Our Masters Capstone Project is an Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) for Arizona’s largest electric ... more Our Masters Capstone Project is an Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) for Arizona’s largest electric utility, Arizona Public Service Electric (APS). An IRP is developed by utilities to identify the optimal combination of demand- and supply-side resources needed to reliably meet forecasted demand for energy and capacity, including a planning reserve margin, over a future period. In addition to APS’s obligation to serve the growing load in Arizona while minimizing costs, it is required by the state to adhere to the Renewable Energy Standard (RES) policy of 15 percent retail sales from renewable energy resources by 2025. The analysis described in the report aims to identify the optimal resource mix for APS to deploy to reliably meet the forecasted deficit and deliver 100 percent of its retail sales from zero-carbon sources by 2050, based on its recently announced goals. We analyzed three scenarios: Business-as-Usual (BAU), 100 Percent Clean Energy (Clean100) and 100 Percent Renewable Energ...
The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2020
Abstract Drawing on the work–home resources model, this study examines how and why empowering lea... more Abstract Drawing on the work–home resources model, this study examines how and why empowering leadership influences followers’ work–family conflict (WFC) and work–family positive spillover (WFPS). We focus on the mediating roles of leader–member exchange (LMX) and organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) and the moderating role of followers’ political skills. The results from a two-wave field survey of 272 employees in a state-owned enterprise in China indicate that LMX mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and WFPS and that OBSE mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and WFC. Moreover, political skills strengthen the main effects of empowering leadership on LMX and OBSE and the mediating effect of LMX on the relationship between empowering leadership and WFPS. Our findings have theoretical and managerial implications and indicate new research directions for leadership and work–family issues.
Based on the perspective of organisational capability and learning orientation, this study posits... more Based on the perspective of organisational capability and learning orientation, this study posits that knowledge resources influence firm performance through a positive effect on organisational capability. Tests on a sample of 133 Chinese firms show that organisational learning orientation moderates in a positive relationship between knowledge resources and firm performance. A mediated moderation model is further tested and it is found that organisational capability mediates in the relationship linking the interaction between knowledge resources and learning orientation with firm performance. Discussions of theoretical and practical implications are included as well.
The growing body of whistleblowing literature includes many studies that have attempted to identi... more The growing body of whistleblowing literature includes many studies that have attempted to identify the individual level antecedents of whistleblowing behavior. However, cross-cultural differences in perceptions of the ethicality of whistleblowing affect the judgment of whistleblowing intention. This study ascertains how Chinese managers/professionals decide to blow the whistle in terms of their locus of control and subjective judgment regarding the
Demonstrating the equivalence of constructs is a key requirement for cross-cultural empirical res... more Demonstrating the equivalence of constructs is a key requirement for cross-cultural empirical research. The major purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how to assess measurement and functional equivalence or invariance using the 9-item, 3-factor Love of Money Scale (LOMS, a second-order factor model) and the 4-item, 1-factor Pay Level Satisfaction Scale (PLSS, a first-order factor model) across 29 samples in six continents (N = 5973). In step 1, we tested the configural, metric and scalar invariance of the LOMS and 17 samples achieved measurement invariance. In step 2, we applied the same procedures to the PLSS and nine samples achieved measurement invariance. Five samples (Brazil, China, South Africa, Spain and the USA) passed the measurement invariance criteria for both measures. In step 3, we found that for these two measures, common method variance was non-significant. In step 4, we tested the functional equivalence between the Love of Money Scale and Pay Level Satisfaction Sc...
本論文總結了湯博士和他的研究團隊關於金錢倫理及相關問題的研究發現。眾所周知,捲入財務醜聞的人們,他們的不道德行為往往依賴權力,且經過處心積慮的協同謀劃和組織。因為這一點,一直以來,社會科學家們如... more 本論文總結了湯博士和他的研究團隊關於金錢倫理及相關問題的研究發現。眾所周知,捲入財務醜聞的人們,他們的不道德行為往往依賴權力,且經過處心積慮的協同謀劃和組織。因為這一點,一直以來,社會科學家們如社會學家和管理學家都在試圖弄清楚金錢、貪欲和不道德行為的相互關係。在《福音書》中,人們也能發現同一主題的訓誡格言。例如,《聖經》中說,「貪財是萬惡之根」(提摩太前書6:10-11)。社會科學家們發現,貪財好貨的人更有可能不擇手段攫取金錢,以滿足一己私欲,而這一點應證了《新約》有關金錢誘惑的教導。本文試圖從社會科學得出的研究結果,及《聖經》的啟發,教導人們如何戰勝來自金錢的誘惑,正確地對待它。
In this study, we develop a theory of Monetary Intelligence, and explore satisfaction with pay an... more In this study, we develop a theory of Monetary Intelligence, and explore satisfaction with pay and life from the virtuous money smart perspective: In order to enjoy high pay satisfaction and life satisfaction, money smart individuals must become good stewards and curb their love-ofmoney motive. We collect data from 6,586 managers in 32 geopolitical entities across six continents. After controlling for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and individual income, results support our theory: Money smart people simultaneously focus on their intellectual virtues of prudence and “fulfillment”—enhancing stewardship behavior (the works) and “contentment”—reducing affective motive (love of money) and keeping cognitive meaning in perspective which are associated with enviable higher pay satisfaction than life satisfaction. GDP is related to life satisfaction, but not to pay satisfaction; while income is related to both. Counter-intuitively, neither GDP nor income is related to the feelings ...
