Pali word Saddhā (P. saddhā) is usually translated to English as faith in the translation of Budd... more Pali word Saddhā (P. saddhā) is usually translated to English as faith in the translation of Buddhist texts. Many scholars have objected to this translation. This paper examines the meanings given to Saddhā in seven Pali-English glossaries and dictionaries. Of these only the Pali-English Dictionary of the Pali Text Society [PED] gives a 'brief etymology'. This paper is a critical reading of the PED entry Saddhā.
In Pali Buddhist texts there is a word, saddhā, which is usually translated as faith. The scholar... more In Pali Buddhist texts there is a word, saddhā, which is usually translated as faith. The scholarly world, however, appears to be divided on this question: some have objected to this translation while others have supported it. The problem is yet to be resolved. This paper documents the initial identification of the problem over eleven years ago. The paper is the first of a series of papers on a comprehensive investigation into the problem of translation saddhā into English.
Is Buddhism a religion or a philosophy? is a problem without a known solution. The root cause of ... more Is Buddhism a religion or a philosophy? is a problem without a known solution. The root cause of the problem is the ambiguous definitions of Buddha and Buddhism. The problem is aggravated by using Pali and Sanskrit interpretations of Buddha Siddhartha Gautama (Lord Buddha). His teaching is intrepeted, but its meaning is not understood. Buddhism is based on the statues and pictures of Lord Buddha giving rise to the idea that Buddhism is a religion. The paper proposes to study Pali word Saddha (faith. belief) to understand its meaning. If Saddha is faith or belief, then Buddhism is a religion
Whether Buddhism is a religion or philosophy is a perennial question. My previous paper concluded... more Whether Buddhism is a religion or philosophy is a perennial question. My previous paper concluded that Buddhism is neither a religion nor a philosophy. This paper proposes a solution to the problem.
Three definitions of Buddhism from Oxford Dictionaries, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Wikipedia, and ... more Three definitions of Buddhism from Oxford Dictionaries, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Wikipedia, and the definition of Buddhist philosophy from Wikipedia are analysed using Boolean algebra--a truth table. The definitions are converted to Boolean variables and expressions for the analysis. The paper concludes that 1. Buddhism is not a religion and 2 Buddhism is not a philosophy.
Buddhism defined as Religion or Philosophy (Oxford Dictionaries)
Buddhism defined as Religion and... more Buddhism defined as Religion or Philosophy (Oxford Dictionaries) Buddhism defined as Religion and Philosophy (Encyclopedia Britannica) Simple logic shows that Buddhism is neither a religion nor a philosophy.
Buddha is a word that has many many meanings. In this paper I search for definitions of Buddho in... more Buddha is a word that has many many meanings. In this paper I search for definitions of Buddho in the words of Bhagava Buddho. I find two definitions most interestingly an Upama (simile or parable) for life of of Sammasambuddho (unique name of Bhagava Buddho).
Bhagava thought of delivering his first Dhammadesana to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus who were living at ... more Bhagava thought of delivering his first Dhammadesana to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus who were living at Baranasi, Isipatana, Migadaya. He went on a journey to Baranasi from Bodhi-tree. He met Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus at Isipatana, Migadaya. It is here that Bhagava gave his first Dhammadesana. The text that introduces the first Dhammadesana is: Atha kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi. It consists of the following words: Atha, Kho Bhagava, Pancavaggiya Bhikkhu; and Amantesi. My comments on thew meaning of words aare as follows: Atha: Meaning not known. Kho: Meaning not known. Bhagava: The name used at first Sangiti to refer to Bhagava Araham Sammasambuddho. Pancavaggiya: a group of five Bhikkhu: Precise meaning not known; contextually, Bhikkhu refers to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus; they were Upatthakas when Bodhisatto was striving to get rid of Raga, Dosa and Moha (bahukārā kho me pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū, ye maṃ padhānapahitattaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃsu). Amantesi: to express Manta in words. Manta is a word(s) spoken by a teacher to his student to memorize. The Vedas were transmitted as mantas. Bhagava transmitted the following Manta to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhu.
