is a benign tumour of epidermal appendages with sebaceous differentiation also known as sebaceous epithelioma .We report a case of a 31 year old male presented with an exophytic mass on the posterior side of right ear lobule. Histopathology revealed rippled pattern sebeceoma comprising of cells arranged in sheets, cohesive nests and islands mostly comprising of basaloid cells (>50%)with mature sebocytes interspersed in between. The sebocytes appeared as clear cells , some cells multivacuolated with central indented nuclei. The rippled pattern sebeceoma is a histological variant and is seen predominantly in males in the head, neck and face region.The immunohistochemistry markers Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA) was focally positive along with Pan-Cytokeratin being strongly positive and diffuse which were conrmatory for the disgnosis.
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum exceedingly rare skin adnexal neoplasm of apocrine gland origin l... more Syringocystadenoma papilliferum exceedingly rare skin adnexal neoplasm of apocrine gland origin located primarily on the scalp and appearing as a hairless nodular /plaque lesion. In one third of the cases Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is associated with Naves Sebaceous of Jadassohn. A strong clinical acumen, prompt excision and confirmation by histopathology underline treatment of this deceptively docile neoplasm. We report a case of 9 year old boy because of its rarity and tendency for vagrant behavior.
International Journal of Scientific Research, Dec 30, 2014
Placenta accreta is abnormal adherence of placenta to uterine wall. Incidence of placenta accreta... more Placenta accreta is abnormal adherence of placenta to uterine wall. Incidence of placenta accreta has been rising because of increased rate of caesarean sections and dilatation and curettage (D&C) as well as advancing maternal age. Here we report a case of clinical placenta accreta, which on histopathology got reported as placenta increta. Placenta accreta is a seri- ous obstetric condition having high mortality and morbidity and causing complications like severe post partum haemorrhage and peripar- tum hysterectomies. Diagnosis of placenta increta and percreta depends on depth of invasion in hysterectomy specimen and thus clinical accreta may be placenta increta or percreta histopathologically. Introduction: Placenta accreta is abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine wall. Chorionic villi are abnormally contiguous with or actually extend into the basal myometrium. Depend- ing upon grade of invasion it is divided in three grades i.e. placenta accreta vera, placenta increta and placenta per- creta 1 . The condition is increasing in incidence by the pres- ence of scar tissue i.e. Asherman's syndrome, usually from past uterine surgery2. Most commonly it presents in third trimester of pregnancy. Placenta accreta is an obstetric con- dition with management challenges and significant mortality and morbidity. Obstetricians have to be aware of this condi- tion and its risk factors as forceful separation of placenta can result in profuse blood loss from the site of placenta accreta. Third stage of labor is invariably complicated by severe post- partum haemorrhage requiring extensive life-saving surgi- cal interventions viz. Hysterectomy, ligation of major pelvic blood vessels and blood transfusion.
Central nervous system (CNS) tumours constitute 1-2% of all neoplasms. They represent the second ... more Central nervous system (CNS) tumours constitute 1-2% of all neoplasms. They represent the second most common and overall the most common solid tumour of paediatric age group. Approximately 25% of all cancer related mortalities in paediatric population can occur because of CNS tumours. Aim of the study to determine the incidence of various CNS tumours and correlate histopathological diagnosis with clinical diagnosis and frozen section in selective cases. This is a retrospective and prospective study evaluating 60 patients of CNS tumours in a tertiary level hospital in Navi Mumbai. Fresh specimens obtained in intraoperative cases and postoperatively in fixative were examined and stained. Study of clinicopathological correlation gives the idea of distribution of brain tumour and demonstrates the changes in tumour spectrum in our population. High accuracy in frozen section diagnosis and its use can help in therapeutic approach which results in reduction in mortality and morbidity. <e...