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 2000
This study investigated how the effect of positive affectivity on work motivation was mediated by... more This study investigated how the effect of positive affectivity on work motivation was mediated by three attitudinal variables: perception of pay equity, pay satisfaction, and job satisfaction. The results indicated that positive affectivity had a positive effect on work motivation. Among the three-attitudinal variables, pay satisfaction and job satisfaction were found to mediate the effect of positive affectivity on work motivation.
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 1998
This study investigated the direct effects among work/family conflicts, job, marital and life sat... more This study investigated the direct effects among work/family conflicts, job, marital and life satisfactions reported by a Hong Kong sample. Seventeen hundred questionnaires were sent to three different professions in Hong Kong and 497 successful responses were obtained. The findings indicated that work and family conflicts as well as interrole conflict affected job satisfaction and marital satisfaction. Likewise, life satisfaction reported by the respondents was affected by their level of job satisfaction and marital satisfaction as well.
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 1994
... INSTRUMENTATION The first set of dependent variables, value dimensions, were measured by the ... more ... INSTRUMENTATION The first set of dependent variables, value dimensions, were measured by the Chinese Value Survey (Chinese Culture Connection, 1987). This 40-item Chinese questionnaire was translated into English. ...
Our Masters Capstone Project is an Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) for Arizona’s largest electric ... more Our Masters Capstone Project is an Integrated Resource Plan (IRP) for Arizona’s largest electric utility, Arizona Public Service Electric (APS). An IRP is developed by utilities to identify the optimal combination of demand- and supply-side resources needed to reliably meet forecasted demand for energy and capacity, including a planning reserve margin, over a future period. In addition to APS’s obligation to serve the growing load in Arizona while minimizing costs, it is required by the state to adhere to the Renewable Energy Standard (RES) policy of 15 percent retail sales from renewable energy resources by 2025. The analysis described in the report aims to identify the optimal resource mix for APS to deploy to reliably meet the forecasted deficit and deliver 100 percent of its retail sales from zero-carbon sources by 2050, based on its recently announced goals. We analyzed three scenarios: Business-as-Usual (BAU), 100 Percent Clean Energy (Clean100) and 100 Percent Renewable Energ...
The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 2020
Abstract Drawing on the work–home resources model, this study examines how and why empowering lea... more Abstract Drawing on the work–home resources model, this study examines how and why empowering leadership influences followers’ work–family conflict (WFC) and work–family positive spillover (WFPS). We focus on the mediating roles of leader–member exchange (LMX) and organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) and the moderating role of followers’ political skills. The results from a two-wave field survey of 272 employees in a state-owned enterprise in China indicate that LMX mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and WFPS and that OBSE mediates the relationship between empowering leadership and WFC. Moreover, political skills strengthen the main effects of empowering leadership on LMX and OBSE and the mediating effect of LMX on the relationship between empowering leadership and WFPS. Our findings have theoretical and managerial implications and indicate new research directions for leadership and work–family issues.
Based on the perspective of organisational capability and learning orientation, this study posits... more Based on the perspective of organisational capability and learning orientation, this study posits that knowledge resources influence firm performance through a positive effect on organisational capability. Tests on a sample of 133 Chinese firms show that organisational learning orientation moderates in a positive relationship between knowledge resources and firm performance. A mediated moderation model is further tested and it is found that organisational capability mediates in the relationship linking the interaction between knowledge resources and learning orientation with firm performance. Discussions of theoretical and practical implications are included as well.
