Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The pr... more Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta‐lactamase and biofilm‐producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third‐ or fourth‐generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)‐producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0·05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX‐M‐15. The sequences blaCTX‐M‐15.2, blaCTX‐M‐197 and blaCTX‐M‐225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL‐producing isolates possessed blaAmpC. The present study detected 65·8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied biofilm associated genes. The isolates showed phenotypical resistance against chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, co‐trimoxazole, ampicillin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid. The present study showed that companion and household animals (dogs, cats, sheep, goats) may act as a carrier of ESBL/biofilm‐producing, multi‐drug resistant, high‐risk clonal lineage of Klebsiella.
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The pr... more Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta‐lactamase and biofilm‐producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third‐ or fourth‐generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)‐producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0·05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX‐M‐15. The sequences blaCTX‐M‐15.2, blaCTX‐M‐197 and blaCTX‐M‐225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL‐producing isolates possessed blaAmpC. The present study detected 65·8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied biofilm associated genes. The isolates showed phenotypical resistance against chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, co‐trimoxazole, ampicillin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid. The present study showed that companion and household animals (dogs, cats, sheep, goats) may act as a carrier of ESBL/biofilm‐producing, multi‐drug resistant, high‐risk clonal lineage of Klebsiella.
Milk is considered as complete food and an important part of human diet throughout the world incl... more Milk is considered as complete food and an important part of human diet throughout the world including India. Bacterial contamination of milk such as due to unhygienic condition and poor udder health can cause infections, especially in infants and elders or in immunocompromised persons. Possession of antimicrobial resistance genes by commensal bacteria present in milk makes the issue more serious. The study was aimed to isolate and characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing from milk samples collected from different parts of West Bengal, India, to assess the potential risk associated with the food. Around 182 milk samples were collected from apparently healthy cows reared by organized dairy farms in West Bengal. was isolated from collected samples as per standard methods followed by serotyping. The detection of ESBL-producing was done both phenotypically and genotypically by detecting the presence of gene. Antibiogram of the ESBL-positive isolates was done using ...
This study was undertaken to observe the prevalence, serogroup, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli... more This study was undertaken to observe the prevalence, serogroup, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)-associated virulence gene, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) pattern, and antibiotic resistance genes of E. coli in backyard layers and their environment in India. From the 360 samples of healthy layers and their environment, 272 (75.5%) E. coli were isolated. The majority (28.67%) of them were untypeable. Among the studied virulence genes (papC, tsh, iucC, astA), 52 (14.32%) isolates were found to possess astA, including the isolates from the drinking water of the birds (4/272, 1.47%). These strains belonged to 18 different serogroups. Most of the isolates were typeable by RAPD and they produced different patterns. Phenotypic resistance of the isolates was most frequently observed to erythromycin (95.83%), chloramphenicol (87.52%), and cotrimoxazole (78.26%). None of the isolates was found to possess extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (bla(TEM), bla(SHV), bla(CTX-M) or quinolone resistance (qnrA) genes by PCR. The present study was the first attempt in India to assess APEC distribution in backyard poultry production.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
Escherichia coli are commensal organism in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals and... more Escherichia coli are commensal organism in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals and it has been extensively used to monitor antimicrobial resistance in food animals including poultry. During the past few decades, drug resistance in E.coli has increased dramatically worldwide. Diverse class of antimicrobials is used to raise poultry International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 3 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
India is annually producing 5.3 million metricton of meat i.e. the 5 th largest in the World (DAH... more India is annually producing 5.3 million metricton of meat i.e. the 5 th largest in the World (DAHD, 2017) with the world's largest livestock population which plays an important role in rural economy and livelihood. It produces 21% of global chicken meat production annually. The poultry industry is a high growing vertically integrated industry in India and as well as in the state of West Bengal. West Bengal is the 2 nd largest contributor with 640 thousand metric ton meat production of which chicken meat International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 7 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
COVID-19 is nowadays a highly infectious disease affecting human civilization throughout the Glob... more COVID-19 is nowadays a highly infectious disease affecting human civilization throughout the Globe including India. A novel Coronavirus (nCoV) which was first reported from Wuhan, People's Republic of China, has now emerged as a public health emergency of international concern. The pandemic is caused by the Novel virus of the Coronaviridae family known as SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak was first reported in December 2019, and at present has spread in almost all over the world with more than 23 million cases causing more than 8 lakh 9 thousand deaths up to August 2020. At present India is having more than 3 million confirmed cases (3rd highest in the infection list) of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with 56000+ deaths, resulting in an overall case fatality rate of 2.04 percent. By August 2020, 215 countries around the world are under the threat of the pandemic with a death rate of 5% approx. Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 is generally transmitted via close contact with...
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The pr... more Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta-lactamase and biofilm-producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)-producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0.05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX-M-15. The sequences blaCTX-M-15.2, blaCTX-M-197 and blaCTX-M-225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL-producing isolates possessed blaAmpC. The present study detected 65.8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied b...
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The pr... more Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta‐lactamase and biofilm‐producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third‐ or fourth‐generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)‐producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0·05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX‐M‐15. The sequences blaCTX‐M‐15.2, blaCTX‐M‐197 and blaCTX‐M‐225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL‐producing isolates possessed blaAmpC. The present study detected 65·8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied biofilm associated genes. The isolates showed phenotypical resistance against chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, co‐trimoxazole, ampicillin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid. The present study showed that companion and household animals (dogs, cats, sheep, goats) may act as a carrier of ESBL/biofilm‐producing, multi‐drug resistant, high‐risk clonal lineage of Klebsiella.
