This paper attempts to unravel the multiple challenges defining the complex nature of relations b... more This paper attempts to unravel the multiple challenges defining the complex nature of relations between the security sector and the institutional framework within emerging democracies, in this instance, the legislature that is responsible for overseeing it. The article exposes a multiplicity of these challenges which include massive corruption, inexperience of parliamentarians, the extremely limited tenure of oversight functionaries and the secrecy laws, which conspire to make it difficult for law makers to work effectively. The perspectives of the article depended on a wide spectrum of security sector literatures to knit its arguments. Recommendations focused on suggesting that parliamentarians should endeavour to make effort aimed at overcoming the areas that constitute a challenge to their oversight responsibilities. In addition, the government should be seen to be vigorously pursuing an agenda that seeks to rid its institutions of corrupt officials whether in parliament or the security sector.
The paper, “Thou Shall Not Kill: an Interfaith Model Towards Peacebuilding” is an effort directed... more The paper, “Thou Shall Not Kill: an Interfaith Model Towards Peacebuilding” is an effort directed at laying bare the challenge(s) of violence that results in the destruction of man the specie confronting the universal humanity. It is equally an examination of the role played by a “few good men” to confront this menace with the weapon of truth as bequeathed across every human civilization through the ages - fine breed of men from the Judeo Christian and Islamic monotheistic traditions and their counterparts, comprising the trinity of the ancient dharmic faiths- Jains, Buddhist and Hindu orientations who are united in their consciousness that religions do not sanctify lethality – In addition, this effort reveals the quality of, and the triumph of the human spirit as men of will and daring war against evil sometimes imperiling their own lives in the defense of the lives of others. The study depends on, but is not limited to the secondary source including the humanists historical approach. Findings established that indeed just as good men exist to ensure civilizational stability and eventual survival, evil men abound too, and are equally thriving to breed disharmony through the manipulation of religious tenets and the concoction of heresies. The article recommends that to undermine evil, a potent instrumentality for interfaith dialogue must be conceived of and adapted in human relations involving multiple belief systems. The education of adherents of different religions in the truth of their faiths must become a core matter in religious studies and the content of mediums of mass communication.
It is ironic that today as in the past, despite the process of a globalizing world order; the Thi... more It is ironic that today as in the past, despite the process of a globalizing world order; the Third World economies have remained marginalized from active participation in the benefits of growth and sustainable development. This paper aims at assessing why and how the countries of the South have remained marginal actors in the world economic system despite their efforts to arrest the trend. The article is driven by the need for a sustained normative and pragmatic representation of existing paradigmatic discourses within the field of political economy. To achieve this objective, the article leaned heavily on the content analysis of available literary materials in both the humanities and the Social sciences, linking the discourse to the failure of the countries of the South to emancipate their economies from marginalization in the global economy. The paper argues that, given the countries of the South’s massive fertile landmass, they could maximize the potentials at their disposal by perfecting the practices in the agricultural industry through which they would develop vibrant value chains of locally produced products thereby entrenching their economies as indispensable actors in the global economy.
This paper has deliberated on approaches to fostering civil society engagements to strengthen Chi... more This paper has deliberated on approaches to fostering civil society engagements to strengthen China-Africa relations. The central argument being that these two civilizations can cash on the immense civil society potentials in both Africa and China in ensuring that this mutually beneficial engagement is sustained. This is important because by nature civil societies in both Africa and China have demonstrated commitment towards complementing government’s policies and programmes that are meant for the good of the generality of the entire population.
The paper attempts examining the relationship between civilians in society and the military as a ... more The paper attempts examining the relationship between civilians in society and the military as a peace building institution in a violence prone polity. Thus, because of the relevance of the subject, the study focuses on contextualizing the contending dynamics of civil-military relations from the colonial period to date. Aspects of this relationship and the sometimes extreme tension characterizing it, hence thwarting efforts at mobilizing against the threat to the state as an organic entity by the Boko Haram insurrection are coherently brought to the fore as core themes within the article. The methodology sourced to sustainably direct the thrust of our argument leans heavily on the qualitative analysis (non numerical approach) of existing data. Findings confirm that a major bane of the war on terror is the discord between the military and civil society. This is in the sense that members of the civil society perceive themselves as victims of the arbitrary conduct of the military against them hence their refusal to partner with the military in confronting the menace of Boko Haram plaguing the country. This condition has negatively imperiled the harnessing of a robust civil-military relations that should have contributed in fashioning out an avenue for intelligence sharing that will naturally fortify the chosen strategy against the Boko Haram terrorist organisation. Therefore, the work advocates that if set goals are to be achieved, then international human rights precepts must be observed which should include strict adherence to the principles defining the central themes in the rules of engagements (ROE) as troops are deployed amidst the civil populace.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Traffic congestion could be a condition in transport where it has huge crowds, slows the speed of... more Traffic congestion could be a condition in transport where it has huge crowds, slows the speed of vehicles and even it increases the vehicular lengths. Traffic congestion on city road networks has increased rapidly, since the 1950s. When the traffic demand is great then the interaction between the vehicles reduces the speed of the traffic and finally results in traffic congestion. To overcome such circumstances in present scenario, smart traffic management system can be initiated and we are in study to find a solution to make traffic free city. This system helps in monitoring the traffic signals and flow of vehicles by means of image processing with CCTV cameras. CCTV cameras help in image processing and identifying the number of vehicles passing in the road surface. It helps in abating the traffic congestion in the road and fuel consumption of the automobiles. Sensors are used for detecting the number of vehicles and speed. By coordinating the CCTV cameras and sensors the collected...