Pañcavaggiyakathā is the story that follows Brahmacayanakatha in the Vinaya Mahavagga. My reading... more Pañcavaggiyakathā is the story that follows Brahmacayanakatha in the Vinaya Mahavagga. My reading of Pancavaggiyakatha is just to learn the story. Honer gives a translation of Pancavaggiyakatha; however, she has omitted the name of the story.1 Horner has attempted to translate all the words including that of Bhagava. Meaning of Bhagava's words are, however, not known. The text of paragraph 1 of Pancavaggiyakatha is quoted below: Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi. ''kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ? Ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī''ti? Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi-''ayaṃ kho āḷāro kālāmo paṇḍito byatto medhāvī dīgharattaṃ apparajakkhajātiko; yaṃnūnāhaṃ āḷārassa kālāmassa paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, so imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī''ti. Atha kho antarahitā devatā bhagavato
Brahma's entreaty is the 6th Vinaya Mahavagga. I read the story, independent of all renderings an... more Brahma's entreaty is the 6th Vinaya Mahavagga. I read the story, independent of all renderings and without using the PED. Notes I made are given in the draft paper. One significant achievements for me was I was able to understand the Lord Buddha's Gatha announcing his intention to show (define the Bhagavato Dhamma) to all beings because some of them will see and know the the Dhamma.
These are notes on Rajayatanakatha in Vinaya Mahavagga. It is an incident of the life of Bhagava ... more These are notes on Rajayatanakatha in Vinaya Mahavagga. It is an incident of the life of Bhagava (Lord Buddha). I have given a number of references to the story in the draft paper. Pivotal to my understanding of the story is the fact that Bhagava lived 2500 years ago and the story I have learned by tradition.
Following are my notes on the Mucalinda-katha (Mucalinda-story) in the Vinaya Mahavagga. I have l... more Following are my notes on the Mucalinda-katha (Mucalinda-story) in the Vinaya Mahavagga. I have learnt the Mucalinda-story during my early childhood in Sinhala. I have attempted here to convert the story from Sinhala to English. There could be errors in my conversion; hence I have called them notes. The errors can stem from the fact that many words do not have exact equivalents in English. Mucalinda-story from Vinaya Mahavagga is quoted below: Mucalindakathā Atha kho bhagavā sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā ajapālanigrodhamūlā yena mucalindo tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā mucalindamūle sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī. Tena kho pana samayena mahā akālamegho udapādi, sattāhavaddalikā sītavātaduddinī. Atha kho mucalindo nāgarājā sakabhavanā nikkhamitvā bhagavato kāyaṃ sattakkhattuṃ bhogehi parikkhipitvā uparimuddhani mahantaṃ phaṇaṃ karitvā aṭṭhāsi-''mā bhagavantaṃ sītaṃ, mā bhagavantaṃ uṇhaṃ, mā bhagavantaṃ ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīmsapasamphasso''ti. Atha kho mucalindo nāgarājā sattāhassa accayena viddhaṃ vigatavalāhakaṃ devaṃ viditvā bhagavato kāyā bhoge viniveṭhetvā sakavaṇṇaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā māṇavakavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā bhagavato purato aṭṭhāsi pañjaliko bhagavantaṃ namassamāno. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi-''Sukho viveko tuṭṭhassa, sutadhammassa passato; Abyāpajjaṃ sukhaṃ loke, pāṇabhūtesu saṃyamo. ''Sukhā virāgatā loke, kāmānaṃ samatikkamo; Asmimānassa yo vinayo, etaṃ ve paramaṃ sukha''nti.
The first three Udanas of Udanapali is given in Vinaya Pitaka in same words. The Notes compare th... more The first three Udanas of Udanapali is given in Vinaya Pitaka in same words. The Notes compare the Sutta and Vinaya versions considering them as spoken words of Lord Buddha (Sammasambuddho). The findings of this reading are interesting and well worth reading by anyone interested in understanding the Lord Buddha's teachings as recorded in Tipitaka.
An oral reading of the first, second and third Udanas of Lord Buddha. The stories show that they ... more An oral reading of the first, second and third Udanas of Lord Buddha. The stories show that they give: Anuloma Paticcasamuppada, Patilomasamuppada and Anuloma Paticcasamuppada. Lord Buddha's knowledge (Vijja) of the three constitute his Abhisambodhi.
Above text is the most fundamental chant in Theravada Buddhism. This paper attempts to find its m... more Above text is the most fundamental chant in Theravada Buddhism. This paper attempts to find its meaning in the Sutta Pitaka. The results are surprising!
