This thesis explores the extent to which the early 17th-century English "particular plantation" l... more This thesis explores the extent to which the early 17th-century English "particular plantation" layout at Flowerdew Hundred (1618—32), located in Prince George County, Virginia, was influenced by patterned cognition recorded in earlier Chesapeake public corporations and contemporary town-planning models. Historical archaeology, middle-range theory, competence, site-structure analogs, and the comparative method are used to analyze the database, which then is favorably compared with the basic site structure of archaeological sites at Jordans Journey, Wolstenholme Town, James Fort, the Nansemond Fort, and Clifts. This study determines that, through the influence of George Yeardley, who owned the plantation from 1619 through 1624, Flowerdew Hundred shares important attributes with previous public corporations in Virginia at Bermuda Hundred, Charles City, and Henrico. The presence of immense wealth and social power, a fort with publicly owned artillery, a resident corporation minister, public tobacco and storehouses, railed-in corporate cattle herds, and a complete military command system indicate that Flowerdew Hundred became the key public corporation center for Charles City and the main James River defensive center for the entire Virginia colony during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1622—32). The fort and town center at Flowerdew Hundred were fully integrated through Roman, Renaissance, and Dutch influences. Within it, Yeardley took the structure of the west English longhouse and cleverly adjusted it to make an architectural statement of "humanitas," a noncommemorative reference to classical antiquity. The plan features a headquarters building and chapel in a hierarchal position over a subordinate quarter and public store. The result is a Palladian-influenced Vitruvian tripartite plan that summarizes the "civility" of a town as a defended villa. The tripartite plan at Flowerdew is spatially and functionally comparable to the architectural core of numerous Ulster sites; Jamestown Fort, Jordan's Journey, Site C at Martin's Hundred, the Nansemond Fort at Harbor View, and Clifts plantation in the 17th-century Chesapeake; and 18th-century Virginia plantations such as Shirley and Nomini Hall. The common classical deep structure of all these units suggests that 17th-century, loosely symmetrical ordinal villa plans with staggered subordinate buildings—permissible in Renaissance conceptions of Vitruvian order—yielded to more metaphoric and rigidly symmetrical Palladian villa plans in the 18th century, allowing us to account for change in the Structuralist cognitive model of Deetz (1977).
This thesis explores the extent to which the early 17th-century English "particular plantation" l... more This thesis explores the extent to which the early 17th-century English "particular plantation" layout at Flowerdew Hundred (1618—32), located in Prince George County, Virginia, was influenced by patterned cognition recorded in earlier Chesapeake public corporations and contemporary town-planning models. Historical archaeology, middle-range theory, competence, site-structure analogs, and the comparative method are used to analyze the database, which then is favorably compared with the basic site structure of archaeological sites at Jordans Journey, Wolstenholme Town, James Fort, the Nansemond Fort, and Clifts. This study determines that, through the influence of George Yeardley, who owned the plantation from 1619 through 1624, Flowerdew Hundred shares important attributes with previous public corporations in Virginia at Bermuda Hundred, Charles City, and Henrico. The presence of immense wealth and social power, a fort with publicly owned artillery, a resident corporation minister, public tobacco and storehouses, railed-in corporate cattle herds, and a complete military command system indicate that Flowerdew Hundred became the key public corporation center for Charles City and the main James River defensive center for the entire Virginia colony during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1622—32). The fort and town center at Flowerdew Hundred were fully integrated through Roman, Renaissance, and Dutch influences. Within it, Yeardley took the structure of the west English longhouse and cleverly adjusted it to make an architectural statement of "humanitas," a noncommemorative reference to classical antiquity. The plan features a headquarters building and chapel in a hierarchal position over a subordinate quarter and public store. The result is a Palladian-influenced Vitruvian tripartite plan that summarizes the "civility" of a town as a defended villa. The tripartite plan at Flowerdew is spatially and functionally comparable to the architectural core of numerous Ulster sites; Jamestown Fort, Jordan's Journey, Site C at Martin's Hundred, the Nansemond Fort at Harbor View, and Clifts plantation in the 17th-century Chesapeake; and 18th-century Virginia plantations such as Shirley and Nomini Hall. The common classical deep structure of all these units suggests that 17th-century, loosely symmetrical ordinal villa plans with staggered subordinate buildings—permissible in Renaissance conceptions of Vitruvian order—yielded to more metaphoric and rigidly symmetrical Palladian villa plans in the 18th century, allowing us to account for change in the Structuralist cognitive model of Deetz (1977).
