Additional file 1: Table S1. Phytochemical analysis of CRACE. Table S2. Primer sequences. Figure ... more Additional file 1: Table S1. Phytochemical analysis of CRACE. Table S2. Primer sequences. Figure S1. CRACE was non-cytotoxic to a number of tested cells at tested doses.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyto-preparations and phyto-compounds, by their natural origin, e... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyto-preparations and phyto-compounds, by their natural origin, easy availability, cost-effectiveness, and fruitful traditional uses based on accumulated experiences, have been extensively explored to mitigate the global burden of obesity. AIM OF THIS REVIEW The review aimed to analyse and critically summarize the prospect of future anti-obesity drug leads from the extant array of phytochemicals for mitigation of obesity, using adipose related targets (adipocyte formation, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis) and non-adipose targets (hepatic lipid metabolism, appetite, satiety, and pancreatic lipase activity). Phytochemicals as inhibitors of adipocyte differentiation, modulators of lipid metabolism, and thermogenic activators of adipocytes are specifically discussed with their non-adipose anti-obesogenic targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and SciFinder were accessed to collect data on traditional medicinal plants, compounds...
Background: Phytoextracts, due to its complex nature of formulations yet little or no side effect... more Background: Phytoextracts, due to its complex nature of formulations yet little or no side effects, have been pursued as alternative medicine for the treatment of complex metabolic disorders such as obesity. One of the appealing strategies to achieve this is the modulation of adipocyte development and function with the treatment of phytoextracts. The current study explored the activity of Terminalia chebula fruit, a component of Ayurveda formulation “Triphala” on these aspects of adipogenesis. Materials and Methods: The effect of T. chebula aqueous fruit extract (CAFE) on the process of adipocyte development and function was investigated. To test the effect of CAFE on adipocyte development, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated in the presence and absence of CAFE followed by estimation of lipid content and expression of adipogenic genes. To test its effect on adipocyte function, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with the extract followed by estimation of lipolysis. Results: T...
Background To investigate the potential of Catharanthus roseus leaf aqueous crude extract (CRACE)... more Background To investigate the potential of Catharanthus roseus leaf aqueous crude extract (CRACE) as a regulator of adipocyte development and function. Methods 3T3-L1 adipogenesis model was used to investigate the effect of CRACE on adipogenesis. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (for adipogenic differentiation) and mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes (for adipocyte function) were treated with non-toxic doses of CRACE. The outcomes were corroborated by intracellular lipid accumulation, expression of pro-and anti-adipogenic effector molecules. To investigate CRACE mediated lipolysis, cAMP accumulation, glycerol release and phosphorylation of key effector molecules were tested in treated mature adipocytes. Finally, the extract was fractionated to identify the active molecule/s in the extract. Results CRACE significantly reduced adipocyte differentiation by modulating PPARγ expression. At early stage CRACE directly targeted Lipin1 expression and consequently impacted KLF7, subsequently expression of GATA2, CE...
Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein iso... more Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein isolate was studied. Acylation increased whiteness value and dissociation of proteins, but reduced free sulfhydryl and disulfide content (p < 0.05). Intrinsic fluorescence emission and FTIR spectra revealed distinct perturbations in maleylated proteins' tertiary and secondary conformations. Increase in surface hydrophobicity, foaming capacity, emulsion stability, protein surface load at oil-water interface and decrease in surface tension at air-water interface, occurred till moderate level of modification. While maleylation impaired foam stability, protein solubility and emulsion capacity were markedly ameliorated (p < 0.05), which are concomitant with decreased droplet size distribution (d 32). In-vitro digestibility and cytotoxicity tests suggested no severe ill-effects of modified proteins, especially up to low degrees of maleylation. The study shows good potential for maleylated rapeseed proteins as functional food ingredient.
Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein iso... more Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein isolate was studied. Acylation increased whiteness value and dissociation of proteins, but reduced free sulfhydryl and disulfide content (p < 0.05). Intrinsic fluorescence emission and FTIR spectra revealed distinct perturbations in maleylated proteins' tertiary and secondary conformations. Increase in surface hydrophobicity, foaming capacity, emulsion stability, protein surface load at oil-water interface and decrease in surface tension at air-water interface, occurred till moderate level of modification. While maleylation impaired foam stability, protein solubility and emulsion capacity were markedly ameliorated (p < 0.05), which are concomitant with decreased droplet size distribution (d 32). In-vitro digestibility and cytotoxicity tests suggested no severe ill-effects of modified proteins, especially up to low degrees of maleylation. The study shows good potential for maleylat...