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The pr... more Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta‐lactamase and biofilm‐producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third‐ or fourth‐generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)‐producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0·05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX‐M‐15. The sequences blaCTX‐M‐15.2, blaCTX‐M‐197 and blaCTX‐M‐225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL‐producing isolates possessed blaAmpC. The present study detected 65·8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied biofilm associated genes. The isolates showed phenotypical resistance against chloramphenicol, tetracycline, doxycycline, co‐trimoxazole, ampicillin, cefotaxime/clavulanic acid. The present study showed that companion and household animals (dogs, cats, sheep, goats) may act as a carrier of ESBL/biofilm‐producing, multi‐drug resistant, high‐risk clonal lineage of Klebsiella.
Milk is considered as complete food and an important part of human diet throughout the world incl... more Milk is considered as complete food and an important part of human diet throughout the world including India. Bacterial contamination of milk such as due to unhygienic condition and poor udder health can cause infections, especially in infants and elders or in immunocompromised persons. Possession of antimicrobial resistance genes by commensal bacteria present in milk makes the issue more serious. The study was aimed to isolate and characterize extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing from milk samples collected from different parts of West Bengal, India, to assess the potential risk associated with the food. Around 182 milk samples were collected from apparently healthy cows reared by organized dairy farms in West Bengal. was isolated from collected samples as per standard methods followed by serotyping. The detection of ESBL-producing was done both phenotypically and genotypically by detecting the presence of gene. Antibiogram of the ESBL-positive isolates was done using ...
This study was undertaken to observe the prevalence, serogroup, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli... more This study was undertaken to observe the prevalence, serogroup, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC)-associated virulence gene, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) pattern, and antibiotic resistance genes of E. coli in backyard layers and their environment in India. From the 360 samples of healthy layers and their environment, 272 (75.5%) E. coli were isolated. The majority (28.67%) of them were untypeable. Among the studied virulence genes (papC, tsh, iucC, astA), 52 (14.32%) isolates were found to possess astA, including the isolates from the drinking water of the birds (4/272, 1.47%). These strains belonged to 18 different serogroups. Most of the isolates were typeable by RAPD and they produced different patterns. Phenotypic resistance of the isolates was most frequently observed to erythromycin (95.83%), chloramphenicol (87.52%), and cotrimoxazole (78.26%). None of the isolates was found to possess extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (bla(TEM), bla(SHV), bla(CTX-M) or quinolone resistance (qnrA) genes by PCR. The present study was the first attempt in India to assess APEC distribution in backyard poultry production.
International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 2020
Escherichia coli are commensal organism in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals and... more Escherichia coli are commensal organism in the gastrointestinal tract of warm-blooded animals and it has been extensively used to monitor antimicrobial resistance in food animals including poultry. During the past few decades, drug resistance in E.coli has increased dramatically worldwide. Diverse class of antimicrobials is used to raise poultry International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 3 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
India is annually producing 5.3 million metricton of meat i.e. the 5 th largest in the World (DAH... more India is annually producing 5.3 million metricton of meat i.e. the 5 th largest in the World (DAHD, 2017) with the world's largest livestock population which plays an important role in rural economy and livelihood. It produces 21% of global chicken meat production annually. The poultry industry is a high growing vertically integrated industry in India and as well as in the state of West Bengal. West Bengal is the 2 nd largest contributor with 640 thousand metric ton meat production of which chicken meat International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 7 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com
COVID-19 is nowadays a highly infectious disease affecting human civilization throughout the Glob... more COVID-19 is nowadays a highly infectious disease affecting human civilization throughout the Globe including India. A novel Coronavirus (nCoV) which was first reported from Wuhan, People's Republic of China, has now emerged as a public health emergency of international concern. The pandemic is caused by the Novel virus of the Coronaviridae family known as SARS-CoV-2. The outbreak was first reported in December 2019, and at present has spread in almost all over the world with more than 23 million cases causing more than 8 lakh 9 thousand deaths up to August 2020. At present India is having more than 3 million confirmed cases (3rd highest in the infection list) of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), with 56000+ deaths, resulting in an overall case fatality rate of 2.04 percent. By August 2020, 215 countries around the world are under the threat of the pandemic with a death rate of 5% approx. Severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 is generally transmitted via close contact with...
Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The pr... more Antimicrobial resistance is a global emergency which needs one health approach to address. The present study was conducted to detect the prevalence of beta-lactamase and biofilm-producing Klebsiella strains in rectal swabs (n = 624) collected from healthy dogs, cats, sheep and goats reared as companion or household animals in India. The dogs and cats were frequently exposed to third- or fourth-generation cephalosporins for therapy. The sheep and goats were occasionally exposed to antibiotics and had environmental exposure. Phenotypical ESBL (n = 93) and ACBL (n = 88)-producing Klebsiella were isolated significantly more (P < 0.05) from companion animals than household animals. Majority of the Klebsiella possessed blaCTX-M-15. The sequences blaCTX-M-15.2, blaCTX-M-197 and blaCTX-M-225 are reported first time from the companion animals. All ACBL-producing isolates possessed blaAmpC. The present study detected 65.8% of Klebsiella strains as biofilm producers possessing the studied b...
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