The growing body of whistleblowing literature includes many studies that have attempted to identi... more The growing body of whistleblowing literature includes many studies that have attempted to identify the individual level antecedents of whistleblowing behavior. However, cross-cultural differences in perceptions of the ethicality of whistleblowing affect the judgment of whistleblowing intention. This study ascertains how Chinese managers/professionals decide to blow the whistle in terms of their locus of control and subjective judgment regarding the
Demonstrating the equivalence of constructs is a key requirement for cross-cultural empirical res... more Demonstrating the equivalence of constructs is a key requirement for cross-cultural empirical research. The major purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how to assess measurement and functional equivalence or invariance using the 9-item, 3-factor Love of Money Scale (LOMS, a second-order factor model) and the 4-item, 1-factor Pay Level Satisfaction Scale (PLSS, a first-order factor model) across 29 samples in six continents (N = 5973). In step 1, we tested the configural, metric and scalar invariance of the LOMS and 17 samples achieved measurement invariance. In step 2, we applied the same procedures to the PLSS and nine samples achieved measurement invariance. Five samples (Brazil, China, South Africa, Spain and the USA) passed the measurement invariance criteria for both measures. In step 3, we found that for these two measures, common method variance was non-significant. In step 4, we tested the functional equivalence between the Love of Money Scale and Pay Level Satisfaction Sc...
本論文總結了湯博士和他的研究團隊關於金錢倫理及相關問題的研究發現。眾所周知,捲入財務醜聞的人們,他們的不道德行為往往依賴權力,且經過處心積慮的協同謀劃和組織。因為這一點,一直以來,社會科學家們如... more 本論文總結了湯博士和他的研究團隊關於金錢倫理及相關問題的研究發現。眾所周知,捲入財務醜聞的人們,他們的不道德行為往往依賴權力,且經過處心積慮的協同謀劃和組織。因為這一點,一直以來,社會科學家們如社會學家和管理學家都在試圖弄清楚金錢、貪欲和不道德行為的相互關係。在《福音書》中,人們也能發現同一主題的訓誡格言。例如,《聖經》中說,「貪財是萬惡之根」(提摩太前書6:10-11)。社會科學家們發現,貪財好貨的人更有可能不擇手段攫取金錢,以滿足一己私欲,而這一點應證了《新約》有關金錢誘惑的教導。本文試圖從社會科學得出的研究結果,及《聖經》的啟發,教導人們如何戰勝來自金錢的誘惑,正確地對待它。
In this study, we develop a theory of Monetary Intelligence, and explore satisfaction with pay an... more In this study, we develop a theory of Monetary Intelligence, and explore satisfaction with pay and life from the virtuous money smart perspective: In order to enjoy high pay satisfaction and life satisfaction, money smart individuals must become good stewards and curb their love-ofmoney motive. We collect data from 6,586 managers in 32 geopolitical entities across six continents. After controlling for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and individual income, results support our theory: Money smart people simultaneously focus on their intellectual virtues of prudence and “fulfillment”—enhancing stewardship behavior (the works) and “contentment”—reducing affective motive (love of money) and keeping cognitive meaning in perspective which are associated with enviable higher pay satisfaction than life satisfaction. GDP is related to life satisfaction, but not to pay satisfaction; while income is related to both. Counter-intuitively, neither GDP nor income is related to the feelings ...
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 2000
This study investigated how the effect of positive affectivity on work motivation was mediated by... more This study investigated how the effect of positive affectivity on work motivation was mediated by three attitudinal variables: perception of pay equity, pay satisfaction, and job satisfaction. The results indicated that positive affectivity had a positive effect on work motivation. Among the three-attitudinal variables, pay satisfaction and job satisfaction were found to mediate the effect of positive affectivity on work motivation.
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 1998
This study investigated the direct effects among work/family conflicts, job, marital and life sat... more This study investigated the direct effects among work/family conflicts, job, marital and life satisfactions reported by a Hong Kong sample. Seventeen hundred questionnaires were sent to three different professions in Hong Kong and 497 successful responses were obtained. The findings indicated that work and family conflicts as well as interrole conflict affected job satisfaction and marital satisfaction. Likewise, life satisfaction reported by the respondents was affected by their level of job satisfaction and marital satisfaction as well.
Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal, 1994
... INSTRUMENTATION The first set of dependent variables, value dimensions, were measured by the ... more ... INSTRUMENTATION The first set of dependent variables, value dimensions, were measured by the Chinese Value Survey (Chinese Culture Connection, 1987). This 40-item Chinese questionnaire was translated into English. ...
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