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Papers by Charles Hodges
compared with the basic site structure of archaeological sites at Jordans Journey, Wolstenholme Town, James Fort, the Nansemond Fort, and Clifts. This study determines that, through the influence of George Yeardley, who owned the plantation from 1619 through 1624, Flowerdew Hundred shares important attributes with previous public corporations in Virginia at Bermuda Hundred, Charles City, and Henrico. The presence of immense wealth and social power, a fort with publicly owned artillery, a resident corporation minister, public tobacco and
storehouses, railed-in corporate cattle herds, and a complete military command system indicate that Flowerdew Hundred became the key public corporation center for Charles City and the main James River defensive center for the entire Virginia colony during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1622—32).
The fort and town center at Flowerdew Hundred were fully integrated through Roman, Renaissance, and Dutch influences. Within it, Yeardley took the structure of the west English longhouse and cleverly adjusted it to make an architectural statement of "humanitas," a noncommemorative reference to classical antiquity.
The plan features a headquarters building and chapel in a hierarchal position over a subordinate quarter and public store. The result is a Palladian-influenced Vitruvian tripartite plan that summarizes the "civility" of a town as a defended villa. The tripartite plan at Flowerdew is spatially and functionally comparable to the architectural core of numerous Ulster sites; Jamestown Fort, Jordan's Journey, Site
C at Martin's Hundred, the Nansemond Fort at Harbor View, and Clifts plantation in the 17th-century Chesapeake; and 18th-century Virginia plantations such as Shirley and Nomini Hall. The common classical deep structure of all these units suggests that 17th-century, loosely symmetrical ordinal villa plans with staggered
subordinate buildings—permissible in Renaissance conceptions of Vitruvian order—yielded to more metaphoric and rigidly symmetrical Palladian villa plans in the 18th century, allowing us to account for change in the Structuralist cognitive model of Deetz (1977).
compared with the basic site structure of archaeological sites at Jordans Journey, Wolstenholme Town, James Fort, the Nansemond Fort, and Clifts. This study determines that, through the influence of George Yeardley, who owned the plantation from 1619 through 1624, Flowerdew Hundred shares important attributes with previous public corporations in Virginia at Bermuda Hundred, Charles City, and Henrico. The presence of immense wealth and social power, a fort with publicly owned artillery, a resident corporation minister, public tobacco and
storehouses, railed-in corporate cattle herds, and a complete military command system indicate that Flowerdew Hundred became the key public corporation center for Charles City and the main James River defensive center for the entire Virginia colony during the Second Anglo-Powhatan War (1622—32).
The fort and town center at Flowerdew Hundred were fully integrated through Roman, Renaissance, and Dutch influences. Within it, Yeardley took the structure of the west English longhouse and cleverly adjusted it to make an architectural statement of "humanitas," a noncommemorative reference to classical antiquity.
The plan features a headquarters building and chapel in a hierarchal position over a subordinate quarter and public store. The result is a Palladian-influenced Vitruvian tripartite plan that summarizes the "civility" of a town as a defended villa. The tripartite plan at Flowerdew is spatially and functionally comparable to the architectural core of numerous Ulster sites; Jamestown Fort, Jordan's Journey, Site
C at Martin's Hundred, the Nansemond Fort at Harbor View, and Clifts plantation in the 17th-century Chesapeake; and 18th-century Virginia plantations such as Shirley and Nomini Hall. The common classical deep structure of all these units suggests that 17th-century, loosely symmetrical ordinal villa plans with staggered
subordinate buildings—permissible in Renaissance conceptions of Vitruvian order—yielded to more metaphoric and rigidly symmetrical Palladian villa plans in the 18th century, allowing us to account for change in the Structuralist cognitive model of Deetz (1977).