Sādhu is written in English as Sadhu and defined in the Lexico. This paper traces the meaning of ... more Sādhu is written in English as Sadhu and defined in the Lexico. This paper traces the meaning of Sādhu according to the words of Lord Buddha in the Sutta Pitaka. The findings are surprising. According to Lord Buddha Sādhu the complete path for Savakasangha: from Sammaditthi to Sammavimutti. Before the Lord Buddha Saadhu was the path to heavenly world.
According to the traditions of the Sinhala speakers of Sri Lanka, the is known as Sammasambudu Ra... more According to the traditions of the Sinhala speakers of Sri Lanka, the is known as Sammasambudu Rajananvahanse (Lord Buddha). Before becoming Lord Buddha he was Bosatananvahanse. Pali Nikayas refer to him as So Bodhisatto. The present series of papers is most probably the first attempt to record the autobiography of So Bodhisatto.
Lord Buddha's oral teaching is not known. This paper is an attempt to find the Teaching in the Th... more Lord Buddha's oral teaching is not known. This paper is an attempt to find the Teaching in the Theravada Tipitaka. It identifies the the complete oral teaching of the Lord as the words Lord spoke from the moment Bodhisatto became Sammasambuddho until his final words just before his Parinibbana as Tathagatappavedito Dhammavinayo.
PED is a dictionary of Pali Language. PED cannot be used to understand the meaning of a single wo... more PED is a dictionary of Pali Language. PED cannot be used to understand the meaning of a single word of Bhagavata Dhammo-the Dhammo of Bhagava Buddho. Dhammo is the words attributed to Bhagava Buddho in the Pāli Tipitaka. Childers' dictionary gives the meaning of Pāli words. These meanings are based on the traditional Theravadin interpretation of Pāli. This paper proposes the use of methods in the Childers' dictionary to derive the meaning of words attributed to Bhagava buddho in the tipitaka.
Pali word Saddhā (P. saddhā) is usually translated to English as faith in the translation of Budd... more Pali word Saddhā (P. saddhā) is usually translated to English as faith in the translation of Buddhist texts. Many scholars have objected to this translation. This paper examines the meanings given to Saddhā in seven Pali-English glossaries and dictionaries. Of these only the Pali-English Dictionary of the Pali Text Society [PED] gives a 'brief etymology'. This paper is a critical reading of the PED entry Saddhā.
In Pali Buddhist texts there is a word, saddhā, which is usually translated as faith. The scholar... more In Pali Buddhist texts there is a word, saddhā, which is usually translated as faith. The scholarly world, however, appears to be divided on this question: some have objected to this translation while others have supported it. The problem is yet to be resolved. This paper documents the initial identification of the problem over eleven years ago. The paper is the first of a series of papers on a comprehensive investigation into the problem of translation saddhā into English.
Is Buddhism a religion or a philosophy? is a problem without a known solution. The root cause of ... more Is Buddhism a religion or a philosophy? is a problem without a known solution. The root cause of the problem is the ambiguous definitions of Buddha and Buddhism. The problem is aggravated by using Pali and Sanskrit interpretations of Buddha Siddhartha Gautama (Lord Buddha). His teaching is intrepeted, but its meaning is not understood. Buddhism is based on the statues and pictures of Lord Buddha giving rise to the idea that Buddhism is a religion. The paper proposes to study Pali word Saddha (faith. belief) to understand its meaning. If Saddha is faith or belief, then Buddhism is a religion
Whether Buddhism is a religion or philosophy is a perennial question. My previous paper concluded... more Whether Buddhism is a religion or philosophy is a perennial question. My previous paper concluded that Buddhism is neither a religion nor a philosophy. This paper proposes a solution to the problem.
Three definitions of Buddhism from Oxford Dictionaries, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Wikipedia, and ... more Three definitions of Buddhism from Oxford Dictionaries, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Wikipedia, and the definition of Buddhist philosophy from Wikipedia are analysed using Boolean algebra--a truth table. The definitions are converted to Boolean variables and expressions for the analysis. The paper concludes that 1. Buddhism is not a religion and 2 Buddhism is not a philosophy.
Buddhism defined as Religion or Philosophy (Oxford Dictionaries)
Buddhism defined as Religion and... more Buddhism defined as Religion or Philosophy (Oxford Dictionaries) Buddhism defined as Religion and Philosophy (Encyclopedia Britannica) Simple logic shows that Buddhism is neither a religion nor a philosophy.