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016
Schwannoma is a slow growing tumor arising from the outer sheath of a peripheral nerve. The tumor... more Schwannoma is a slow growing tumor arising from the outer sheath of a peripheral nerve. The tumor is typically eccentric to the nerve fibres, Chest wall schwannoma accounts for 5% of all thoracic neoplasms. Ancient schwannoma constitutes 0.8 % of soft tissue tumors. The flexor surface of extremities, mediastinum, retroperitoneum, head and neck are the most common sites. Long standing and large lesions, known as ancient schwannoma, may have cystic changes, calcification, haemorrhage and fibrosis. We report a case of a chest wall ancient schwannoma in a 62year male, who initially presented with an exophytic, pedunculated growth below the left nipple. Clinically and radiologically it can be misdiagnosed as a fibrous tumor. Histopathological examination is essential for confirmation of diagnosis assisted with immunohistochemistry in few cases.
Soft tissue sarcomas of the breast being rare malignancy their early diagnosis is imperative as t... more Soft tissue sarcomas of the breast being rare malignancy their early diagnosis is imperative as treatment modalities vary. Primary sarcomas of breast are extremely rare malignancies as compared to their counterpart epithelial tumors. We report a case of 36-year-old female who presented with a huge, fungating, irregular mass involving the entire left breast. The tumor was diagnosed histologically as Primary stromal sarcoma of breast with no axillary nodal involvement.
Haemoglobin within the red blood cells is vital for existence, being the means of transporting ox... more Haemoglobin within the red blood cells is vital for existence, being the means of transporting oxygen to tissues. Haemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities are the most frequent genetic disease, affecting approximately 7% of the world population [1].Haemoglobin E is a β chain variant, which is common in south-east Asia[2]. Chernoff and colleagues first described it in 1954 [3]. The prevalence of HbE in India is about 0-3.5% with a increased clustering in Kolkata (22%) and Assam (5080%)[1].
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a commonly used anticoagulant in sampling tubes designe... more Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a commonly used anticoagulant in sampling tubes designed for determination of complete blood counts. EDTA-dependent pseudo thrombocytopenia (PTCP) is the phenomenon of a spurious low platelet count due to EDTA-induced aggregation of platelets which are frequently not included in the platelet window of auto-analysers. We report 3 cases of EDTA induced pseudothrombocytopenias which were otherwise healthy with non specific symptoms that were resolved to a certain extent by subsequent collection in the Heparin tube and with complete resolution by collection in Sodium Citrate tube.
International journal of scientific research, 2016
Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign tumors of which most common site is cerebellum and spinal cord... more Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign tumors of which most common site is cerebellum and spinal cord. Here we report a rare case of hemangioblastoma in left temporo-parietal region which is the site. A 45-year-old female presented with history of headache, dizziness and vomiting. MRI demonstrated a well defined extra-axial lesion in left temporal lobe anteriorly at the base of skull. Surgically the single tissue mass was removed which was well encapsulated, firm, grey-brown in colour. On frozen sections, we had given the differential diagnosis of Astrocytoma and hemangioblastoma. But on histopathological examination and special stain study we reached to the final diagnosis of hemangioblastoma. Hence the final diagnosis should not be given on the frozen section study only INTRODUCTION Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign tumors occurring in any part of the nervous system. Most are found as sporadic tumors in the cerebellum or spinal cord. However, these neoplasms are also associated with ...
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016
Acanthamoeba is a eukaryotic protist that occurs world-wide and can potentially cause infections ... more Acanthamoeba is a eukaryotic protist that occurs world-wide and can potentially cause infections in humans and other animals. Acanthamoeba cause the insidious and mostly fatal disease, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), particularly in immunocompromised or otherwise debilitated individuals. Acanthamoeba meningoencephalitis, also known as GAE is a rare, but nearly always fatal disease, caused by infection with Acanthamoeba species. The organism enters the nasal cavity when water contaminated with amoebae is aspirated. Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium, disseminates via haematogenous spread, and migrates into CNS at the blood brain barrier, and causes a fatal infection. We report a case of granulomatous amoebic meningoencephalitis (GAE)in an eleven year old male child, who was immunocompromised, a known case of AML (Acute Myeloid Leukaemia-type II), on chemotherapy, presenting with fever, headache, altered sensorium and se...