This work examines the complex phenomenon of global terrorism in a fast evolving International Or... more This work examines the complex phenomenon of global terrorism in a fast evolving International Order (the New World Order) that is driven by the wheel of globalization as a historical process. The discourse is domesticated within the Nigeria geographical space with the onslaught of the Boko Haram attack on the Nigerian state; its premier institutional bulwark represented by the military and its vulnerable populations as case study. The article presents Nigeria as a deeply divided society that is exploited by the terrorist to their advantage. The work contained herein is anchored on the failed state and the relative deprivation theoretical model to sustain its thrust and give meaning to the arguments articulated. The methodology depended-on for data leans heavily on the analysis of secondary sources within the traditional liberal and social science orientations. Finally, the article presents a set of recommendations that could contribute in the reversal of the grounds covered by the ...
Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies, 2015
IntroductionThe challenges currently confronting the Nigerian state transcend the previously simp... more IntroductionThe challenges currently confronting the Nigerian state transcend the previously simple case of boundary disputes and communal clashes to become something much more complex like armed insurrection. Insecurity posed by different forms of insurgency is now the most conspicuous feature of the country. Besides wreaking all sorts of havoc on the country and its population, insurgency has attached to the Nigerian state the labels 'dysfunctional state', 'weak state' and 'failed state'. The murderous activities of Boko Haram, an Islamist terrorist group, have particularly constituted a serious threat to the security of the country, as well as its existence as a legitimate entity. There is no denying that the spate of insurgency that permeates post-military Nigeria is traceable partly to the air of freedom enjoyed by the citizens. However, as shall be demonstrated in relation to the reign of terror orchestrated by the dreaded Boko Haram in the north and th...
This paper attempts to unravel the multiple challenges defining the complex nature of relations b... more This paper attempts to unravel the multiple challenges defining the complex nature of relations between the security sector and the institutional framework within emerging democracies, in this instance, the legislature that is responsible for overseeing it. The article exposes a multiplicity of these challenges which include massive corruption, inexperience of parliamentarians, the extremely limited tenure of oversight functionaries and the secrecy laws, which conspire to make it difficult for law makers to work effectively. The perspectives of the article depended on a wide spectrum of security sector literatures to knit its arguments. Recommendations focused on suggesting that parliamentarians should endeavour to make effort aimed at overcoming the areas that constitute a challenge to their oversight responsibilities. In addition, the government should be seen to be vigorously pursuing an agenda that seeks to rid its institutions of corrupt officials whether in parliament or the security sector.
The paper, “Thou Shall Not Kill: an Interfaith Model Towards Peacebuilding” is an effort directed... more The paper, “Thou Shall Not Kill: an Interfaith Model Towards Peacebuilding” is an effort directed at laying bare the challenge(s) of violence that results in the destruction of man the specie confronting the universal humanity. It is equally an examination of the role played by a “few good men” to confront this menace with the weapon of truth as bequeathed across every human civilization through the ages - fine breed of men from the Judeo Christian and Islamic monotheistic traditions and their counterparts, comprising the trinity of the ancient dharmic faiths- Jains, Buddhist and Hindu orientations who are united in their consciousness that religions do not sanctify lethality – In addition, this effort reveals the quality of, and the triumph of the human spirit as men of will and daring war against evil sometimes imperiling their own lives in the defense of the lives of others. The study depends on, but is not limited to the secondary source including the humanists historical approach. Findings established that indeed just as good men exist to ensure civilizational stability and eventual survival, evil men abound too, and are equally thriving to breed disharmony through the manipulation of religious tenets and the concoction of heresies. The article recommends that to undermine evil, a potent instrumentality for interfaith dialogue must be conceived of and adapted in human relations involving multiple belief systems. The education of adherents of different religions in the truth of their faiths must become a core matter in religious studies and the content of mediums of mass communication.