Additional file 1: Table S1. Phytochemical analysis of CRACE. Table S2. Primer sequences. Figure ... more Additional file 1: Table S1. Phytochemical analysis of CRACE. Table S2. Primer sequences. Figure S1. CRACE was non-cytotoxic to a number of tested cells at tested doses.
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyto-preparations and phyto-compounds, by their natural origin, e... more ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Phyto-preparations and phyto-compounds, by their natural origin, easy availability, cost-effectiveness, and fruitful traditional uses based on accumulated experiences, have been extensively explored to mitigate the global burden of obesity. AIM OF THIS REVIEW The review aimed to analyse and critically summarize the prospect of future anti-obesity drug leads from the extant array of phytochemicals for mitigation of obesity, using adipose related targets (adipocyte formation, lipid metabolism, and thermogenesis) and non-adipose targets (hepatic lipid metabolism, appetite, satiety, and pancreatic lipase activity). Phytochemicals as inhibitors of adipocyte differentiation, modulators of lipid metabolism, and thermogenic activators of adipocytes are specifically discussed with their non-adipose anti-obesogenic targets. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and SciFinder were accessed to collect data on traditional medicinal plants, compounds...
Background: Phytoextracts, due to its complex nature of formulations yet little or no side effect... more Background: Phytoextracts, due to its complex nature of formulations yet little or no side effects, have been pursued as alternative medicine for the treatment of complex metabolic disorders such as obesity. One of the appealing strategies to achieve this is the modulation of adipocyte development and function with the treatment of phytoextracts. The current study explored the activity of Terminalia chebula fruit, a component of Ayurveda formulation “Triphala” on these aspects of adipogenesis. Materials and Methods: The effect of T. chebula aqueous fruit extract (CAFE) on the process of adipocyte development and function was investigated. To test the effect of CAFE on adipocyte development, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated in the presence and absence of CAFE followed by estimation of lipid content and expression of adipogenic genes. To test its effect on adipocyte function, mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with the extract followed by estimation of lipolysis. Results: T...
Background To investigate the potential of Catharanthus roseus leaf aqueous crude extract (CRACE)... more Background To investigate the potential of Catharanthus roseus leaf aqueous crude extract (CRACE) as a regulator of adipocyte development and function. Methods 3T3-L1 adipogenesis model was used to investigate the effect of CRACE on adipogenesis. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes (for adipogenic differentiation) and mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes (for adipocyte function) were treated with non-toxic doses of CRACE. The outcomes were corroborated by intracellular lipid accumulation, expression of pro-and anti-adipogenic effector molecules. To investigate CRACE mediated lipolysis, cAMP accumulation, glycerol release and phosphorylation of key effector molecules were tested in treated mature adipocytes. Finally, the extract was fractionated to identify the active molecule/s in the extract. Results CRACE significantly reduced adipocyte differentiation by modulating PPARγ expression. At early stage CRACE directly targeted Lipin1 expression and consequently impacted KLF7, subsequently expression of GATA2, CE...
Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein iso... more Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein isolate was studied. Acylation increased whiteness value and dissociation of proteins, but reduced free sulfhydryl and disulfide content (p &amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Intrinsic fluorescence emission and FTIR spectra revealed distinct perturbations in maleylated proteins&amp;amp;#39; tertiary and secondary conformations. Increase in surface hydrophobicity, foaming capacity, emulsion stability, protein surface load at oil-water interface and decrease in surface tension at air-water interface, occurred till moderate level of modification. While maleylation impaired foam stability, protein solubility and emulsion capacity were markedly ameliorated (p &amp;amp;lt; 0.05), which are concomitant with decreased droplet size distribution (d 32). In-vitro digestibility and cytotoxicity tests suggested no severe ill-effects of modified proteins, especially up to low degrees of maleylation. The study shows good potential for maleylated rapeseed proteins as functional food ingredient.
Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein iso... more Influence of maleylation on the physicochemical and functional properties of rapeseed protein isolate was studied. Acylation increased whiteness value and dissociation of proteins, but reduced free sulfhydryl and disulfide content (p < 0.05). Intrinsic fluorescence emission and FTIR spectra revealed distinct perturbations in maleylated proteins' tertiary and secondary conformations. Increase in surface hydrophobicity, foaming capacity, emulsion stability, protein surface load at oil-water interface and decrease in surface tension at air-water interface, occurred till moderate level of modification. While maleylation impaired foam stability, protein solubility and emulsion capacity were markedly ameliorated (p < 0.05), which are concomitant with decreased droplet size distribution (d 32). In-vitro digestibility and cytotoxicity tests suggested no severe ill-effects of modified proteins, especially up to low degrees of maleylation. The study shows good potential for maleylat...
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