Introduction: Actinomycosis of gall bladder is highly infrequent and there are few cases found pu... more Introduction: Actinomycosis of gall bladder is highly infrequent and there are few cases found published in literature. The present case is rare and unique one of such few cases which was diagnosed incidentally in a clinically suspected case of carcinoma of bladder. Presentation of the case: The case being discussed here occurred a male, 68 years, who presented with abdominal discomfort. On examination, he was found to be having cholelithiasis on ultrasonography. An open cholecystectomy was carried out. Histopathology laboratory received the specimen of gall bladder which was grayish brown in colour with diffuse thickening of the gall bladder wall, which contained multiple brownish biliary calculi. Histological examination of the gall bladder revealed diffuse loss of mucosal epithelium with the gall bladder wall showing focal area of haemorrhage and encrusted biliary material. At places, colonies of radiating filamentous structure reminiscent of colonies of Actinomyces spp were note...
Background: Dengue virus, a mosquito-borne human viral pathogen, has recently become a major nati... more Background: Dengue virus, a mosquito-borne human viral pathogen, has recently become a major national health problem.The disease is transmitted in rainy season. There are four dengue virus serotypes, called DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4. The clinical manifestation of dengue infection varies from asymptomatic to severe life threatening illness in the form of DHF/DSS. Dengue haemorrhagic fever or DSS may be fatal in 40% to 50% of untreated patients. Laboratory diagnosis of dengue virus infection depends upon demonstration of specific antibodies in serum samples. Early diagnosis and monitoring is largely dependent on haematological parameters. As no specific antiviral therapy is available, supportive therapy is of most importance. Methods: NS1, Ig M & Ig G detection by Dengue Day 1 Test kit, haematological parameters by automated analyzer & peripheral smear, coagulation profile analysis by ACL-7000 coagulation meter, LFT by BACKMAN COULTER AU480. Result: Out of 100 cases, 95 (95%) of the patients had fever, 39 (39%) cases had leukocyte count <4,000/ mm 3 , thrombocytopenia (<1,00,000/mm 3 ) was observed in 81, 48 cases had derranged LFT with thrombocytopenia,17 cases had prolonged APTT which correlated with thrombocytopenia, 14 cases had raised APTT & deranged LFT which also showed thrombocytopenia. Conclusion: Thrombocytopenia was most predominant haematological discrepancy. Most cases (70%) were of classical DF & (28%) were cases of DHF who had fever, showed thrombocytopenia & deranged haematological parameters which signifies disease severity. 2% cases presented with hypotension & altered consciousness with severe thrombocytopenia & prolonged APTT (DHF/DSS) which indicates very poor prognosis & had fatal outcome. Initial leukopenia & leukocyte count returning to normal by ninth to tenth day after therapy in most of the cases indicates that leukocyte count an important benchmark for clinical improvement. Dengue fever does not have specific medical therapy hence clinical recovery monitoring is largely dependent on haematological parameters.
Sebaceoma is a benign tumour of epidermal appendages with sebaceous differentiation also known as... more Sebaceoma is a benign tumour of epidermal appendages with sebaceous differentiation also known as sebaceous epithelioma .We report a case of a 31 year old male presented with an exophytic mass on the posterior side of right ear lobule. Histopathology revealed rippled pattern sebeceoma comprising of cells arranged in sheets, cohesive nests and islands mostly comprising of basaloid cells (>50%)with mature sebocytes interspersed in between. The sebocytes appeared as clear cells , some cells multivacuolated with central indented nuclei. The rippled pattern sebeceoma is a histological variant and is seen predominantly in males in the head, neck and face region.The immunohistochemistry markers Epithelial Membrane Antigen (EMA) was focally positive along with Pan-Cytokeratin being strongly positive and diffuse which were conrmatory for the disgnosis.
Syringocystadenoma papilliferum exceedingly rare skin adnexal neoplasm of apocrine gland origin l... more Syringocystadenoma papilliferum exceedingly rare skin adnexal neoplasm of apocrine gland origin located primarily on the scalp and appearing as a hairless nodular /plaque lesion. In one third of the cases Syringocystadenoma papilliferum is associated with Naves Sebaceous of Jadassohn. A strong clinical acumen, prompt excision and confirmation by histopathology underline treatment of this deceptively docile neoplasm. We report a case of 9 year old boy because of its rarity and tendency for vagrant behavior.