Buddha is a word that has many many meanings. In this paper I search for definitions of Buddho in... more Buddha is a word that has many many meanings. In this paper I search for definitions of Buddho in the words of Bhagava Buddho. I find two definitions most interestingly an Upama (simile or parable) for life of of Sammasambuddho (unique name of Bhagava Buddho).
Bhagava thought of delivering his first Dhammadesana to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus who were living at ... more Bhagava thought of delivering his first Dhammadesana to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus who were living at Baranasi, Isipatana, Migadaya. He went on a journey to Baranasi from Bodhi-tree. He met Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus at Isipatana, Migadaya. It is here that Bhagava gave his first Dhammadesana. The text that introduces the first Dhammadesana is: Atha kho bhagavā pañcavaggiye bhikkhū āmantesi. It consists of the following words: Atha, Kho Bhagava, Pancavaggiya Bhikkhu; and Amantesi. My comments on thew meaning of words aare as follows: Atha: Meaning not known. Kho: Meaning not known. Bhagava: The name used at first Sangiti to refer to Bhagava Araham Sammasambuddho. Pancavaggiya: a group of five Bhikkhu: Precise meaning not known; contextually, Bhikkhu refers to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhus; they were Upatthakas when Bodhisatto was striving to get rid of Raga, Dosa and Moha (bahukārā kho me pañcavaggiyā bhikkhū, ye maṃ padhānapahitattaṃ upaṭṭhahiṃsu). Amantesi: to express Manta in words. Manta is a word(s) spoken by a teacher to his student to memorize. The Vedas were transmitted as mantas. Bhagava transmitted the following Manta to Pancavaggiya Bhikkhu.
Pañcavaggiyakathā is the story that follows Brahmacayanakatha in the Vinaya Mahavagga. My reading... more Pañcavaggiyakathā is the story that follows Brahmacayanakatha in the Vinaya Mahavagga. My reading of Pancavaggiyakatha is just to learn the story. Honer gives a translation of Pancavaggiyakatha; however, she has omitted the name of the story.1 Horner has attempted to translate all the words including that of Bhagava. Meaning of Bhagava's words are, however, not known. The text of paragraph 1 of Pancavaggiyakatha is quoted below: Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi. ''kassa nu kho ahaṃ paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ? Ko imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī''ti? Atha kho bhagavato etadahosi-''ayaṃ kho āḷāro kālāmo paṇḍito byatto medhāvī dīgharattaṃ apparajakkhajātiko; yaṃnūnāhaṃ āḷārassa kālāmassa paṭhamaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, so imaṃ dhammaṃ khippameva ājānissatī''ti. Atha kho antarahitā devatā bhagavato
Brahma's entreaty is the 6th Vinaya Mahavagga. I read the story, independent of all renderings an... more Brahma's entreaty is the 6th Vinaya Mahavagga. I read the story, independent of all renderings and without using the PED. Notes I made are given in the draft paper. One significant achievements for me was I was able to understand the Lord Buddha's Gatha announcing his intention to show (define the Bhagavato Dhamma) to all beings because some of them will see and know the the Dhamma.
These are notes on Rajayatanakatha in Vinaya Mahavagga. It is an incident of the life of Bhagava ... more These are notes on Rajayatanakatha in Vinaya Mahavagga. It is an incident of the life of Bhagava (Lord Buddha). I have given a number of references to the story in the draft paper. Pivotal to my understanding of the story is the fact that Bhagava lived 2500 years ago and the story I have learned by tradition.
