Proceedings of the 6th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : driving assessment 2011, 2011
Proceedings of the 5th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : Driving Assessment 2009, 2009
Proceedings of the 7th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : driving assessment 2013, 2013
The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety tasked the MIT AgeLab with developing a data-driven system ... more The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety tasked the MIT AgeLab with developing a data-driven system for rating new in-vehicle technologies, analogous to NCAP crashworthiness, but extended to scalar evaluations of the objective safety benefits of emerging safety technologies (e.g., adaptive headlights, back-up cameras, lane-departure warning). Such a system was envisioned as having the potential to educate and guide consumers towards more confident and strategic purchasing decisions that may enhance automotive safety. Moreover, an evaluation of the status and extent of existing data on these safety systems was seen as a way of identifying possible research gaps in the present state of knowledge. This report provides an overview of key project activities and observations made to date. It then details the concepts and methods upon which the proposed rating system is based. The system is further developed by applying it to the rating of a set of seven safety relevant technologies. The resu...
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2013
A simulation study compared 23 young adult drivers’ task completion time, mean glance time, numbe... more A simulation study compared 23 young adult drivers’ task completion time, mean glance time, number of glances, and percentage of long glances while performing a navigation entry task with a Garmin portable GPS system and a mobile navigation application (iOS 5 Google Maps) on an iPod Touch. We compared participants’ performance on these tasks using the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) eye-glance acceptance criteria. We found that, irrespective of the device used, no participant was able to complete the task within the recommended total time window of 12 seconds. When entering a destination into the iOS interface, only 73.9% of the drivers meet the NHTSA criteria for long duration glances. With the Garmin system, 91.3% of the participants meet this criterion. All participants were able to maintain adequate mean off road glance durations. Finally, we compared the NHTSA recommended method of assessing all off road glances to more traditional methods of assessing gl...
Adjunct Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, 2014
ABSTRACT This study examined relationships between individual user characteristics and perception... more ABSTRACT This study examined relationships between individual user characteristics and perceptions about technology -- experience, adoption, ability to learn, and trust. Based on responses from a diverse sample of 610 individuals with driving experience, it was found that perceived health and well-being were strongly associated with experience and perceptions around technology, including attitudes toward established and new vehicle technologies. A comparison of results from a correlation analysis showed the effects of perceived health and well-being to be stronger and more significant compared to demographic characteristics and medical conditions. The findings suggest a need for a better understanding of user characteristics, rather than relying on observable traits.
AutomotiveUI 2012 - 4th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, In-cooperation with ACM SIGCHI - Proceedings, 2012
2008 International Conference on Cyberworlds, 2008
The goal of this study was to assess heart rate and driving performance while middle age and youn... more The goal of this study was to assess heart rate and driving performance while middle age and younger adults engaged in a naturalistic hands free phone task that was structured to place objectively equivalent cognitive demands on all participants. Although heart rate measures have ...
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2009
This study examined the sensitivity of heart rate, skin conductance, and respiration rate as meas... more This study examined the sensitivity of heart rate, skin conductance, and respiration rate as measures of mental workload in a simulated driving environment. Workload was systematically manipulated by using increasingly difficult levels of a secondary cognitive task. In a sample of 121 young adults, heart rate increased incrementally with increasing task demand. Significant elevations in skin conductance and respiration rate were also observed. At the lower levels of added workload, secondary task performance was nearly perfect and changes in indices of driving performance were negligible. At the highest level of workload, all three physiological measures appeared to plateau, and a subtle drop in simulated driving performance became detectable. Taken together, the pattern of results indicates that physiological measures can be sensitive to changes in workload before the appearance of clear decrements in driving performance. These findings further highlight a role for physiological mo...
Proceedings of the 6th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : driving assessment 2011, 2011
Proceedings of the 5th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : Driving Assessment 2009, 2009
Proceedings of the 7th International Driving Symposium on Human Factors in Driver Assessment, Training, and Vehicle Design : driving assessment 2013, 2013
The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety tasked the MIT AgeLab with developing a data-driven system ... more The AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety tasked the MIT AgeLab with developing a data-driven system for rating new in-vehicle technologies, analogous to NCAP crashworthiness, but extended to scalar evaluations of the objective safety benefits of emerging safety technologies (e.g., adaptive headlights, back-up cameras, lane-departure warning). Such a system was envisioned as having the potential to educate and guide consumers towards more confident and strategic purchasing decisions that may enhance automotive safety. Moreover, an evaluation of the status and extent of existing data on these safety systems was seen as a way of identifying possible research gaps in the present state of knowledge. This report provides an overview of key project activities and observations made to date. It then details the concepts and methods upon which the proposed rating system is based. The system is further developed by applying it to the rating of a set of seven safety relevant technologies. The resu...
Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2013
A simulation study compared 23 young adult drivers’ task completion time, mean glance time, numbe... more A simulation study compared 23 young adult drivers’ task completion time, mean glance time, number of glances, and percentage of long glances while performing a navigation entry task with a Garmin portable GPS system and a mobile navigation application (iOS 5 Google Maps) on an iPod Touch. We compared participants’ performance on these tasks using the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) eye-glance acceptance criteria. We found that, irrespective of the device used, no participant was able to complete the task within the recommended total time window of 12 seconds. When entering a destination into the iOS interface, only 73.9% of the drivers meet the NHTSA criteria for long duration glances. With the Garmin system, 91.3% of the participants meet this criterion. All participants were able to maintain adequate mean off road glance durations. Finally, we compared the NHTSA recommended method of assessing all off road glances to more traditional methods of assessing gl...
Adjunct Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, 2014
ABSTRACT This study examined relationships between individual user characteristics and perception... more ABSTRACT This study examined relationships between individual user characteristics and perceptions about technology -- experience, adoption, ability to learn, and trust. Based on responses from a diverse sample of 610 individuals with driving experience, it was found that perceived health and well-being were strongly associated with experience and perceptions around technology, including attitudes toward established and new vehicle technologies. A comparison of results from a correlation analysis showed the effects of perceived health and well-being to be stronger and more significant compared to demographic characteristics and medical conditions. The findings suggest a need for a better understanding of user characteristics, rather than relying on observable traits.
AutomotiveUI 2012 - 4th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, In-cooperation with ACM SIGCHI - Proceedings, 2012
2008 International Conference on Cyberworlds, 2008
The goal of this study was to assess heart rate and driving performance while middle age and youn... more The goal of this study was to assess heart rate and driving performance while middle age and younger adults engaged in a naturalistic hands free phone task that was structured to place objectively equivalent cognitive demands on all participants. Although heart rate measures have ...
Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2009
This study examined the sensitivity of heart rate, skin conductance, and respiration rate as meas... more This study examined the sensitivity of heart rate, skin conductance, and respiration rate as measures of mental workload in a simulated driving environment. Workload was systematically manipulated by using increasingly difficult levels of a secondary cognitive task. In a sample of 121 young adults, heart rate increased incrementally with increasing task demand. Significant elevations in skin conductance and respiration rate were also observed. At the lower levels of added workload, secondary task performance was nearly perfect and changes in indices of driving performance were negligible. At the highest level of workload, all three physiological measures appeared to plateau, and a subtle drop in simulated driving performance became detectable. Taken together, the pattern of results indicates that physiological measures can be sensitive to changes in workload before the appearance of clear decrements in driving performance. These findings further highlight a role for physiological mo...
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