International Journal of Scientific Research, Dec 30, 2014
Placenta accreta is abnormal adherence of placenta to uterine wall. Incidence of placenta accreta... more Placenta accreta is abnormal adherence of placenta to uterine wall. Incidence of placenta accreta has been rising because of increased rate of caesarean sections and dilatation and curettage (D&C) as well as advancing maternal age. Here we report a case of clinical placenta accreta, which on histopathology got reported as placenta increta. Placenta accreta is a seri- ous obstetric condition having high mortality and morbidity and causing complications like severe post partum haemorrhage and peripar- tum hysterectomies. Diagnosis of placenta increta and percreta depends on depth of invasion in hysterectomy specimen and thus clinical accreta may be placenta increta or percreta histopathologically. Introduction: Placenta accreta is abnormal adherence of the placenta to the uterine wall. Chorionic villi are abnormally contiguous with or actually extend into the basal myometrium. Depend- ing upon grade of invasion it is divided in three grades i.e. placenta accreta vera, placenta increta and placenta per- creta 1 . The condition is increasing in incidence by the pres- ence of scar tissue i.e. Asherman's syndrome, usually from past uterine surgery2. Most commonly it presents in third trimester of pregnancy. Placenta accreta is an obstetric con- dition with management challenges and significant mortality and morbidity. Obstetricians have to be aware of this condi- tion and its risk factors as forceful separation of placenta can result in profuse blood loss from the site of placenta accreta. Third stage of labor is invariably complicated by severe post- partum haemorrhage requiring extensive life-saving surgi- cal interventions viz. Hysterectomy, ligation of major pelvic blood vessels and blood transfusion.
Central nervous system (CNS) tumours constitute 1-2% of all neoplasms. They represent the second ... more Central nervous system (CNS) tumours constitute 1-2% of all neoplasms. They represent the second most common and overall the most common solid tumour of paediatric age group. Approximately 25% of all cancer related mortalities in paediatric population can occur because of CNS tumours. Aim of the study to determine the incidence of various CNS tumours and correlate histopathological diagnosis with clinical diagnosis and frozen section in selective cases. This is a retrospective and prospective study evaluating 60 patients of CNS tumours in a tertiary level hospital in Navi Mumbai. Fresh specimens obtained in intraoperative cases and postoperatively in fixative were examined and stained. Study of clinicopathological correlation gives the idea of distribution of brain tumour and demonstrates the changes in tumour spectrum in our population. High accuracy in frozen section diagnosis and its use can help in therapeutic approach which results in reduction in mortality and morbidity. <e...
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016
Schwannoma is a slow growing tumor arising from the outer sheath of a peripheral nerve. The tumor... more Schwannoma is a slow growing tumor arising from the outer sheath of a peripheral nerve. The tumor is typically eccentric to the nerve fibres, Chest wall schwannoma accounts for 5% of all thoracic neoplasms. Ancient schwannoma constitutes 0.8 % of soft tissue tumors. The flexor surface of extremities, mediastinum, retroperitoneum, head and neck are the most common sites. Long standing and large lesions, known as ancient schwannoma, may have cystic changes, calcification, haemorrhage and fibrosis. We report a case of a chest wall ancient schwannoma in a 62year male, who initially presented with an exophytic, pedunculated growth below the left nipple. Clinically and radiologically it can be misdiagnosed as a fibrous tumor. Histopathological examination is essential for confirmation of diagnosis assisted with immunohistochemistry in few cases.
Soft tissue sarcomas of the breast being rare malignancy their early diagnosis is imperative as t... more Soft tissue sarcomas of the breast being rare malignancy their early diagnosis is imperative as treatment modalities vary. Primary sarcomas of breast are extremely rare malignancies as compared to their counterpart epithelial tumors. We report a case of 36-year-old female who presented with a huge, fungating, irregular mass involving the entire left breast. The tumor was diagnosed histologically as Primary stromal sarcoma of breast with no axillary nodal involvement.