Following are my notes on the Mucalinda-katha (Mucalinda-story) in the Vinaya Mahavagga. I have l... more Following are my notes on the Mucalinda-katha (Mucalinda-story) in the Vinaya Mahavagga. I have learnt the Mucalinda-story during my early childhood in Sinhala. I have attempted here to convert the story from Sinhala to English. There could be errors in my conversion; hence I have called them notes. The errors can stem from the fact that many words do not have exact equivalents in English. Mucalinda-story from Vinaya Mahavagga is quoted below: Mucalindakathā Atha kho bhagavā sattāhassa accayena tamhā samādhimhā vuṭṭhahitvā ajapālanigrodhamūlā yena mucalindo tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā mucalindamūle sattāhaṃ ekapallaṅkena nisīdi vimuttisukhapaṭisaṃvedī. Tena kho pana samayena mahā akālamegho udapādi, sattāhavaddalikā sītavātaduddinī. Atha kho mucalindo nāgarājā sakabhavanā nikkhamitvā bhagavato kāyaṃ sattakkhattuṃ bhogehi parikkhipitvā uparimuddhani mahantaṃ phaṇaṃ karitvā aṭṭhāsi-''mā bhagavantaṃ sītaṃ, mā bhagavantaṃ uṇhaṃ, mā bhagavantaṃ ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīmsapasamphasso''ti. Atha kho mucalindo nāgarājā sattāhassa accayena viddhaṃ vigatavalāhakaṃ devaṃ viditvā bhagavato kāyā bhoge viniveṭhetvā sakavaṇṇaṃ paṭisaṃharitvā māṇavakavaṇṇaṃ abhinimminitvā bhagavato purato aṭṭhāsi pañjaliko bhagavantaṃ namassamāno. Atha kho bhagavā etamatthaṃ viditvā tāyaṃ velāyaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi-''Sukho viveko tuṭṭhassa, sutadhammassa passato; Abyāpajjaṃ sukhaṃ loke, pāṇabhūtesu saṃyamo. ''Sukhā virāgatā loke, kāmānaṃ samatikkamo; Asmimānassa yo vinayo, etaṃ ve paramaṃ sukha''nti.
The first three Udanas of Udanapali is given in Vinaya Pitaka in same words. The Notes compare th... more The first three Udanas of Udanapali is given in Vinaya Pitaka in same words. The Notes compare the Sutta and Vinaya versions considering them as spoken words of Lord Buddha (Sammasambuddho). The findings of this reading are interesting and well worth reading by anyone interested in understanding the Lord Buddha's teachings as recorded in Tipitaka.
An oral reading of the first, second and third Udanas of Lord Buddha. The stories show that they ... more An oral reading of the first, second and third Udanas of Lord Buddha. The stories show that they give: Anuloma Paticcasamuppada, Patilomasamuppada and Anuloma Paticcasamuppada. Lord Buddha's knowledge (Vijja) of the three constitute his Abhisambodhi.
Above text is the most fundamental chant in Theravada Buddhism. This paper attempts to find its m... more Above text is the most fundamental chant in Theravada Buddhism. This paper attempts to find its meaning in the Sutta Pitaka. The results are surprising!
Sādhu is written in English as Sadhu and defined in the Lexico. This paper traces the meaning of ... more Sādhu is written in English as Sadhu and defined in the Lexico. This paper traces the meaning of Sādhu according to the words of Lord Buddha in the Sutta Pitaka. The findings are surprising. According to Lord Buddha Sādhu the complete path for Savakasangha: from Sammaditthi to Sammavimutti. Before the Lord Buddha Saadhu was the path to heavenly world.
According to the traditions of the Sinhala speakers of Sri Lanka, the is known as Sammasambudu Ra... more According to the traditions of the Sinhala speakers of Sri Lanka, the is known as Sammasambudu Rajananvahanse (Lord Buddha). Before becoming Lord Buddha he was Bosatananvahanse. Pali Nikayas refer to him as So Bodhisatto. The present series of papers is most probably the first attempt to record the autobiography of So Bodhisatto.
Lord Buddha's oral teaching is not known. This paper is an attempt to find the Teaching in the Th... more Lord Buddha's oral teaching is not known. This paper is an attempt to find the Teaching in the Theravada Tipitaka. It identifies the the complete oral teaching of the Lord as the words Lord spoke from the moment Bodhisatto became Sammasambuddho until his final words just before his Parinibbana as Tathagatappavedito Dhammavinayo.
PED is a dictionary of Pali Language. PED cannot be used to understand the meaning of a single wo... more PED is a dictionary of Pali Language. PED cannot be used to understand the meaning of a single word of Bhagavata Dhammo-the Dhammo of Bhagava Buddho. Dhammo is the words attributed to Bhagava Buddho in the Pāli Tipitaka. Childers' dictionary gives the meaning of Pāli words. These meanings are based on the traditional Theravadin interpretation of Pāli. This paper proposes the use of methods in the Childers' dictionary to derive the meaning of words attributed to Bhagava buddho in the tipitaka.