It is ironic that today as in the past, despite the process of a globalizing world order; the Thi... more It is ironic that today as in the past, despite the process of a globalizing world order; the Third World economies have remained marginalized from active participation in the benefits of growth and sustainable development. This paper aims at assessing why and how the countries of the South have remained marginal actors in the world economic system despite their efforts to arrest the trend. The article is driven by the need for a sustained normative and pragmatic representation of existing paradigmatic discourses within the field of political economy. To achieve this objective, the article leaned heavily on the content analysis of available literary materials in both the humanities and the Social sciences, linking the discourse to the failure of the countries of the South to emancipate their economies from marginalization in the global economy. The paper argues that, given the countries of the South’s massive fertile landmass, they could maximize the potentials at their disposal by perfecting the practices in the agricultural industry through which they would develop vibrant value chains of locally produced products thereby entrenching their economies as indispensable actors in the global economy.
This paper has deliberated on approaches to fostering civil society engagements to strengthen Chi... more This paper has deliberated on approaches to fostering civil society engagements to strengthen China-Africa relations. The central argument being that these two civilizations can cash on the immense civil society potentials in both Africa and China in ensuring that this mutually beneficial engagement is sustained. This is important because by nature civil societies in both Africa and China have demonstrated commitment towards complementing government’s policies and programmes that are meant for the good of the generality of the entire population.
The paper attempts examining the relationship between civilians in society and the military as a ... more The paper attempts examining the relationship between civilians in society and the military as a peace building institution in a violence prone polity. Thus, because of the relevance of the subject, the study focuses on contextualizing the contending dynamics of civil-military relations from the colonial period to date. Aspects of this relationship and the sometimes extreme tension characterizing it, hence thwarting efforts at mobilizing against the threat to the state as an organic entity by the Boko Haram insurrection are coherently brought to the fore as core themes within the article. The methodology sourced to sustainably direct the thrust of our argument leans heavily on the qualitative analysis (non numerical approach) of existing data. Findings confirm that a major bane of the war on terror is the discord between the military and civil society. This is in the sense that members of the civil society perceive themselves as victims of the arbitrary conduct of the military against them hence their refusal to partner with the military in confronting the menace of Boko Haram plaguing the country. This condition has negatively imperiled the harnessing of a robust civil-military relations that should have contributed in fashioning out an avenue for intelligence sharing that will naturally fortify the chosen strategy against the Boko Haram terrorist organisation. Therefore, the work advocates that if set goals are to be achieved, then international human rights precepts must be observed which should include strict adherence to the principles defining the central themes in the rules of engagements (ROE) as troops are deployed amidst the civil populace.
IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021
Traffic congestion could be a condition in transport where it has huge crowds, slows the speed of... more Traffic congestion could be a condition in transport where it has huge crowds, slows the speed of vehicles and even it increases the vehicular lengths. Traffic congestion on city road networks has increased rapidly, since the 1950s. When the traffic demand is great then the interaction between the vehicles reduces the speed of the traffic and finally results in traffic congestion. To overcome such circumstances in present scenario, smart traffic management system can be initiated and we are in study to find a solution to make traffic free city. This system helps in monitoring the traffic signals and flow of vehicles by means of image processing with CCTV cameras. CCTV cameras help in image processing and identifying the number of vehicles passing in the road surface. It helps in abating the traffic congestion in the road and fuel consumption of the automobiles. Sensors are used for detecting the number of vehicles and speed. By coordinating the CCTV cameras and sensors the collected...
This work examines the complex phenomenon of global terrorism in a fast evolving International Or... more This work examines the complex phenomenon of global terrorism in a fast evolving International Order (the New World Order) that is driven by the wheel of globalization as a historical process. The discourse is domesticated within the Nigeria geographical space with the onslaught of the Boko Haram attack on the Nigerian state; its premier institutional bulwark represented by the military and its vulnerable populations as case study. The article presents Nigeria as a deeply divided society that is exploited by the terrorist to their advantage. The work contained herein is anchored on the failed state and the relative deprivation theoretical model to sustain its thrust and give meaning to the arguments articulated. The methodology depended-on for data leans heavily on the analysis of secondary sources within the traditional liberal and social science orientations. Finally, the article presents a set of recommendations that could contribute in the reversal of the grounds covered by the ...
Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies, 2015
IntroductionThe challenges currently confronting the Nigerian state transcend the previously simp... more IntroductionThe challenges currently confronting the Nigerian state transcend the previously simple case of boundary disputes and communal clashes to become something much more complex like armed insurrection. Insecurity posed by different forms of insurgency is now the most conspicuous feature of the country. Besides wreaking all sorts of havoc on the country and its population, insurgency has attached to the Nigerian state the labels 'dysfunctional state', 'weak state' and 'failed state'. The murderous activities of Boko Haram, an Islamist terrorist group, have particularly constituted a serious threat to the security of the country, as well as its existence as a legitimate entity. There is no denying that the spate of insurgency that permeates post-military Nigeria is traceable partly to the air of freedom enjoyed by the citizens. However, as shall be demonstrated in relation to the reign of terror orchestrated by the dreaded Boko Haram in the north and th...
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Papers by Caleb Ayuba