Haemoglobin within the red blood cells is vital for existence, being the means of transporting ox... more Haemoglobin within the red blood cells is vital for existence, being the means of transporting oxygen to tissues. Haemoglobin (Hb) abnormalities are the most frequent genetic disease, affecting approximately 7% of the world population [1].Haemoglobin E is a β chain variant, which is common in south-east Asia[2]. Chernoff and colleagues first described it in 1954 [3]. The prevalence of HbE in India is about 0-3.5% with a increased clustering in Kolkata (22%) and Assam (5080%)[1].
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a commonly used anticoagulant in sampling tubes designe... more Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) is a commonly used anticoagulant in sampling tubes designed for determination of complete blood counts. EDTA-dependent pseudo thrombocytopenia (PTCP) is the phenomenon of a spurious low platelet count due to EDTA-induced aggregation of platelets which are frequently not included in the platelet window of auto-analysers. We report 3 cases of EDTA induced pseudothrombocytopenias which were otherwise healthy with non specific symptoms that were resolved to a certain extent by subsequent collection in the Heparin tube and with complete resolution by collection in Sodium Citrate tube.
International journal of scientific research, 2016
Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign tumors of which most common site is cerebellum and spinal cord... more Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign tumors of which most common site is cerebellum and spinal cord. Here we report a rare case of hemangioblastoma in left temporo-parietal region which is the site. A 45-year-old female presented with history of headache, dizziness and vomiting. MRI demonstrated a well defined extra-axial lesion in left temporal lobe anteriorly at the base of skull. Surgically the single tissue mass was removed which was well encapsulated, firm, grey-brown in colour. On frozen sections, we had given the differential diagnosis of Astrocytoma and hemangioblastoma. But on histopathological examination and special stain study we reached to the final diagnosis of hemangioblastoma. Hence the final diagnosis should not be given on the frozen section study only INTRODUCTION Hemangioblastomas are rare, benign tumors occurring in any part of the nervous system. Most are found as sporadic tumors in the cerebellum or spinal cord. However, these neoplasms are also associated with ...
International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 2016
Acanthamoeba is a eukaryotic protist that occurs world-wide and can potentially cause infections ... more Acanthamoeba is a eukaryotic protist that occurs world-wide and can potentially cause infections in humans and other animals. Acanthamoeba cause the insidious and mostly fatal disease, granulomatous amoebic encephalitis (GAE), particularly in immunocompromised or otherwise debilitated individuals. Acanthamoeba meningoencephalitis, also known as GAE is a rare, but nearly always fatal disease, caused by infection with Acanthamoeba species. The organism enters the nasal cavity when water contaminated with amoebae is aspirated. Subsequently, it invades the central nervous system through the olfactory neuroepithelium, disseminates via haematogenous spread, and migrates into CNS at the blood brain barrier, and causes a fatal infection. We report a case of granulomatous amoebic meningoencephalitis (GAE)in an eleven year old male child, who was immunocompromised, a known case of AML (Acute Myeloid Leukaemia-type II), on chemotherapy, presenting with fever, headache, altered sensorium and se...
Introduction: Actinomycosis of gall bladder is highly infrequent and there are few cases found pu... more Introduction: Actinomycosis of gall bladder is highly infrequent and there are few cases found published in literature. The present case is rare and unique one of such few cases which was diagnosed incidentally in a clinically suspected case of carcinoma of bladder. Presentation of the case: The case being discussed here occurred a male, 68 years, who presented with abdominal discomfort. On examination, he was found to be having cholelithiasis on ultrasonography. An open cholecystectomy was carried out. Histopathology laboratory received the specimen of gall bladder which was grayish brown in colour with diffuse thickening of the gall bladder wall, which contained multiple brownish biliary calculi. Histological examination of the gall bladder revealed diffuse loss of mucosal epithelium with the gall bladder wall showing focal area of haemorrhage and encrusted biliary material. At places, colonies of radiating filamentous structure reminiscent of colonies of Actinomyces spp were note...
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Papers by Dr Reeta Dhar