PED unusable to find the meaning of Pali words. PED cannot be revised (Margaret Cone). Dictionary... more PED unusable to find the meaning of Pali words. PED cannot be revised (Margaret Cone). Dictionary definitions of Pali, English and dictionary. Lexicon model dictionary. Critical evaluation of the PED and the competence of Rhys Davids, the senior compiler of PED.
Pali and Pāli are used as alternative names of the language of the texts of Theravada Buddhism ca... more Pali and Pāli are used as alternative names of the language of the texts of Theravada Buddhism causing great confusion when reading scholarly documents on Theravada Buddhism. Pali is an English word and it is defined in Oxford Dictionaries. Pāli is not an English word; hence, it is not defined in the Oxford Dictionaries; and there is no consensus on the meaning of Pāli. Information about Pali is collected from Encyclopedia Britannica (EB) and Wikipedia about the historical development Pali. This paper is an in-depth investigation of the equivalence of Pali and Pāli as the name of a language. There is no known methodology for this type of investigation. The paper therefore begins by quoting the definition of Pali from Oxford Dictionaries. For consistency all other English words in this paper conform to Oxford Dictionaries definitions.
Tathagata an important term in Buddhism is defined as a title of a Buddha; it comes from Pali Tat... more Tathagata an important term in Buddhism is defined as a title of a Buddha; it comes from Pali Tathāgata; its meaning is not known. PED article Tathāgata confirms the above; however, the word Tathāgata is not in the Sutta Piṭaka or Vinaya Piṭaka of the Pali canon. Childers’ dictionary, forerunner of PED has an entry Tathāgato; it says Tathāgato is unique name of the historical Buddha. This paper searches the Vinaya Piṭaka for the occurrences of Tathāgato.
Abstract: Buddha is considered to be the 'founder of Buddhism'. Buddha is a historical person— hi... more Abstract: Buddha is considered to be the 'founder of Buddhism'. Buddha is a historical person— historical Buddha. Buddhism is a phenomenon in history. Hence it has a historical origin. Two major traditions of Buddhism—Theravada and Mahayana, are extant today. The word Buddha is used for the historical person and for pictures and statues of Historical Buddha. Hence, there is a need to find a unique name for the historical Buddha. Best available information of life and times of historical Buddha is in the Sutta and Vinaya Pitakas of the Pali canon. However, these texts are not translatable and only interpretations exist. Hence, there is no consensus about the life of historical Buddha and his teachings. This paper is an attempt to find a solution to this seemingly impossible problem.
Theravada is given many meanings: doctrine of elders, way of the elders, school of elders and so ... more Theravada is given many meanings: doctrine of elders, way of the elders, school of elders and so on. Hence there is a great need to find the exact meaning of Theravada, which is one of the major traditions of Buddhism This paper attempts to find the meaning of theravāda in the words attributed to Bhagava Buddho in the Sutta and Vinaya Pitakas. The extensive quotes in the paper need to be read to understand it.
Buddha or the Buddha is the founder of Buddhism. He founded Buddhism after the experience commonl... more Buddha or the Buddha is the founder of Buddhism. He founded Buddhism after the experience commonly known as enlightenment. This paper demonstrates that all these terms are confusing and lead to multiple interpretations. The confusion is avoided in this paper by adopting the terms Historical Buddha and Enlightenment While Meditating; there is no word that corresponds to Buddhism in the Tipitaka, The paper begins to identify the life of Historical Buddha from his Enlightenment While Meditating using as source the Sutta and Vinaya Pitakas of the Tipitaka.
Pāli is considered by scholars as the language of the Theravāda canon; Pali is the anglicized for... more Pāli is considered by scholars as the language of the Theravāda canon; Pali is the anglicized form of Pāli. PED entry compares the meaning of Pali to Sanskrit pāli and gives two interpretations: the text of the Pāli Canon; and the literary language of the early Buddhists, closely related to Māgadhī. This paper critically examines the PED entry, especially the claim that Pāli is the literary language of the early Buddhists.
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Buddhism defined as Religion and Philosophy (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Simple logic shows that Buddhism is neither a religion nor a philosophy.
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Buddhism defined as Religion and Philosophy (Encyclopedia Britannica)
Simple logic shows that Buddhism is neither a religion nor a philosophy.
This paper attempts to find the meaning of theravāda in the words attributed to Bhagava Buddho in the Sutta and Vinaya Pitakas. The extensive quotes in the paper need to be read to understand it.